This study explores the application of optimization algorithms, with a focus on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), to enhance real-time image processing in Internet of Things (IoT) networks. Given the constraints of computational power and energy resources in IoT devices, efficient processing of image data is a critical challenge. The proposed PSO-based framework aims to minimize processing time and energy consumption while maintaining high accuracy in image analysis tasks. Experimental results demonstrate that PSO can reduce processing time by 10% and energy consumption by 15% on average, with a slight improvement in accuracy. Comparisons with traditional and other evolutionary optimization techniques reveal that PSO provides a superior balance between efficiency and performance, making it particularly well-suited for real-time IoT applications. The findings suggest that the integration of advanced optimization algorithms like PSO into IoT systems can significantly enhance their operational efficiency, scalability, and effectiveness, particularly in resource-constrained environments.