Real-time Dynamic Monitoring Research Articles

Machining vibration monitoring based on dynamic clamping force measuring in thin-walled components milling

In milling of thin-walled structures such as impellers or blisks, critical workpiece vibrations occur due to the excitation by the cutting forces and the dynamic interface between the workpiece and the fixture. Vibrations may cause instable state of the milling process, thus decreasing the production outcome by causing rejects. In respect to the milling process of thin-walled workpiece, a challenging task is to monitor the critical vibrations occurred in the workpiece itself or the contact surface between the workpiece and the clamping system. Vibrations can be reflected in the clamping system, and thus the clamping force variation monitoring is a potential scenario or solution to the challenging task. This article introduces a measurement prototype for the real-time dynamic clamping force monitoring. With respect to the measurement of clamping force, two case studies are carried out by a direct sensing method with PVDF thin-film sensors. In the first study, the measurement prototype with embedded PVDF sensors is located on the dynamometer, and an additional eddy-current transducer is applied for monitoring the workpiece deflection during the milling process. Deflection signals and cutting force signals from dynamometer are used as two referential signals to demonstrate the reliability of the prototype with embedded PVDF sensors. In the second study, milling test with the same tool and workpiece is implemented with only PVDF sensors monitoring. Dynamic clamping signal varying with different cutting durations in time, frequency, and time-frequency domain and different milling surface results is performed. Relationship between the collected signals and machining results is preliminarily analyzed. Case studies with thin-walled workpiece show the performance of the measurement prototype.

DYNAMIC MONITORING METHOD OF ILLEGAL BUILDINGS USING SPATIOTEMPORAL BIG DATA BASED ON URBAN HIGH LYING ZONES

Abstract. China's urban illegal buildings are emerging in an endless stream with a large number. There is a wide demand for urban illegal buildings monitoring in urban management departments, including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other regions where urban management is facing increasingly serious problems of illegal buildings. It is urgent to solve the common problem of "urban disease" caused by urban illegal buildings, and a new automatic monitoring method that can reduce the cost of urban management is urgently needed. This kind of automated monitoring method of illegal buildings has a wide market demand in Urban Management and Law Enforcement and the Ministry of Land and Resources. Existing technologies cannot realize long-term, autonomous, rapid and intelligent dynamic real-time monitoring of urban illegal buildings, which leads to the problem that illegal buildings’ behaviors cannot be stopped in time. There is a possibility to solve these problems using the ubiquitous network of base stations in cities to monitor illegal buildings.This paper proposes a dynamic monitoring method of illegal buildings using spatiotemporal big data based on urban high lying zones. Through the Spatiotemporal sensor network technology, the tilt-type stereo camera is set up at the high lying zones around the survey area. According to the real-time ambient temperature and humidity numerical data fed back by the temperature and humidity sensor, the tilt-type stereo camera uses intelligent time-lapse photogrammetry technology to obtain multiple stereo pairs. The tilted remote sensor transmits the multiple stereo pairs to the urban dynamic analysis service network using wireless transmission. The urban dynamic analysis service network will complete a series of analysis and processing operations without any human intervention, and then transmit the results of the analysis to the early-warning terminal successively through the base station, WIFI and other wireless transmission methods. Finally, the illegal building data is uploaded to the terminal. That is to say, the urban dynamic analysis service network can realize the intelligent, automatic analysis and processing of spatial analysis server and the operation of calling all database data and storing data.The method proposed in this paper uses the high lying zones around the survey area to expand the monitoring range, improve the accuracy of monitoring data, realize long-term real-time monitoring, and fully utilize the characteristics of Spatiotemporal sensing network technology intelligent, autonomous, wireless transmission, etc., significantly reducing labor. It greatly shortens the process from the emergence to the discovery of illegal buildings in cities. The workload of monitoring has improved the efficiency of dynamic monitoring and warehousing of illegal buildings data in cities.

Deformation Monitoring on Jiaozhou Bay Cross-Sea Bridge Based on the Digital LVR Photogrammetric Model

Being lack of the real-time dynamic deformation monitoring methods for the large span bridge recently, the paper makes application of the digital long visual range (shorted as: LVR) photogrammetric model with the uniform proportional pseudo-parallax algorithm in the bridge creatively. Under the normal operating conditions of the bridge, the instantaneous real-time dynamic deformation monitoring is conducted with sea level range exceed more than 2 kilometres and the single hole maximum span 600 meters. The experiment can obtain the instantaneous deformation information of multiple deformation monitoring points, describe the load-deformation curve timely, and can obtain the ideal accuracy measurement results. The results provide a theoretical and practical basis for the health deformation monitoring on the similar large bridges, then achieve the abnormal deformation parts of the bridge in time and make the warning.

Experimental Study on Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Bond-Slip for BFRP Concrete

The research on the bond slip characteristics of BFRP concrete mainly focuses on mechanical properties. There has been no effective technology to study the bond slip damage process of BFRP concrete. Therefore, the characteristics of bond slip failure process of BFRP concrete are studied in this paper based on acoustic emission technology as a real-time dynamic nondestructive monitoring technique. The results show that acoustic emission centroid frequency increased with the slip, the AE count ratio and the AE energy ratio is the largest at the stage of overcoming the chemical bonding force, and then it is significantly reduced and there is a certain increase at the peak of the load. The scatter diagram of the AE duration and the counts is concentrated in on region, likes two rays. Moreover, these phased stable characteristics of acoustic emission characteristics corresponding to different stages of BFRP concrete bond slip process, it provide evidently basis for identifying the process of BFRP concrete bond slip damage based on acoustic emission technology.

Optimal Real-time Static and Dynamic Air Quality Monitoring System

Objective: The objective of this study is to design and implement an effective low-cost air quality monitoring system that has the ability to monitor real-time air quality over a wide geographical area. Methodology: The proposed system is developed for CO and NO2. As a test case, our developed system is deployed in Quetta city, both in static and dynamic situations and the concentration level of CO and NO2 in the air are measured and stored, along with their time, date, and location. In order to analyze this information, the stored data are then transferred to a data collection center via short-range wireless communication. Findings: Many air quality monitoring systems exits in the market; however, most of these systems have several design limitations such as size, cost, inability to move, and demand for continuous internet connectivity. Therefore, in this study, we have designed and implemented an effective low-cost air quality monitoring system that has the ability to monitor real-time air quality over a wide geographical area. Moreover, unlike existing air quality monitoring systems, the proposed system does not require any continuous internet connection and it can monitor the concentration level of pollutants in the air both in a static position and in mobile situations. The test results show that our proposed system can perform very well in both static and mobile situations. Applications: The proposed monitoring mechanism can help environmental experts and the general public to develop a more robust strategy against the adverse effects of air pollution. Keywords: Sensors, Pollution, Air-Quality, Global Positioning System (GPS), Zigbee.

UCNP-Bi2 Se3 Upconverting Nanohybrid for Upconversion Luminescence and CT Imaging and Photothermal Therapy.

Non-invasive theranostics that integrate the advantages of multimodality imaging and therapeutics have great potential in the field of biomedicine. Herein, a new nanohybrid based on Bi2 Se3 -conjugated upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) has been successfully developed through a simple in situ growth strategy. Under 808 nm near-infrared laser irradiation, the UCNPs can emit bright visible light, whereas the Bi2 Se3 nanomaterial exhibits efficient photothermal conversion capacity. Moreover, the as-synthesized UCNP-Bi2 Se3 nanohybrid exhibits efficient cell upconversion luminescence (UCL), reasonable CT imaging, and admirable cancer cell ablation capacity, further emphasizing the efficiency of this strategy for simultaneous UCL imaging and photothermal therapy. The designed theranostic strategy guided by dual-modal imaging endowed with real-time dynamic monitoring, remote controllability, and non-invasiveness makes the UCNP-Bi2 Se3 nanohybrid an ideal candidate for non-invasive multimodal imaging-guided photothermal therapy for the precise diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Extracting tidal creek features in a heterogeneous background using Sentinel-2 imagery: a case study in the Yellow River Delta, China

ABSTRACTOwing to difficulties accessing areas where tidal creeks develop and the frequent morphological changes they undergo, there are very significant advantages in using remote sensing methods to effectively monitor conditions and the dynamics in these zones. The Yellow River Delta, which is the research area of this study, exhibits a very irregular tidal flat, with tidal creeks that vary in width and experience water current anisotropy. This study proposes a method for extracting tidal creeks based on a digital image processing technology that can carry out accurate characterization of tidal creeks against heterogeneous backgrounds. First, the normalized difference water index (NDWI) and Maximum Between-Class Variance (Otsu) classification are used to delineate the wide tidal creeks. Second, the modified fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm (MFCM) is used to suppress the difference between the target and background caused by spatial heterogeneity of the tidal flat environment. Next, the Gaussian matching filter (GMF) is used to enhance the narrow tidal creeks and suppress the influence of anisotropy. Then, adaptive threshold segmentation is conducted to delineate the narrow tidal creeks. Finally, the complete tidal creek networks are delineated by combining the wide and narrow tidal creeks. The overall performance was evaluated by visual interpretation and the result is excellent. In the four test areas, the kappa coefficient (κ) was greater than 0.79, the error of Commission was less than 22%, and the error of omission was less than 15%; the proposed method performed better than the Maximum Likelihood method, Support Vector Machine, and k-means algorithms. The results show that the proposed method can differentiate tidal creeks from different research areas, with good extraction accuracy and stability. The method can provide reference data for real-time dynamic monitoring of tidal creeks and has potential for application to other tidal zones in different regions.

Real-time monitoring of trap dynamics reveals the electronic states that limit charge transport in crystalline organic semiconductors

Access to the dynamics of trap annihilation/generation resulting from isomer rearrangement identifies the performance-limiting processes in organic thin-film transistors.

Real-time monitoring of water level and storage dynamics of irrigation tank using IoT

Abstract The internet of things (IoT), an emerging technological marvel, consists of a group of physical objects such as vehicles, machines and sensors to monitor and transfer data over the internet with much less human to machine interaction. It relies on a host of technologies like application programming interfaces (API), which in turn, help the devices to get connected with the internet. Efficient irrigation tank management requires a strong database on continuous water level dynamics for irrigation decision-making. Real-time tank water level monitoring is possible through an IoT device by integrating sensors and microcontroller that can send the water level data to the cloud. Google sheet is used to store the water level data that can be viewed using a web application as well as a mobile application. The contour map of the study tank is used to develop the stage (water level) vs volume curve. The volume of water present in the tank at any time can be arrived at for any tank water level using the above curve. The developed device can provide real-time continuous water level data with low cost and simple infrastructure, thus aiding tank water management.

Parallel serial assessment of somatic mutation and methylation profile from circulating tumor DNA predicts treatment response and impending disease progression in osimertinib-treated lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) harboring tumor-specific genetic and epigenetic aberrations allows for early detection and real-time monitoring of tumor dynamics. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential of parallel serial assessment of somatic mutation and methylation profile in monitoring the response to osimertinib of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M-positive advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients. Parallel somatic mutation and DNA methylation profiling was performed on a total of 85 longitudinal plasma samples obtained from 8 stage IV osimertinib-treated EGFR T790M-positive lung adenocarcinoma patients. Our results revealed a significant correlation between the by-patient methylation level with the maximum allele fraction (maxAF, P=0.0002). The methylation levels were significantly higher in the plasma samples of patients with detectable somatic mutations than patients without somatic mutations (P=0.0003) and healthy controls (P=0.0018). Moreover, analysis of both the DNA methylation level and maxAF revealed four trends of treatment response. Collectively, the decrease in methylation level and maxAF reflected treatment efficacy, while the gradual increase reflected impending disease progression (PD). Elevated methylation levels and maxAF were observed in 6 and 5 patients in an average lead-time of 3.0 and 1.9 months, respectively, prior to evaluation of PD using radiological imaging. DNA methylation profiling has the potential to predict disease relapse prior to evaluation through radiological modalities, suggesting that serial assessment of methylation level in combination with somatic mutation profiling are reliable methods for treatment monitoring. These methods should thus be incorporated with imaging modalities for a more comprehensive work-up of treatment response, particularly for patients treated with targeted therapies.

Based on ZigBee and GIS technology to explore the real-time dynamic monitoring system of urban atmospheric environment

Good ecological Environment and Atmospheric Environment is an important part of human healthy growth and survival. With the acceleration of the urbanization process, bringing people a lot of material and spiritual enjoyment, but also increased water, soil and atmospheric environment and other serious pollution problems. Under the influence of greenhouse effect, global warming further aggravates the harm to people’s physical and mental health. In this paper, based on ZigBee and GIS technology, the content of real-time dynamic monitoring of urban atmospheric environment is deeply analyzed, and the positioning and targeted warning of pollution sources of solid pollution particles and pollution gases in the city are carried out to further prevent the spread of pollution accidents.

Watching DNA Replication Inhibitors in Action: Exploiting Time-Lapse Microfluidic Microscopy as a Tool for Target-Drug Interaction Studies in Mycobacterium.

Spreading resistance to antibiotics and the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains have become frequent in many bacterial species, including mycobacteria, which are the causative agents of severe diseases and which have profound impacts on global health. Here, we used a system of microfluidics, fluorescence microscopy, and target-tagged fluorescent reporter strains of Mycobacterium smegmatis to perform real-time monitoring of replisome and chromosome dynamics following the addition of replication-altering drugs (novobiocin, nalidixic acid, and griselimycin) at the single-cell level. We found that novobiocin stalled replication forks and caused relaxation of the nucleoid and that nalidixic acid triggered rapid replisome collapse and compaction of the nucleoid, while griselimycin caused replisome instability, with the subsequent overinitiation of chromosome replication and overrelaxation of the nucleoid. In addition to study target-drug interactions, our system also enabled us to observe how the tested antibiotics affected the physiology of mycobacterial cells (i.e., growth, chromosome segregation, etc.).

Intelligent Inspection of Marine Disasters Based on UAV Intelligent Vision

Yue, G. and Pan, Y., 2019. Intelligent inspection of marine disasters based on UAV intelligent vision. In: Guido-Aldana, P.A. and Mulahasan, S. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources and Exploration. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 93, pp. 410–416. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.In order to improve the intelligent inspection ability of marine disasters, an intelligent inspection method of marine disasters based on intelligent visual feature analysis of UAV is proposed, the remote sensing image acquisition model of UAV for intelligent inspection of marine disasters is constructed, the remote sensing feature detection of UAV for intelligent inspection of marine disasters is carried out by using the method of edge profile feature decomposition of marine disasters, and the pixel spatial reconstruction model of remote sensing images of UAV for intelligent inspection of marine disasters is constructed. Edge pixel information fusion and image region reconstruction are used to extract the high spatial features of UAV remote sensing images for intelligent inspection of marine disasters. Combined with UAV remote sensing data fusion method, the intelligent inspection of marine disasters is realized. The simulation results show that the method has good accuracy in intelligent inspection of marine disasters, and the accuracy of remote sensing feature extraction of UAV in intelligent inspection of marine disasters is high, and the intelligent inspection and dynamic real-time monitoring of marine disasters are realized.

Research on quality improvement method of deformation monitoring data based on InSAR

In recent years, geological disasters caused by surface deformation frequently occur, which seriously threatens the safety of people's lives and property. Therefore, it is of great significance to strengthen the monitoring of surface deformation. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, traditional monitoring technology is difficult to meet the development requirements of modern society. As a new type of space-to-earth observation technology, INSAR technology has the advantages of high precision and real-time dynamic monitoring, and has been obtained in surface deformation monitoring widely used. This paper briefly analyzes the basic working principle of INSAR technology and its specific application in surface deformation monitoring. The algorithm parallelism of the ground-based SAR deformation monitoring process is analyzed, and the CPU + GPU heterogeneous platform is used to accelerate the implementation to improve the timeliness of deformation monitoring. BP imaging algorithm, interferogram generation, interferogram filtering and phase unwrapping algorithm are designed in parallel, and appropriate parallel granularity planning for multiple loops, adaptive division of optimal thread block size and use of shared memory to reduce duplicate data are adopted. Optimization strategies such as read time enable GPU acceleration processing. Compared with the implementation of CPU platform and CPU + GPU heterogeneous platform, the acceleration effect from tens to hundreds of times is accelerated, and the feasibility of GPU to improve the timeliness of deformation monitoring is verified.

Extracting method of tidal creek features under heterogeneous background at Yellow River Delta using remotely sensed imagery.

The Yellow River Delta exhibits irregular tidal flat, with tidal creeks that vary in width and experience tidal creek current anisotropy. Given such characteristics, the GF-2 multi-spectral image was selected as the data source to characterize the details of tidal creeks. First, the normali-zed difference water index (NDWI) and OTSU classification were used to delineate the wide tidal creeks. Second, the modified fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm (MFCM) and multi-scale Gaussian matching filter (MGMF) were used to enhance the narrow tidal creeks on the basis of weakening the heterogeneity of tidal flat background. Then, the adaptive threshold segmentation was conducted to delineate the narrow tidal creeks. Finally, the complete tidal creek networks were delineated by combining the wide and narrow tidal creeks. We fully used the spatial resolution and spectral information of the GF-2 image and took into account the geometric features of the linear features, ensuring the spatial continuity of the tidal creek extraction results. In the four tested areas, the Kappa coefficient was greater than 0.8 and the overall accuracy was greater than 97%, which performed better than the maximum likelihood method and support vector machine. The results showed that the proposed method could completely differentiate different types of tidal creeks, with good extraction accuracy and stability. The method could provide scientific reference for real-time dynamic monitoring of tidal creek and its development and evolution.

Parallel Serial Assessment of Somatic Mutation and Methylation Profile from Circulating Tumor DNA Predicts Treatment Response and Impending Disease Progression in Osimertinib-Treated Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients

Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) harboring tumor-specific genetic and epigenetic aberrations allows for early detection and real-time monitoring of tumor dynamics. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential of parallel serial assessment of somatic mutation and methylation profile in monitoring the response to osimertinib of EGFR T790M-positive advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients. Methods: Parallel somatic mutation and DNA methylation profiling was performed on a total of 85 longitudinal plasma samples obtained from eight stage IV osimertinib-treated EGFR T790M-positive lung adenocarcinoma patients. Findings: Our results revealed significant correlation between the by-patient methylation level with the maximum allele fraction (maxAF, P=0.0002). The methylation levels were significantly higher in the plasma samples of patients with detectable somatic mutations than patients without somatic mutations (P=0.0003) and healthy controls (P=0.0018). Moreover, analysis of both DNA methylation level and maxAF revealed four trends of treatment response. Collectively, the decrease in methylation level and maxAF reflected treatment efficacy, while the gradual increase reflected impending disease progression. Elevated methylation levels and maxAF were observed in six and five patients in an average lead-time of 3.0 and 1.9 months, respectively, prior to evaluation of disease progression using radiological imaging. Interpretation: DNA methylation profiling has the potential to predict disease relapse prior to being evaluated thru radiological modalities, suggesting that serial assessment of methylation level in combination with somatic mutation profiling are reliable methods for treatment monitoring and should be incorporated with imaging modalities for a more comprehensive work-up of treatment response, particularly for patients treated with targeted therapies. Funding Statement: This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 81772471 to S.Xia), Double First-Class University Plan funding of 2016 from Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (grant number 5001540022 to S.Xia) and Qinghai Science and Technology Department Funding (grant number 2017-ZJ-709 to S. Xia). Declaration of Interests: J.Ye, A.Lizaso, J.Su, H.Han-Zhang and S. Chuai are employees of Burning Rock Biotech. The other authors declare no potential conflicts of interest. Ethics Approval Statement: This study was performed according to the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and its current amendments. The study protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (approval number: 2015L01374/2015L01373). Written informed consent was provided by all the patients included in the study.

Design of a multifunctional urine bag

At present, there are many monitoring devices for vital signs parameters for clinical selection, but urine monitoring has not received enough attention. The traditional manual visual measurement, intermittent measurement of urine pH value, and other methods are still in use, so the authors designed a multifunctional urine bag. The urine bag can set up an alarm system per unit time according to patient's age and condition as well as set up urine pH value detection area in hard plastic measuring bottle. This device can not only accurately monitor urine volume per unit time, but also hopefully realize the alarm automation of abnormal urine volume per unit time, as well as real-time dynamic monitoring of urine pH value. It is helpful for medical staff to make accurate judgment on patients' condition changes, to guide the formulation and modification of clinical treatment plans, and to reduce the workload of clinical nursing staff to a certain extent.

Advances in liquid biopsy using circulating tumor cells and circulating cell-free tumor DNA for detection and monitoring of breast cancer

Overview the progress of liquid biopsy using circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating cell-free tumor DNA (cfDNA) to detect and monitor breast cancer. Based on numerous research efforts, the potential value of CTCs and cfDNA in the clinical aspects of cancer has become clear. With the development of next-generation sequencing analysis and newly developed technologies, many technical issues have been resolved, making liquid biopsy widely used in clinical practice. They can be powerful tools for dynamic monitoring of tumor progression and therapeutic efficacy. In the field of breast cancer, liquid biopsy is a research hot spot in recent years, playing a key role in monitoring breast cancer metastasis, predicting disease recurrence and assessing clinical drug resistance. Liquid biopsy has the advantages of noninvasive, high sensitivity, high specificity and real-time dynamic monitoring. Still application is far from reality, but the research and application prospects of CTCs and cfDNA in breast cancer are still worth exploring and discovering. This article reviews the main techniques and applications of CTCs and cfDNA in breast cancer.

Crack propagation and hydraulic fracturing in different lithologies

We simulated hydraulic fracturing in different lithologic rocks in the horizontal drilling by using the true physical model experiment and large rock specimens, carried out the real-time dynamic monitoring with adding tracer and then did post-fracturing cutting and so on. Based on this monitoring results, we compared and assessed the factors affecting expansion in shale, shell limestone, and tight sandstone and the fracture expansion in these rocks. In shale, the reformed reservoir volume is the highest, fracture network is formed in the process of fracturing. In tight sandstone, the fracture surface boundaries are curved, and the fracture surface area accounts for 25–50% of the entire specimen. In shell limestone, the complexity of the fracture morphology is between shale and tight sandstone, but no fracture network is developed. Brittleness controls the fracture surface area. In highly brittle rocks, the fracture surface area is high. Fracture toughness mainly affects the initiation and propagation of cracks. A fracture network is formed only if bedding planes are present and are more weaker than their corresponding matrix. The horizontal in situ deviatoric stress affects the crack propagation direction, and different lithologies have different horizontal in situ deviatoric stress thresholds. Low fluid injection rate facilitates the formation of complex cracks, whereas high fluid injection rate favors the development of fractures. Fluid injection weakly controls the complexity of hydraulic fracturing in low-brittleness rocks, whereas low-viscosity fracturing fluids favor the formation of complex cracks owing to easy enter microcracks and micro-pore. Displacement has a greater impact on high brittle rocks than low brittle rocks.

Multi-flow channel bioreactor enables real-time monitoring of cellular dynamics in 3D engineered tissue

The key to understanding, harnessing, and manipulating natural biological processes for the benefit of tissue engineering lies in providing a controllable dynamic environment for tissue development in vitro while being able to track cell activity in real time. This work presents a multi-channel bioreactor specifically designed to enable on-line imaging of fluorescently labeled cells embedded in replicated 3D engineered constructs subjected to different flow conditions. The images are acquired in 3D using a standard upright confocal microscope and further analyzed and quantified by computer vision. The platform is used to characterize and quantify the pace and directionality of angiogenic processes induced by flow. The presented apparatus bears considerable potential to advance scientific research, from basic research pursuing the effect of flow versus static conditions on 3D scaffolds and cell types, to clinically oriented modeling in drug screening and cytotoxicity assays.