Real Step Research Articles

Price Forecasting for the Balancing Energy Market Using Machine-Learning Regression

The importance of price forecasting has gained attention over the last few years, with the growth of aggregators and the general opening of the European electricity markets. Market participants manage a tradeoff between, bidding in a lower price market (day-ahead), but with typically higher volume, or aiming for a lower volume market but with potentially higher returns (balance energy market). Companies try to forecast the extremes of revenues or prices, in order to manage risk and opportunity, assigning their assets in an optimal way. It is thought that in general, electricity markets have quasi-deterministic principles, rather than being based on speculation, hence the desire to forecast the price based on variables that can describe the outcome of the market. Many studies address this problem from a statistical approach or by performing multiple-variable regressions, but they very often focus only on the time series analysis. In 2019, the Loss of Load Probability (LOLP) was made available in the UK for the first time. Taking this opportunity, this study focusses on five LOLP variables (with different time-ahead estimations) and other quasi-deterministic variables, to explain the price behavior of a multi-variable regression model. These include base production, system load, solar and wind generation, seasonality, day-ahead price and imbalance volume contributions. Three machine-learning algorithms were applied to test for performance, Gradient Boosting (GB), Random Forest (RF) and XGBoost. XGBoost presented higher performance and so it was chosen for the implementation of the real time forecast step. The model returns a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 7.89 £/MWh, a coefficient of determination (R2 score) of 76.8% and a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 124.74. The variables that contribute the most to the model are the Net Imbalance Volume, the LOLP (aggregated), the month and the De-rated margins (aggregated) with 28.6%, 27.5%, 14.0%, and 8.9% of weight on feature importance respectively.

Preconception care: developing and implementing regional and national programs

Introduction: During the past few decades, health workers have come to agree that there is a very important place for preconception care (PCC) in improving maternal and infant pregnancy outcomes. The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization issued recommendations encouraging countries to develop and implement preconception care programs. The reports include an in-depth discussion of the rationale and scientific evidence behind PCC as well as definitions, goals, components and recommended interventions to be included in PCC. These reports also offer very broad guidelines but do not offer details on how to develop and implement preconception care programs. Objective: The CDC and WHO reports identify the need for multisectoral engagement in developing and implementing preconception care programs and propose some activities and strategies to be considered in developing PCC programs. However, the recommendations fall short of specifying real steps that countries and regions should take in implementing PCC programs. In this publication we propose action steps for developing and implementing regional or national preconception care programs. Methods: We reviewed the published and unpublished literature (using PubMed and the Internet) to identify reports that describe processes for developing and implementing PCC programs. We used information from the literature along with experiences we gained through our work and interaction with States and developing countries to prepare a detailed description of the steps involved in developing and implementing a PCC program. Results: We found very little in terms of “tools” for program managers and providers to use when developing and implementing PCC programs. We prepared a guide, including a summary of steps and a proposed timeline, for program directors to use for developing and implementing PCC programs. Conclusion: Developing and implementing a sustainable PCC program should address issues related to educating the public, providers and policy makers about the benefits of PCC. It also includes establishing an infrastructure within the departments of health and ensuring resources to build, guide, monitor and evaluate the PCC program. Finally, implementation of a successful program depends heavily on the proper training of public health and clinical care providers in the delivery of the services included in the program.

Transnational organized crime as a destructive phenomenon of globalization

The article examines the problems associated with the impact of globalization on the state of crime and the factors of modernglobal processes that shape it’s destructive phenomenon – transnational organized crime. The study concluded that globalization ofcrime is now the main trend of it’s criminal transformation; transnational organized crime is a real step towards criminalization of society.Therefore, it is quite reasonable to assert that the formation of a transnational criminal environment is an antipode for a law-abidingsociety. The main factors of criminalization of society include: value-vacuum (weak state and the lack of values in society – this is theworst combination for society and the most advantageous for the progress of crime); informational influence, which justifies and legi -timizes criminal phenomenon; involvement people to the criminal society; instability. Besides improper state development leads to ocial non-adaptability, stratification of society. The modern “globalized progress”, that focused on alleged human values destroys thenormative base by legal, quasi-legal and criminal actions. Such transformation of society is the source for the transformation of organi -zed crime.It is actually nowadays to develop the fundamentally new attitude to the study of transnational crime, – sociocultural attitude,which can be based on such a postulate – the factors of the development of transnational criminal organizations associated with theemergence of appropriate opportunities at the global level.During exploring the transnational organized crime as a phenomenon that paradoxically is created by socio-cultural developmentof human civilization, firstly, it is necessary to understand that this phenomenon is a completely separate segment of crime, which hasit’s own and system characteristics.Secondly, the scientific definition of the features of transnational organized crime should be based on an analysis of it’s systemicinteractions, which will enable to solve the problem of developing and implementing a national and consolidated concept of combatingtransnational organized crime at the international level.

Drospirenone 4 mg-only pill (DOP) in 24+4 regimen: a new option for oral contraception

ABSTRACT Introduction The use of progestin-only pills (POPs) is still relatively infrequent, mainly for their unpredictable effect on menstrual bleeding. A new POP consisting of 4 mg drospirenone (DRSP) for 24 days plus 4-day hormone-free interval has been developed to address this need. DRSP is a potent progestin analogue of spironolactone, with antiandrogenic and antimineralocorticoid properties. Areas covered This is a narrative review of the available data on the pharmacotherapy of the new DRSP-only pill. The research includes aspects of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of the compound: the main focus is on the clinical effects of DRSP-only pill in terms of contraceptive efficacy, haemostatic effect, safety, tolerability and bleeding patterns. Expert Opinion The DRSP-only pill presents a similar Pearl Index to that of common combined hormonal contraceptives: it is a POP with a better bleeding profile than traditional POPs (higher rates of scheduled bleedings and much lower rates of unscheduled intracyclic bleeding/spotting) which could increase its acceptability and the panorama of possible users. For these reasons, DRSP-only pill represents a real step forward in oral contraception with only progestins, even if the bleeding patterns during its use are still different to oestrogen-containing products (i.e. lower rates of scheduled bleedings and higher rate of amenorrhea).

Statistics of work performed by optical tweezers with general time-variation of their stiffness

We derive an exact expression for the probability density of work done on a particle that diffuses in a parabolic potential with a stiffness varying by an arbitrary piecewise constant protocol. Based on this result, the work distribution for time-continuous protocols of the stiffness can be determined up to any degree of accuracy. This is achieved by replacing the continuous driving by a piecewise constant one with a number n of positive or negative steps of increasing or decreasing stiffness. With increasing n, the work distributions for the piecewise protocols approach that for the continuous protocol. The moment generating function of the work is given by the inverse square root of a polynomial of degree n, whose coefficients are efficiently calculated from a recurrence relation. The roots of the polynomials are real and positive (negative) steps of the protocol are associated with negative (positive) roots. Using these properties the inverse Laplace transform of the moment generating function is carried out explicitly. Fluctuation theorems are used to derive further properties of the polynomials and their roots.

Business Digital Transformation: A Study to Evaluate the Current Digital Operating Model in Saudi Airlines Company to Realize the Impact of Digital Transformation

Nowadays, digital transformation is a must for most organizations. It is a trend and interesting topic for companies across the world. During the past twenty years, technology has not only changed our personal lives but also changed the businesses around the world. Technology became the most important factor to the success and sustainability and the fast revolution of technology is changing the business industries environment and affecting the nature of competition and it is getting more aggressive. Digital transformation is one of the essential programs to achieve the vision of Saudi Arabia 2030. The kingdom has taken real steps towards implementing digital transformation. However, SAUDIA Airlines, the flag carrier and the biggest airline company at Saudi Arabia, has to be digitally transformed to be in-line with industry trends. The challenge is to transform SAUDIA’s entire digital experience into seamless experience to keep up with the competition. MIT-Capgemini digital transformation framework was the base of this study. The framework contains ten factors for successful digital transformation journey. All these factors have been analyzed and discussed. Finally, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) has been used to prioritize the factors of framework and to define factors’ dependencies among each other.

Establishing an observation group in the nursery

In the nursery, the implementation of aworking group on observation was a real step forward in the proposed support. Observation is both taking into account the child's internal world, a way of valuing his or her skills and the possibility ofco-constructing finer representations, common to all professionals.

ОБ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ АПСТРИМ В РК В КАЧЕСТВЕ ВОЗМОЖНЫХ ОТВЕТОВ НА ВЫЗОВЫ ВРЕМЕНИ

The most topical issues of upstream development in the Republic of Kazakhstan from the point of view of geology, drilling and development are considered. In view of the complexity of the development of hydrocarbon resources in the future, it is important to facilitate access to geological data and to involve the geological community as much as possible in their analysis and generalization. Rational use of data provides for remastering of regional seismic lines, and updating the structure model, primarily the Caspian Basin, based on modern processing and reinterpretation. The value of timely data analysis is illustrated in three specific examples. The experience of drilling wells dictates its requirements for contracts, equipment, personnel training, which brings forward a number of urgent issues presented in the work. One of the key roles in the development is played by the objectivity of recording parameters and accounting for products. The correct placement of wells, the effectiveness of which is shown by example and the reasonable implementation of the latest achievements, is a real step towards high yield of subsoil in today's difficult economic conditions

Will the European Union accede to the European Convention on Human Rights? ‘Before’ and ‘after’ the Opinion 2/13 of the ECJ

The article examines the European Union’s accession to the 1950 Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. To this end, two stages of accession are being examined: the stage before the Court of Justice of the European Union delivered its Opinion 2/13 of 18 December 2014 on the compatibility of the Draft agreement on the accession of the European Union to the Convention with the Treaty on the European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and the stage after this Opinon.
 In the frames of the first stage the prerequisites for the Court of Justice of the European Union’s making the Opinion 2/13, the content of the Draft agreement on the accession of the European Union to the Convention and the main provisions of the legal position of the Court of Justice of the European Union regarding the incompatibility of the Draft agreement on the accession of the European Union to the Convention are analysed. The second stage of the accession examines the intentions and real steps of the institutional mechanism of the European Union and the Council of Europe’s bodies for the implementation of accession, as well as possible ways of eliminating the inconsistencies of the Draft agreement on the accession of the European Union to the Convention identified by the Court of Justice of the European Union in its Opinion 2/13.
 Considering that the preparation of the first draft of the EU accession agreement to the Convention took about three years, noting the lack of an updated draft accession agreement (which could have taken into account the position of the European Union Court of Justice expressed in its Opinion 2/13), taking into account the necessity of the compatibility assessment of the new draft agreement on the accession of the European Union to the Convention with the EU by the European Union Court of Justice, there is a reason to believe that the issue of the accession of the European Union to the European Convention on Human Rights will have been open for a long time. At the same time, following the adoption of the Opinion 2/13, both the Commission of the European Union and the European Parliament have repeatedly confirmed the continuity of the European Union’s course for accession, and the fact that in early 2020 it was decided to extend the deadlines for the development of legal instruments establishing models of the European Union’s accession to the Convention in the ad hoc group cannot but confirm the perspective of accession at least in the long run.

Timing and correction of stepping movements with a virtual reality avatar.

Research into the ability to coordinate one’s movements with external cues has focussed on the use of simple rhythmic, auditory and visual stimuli, or interpersonal coordination with another person. Coordinating movements with a virtual avatar has not been explored, in the context of responses to temporal cues. To determine whether cueing of movements using a virtual avatar is effective, people’s ability to accurately coordinate with the stimuli needs to be investigated. Here we focus on temporal cues, as we know from timing studies that visual cues can be difficult to follow in the timing context. Real stepping movements were mapped onto an avatar using motion capture data. Healthy participants were then motion captured whilst stepping in time with the avatar’s movements, as viewed through a virtual reality headset. The timing of one of the avatar step cycles was accelerated or decelerated by 15% to create a temporal perturbation, for which participants would need to correct to, in order to remain in time. Step onset times of participants relative to the corresponding step-onsets of the avatar were used to measure the timing errors (asynchronies) between them. Participants completed either a visual-only condition, or auditory-visual with footstep sounds included, at two stepping tempo conditions (Fast: 400ms interval, Slow: 800ms interval). Participants’ asynchronies exhibited slow drift in the Visual-Only condition, but became stable in the Auditory-Visual condition. Moreover, we observed a clear corrective response to the phase perturbation in both the fast and slow tempo auditory-visual conditions. We conclude that an avatar’s movements can be used to influence a person’s own motion, but should include relevant auditory cues congruent with the movement to ensure a suitable level of entrainment is achieved. This approach has applications in physiotherapy, where virtual avatars present an opportunity to provide the guidance to assist patients in adhering to prescribed exercises.

Surabaya City Workers, Why Choose an Accountant Career?

Careers are important for the lives of everyone, especially those of productive age. When someone chooses a career, it is an important matter in the life they lead. Because when someone chooses a career he also chooses to take real steps in fulfilling his life goals. Same with workers who determine their careers. They choose a career according to their abilities, interests and needs. Different abilities, interests and needs of a person. This study uses survey methods with quantitative data to find out why choosing an accountant's career. The population of this study is workers who are in the city of Surabaya, this is based on the objectives and objects of research conducted by researchers. While the sample of this research is workers who take accounting courses in the city of Surabaya. In this study the results of the analysis of the factors formed by 3 variables used as factors in the selection of accountants' careers are financial rewards, professional recognition and social values. The factor that shows the dominant value in choosing an accountant's career is financial rewards.

SOCIAL POLICY IN THE DISCOURSE OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE SNAP ELECTION TO THE VERKHOVNA RADA IN 2014

The article describes the political parties' approach to implementing the state's social policy during the snap election to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine in 2014. A discursive dimension of political parties' activities in the area of social policy was studied. Specific examples have shown political parties as a subject of social policy formation. It was found out that the events of the Revolution of Dignity and the beginning of Russia's military aggression against Ukraine forced Ukrainian politicians to reconsider existing approaches to the formation of party programs. The author analyzed the reflection of social policy in the election programs of the parties that had formed parliamentary groups: «Blok Petra Poroshenka «Solidarnist», «Narodnyi front», Radykalnoi partii Oleha Liashka, «Opozytsiinyi blok», «Obiednannia «Samopomich», «Vseukrainskoho obiednannia «Batkivshchyna». Domestic political events were reflected in the party's discourse on social policy, shifting the priorities in the election programs of political forces in the direction of security policy, improving defense capabilities, and fighting corruption. The main tendencies related to the change of political parties' approaches to forming state social policy are revealed. Dominating the liberal approach to social policy issues in parliamentary parties' programs was aimed at reducing the state's role. At the same time, the speeches of political forces on social policy were mostly full of populist slogans and, in most cases, did not contain any specifics, including ways to solve social problems in society. Trying to get as much electoral support as possible, politicians did not bother to develop real program steps in the social sphere. Instead, the social sphere problems, which had a systemic character, were not solved based on a clear "road map" of actions. The discourse of the political parties participating in the election race, which eventually formed the parliament, did not present a comprehensive program for forming and implementing social policy in the new political environment. Keywords: political parties, social policy, social state, Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, political discourse.

Paradigm shift and challenges in IoT security

All Our world is experiencing major technological changes and this time it is cantered not on internet but Internet of Things. Actually, Internet of Things is sincere effort to connect all unconnected especially smart objects by doing so human wants to challenge their own way of thinking that shouldn’t all objects be connected to one central network and among themselves so that as human we can control them all. So, paradigm is let us provide capability of objects to exhibit the ability to communicate to each other as well to one central system thus to human beings. This effort would certainly bring new improvements and efficiency in our lives. It is this very premise behind Internet of Things (IoT) that would see new transformation and revolution in industrial world from manufacturing, logistics and supply chain in current industrial world of 4.0 and future newer versions. Over last few decades Information Technology (IT) has been witnessing strong and active cyberattacks and creating protection threats to the cyber security networks. Information Technology industry has learnt lot from these threats and have also documented them to find right and appropriate solutions. In contrast Operational Technology environment surrounding Information Technology were kept in abeyance in many organizations. Thus one hardly finds history and documentation of cyberattacks systems built around operational technology. This also makes fewer learning opportunities and record of catalogued incidents and their corresponding risk mitigation strategy not rich in record. It is worth knowing that the world of operational technology addresses wider scope and higher depth in comparison to Information technology. In Operational Technology the word security and safety are synonymous with each other. It is reality that many of the industrial security standard also incorporate equipment, instruments and safety recommendation by experts thus lay the foundation of IoT security. This paper provides a historical perspective of Operational Technology security, the security system measure, how over a period of last few decades the subject matter has evolved, what are few of the real challenges industry is facing. The final phase of paper focuses on some of the real practical measures and steps have been to taken to in creating more safe and secure industrial environment including best practices in creating synergy between Information Technology networks security and old aged legacy industrial environments.

A 3D Iris Scanner From a Single Image Using Convolutional Neural Networks

A 3D model of the human iris provides an additional degree of freedom in iris recognition, which could help identify people in larger databases, even when only a piece of the iris is available. Previously, we reported developing a 3D iris scanner that uses 2D images of the iris from multiple perspectives to reconstruct a 3D model of the iris. This paper focuses on the development of a 3D iris scanner from a single image by means of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The method is based on a depth-estimation CNN for the 3D iris model. A dataset of 26,520 real iris images from 120 subjects, and a dataset of 72,000 synthetic iris images with their aligned depthmaps were created. With these datasets, we trained and compared the depth estimation capabilities of available CNN architectures. We analyzed the performance of our method to estimate the iris depth in multiple ways: using real step pyramid printed 3D models, comparing the results to those of a test set of synthetic images, comparing the results to those of the OCT scans from both eyes of one subject, and generating the 3D rubber sheet from the 3D iris model proving the correspondence with the resulting 2D rubber sheet and binary codes. On a preliminary test the proposed 3D rubber sheet model increased iris recognition performance by 48% with respect to the standard 2D iris code. Other contributions include assessing the scanning resolution, reducing the acquisition and processing time to produce the 3D iris model, and reducing the complexity of the image acquisition system.

Two decades of diplomatic representation of the Slovak Republic in the world – political-geographic perspective

The aim of the paper is political-geographical evaluation of the institutional representation of the Slovak Republic abroad. The geographical (complex) point of view on the foreign policy and localisation of the embassies significantly influence the way of understanding the nature of the network of diplomatic representation of the small state in central Europe. In the first section, we compare and evaluate government documents regarding the establishing, cancellation, or planning of the Slovak embassies in the world in three main periods. Subsequently, we compare official data with the real steps of diplomacy and the government of the Slovak Republic, especially in terms of time and space. In the next section, we point out the other diplomatic representations and their progressive increase. The last section identifies and defines the main factors affecting spatial changes in the localisation of the Slovak embassies abroad by most frequently mentioned reasons in government documents. We pointed out embassies and their effectiveness by economic relations, tourists and other factors. This article is a contribution to the Slovak political geography and the evidence of the undoubtable role of geography in foreign political decisions on the example of the embassy network of the Slovak Republic.

Features of the Time Perspective in Adolescents with Health Disabilities

The time prospective can be described as relation of a human being to his personal past, present and future. The time prospective determines the level of personal psychological health exercising influence upon self-efficiency of the human being, his readiness to overcome difficulties. A constructive solution of the identity crisis in adolescent age is not possible without understanding the dynamic changes and their connection with life events during various time periods. Solution of self-determination tasks, including those in terms of professional becoming presupposes the skills of setting prospective goals and of planning real steps in their implementation. The article examines the differences of perceiving time with the adolescents with health disabilities and the adolescents having normal health indicators. It analyses the inter-time ties, the order of priorities in time setups, the calendar periods of time prospective, the positive and negative motivational objects. The characteristics of adolescents with health disabilities depends on various indicators, and the determining indicator is the health defect which specifies the dependence of the individuals present and future activity.

Assessment of the rheological properties and bread characteristics obtained by innovative protein sources (Cicer arietinum, Acheta domesticus, Tenebrio molitor): Novel food or potential improvers for wheat flour?

The emerging demand for protein with a reduced environmental impact is currently the biggest challenge in food production. From this perspective, the first aim was to assess differences between dough rheological properties and bread characteristics as a function of two factors: flour type (mealworm flour (Tenebrio molitor), cricket flour (Acheta domesticus), and chickpea flour (Cicer arietinum)) and percentage of substitution (5%, 10%, and 15%). The second aim was to investigate the extent of any improvement compared to the control (100% wheat flour). Crude protein, moisture, fat, ashes and carbohydrates were determined. Substitution with both insect and chickpea flours significantly affected dough rheological properties and bread characteristics. In particular, substitution with 15% cricket flour increased dough stability and reduced the degree of softening. However, substitution with chickpea flour at 5% proved optimal. Notably, dough stability improved and bread volume increased. The results confirm that cricket flour could be used to obtain bread enriched in protein. Moreover, substitution with 5% chickpea flour was optimal to improve breadmaking. A real step forward could be made in food production, by adopting this unusual mix of tradition (rediscovering legumes) and innovation (the use of insects), improving bakery products and reducing environmental impacts.

Hierarchical quasi waxberry-like Ba5Si8O21 microspheres: Facile green rotating hydrothermal synthesis, formation mechanism and high adsorption performance for Congo red

Towards the imperative water contamination by organic dyes, uniform hierarchical quasi waxberry-like Ba5Si8O21 microspheres (diameter: 0.65–1.30 µm) consisted of nanorods have been successfully synthesized via a facile eco-friendly and cost-effective rotating hydrothermal process (120 °C, 6.0 h) without any organic additives, templates or surfactants, using abundant BaCl2·2H2O and Na2SiO3·9H2O as the raw materials. Based on the impacts of the process parameters, a probable heat and mass transport enhanced rotating hydrothermal formation mechanism is proposed. The rotating homogeneous hydrothermal reactor provides vigorous macro- and micro-mixing of the solid and solution phase, thus favors the early stage dissolution-recrystallization, formation of the product nuclei at lower temperature, and final self-assembly for uniform waxberry-like microspheres with miniaturization of size. When employed as the adsorbents for the elimination of Congo red (CR) from simulated waste water, the adsorption data are well fitted with Langmuir isothermal model (qm: 1238.7 mg g−1). Meanwhile, the adsorption of CR is well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and intra-particle diffusion models, indicating the final diffusion at equilibrium stage within the mesopores of the real rate-limiting step in the whole adsorption process. The recycling test further confirms the Ba5Si8O21 microspheres as highly efficient adsorbents with satisfactory stability and reusability. As a noteworthy methodology, the heat and mass transport enhanced rotating hydrothermal synthesis presents new insights into the hierarchical porous silicate microspheres as a competitive candidate adsorbent for organic dyes removal, and also a potential new platform for heterogeneous catalysis.

Innovation Design Development of Citizenship Education Model on Characters of Indonesian Communities in Digital Media Era and Technology Revolution

Increasing independence and competitiveness of the nation is carried out in order to advance the Indonesian civilization. One of them is through the development of a national system of science, and technology in Citizenship Education. Citizenship Education is one of the subjects that shape the character of Indonesian society. The long-term goals to be achieved in this study are as follows: the researcher found a developmental design of Citizenship Education Learning Model to improve the character of Indonesian society in the era of digital media and the Revolution of Technology. The research method used research and development which is a research method used to yield certain products and to test the validity and the effectiveness of the products. This study used a procedural development model. The procedure in this study adapted the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate). The sample in this study involved State and Private Universities in Indonesia. The results of the study show the following: First, doing a need analysis, identifying problems (needs), and performing task analysis; Second, Design, this design phase, formulated SMART learning objective; Third, Development was realizing blue-print with digital media innovation; Fourth, Implementation was a real step to implement the learning system that we were making; Fifth, Evaluation was a process to see whether the learning system being built was successful, in accordance with early expectations or not. The evaluation was the final way from the design model of the ADDIE learning system. Based on the instructional development model ADDIE, it was then adopted in the developmental stage of the Citizenship Education learning model, with the modification of "MPC" (Modification of Project Citizen) which has adopted the absorption of digital media and the technological revolution.

Effectiveness of Realia Media: A Case Study in SMP Negeri 1 Likupang Barat as a Partner in KKN-PPM Program

Communities in Talise Island face various problems, indeed children which has an impact on the high level of school dropouts. Children after school must help the work of parents who generally work as traditional farmers, breeder, or fishermen. Other factors that influence the dropout rate are the learning process and infrastructure which can be said is below national standards. To help alleviate the problems, an activity called Kuliah Kerja Nyata – Pembelajaran Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (KKN-PPM) has been carried out to reduce the number of school dropouts. The real steps taken are to optimize the utilization of existing infrastructure of SMP Negeri 1 Likungan Barat which has a land area of about 2 hectares for livestock farming and revitalize the learning process in schools by applying learning media suitable for the situation and conditions. Through this KKN-PPM activity, college students from the educational study program have implemented media realia in the learning process. Realia media are assistive devices or real objects that are used as teaching materials that can be presented in classrooms or observed directly according to their location outside the classroom. This article will describe the effectiveness of using realia media in SMP Negeri 1 Likupang Barat.