Real Estate Transactions Research Articles

From whom and for what? Deforestation in Dry Chaco from local-urban inhabitants’ perception

To meet the global-human population increase, deforestation resulting from agriculture expansion threatens the ecological and social dimensions of subtropical and tropical forests. Here, we identified classes of agricultural frontiers in the Dry Chaco ecoregion based on land-use changes between 2000 and 2013, in which we performed interviews and quantified local-urban people's perception regarding (1) main drivers of deforestation, (2) main actors responsible for it, and (3) if deforestation drivers impact positive or negatively on their welfare. Whereas in early frontier’ stages (i.e. new and incipient-active frontiers) the drivers perceived as responsible for deforestation were forest exploitation and real-estate transactions, in a later stage (i.e. active-frontier class) global agribusiness and livestock emerged. In mature-frontier stages, only cropland replacement was perceived as responsible. Across all agricultural-frontier classes, extra-regional people were the most pointed as responsible for deforestation, but governments were mentioned concerning weak policies and absence of plans. Global agribusiness was the driver most mentioned as impacting positively and negatively on local-urban people’s welfare, mostly related to job opportunities. This likely reflects that not all the population can take part in the economy boosted by commodities production. The identification of stages of agriculture-frontiers resulted in a simple and rigorous classification that could allow predicting social-ecological trajectories.

International Legal and Economic Aspects of Real Estate Turnover in the EAEU Member States

The article analyzes the current state of the civil circulation of real estate within the Eurasian Economic Union as a supranational formation, examines the legal basis for the international turnover of real estate, as well as identifies legal problems.Aim. Suggest the best ways to solve the problems of international turnover of real estate within the Eurasian Economic Union.Tasks. To determine the legal basis for the regulation of international turnover of real estate within the EAEU, to analyze the state of the real estate market within the EAEU, as well as to identify legal problems that hinder the development of these social relations.Methods. In this research we used methods of comparative law, methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as methods of deduction and induction.Results. In the course of the research the authors conclude that there are some problematic aspects of both national and international regulation in the field of international real estate transactions. These problems are expressed in the absence of uniform norms governing the procedure for certifying real estate transactions, as well as in the absence of a unified legal mechanism for such transactions.Conclusion. As a result of analysis of problems of current legislation, the authors propose ways to solve them by creating a uniform (unified) rules in the field of notarization of real estate transactions within the Eurasian Economic Union.

Features of protection of the rights of the buyer of residential premises with the participation of a minor in the transaction

Changes in social and economic relations in society have affected the rights of certain categories of citizens-minors, the protection of whose rights is a priority. In transactions with residential premises, the protection of the rights of minors is also a priority. However, this approach has created a situation where the weak side in real estate transactions is another entity – the buyer, whose position has become vulnerable. As a result of the conducted research, individual situations in which there is a violation of the rights of the child are identified. The rights of the child are exercised by his legal representatives, and therefore a transaction made in violation of the law is recognized as contrary to the foundations of order and morality. This entails the recognition of the transaction as invalid and the consequences in the form of bilateral restitution, which violates the right and legitimate interests of the buyer in a real estate transaction. If the legal representative has no funds or their insufficiency by the time the transaction is declared invalid, the court decision regarding the full refund of funds will remain unfulfilled, and the buyer's rights are violated.

ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ СФЕРИ БУДІВНИЦТВА В АСПЕКТІ ВІЙСЬКОВОЇ АГРЕСІЇ РОСІЇ

The article is devoted to the identification of modern problems and the determination of the potential for restoration of enterprises in the field of construction in Ukraine during the military aggression of russia. The authors identified the main problems associated with the process of restoration of Ukraine after the end of hostilities. It has been proven that the main participants in this process will be construction companies, namely enterprises manufacturing building materials. The article also describes the general state of the business environment, while the authors used various indices, in particular the Business Activity Index, which shows business activity, its ability to increase turnover, create jobs, etc. It is worth noting that the authors of the work managed to establish that the state of enterprises in Ukraine varies significantly depending on the region, size and industry, which should be taken into account when forming a strategy for supporting entrepreneurship and rebuilding Ukraine at different levels of management. It has been proven that in the sectoral section: construction and art, sports, entertainment and recreation - 60% have stopped or almost stopped their activities; real estate transactions - about 55% The priority of problems for enterprises in the construction sector has been established. The main ones include: rising prices for raw materials and materials; supply of critical infrastructure services; logistics Summarizing and comparing the problems identified during surveys using different methods showed that they are correlated with each other. In general, based on the research, the structure of losses and prospects in the field of construction materials production was formed. In the future, the field of building materials can be considered one of the most promising and rapidly growing, and experts estimate new markets in the millions of dollars. So, the authors have proven that construction enterprises face a large number of problems that are complex in nature, however, they remain the basis for attracting investors who are interested in investing in the production of construction materials and the development of related fields as profitable and dynamically growing.

Empirical Analysis of the Impact of the Great East Japan Earthquake and Effect of Estimated Tsunami Inundation on Real Estate Transactions

Empirical Analysis of the Impact of the Great East Japan Earthquake and Effect of Estimated Tsunami Inundation on Real Estate Transactions

Pediatric youth who have obesity have high rates of adult criminal behavior and low rates of homeownership.

Objectives:The social outcomes in adulthood for pediatric patients with obesity are not well-described. This study investigated lifetime criminal behavior and homeownership in youth with obesity.Methods:Retrospective data on all children enrolled in the weight management program from 1999 to 2009 and who completed exercise testing were collected. Demographic and public record collection included body habitus, death records, real estate transactions, and criminal conviction history with comparisons made to published normative data.Results:In the children with obesity studied (N = 716; 12.0 ± 3.1 years old), the now-adult patients (28.5 ± 3.7 years) had a 1.5% mortality rate (11/716). Overall, 9.6% of these adults were convicted of a felony compared to ~7% lifetime prevalence in Ohio (p = 0.03). Also, 14.7% of study patients purchased a home compared to 38.3% of Midwest adults <30 years old (p < 0.0001). Mortality, history of a criminal conviction, or homeownership was associated with any exercise or study parameter.Conclusion:Children with obesity appear to have greater social risk than their peers in adulthood with higher rates of criminal behavior and lower rates of homeownership. This appears to highlight the need for treatment in this vulnerable group of children and young adults.

On the impact of the registration system on real estate turnover

Certainty of title transfer under the real estate transactions together with the public disclosure of the register of titles on the real estates is declared in the Civil Code of Russia to be a fundamental principle underlying the register of titles under Russian law. But in fact, the public credibility of the registration record is lacking because it is mixed unknowingly by the Russian legislator with the principle of the protection of the bona fide acquirer, which is applied to moveable things. This misunderstanding resulted in a lot of real estate lawsuits, which are almost impossible in Germany. Some other German legal institutions which support the certainty of title, such as the objection to the record in the register and the registration of the priority notice are not borrowed by the Russian legislator in their proper form. All this leads to the credibility gap regarding the data of the register despite the Russian registration system looks like similar to that of Germany.

СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ТА ПРОБЛЕМИ РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА В УКРАЇНІ

The article analyzes entrepreneurship in Ukraine. The number of small and medium-sized business entities is more than 99.9% of all entities, but their contribution to the country's economy is much less than that of large business entities. A significant number of enterprises in Ukraine receive losses (34.8%) and the most unprofitable are small enterprises, including micro-enterprises. Among the enterprises that suffered the most losses in 2020 are enterprises operating in the areas of temporary accommodation and catering, arts, sports, entertainment and recreation, real estate transactions, transport, warehousing, postal and courier activities. The main reason for this result is a pandemic COVID-19. However, some businesses have been less vulnerable: the pharmaceutical and chemical industries, the information technology industries, the financial and healthcare industries. Analysis of the number of small and medium enterprises in Ukraine according to economic activity showed that small business is mainly in the service sector, which requires fast investment, does not require significant investment, has the ability to optimize taxation and it is relatively easy to start a business. The regional distribution of entrepreneurship in Ukraine is uneven; the reasons for its unevenness are historical development and urbanization. The problems hindering the development of entrepreneurship are: the consequences of a pandemic, an unfavorable investment climate, the problem of complexity and uncertainty of legislation, corruption, the lack of a strategy for the development of enterprises in the real sector of the economy (especially industry), the complexity of tax administration, insufficient state support for entrepreneurship, low competition and monopolization of markets, low demand for products, lack of funds for doing business and poor availability of highly qualified personnel. The role of the state is dominant in solving problems. Recommendations for solving problems will help in the successful development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine.

Experimental Research on the Impact of Interest Rate on Real Estate Market Transactions

Based on the close relationship between real estate and capital financing, this paper specifically discusses the impact of interest rate changes in China on real estate market transactions. Housing price regulation has been a hot and focused topic of economics research. It is important to explore the effect of interest rate on real estate market transactions, for the interest rate is an important tool for the government to carry out macrocontrol of the real estate market and affects residents’ consumption choices of goods. Currently, most scholars believe that interest rate changes have a significant impact on house prices, but their studies are often based on empirical analysis of macro data, making it difficult to exclude the effects of economic differences, geographic characteristics, and other factors. Also, some scholars believe that it is difficult for interest rates to have a long‐term impact on real estate prices. This paper applies the experimental economics method to simulate real estate transactions in the real market and control the irrelevant variables to study the movements of housing prices, transaction volumes, consumer transaction intentions and bubble indices under different deposit and lending rates. The results show that: (1) The level of deposit interest rate has a significant inhibitory effect on housing price and a significant promoting effect on real estate market transaction volume and traders’ house‐buying behavior. The higher the level of deposit interest rate is, the better the degree of regulating house prices deviating from the theoretical price is and the better the effect of inhibiting market bubbles. (2) The level of lending rate has a significant inhibiting effect on the volume of real estate transactions and a significant promoting effect on the house‐buying behavior of traders, but its effect on housing prices and market bubbles is not significant. The higher the level of lending rate is, the better the degree of regulating housing prices deviating from the theoretical price is. (3) The effect of deposit interest rate and lending rate policies on the house selling behavior of market traders is not significant.

The Good, the Bad, and the Ordinary: Estimating Agent Value-Added Using Real Estate Transactions

The Good, the Bad, and the Ordinary: Estimating Agent Value-Added Using Real Estate Transactions

Стратегія економічного розвитку малих підприємств

The article defines that small enterprises are an important driving force of economic development. This is proved by the share of such enterprises in the total number of Ukrainian enterprises, namely 95,2 %. However, the analysis of domestic and international research on this topic proves the need for development and growth strategies by such enterprises. Theoretical concepts are defined: strategic management, small business strategy and small business subjects. The normative documents of Ukraine, which regulate the activities of small enterprises, namely the Law of Ukraine “On the development and state support of small and medium-sized enterprises in Ukraine”, the Economic Code of Ukraine, Strategies for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, have been researched. The performance indicators of small business entities in Ukraine during 2016-2020 were analyzed and their number was determined by type of economic activity. By types of economic activity, there are the most small enterprises in the sphere of wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles, agriculture, forestry and fishing, industry and in the sphere of real estate transactions. The toolkit for developing a strategy for the development of small enterprises is presented, which includes the following elements: analysis of the state of a small enterprise (SWOT - analysis for the study of factors that affect the current state of the enterprise); marketing research of external factors and competitors (PESTEL – analysis; ICEDRIPS – analysis); definition of goals, mission of a small enterprise and future plans (Business Model Canvas and value proposition canvas); choosing a strategy; implementation of planned activities and evaluation of the results obtained as part of the implementation of the strategy of a small enterprise. The proposed growth strategies include: market penetration, product expansion, segmentation, Internet marketing, diversification, cost reduction, customer retention, market development or expansion, alternative channels, partnerships, acquisitions, and mergers.

The idea of a city for people as a factor in the localization of protest voting in new residential complexes

The gradual formation of income segregation in the post-Soviet city leads to the localization of protest voting. New residential complexes are significant spatial elements of this process. The new housing attracts citizens with similar income levels and perception of the quality of the living environment, empowering urban segregation. Moreover, the gap between expected and experienced urban life is usually observed in the new housing, supported by frequent practices of deceptive marketing and concluding real estate transactions long before the construction is over. Following that, the discrepancy between the character of the urban environment inside and outside the residential complex forces the localization of protest voting within the new housing. The key concept in explaining that kind of a protest vote localization is “city for people”. The external attributes of the city for people, including safety, accessibility, sustainability, are promoted by developers as part of marketing campaigns and shape a latent demand from the buyers. However, the systematic lack of these claimed elements in new residential complexes leads residents to political protest and focus on the political component of the city for people. Citizens adopt a critical attitude towards the infringement of the rights of residents by developers and urban administration and a request for equal participation in city management. The paper critically observes the case of protest voting in the residential complex «Ya - Romantik» in St Petersburg. The significant lack of infrastructure empowers citizens there to manifest political claims and exercise solidarity. Also the prospective locations of the protest voting are discussed.

Highlights of Lagos State Law for Regulation of Real Estate Transactions

Highlights of Lagos State Law for Regulation of Real Estate Transactions

공인중개사의 개인정보보호법 인식에 관한 연구

Along with the rapid advancement of information society, necessity to protect private information is increasing day by day. In-service licensed real estate agents come to know or collect a variety of private information about those involved in real estate transactions while being engaged in the brokerage. Therefore, it is a crucial part in the brokerage of in-service licensed real estate agents to handle private information and take action for securing the safety of it. The purpose of this study is to employ the approaches of behavioral science and of statistics and analyze and understand the actual status of licensed real estate agents’ awareness of the Personal Information Protection Act. Also, based on that, this researcher intends to draw political implications and present ways to enhance their recognition on private information protection and also efficiency in carrying out the brokerage.

Effect of Real Estate Transaction Electronic Contract System Characteristics on Intention to Use: Mediating effect of perceived usefulness and ease of use

이 연구의 목적은 부동산 전자계약시스템의 특성이 이용의사에 미치는 영향 관계와 그 영향관계에서 인지된 용이성과 유용성은 매개효과가 있는지를 검증하는 것이다. 분석결과, 부동산거래 전자계약시스템특성 중 보안성과 경제&#65381;지속성은 개업공인중개사의 이용의사에 정(+)의 영향관계가 확인되었다. 또한 보안성과 이용의사의 영향관계에서 인지된 용이성과 유용성은 매개효과가 검증되었다. 분석결과를 토대로한 정책적 제언은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 부동산거래 전자계약시스템의 이용활성화를 위해서는 시스템의 보안성이 개선되어야 한다. 둘째, 현재 비대면 계약을 하는 경우 불편한 점과 전자계약시스템 이용시 절차가 복잡한 점 등을 개선하여야 한다. 셋째, 개업공인중개사의 전자계약시스템 활용도를 높이기 위해서는 중개업무가 보다 쉽고, 신속하고 유용하며, 업무성과를 향상시키는 시스템으로 보완되어야 한다. 끝으로, 부동산거래 전자계약시스템에 대한 개업공인중개사 뿐만아니라 국민들을 대상으로 이러한 시스템 도입 취지 및 활용필요성에 대한 대국민 홍보가 요구된다.

Land and mortgage registers as a cornerstone of real estate transactions in Polish law — a historical and legal outline (On the 40th anniversary of the enactment of the Land and Mortgage Registers and Mortgage Act)

With its core purpose of establishing the legal status of immovable property, the system of land and mortgage registers (perpetual books) operating in Poland plays a paramount social and economic role in ensuring legal security of real estate conveyancing, and thereby contributes to implementing the constitutional principle of democratic state ruled by law. The foundations for a uniform land and mortgage register law were laid down in the 1930s by the Codification Commission of the Republic of Poland, appointed after the Polish State regained independence in 1918, following the period of partitions. The works of the Commission were interrupted by the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939. In the early years of the post-war communist regime, the Commission’s draft provisions on land and mortgage registers served as the basis of the unified legislation that entered into force. Shortly thereafter, however, the very usefulness of the institution of land and mortgage register was contested by communist authorities, as it was considered contrary to the ideological assumptions underlying the socialist system. As a consequence, although not abolished, the land and mortgage register law’s relevance was diminished substantially for several decades, as manifested by the fact that it was not incorporated into the Civil Code of 1964. The significance of land and mortgage registers was restored to a certain degree only upon adopting the Land and Mortgage Registers and Mortgage Act of 1982, which, after being appropriately amended, is still in force. Subsequently, land and mortgage registers were subject to systemic reforms as part of the democratic transition process in Poland, and in recent years, advanced computerisation and informatisation actions have been undertaken bringing about noteworthy modernisation effects.&#x0D; In view of the forthcoming 40th anniversary of the enactment of the Land and Mortgage Registers and Mortgage Act, it is worth providing deeper insights into contemporary Polish land and mortgage register law against the historical background. The article is aimed at outlining the evolution of legislative and doctrinal approaches to the position of land and mortgage registers in the legal system in Poland — from the period of the interwar Codification Commission’s activity, through the decades of the totalitarian domination of the communist system, until the present time. In this respect, particular reference will be made to basic rules underpinning the organisation of land and mortgage registers. Based on the overview of the development of land and mortgage register law, with special consideration of its legislative marginalisation in the People’s Republic of Poland, conclusions will be drawn as to the current legal position of land and mortgage registers in the context of recognising the vital importance thereof for property law relations.

The Application of Digital Intelligence to Real Estate Technology Service Quality: A Conceptual Model

The occurrence of this present global pandemic has further heightenedthe need for the full adoption and maximisation of digital technologies service-related activities within the built environment. For instance, the disruption in real estate transactions has since demanded digital technologies in its service delivery. Withthe adoption of real estate technologies (such as artificial intelligence, lease extraction technologies, Internet of Things, property passports, machine learning, automated valuation model, blockchain, and smart contracts, among others) for the global best practice, digital competencies, skills and attitudes are needed by real estate service providers to sustain the future of real estate transaction in the service industry. The new concept of digital intelligence is a set of skills needed by real estate service providers to meet digital technologies' demand in real estate transactions and the digital world's challenges. Incorporating this concept in real estate technology service quality would help fulfil customers’ satisfaction, commitment, and retention in the service delivery. Therefore, this article is pertinent to review service quality models relevant to real estate service and develop a useful service quality model using digital intelligence in service delivery.

Information Opportunities of Administrative Data on Residential Real Estate Transactions for Calculating the House Prices in Russia’s Housing Market

Purpose of the study. Development, justification and testing of a methodology for improving statistical monitoring of average prices in the Russian housing market, based on the use of registration information of the Unified State Register of Real Estate (USRN) on transactions for the purchase of residential real estate, in accordance with international statistical standards for Residential Property Price statistics.Materials and methods. The theoretical basis of the study was the United Nations system of national accounts (version of 2008), including the European system of accounts as amended in 2010. The research methodological base was made up of official statistical sources: metadata and international statistics guidelines in the field of national accounting, Handbook on Residential Property Price Indices and related housing indicators, as well as methodological provisions and an album of Rosstat forms, and methodological materials of the administrative statistics of the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography of the Russian Federation (Rosreestr). The depersonalized registration data on households’ market transactions of the Unified State Register of Property Rights and Transactions maintaining by Rosreestr were used as an information database of the research.Results. The main result of the study is the design and substantiation of a system of indicators for the construction of an integrated information source for Residential Property Price statistics, on the base on interdepartmental information interaction.Conclusion. The proposed system of indicators will provide a highquality database that could be used in order to construct constant quality House Prices for various types of homogeneous residential property in the housing market, complying with the concepts of international statistical standards.

Regulation of English-Welsh property law in context of principles of Torrens system

The article presents the main principles of English-Welsh land law, connected to protection of real estate transactions, based on land registration. The main aim is to research similarities and differences of this regulation with the three major principles of Torrens system formulated by T. Rouff – the mirror principle, the curtain principle and the insurance principle.

The internal market freedoms and the restrictions of agricultural property trade

This article aimed to outline the relationship between the freedoms of the internal market and agricultural real estate transactions in the Member States of the European Union. National regulations limiting the possibility of agricultural property acquisition are often considered as violations of European law. However, restrictions can be justified by the reasons listed in the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and mandatory requirements. Moreover, nowadays, it is necessary to find the most appropriate response to natural habitat devastation. A proper land economy can have a tremendous role in preserving the planet; therefore, it seems that every analysis of national restrictions must include the impact of the laws on the environment.