Real Entity Research Articles

“Medical Student Syndrome”—A Myth or a Real Disease Entity? Cross-Sectional Study of Medical Students of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland

: BackgroundThe description of Medical Student Syndrome is based on the assumption that inexperienced medical students are prone to develop a pathological fear of medical conditions they are taught about. The aim of this study is to examine the sample of students (medical and non-medical) in order to assess and compare their level of hypochondriacal attitudes and health-related anxiety. We also examined other factors which might have had an influence on hypochondria and nosophobia attitudes among students. Methods: The study was conducted in two groups of students: 313 medical students at the Medical University of Silesia and 293 students at non-medical universities in Katowice, Poland. The study used the medical student syndrome self-explanatory questionnaire constructed for the study, taking into account the specificity of the group and the research problem. The research questionnaire was completed in an online survey by 606 students. Results: The results of the study showed that medical students obtained the same scores on a nosophobic scale as the non-medical students (p = 0.5). The analysis of hypochondriacal behavior showed significantly higher results in the non-medical student group (p = 0.02). In the entire study group, females and participants with mental disorders obtained higher scores in relation to nosophobia. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were more common in the group of medical students. Conclusions: Medical studies are not a risk factor for the occurrence of health anxiety and hypochondrial attitudes. Such factors are female gender and having a mental illness.

Antecedents of Deviant Behavior: Psychological and Non-Psychological Factors and Ethical Justifications

An integrative model of ethical justifications in organizations is proposed. The model recognizes the roles of psychological and non-psychological factors on the link between ethical theories and the ethical reasoning and, consequently, on the way operators justify themselves when accused of being against (or not favoring) the good of the company. This study wants to contribute to highlighting the benefits of the prevention of deviant behavior through a more profound comprehension of its antecedents. The analysis confirms the complexity of human beings, and the need for an integrated approach that leads to clarity and coherence among tools (e.g. mission, code of ethics, incentive system), people and among both people and tools. A central role is played by the dissemination of a culture that considers the firm as a real entity, with its own interest, that is separated from that of its stakeholders and which brings the purpose of the common good.

Pearls: How (and Why) to Use Participatory Language When Communicating with Patients About Osteoarthritis.

Pearls: How (and Why) to Use Participatory Language When Communicating with Patients About Osteoarthritis.

A Hybrid VAE Based Network Embedding Method for Biomedical Relation Mining

Mining biomedical entity association and extracting the implicit knowledge from biomedical entity relation networks are important for precision medicine. In this paper, we propose a novel method for implicit relation mining from biomedical multi-entity network. In the embedding part, we combine two kinds of model (1) the graph representation learning model like GraphGAN and (2) the network embedding model like VAE based SDNE, to construct a hybrid model GVS. In the prediction part, the positive samples selected from original network and the negative samples generated by ranking meta-paths are used to train kNN. To evaluate the performances of GVS, we compare the proposed method with three state-of-the-art methods (Katz, Catapult and IMC) on benchmark datasets. Moreover, we evaluate GVS on a real biomedical entity relation network, it shows advantages compared with other network embedding methods and successfully mines implicit relationships which validated by PubMed.

An Emerging Clinical Form of Acute Pancreatitis in Covid-19

Background: As the global severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic continues, new clinical forms of the disease continue to emerge. While the coronavirus is responsible for gastrointestinal symptoms and acute hepatitis, researchers at the Royal University Hospital of Liverpool say they have identified cases of COVID-19-linked pancreatitis in young patients with COVID-19. Objectives: To establish influence of concomitant COVID-19 on clinical presentation and treatment strategy of patients with AP. Methods: This is a case report of pediatric patient admitted to a Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, A. Harouchi Hospital, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco in October 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: We report the observation of a 16-year-old girl, who received symptomatic outpatient treatment for influenza-like illness with a fever of 38.5°C before rapidly evolving in 1 week to stage E pancreatitis, where a SARS-COV2 IgG and IgM viral serology was requested coming back positive with a negative nasopharyngeal PCR covid. Conclusion: In conclusion, pancreatitis caused by SARS-CoV-2 is a real but rare entity; in fact COVID-19 can present as pancreatitis. This case highlights acute pancreatitis as a complication associated with COVID-19 and underlines the importance of measuring pancreas-specific plasma amylase in patients with COVID-19 and abdominal pain. This diagnosis is important for adequate treatment and better management of systemic repercussions, such as SIRS, decreasing SARS-CoV-2 mortality.

BEHAVIORAL FINANCE: CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT OF APPROACHES

This article examines the origins of behavioral finance and the influence on it of other fields of science, primarily behavioral economics, psychology, neurobiology, as well as traditional modern finance and behavioral science in general. The article also outlines the main findings and theories underlying behavioral finance, including a detailed explanation of the individual biases and irrational behavior identified. It is about, for example, misinterpreted randomness, bias, overconfidence, and lack of response that underlie this science, as well as the major theories. Behavioral finance has experienced explosive growth over the past half century as it has studied the impact of cognitive-psychological biases on investors' financial decisions. Behavioral finance, which takes into account the intricacies of human behavior, derives and formulates the most common biases or behavioral models, developing models that take into account the real economic entity with all its inherent irrationality.

CONRAD-MARTIUS: BEING, ESSENCE, EXISTENCE. IN DISCUSSION WITH ARISTOTLE’S, AQUINAS’ AND HUSSERL’S ONTOLOGIES AND METAPHYSICS

The article deals with Conrad-Martius’ conception of being and existence and explores it by contrasting it with the conceptions of Aristotle, Aquinas and Husserl within the framework of their respective ontologies and metaphysics. The article delves into the problems of both the hypostatization and the origin of being in particular. I claim that the hypostatization of being does not concern the Sachverhalt, as Jean Wahl claims, but the noema itself insofar as intentionality transcends what is constituted by consciousness and grasps the essence of the substance itself, whose existence is not absolutely but hypothetically posited. I will further show that even though Conrad-Martius rejects the transcendental reduction, she accepts the eidetic reduction and the positing of a sphere of original and given facts, which are not only absolutely given to consciousness, but also self-grounded and self-sustained. Conrad-Martius’ research traces the origin of these back to a transphysical realm, thus revealing the grounds for the Husserlian sphere of primal facts, which itself remains beyond the reach of phenomenological reflection. Hence Conrad-Martius’ and Husserl’s investigations encounter and complement each other at the point where the real bursts into reality and becomes available to consciousness. These reflections are organized as follows: The first part presents Conrad-Martius’ conception of a real-ontological phenomenology in order to examine her criticism of Husserl’s transcendental reduction. The second part deals with her real-ontological conception of the essence of reality or the “real-reality” and its hypothetically posed existence. The third part concerns the conceptions of being, analogia essendi and categorial being with recourse to Aristotle, Aquinas and Husserl and sets these in relation to Conrad-Martius’ own conception. The fourth part deals with her own understanding of the analogia essendi and of real being in order to shed light on the claim concerning the hypostatization of being. The fifth part explores Husserl’s positing of a sphere of primal facticity, Conrad-Martius’ conception of a real entity and its origin in a transphysical realm. The article finally summarizes the main results of these reflections.

Financial Leverage, Taxation, and the Maximization of Investment Value

This paper uses a model of value maximization to derive a condition for the optimal amount of financial leverage to maximize the value of equity for a real estate investment entity. Both untaxed entities and taxed entities have a strong incentive to use financial leverage. If investment returns are taxed at a rate that is lower than the rate at which interest payments can be deducted, the value-maximizing scale of investment is larger than in the absence of taxation. The example of a mezzanine loan added to a base loan is included.

Arabic real time entity resolution using inverted indexing

Arabic datasets that have two or more records for the same world entity (i.e. person, object, etc.) make institutions suffer from low quality and degraded performance due to duplication in their Arabic datasets without having any mechanism for detecting these duplicates. The operation that distinguishes records for the same real-world entity is called Entity Resolution (ER). It is considered as a tool for linking records across databases as well as for matching query records with existing databases in real-time. Indexing is a major step in the ER process that aims at reducing the search space. Several indexing techniques are available for use with the ER process in general for English Databases. However, such techniques are not validated if they work well with other languages, such as Arabic. The Dynamic Similarity Aware Inverted Index (DySimII) is one of the indexing techniques that are utilized with dynamic databases to match query records in real time and is demonstrated to work well with English language. In this paper, we propose a framework—Arabic Real Time Entity Resolution (ARTER)—that uses DySimII with Arabic databases to perform real time ER. We also examine using different string similarity functions required for comparing records in the matching process for the aim of evaluating which similarity function is more suitable for comparing Arabic strings. A real-world Arabic database is used to conduct our experimental evaluation where two stemmers and three similarity functions are used to see the effect on DySimII with Arabic dataset. The results represent that matching accuracy is improved using Asem stemmer when the number of corrupted attributes is increased, also testing the three similarity functions show that using winkler similarity function provides better matching accuracy while N-gram provides better results when used with Asem stemmer.

The Santa Claus deception: The ethics of educator involvement

For centuries, Santa Claus has proved to be a pervasive, persistent and influential mythic figure who dominates children’s lives for several weeks each year. But unlike most other fantasy figures, Santa Claus is presented as a real entity, a feat achieved through the widespread deception of children. This deception primarily involves a child’s family, but is also encouraged and maintained by wider society and its institutions. That educators could involve themselves in such a deception seems particularly controversial. Given their role as providers of epistemic goods, it appears like a dereliction of duty for them to seemingly encourage credulity and to deceive their students to maintain their false beliefs. However, I argue that there are epistemic benefits that can reaped by children through their experience of believing in Santa Claus and the process of independently disabusing themselves of these beliefs. For these benefits to be attained, educators must reluctantly engage in low-level paternalistic deception to keep their students in the dark about the truth, before then actively helping them to learn important epistemic lessons and foster key intellectual virtues as a result of their experiences. This justifies educators’ modest involvement in the Santa Claus deception.

Transactive Energy Based Aggregation of Prosumers as a Retailer

The rapid growth of distributed energy resources results in the proliferation of prosumers at the distribution level, who can both produce and consume energy. In order to harvest benefits of aggregation to obtain revenues in wholesale market and encourage direct interactions among prosumers and other flexible players at the same time, this paper proposes an aggregation framework for prosumers based on transactive energy, in which prosumers aggregate and trade in an independent, proactive and privacy-preserved manner without relying on a real central entity, while other flexible players could be benefited equally. The aggregation of prosumers as a whole behaves as a retailer that trades in wholesale market and towards end-users in retail market. Therefore, the problem is generalized as a bi-level multi-leader multi-follower game in which prosumers are leaders and end-users are followers. To realize the transactive energy based trading framework, an inner-outer iteration approach is proposed, where the outer iteration involves interactions among prosumers and end-users, and achieves final results including the retail price and optimal behaviors of all players. The inner iteration is conducted during each time of the outer iteration to solve end-users' optimal consuming profiles. The whole iteration process involves the independent decision makings of players, and only relies on exchange of information of retail price and prosumers' offers instead of players' private information. Case studies are then carried out demonstrating the proposed transactive energy based aggregation framework for prosumers could decrease the retail price, increase revenues for both prosumers and end-users, and reduce the peak load.

ОБОДНОЙСТРАТЕГИИИННОВАЦИОННОГОРАЗВИТИЯПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ,СТОЯЩЕГОНАСТРАЖЕЛЕКАРСТВЕННОЙБЕЗОПАСНОСТИСТРАНЫ

The proposed article is devoted to certain aspects of measuring the effectiveness of implementation development strategies of the economic subject. One of the enterprise-specific structures of St. Petersburg, operating in the format of small and medium-sized businesses for a long time on the market of biomedical and pharmaceutical products of the Northern capital, was chosen as the object of research. The studied company in its market activity adheres to the innovative path of development, which requires the attraction of significant investment influences, including state organizational and financial support. To implement the existing plans of the enterprise, the authors of the study developed a strategy of innovative development for three years, taking intoaccount the peculiarities of the formation of prices for medicines produced by the business structure. For obvious reasons, the authors assigned the company name “ABC” to the real economic entity. This company is part of the St. Petersburg medical-pharmaceutical cluster and successfully works on the production sites of the Special Economic Zone of the Technological and Innovative Type (SEZ TVT).

Cancer of Unknown Primary Site: Real Entity or Misdiagnosed Disease?

Metastasis is a late event in the progression of any tumour. However, invasive cancers are occasionally detected in the form of metastatic lesions without a clearly detectable primary tumour. Cancer of unknown primary site (CUP) is defined as a confirmed metastatic tumour, with unknown primary tumour site, despite the standardized diagnostic approach that includes clinical history, routine laboratory tests, and complete physical examination. Due to the lack of basic research on its primary causes, CUP is appropriately termed an 'orphan' cancer. Nevertheless, CUP accounts for 2-5% of diagnosed malignancies. To date, it is unclear whether CUP is an entity with primary dormancy as its hallmark or an entity with genetic abnormalities that cause it to manifest as a primary metastatic disease. In this review, we discuss different aspects of CUP, including its current diagnostic methods, angiogenesis effectors, relationship with cancer stem cells and current treatments.

Puisi Sufistik Jalaludin Rumi Tentang Makna Kematian (Analisis Psikoanalisis Jacques Lacan Pada Makna Kematian)

The Sufistic poem Jalaludin Rumi signals the living creature that death is a real entity. However, death is illustrated as a pleasant experience for believers, a last resort to the creator. Death is not frightening, but "death" is a symbolic message of desire in the next life by improving our attitudes and behavior. While in the poetry of Rumi the discourse of "Death" has a double dimension: in psychoanalysis the dimension of self (self) which performs self-identification becomes a passive-narcissistic desire, and in ethical-social discourse becomes a social self (collective subject), but the latter never happens because the real never identifies: free subjects never materialize. In the real world, the subject's desires are not satisfied. The meaning of death is always symbolized in the form of "burial" so that humans are defined if death is something scary.

Non-Reductive Supervenience of Self or Persons - A Critique of Buddhist Reductionist Stance

Whenever someone asks me, “What is your name?” I’m confused. The reason for this conundrum is the fundamental frameworks of Buddhist philosophy. The ‘conventional’ answer to this question is: I’m abc. Buddhists, in fact, agree with this answer. They accept that conventionally I’m abc and it is due to successful practice of answering this question multiple times in my life that it has become conventional truth. Ultimately, we’re aggregates of fundamental elements who have intrinsic nature of their own. In the Buddhist framework, the answer to the question what is your name is: conventionally, I’m abc but ultimately I don’t exist because I’m dependent upon lower level phenomenon to exist. Anything that has an independent existence has intrinsic nature. In this case, abc is dependent upon aggregates, therefore it is not independent and hence not an ultimately real entity. The question that arises: what is ultimately real. The aggregates? Yes, since they’re not dependent upon anything. Nāgārjuna complicates this. He says there is nothing in the world that has an independent existence. These ‘ultimately’ real entities also depend upon other entities to exist. Hence, all entities are empty of svabhāva or intrinsic nature (Garfield 318). The homogenous entity abc is a mental construction but since it has utility, one can use it. In this way, Buddhists believe in ontological reductionism. In the paper, I question Buddhist reductionist stance in the case of Self or persons with non-reductive supervenience using Nāgārjuna’s arguments and Hillary Putnam’s views on causal pluralism.

Digital Twins: Bridging Physical Space and Cyberspace

A digital twin is a digital model of a real entity, the physical twin (such as an object, a process, or a complex aggregation). It is both a digital shadow reflecting the status/operation of its physical twin and a digital thread recording the evolution of the physical twin over time.

When Myth Invents the World: Imagined and Deconstructed Nations in Günter Grass’ Ein weites Feld and Philip Roth’s American Pastoral

As a result of the paradigm shift from the ontology era to the deconstruction era, the concept of national identity in humanities is today conceived not as a real entity, but rather as a social construction, imagined by people through national myths. National myths can be defined as ideal and/or ideological narrations, producing a peaceful image of the national community that does not correspond to socio-historical reality. Through Francesco Orlando’s Freudian theoretical framework, the article tackles this problem in relation to its literary representation in Grass’ Ein weites Feld (1995) andPhilip Roth’s American Pastoral (1997), showing different degrees of the deconstruction of nations in the literary field.

CSR and tax: a study in the transition from an ‘aggregate’ to ‘real entity’ view of corporations

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to empirically test whether corporates, via publicly disclosed sentiment and in response to government initiatives such as domestic corporate tax reform measures that address transparency, are beginning to view tax as a fourth dimension of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Design/methodology/approach To determine whether corporate attitudes towards tax are changing, representations about the corporate entity by a variety of stakeholders and through numerous channels were analysed using Leximancer software. These representations were in response to four distinct Australian domestic tax reform measures instituted during and subsequent to the Australian Government Senate Inquiry into corporate tax avoidance. The use of Leximancer, a data-analysis and mapping software that automates the coding of document text, delineates concepts and identifies themes, is well suited to the nature and size of the data used (Lodhia and Martin, 2011) and ensures the validity and reliability of the results (Dumay, 2014). Findings This paper provides evidence on the efficacy of global and domestic tax-reform measures that target tax avoidance through transparency. This is demonstrated by a progressive change in corporate attitudes towards tax and suggests a transition, albeit nascent, from the aggregate view to the real entity view of a corporation. As such, this study provides evidence of the inception of a corporate conscience when it comes to tax, whereby tax is instituted as a fourth dimension of CSR. Research limitations/implications Using a theoretical framework which adopts the historically accepted views of the firm, the authors argue that a shift from the aggregate view to the real entity view of a corporation will have the following implications: an expansion of the dimensional factors of CSR (economic, social, environmental and tax); a new standard or definition of corporate responsibility which encompasses both legal and moral considerations and has transparency at its core (Narotzki, 2016); and a new outlook where consumers realise that they have the power to influence and demand action from corporates. Originality/value This paper uses state-of-the-art software to empirically test the efficacy of global and domestic tax reform measures that target transparency, ultimately providing evidence supporting the adoption of these measures and the recognition of a new dimension of CSR, tax.

Framing multiple sclerosis under a polysomnographic perspective.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a mainly demyelinating, autoimmune, and disabling neurological disease. In addition to well-known clinically evident symptoms such as coordination or motor problems, increasing attention has been posed to a constellation of less evident symptoms significantly contributing to the clinical impact of MS. Among others, sleep symptoms have been only recently explored. This systematic review summarizes objective sleep findings detected by using polysomnography and their relationship with clinical variables in MS patients. While it is well known that sleep disorders are frequent in MS, objective clinical data are still scarce. Literature based on subjective reports indicate sleep disorders as highly frequent in MS patients; however, objective data are still scarce. New large case-control instrumental investigations are warranted to establish the real objective entity and impact of sleep comorbidities.

Normal-flow low-gradient severe aortic stenosis is a frequent and real entity.

Normal-flow low-gradient severe aortic stenosis is a frequent and real entity.