Reading Position Research Articles

Lost in Lost Highway: A Psychoanalytic Reading of Lynch’s Lost Highway

This review article provides a thorough psychoanalytic exploration of David Lynch's Lost Highway, a film celebrated for its intricate narrative and surreal imagery. Utilizing Freudian and Lacanian theories, the analysis investigates the film's themes of identity, trauma, and the unconscious. The protagonist's disjointed journey through fragmented realities serves as a case study in the manifestation of repressed desires and fears. By examining the interplay of memory, perception, and selfhood, this article reveals the deeper psychological currents that drive the narrative and influence character motivations. Furthermore, the discussion situates Lost Highway within Lynch's broader oeuvre, highlighting the director's fascination with the subconscious and the complexities of human experience. Ultimately, this psychoanalytic reading positions Lost Highway as not merely a cinematic puzzle but also a profound commentary on the nature of reality and the psyche, inviting viewers to confront their own unconscious landscapes.

Analysing the Meaning of Audience for Cross-gender Artists in the Documentary Lelaki Ayu Primadona Java: Lengger Lanang

Lengger Lanang is a traditional Javanese dance performed by a group of men that dress like women. This tradition might clash with a conservative Indonesian culture that considers cross-dressing men as deviant. This research aims to analyze how a group of people perceive a documentary film titled Lelaki Ayu Primadona Jawa: Lengger Lanang about a group of Lengger Lanang dancers. Using Stuart Hall’s encoding-decoding theory, this research involved seven informants who were divided into three groups of reader positions: dominant, negotiation and opposition. This research used a descriptive qualitative research design which focuses on the audience's reading position by analyzing the audience's understanding of cross-gender artists through documentary film scenes. Data was obtained from in-depth interviews with the informants. The research results showed that four informants who were in dominant positions and three informants who were in negotiating positions, and there were no audience members who were in opposition positions. The audience's reading position is influenced by the background of the audience watching the documentary. The audience interprets this documentary as an understanding of artists across gender but also discusses the preservation of the culture, history and values ​​of the Lengger Lanang dancers.

Studi Resepsi Khalayak terhadap Disinformasi Pandemi Covid-19 pada Media Sosial di Yogyakarta

This study aims to understand and analyze public reception of disinformation in Yogyakarta using Stuart Hall's encoding-decoding theory. The study used a qualitative method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with two types of informants, namely santri and abangan. This study found that audience reception of COVID-19 pandemic disinformation varied, some were in a dominant hegemonic, negotiating, or oppositional position. The findings of this study confirm the thesis of reception studies which state that every message spread in the media is received polysemically. However, in contrast to the assumptions of reception studies, the position of audience reception at each reading position which is fixed and comes from the same audience is not true. On the contrary, this study found that audience acceptance can change, sometimes in a dominant hegemonic code, sometimes in a negotiating position, and even an oppositional code. Changes in acceptance positions are highly dependent on the issues contained in the COVID-19 pandemic disinformation message.

An efficient protocol for commissioning radiophotoluminescence dosimeters for radiotherapy dosimetry audits

PurposeThe aim of this study was to develop an efficient protocol for the commissioning of 1000 radiophotoluminescence dosimeters (RPLDs) for use in postal dosimetry audits in radiotherapy. This involved the determination of correction factors necessary to reduce measurement uncertainty and ensure accurate dose measurements. MethodsThe commissioning process started with the RPLDs subjected to a series of controlled irradiations to determine their individual nominal response. Experiments were also conducted to assess the influence of irradiation position, reading position, and ambient temperature on the dosimeter readings all which were accounted for calculating individual sensitivity correction factors (SCFs) for each dosimeter. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the variability of SCFs depending on normalization group. An additional investigation simulating different dosimetry audit batches was conducted to study the effect of SCF variability on dosimetry audit measurements. ResultsThe adopted commissioning protocol required irradiation position correction factors (0.990–0.996), readout tray position correction factors (0.992–1.01) and room temperature corrections (∼0.4 % per ° C). This enabled the calculation of SCFs for a batch of 1000 RPLDs and the analysis found the majority of SCFs falling within the range of 0.985–1.015. The standard deviations of the SCF distributions were approximately 1% for all normalization groups. It was observed that SCFs normalized to the entire batch of 1000 dosimeters could be effectively used for smaller audit batches, with an additional uncertainty contribution of up to 0.2%. This minimal increase in uncertainty is acceptable within the context of dosimetry audits. ConclusionsThe developed protocol for commissioning RPLDs provides a reliable method for ensuring accurate dose measurements in postal radiotherapy dosimetry audits. The correction factors applied during the commissioning process were thoroughly described to effectively minimize measurement uncertainty. The findings support the use of SCFs normalized to large dosimeter batches for smaller audit groups, thereby streamlining the dosimetry audit process. Future research should focus on the long-term stability of SCFs to further enhance the reliability of RPLD-based dosimetry audits.

Assessment of surgical strategies for management of complicated strabismus reoperation in Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Strabismus reoperation in Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) is complicated and challenging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the various surgical strategies of strabismus reoperation and their outcomes in patients with GO. A retrospective study was conducted on strabismus reoperations performed at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China from 2008 to 2018. Data collected included sex, age at surgery, duration of deviation, ocular alignment, ocular motility, various surgical procedures performed and surgical outcomes. Surgical methods included rectus recession for newly developed strabismus, rectus resection for undercorrection and anterior advancement of a previously recessed rectus for overcorrection. Surgical success was defined as an absence of diplopia, a horizontal deviation of ≤ 10 prism diopters (PD) and a vertical deviation of ≤ 5 PD at distance in primary and reading positions. Of the 153 GO patients receiving strabismus surgery, 27 cases (20 males, 7 females) underwent reoperation for strabismus, with a reoperation rate of 17.6%. Success rates of reoperation in patients with a previous undercorrection and overcorrection were 45% and 71.4%, respectively. Success rates of rectus recession, rectus resection and anterior advancement were 47.1%, 66.7% and 50%, respectively. Two patients underwent the third surgery. The overall success rate was 51.9%. Rectus recession is an effective method for GO patients with newly-developed strabismus. Rectus resection may benefit some patients with undercorrection who underwent a maximal degree of rectus recession. Anterior advancement of a previously recessed rectus is effective for cases with overcorrection.

Studi Mad’u dan Teori Resepsi Stuart Hall: Analisis Komentar Netizen pada Ceramah Virtual Buya Yahya

This article reports on the textual thematic research conducted with 100 Netizens' comments on the YouTube channel of Al-Bahjah TV entitled "Tanggapan Buya Yahya tentang Fatwa MUI Haram Membeli Produk Isra*l/Yahudi (The Response of Buya Yahya to the MUI Fatwa on the Prohibition of Buying Israeli/Jewish Products)”. This study uses thematic analysis and Stuart Hall's reception theoretical framework to examine Netizens' (mad’u) reception towards Buya Yahya's online preaching regarding MUI recommendation for Muslims to avoid buying any products affiliated with Israel. The findings illustrate three different mad'u receptions, namely dominant hegemonic reading (48), negotiated reading (22), and oppositional reading (30). The Netizens' (mad'u) cultural background influenced the variety of their reading positions of Buya Yahya's preaching, which resulted in several different types of arguments: humanity, religion, economy, socio-politics, and commodification of religion.

Sequencing-induced artefacts in NGS STR data

Significant progress has been made in recent years in the development of techniques for Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), or Massively Parallel Sequencing (MPS), of forensically relevant short tandem repeat (STR) loci. However, as these technologies are investigated and adopted by forensic laboratories, new challenges unfold that require further scrutiny. In the analysis of DNA profiles generated using the MiSeq FGx sequencing system, we have observed noise sequences with relatively high readcounts that are challenging to distinguish from genuine alleles. These high read count noise sequences appear as allele sequences with one or a few substituted bases compared to a known allele sequence within the profile.An examination of ForenSeq DNA Signature Prep Kit STR noise sequences revealed that the substituted base of a parent allele can align to the same position on the sequence across noise sequences. This suggests that these substitution events occur at specific positions within the amplicon, resulting in multiple noise reads with substitutions at the same position. Mapping of the noise events onto the original raw read positions revealed a high number of events, or “noise spikes”, occurring atspecific positions within a given sequencing run. These noise spikes affected reads across the entire run, agnostic of locus or sample, while the position, occurrence, and amplitude of the spikes differed across runs. The majority of noise sequences with high read counts in a DNA profile were generated from base changes at these spike positions, and could be classified as “noise spike artefacts”.In this paper we present evidence of the noise spike artefacts and their genesis during the sequencing process in the sequencing-by-synthesis (SBS) cycles, as well as the methods developed to detect them. The information and methods will assist laboratories with detecting noise spikes in MiSeq FGx sequencing runs, differentiating authentic allele sequences from noise spike artefacts, and developing protocols for analyst review and handling of MiSeq FGx data.

The commenters’ reading positions in an online news article’s comment column: A speech act analysis on media discourse

The commenters’ reading positions in an online news article’s comment column: A speech act analysis on media discourse

The role of lateral rectus muscle resection for severe esotropia after medial rectus muscle myectomy in Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Persistent diplopia after rectus muscle myectomy is not uncommon but challenging in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy. We investigated the role of lateral rectus muscle resection for patients after medial rectus muscle myectomy in Graves' ophthalmopathy. We retrospectively reviewed and collected data from patients with persistent diplopia after medial rectus muscle myectomy for Graves' ophthalmopathy who underwent unilateral or bilateral lateral rectus muscle resection. The eyeball deviations in the primary and reading positions before and after the operation were measured. A successful surgical outcome was defined as having less than five prism diopters (PD) in the primary gaze and functional binocular vision in the central 30° field postoperatively. A total of fifteen patients were included (mean post-myectomy deviation: 35.9 PD, range: 14 to -75 PD). The lateral rectus muscle resection after medial rectus muscle myectomy achieved an 80.0% success rate, with one patient over-corrected and two patients under-corrected. The lateral rectus muscle resection is an effective and predictable procedure for managing residual esotropia in Graves' ophthalmopathy patients who have previously undergone medial rectus muscle myectomy.

MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT OF ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLE BATTERY SYSTEMS

Some problems that often occur with electric motorbike batteries include overcharge, overdischarge and overheat. To avoid these problems, it is necessary to regulate or monitor the battery, which is called a Battery Management System (BMS). The BMS in this research is focused on the use of PSDKU Kediri electric motors. With this BMS design, it is hoped that it can be used as a reference in battery system management so that the battery lasts longer. In this study, 112 batteries were used, consisting of 14 series and 8 parallel. The voltage sensor circuit is made to determine the battery cell voltage so that overvoltage and undervoltage protection can be carried out. Measurements can be made using a multimeter by adjusting the reading position on the voltage. The maximum voltage produced is around 57.7 volts with a charging time of 7 hours

Reading, rhetoric, rhythm

This paper considers reading a hermeneutical co-respondence with understanding’s becoming. It describes how understanding’s plurality is caught up in the dialogical interplay of reading, rhetoric, and rhythm characteristic of hermeneutic engagement. Reading positions a reader in relationship with a text 1 seeking participation in the matter under consideration. As such, its potential for creating new understanding lies in a reader’s ability to attend to unfamiliar forms of expression and engage with the speculative nature of sense and sense-making. Rather than reduce hermeneutic practice to an unmoored relativism, reading hermeneutically fosters a radical responsibility that comes with the uncertain and difficult labor of speculative thinking.

Speech Acts on Instagram comments about G20 Indonesia

Speech acts in someone's comments show a person's perception, interpretation and attitude towards something they read. This research aims to reveal the reading position in the comments of 3 posts on Instagram @indonesia.g20. The focus of this research is to describe the forms of comment speech acts on Instagram and show the reading position. The data source for this research has been the Instagram account @indonesia.g20 as the official Instagram account for the 2022 Indonesian G20 Presidency. This research method uses a mixed method. Comment data was analyzed using a speech act analysis framework and a reading position analysis framework. Quantitatively this research found 37 comments which included comments with 22% assertive speech act, 32% directive speech act, and 46% expressive speech acts. Meanwhile, reading positions based on performative speech acts include hegemonic reading position 62%, negotiated reading position 27%, and oppositional reading position 11%. Qualitatively it can be concluded that the comments on the 3 Instagram posts are positive comments in the form of expressive speech acts. This means that these commentators tend to like and support the implementation of the 2022 G20 Indonesia presidency on Instagram.

Intersections of Maternity, Eugenics, and Violence in Edith Summers Kelley’s Weeds

ABSTRACT: This article explores the push for family-oriented eugenics and pronatalism within the United States, chronicling social and political movements and their impact on the American mother. The essay illustrates this problem through Edith Summer Kelley’s Weeds (1923), a novel that utilizes eugenic rhetoric of the American Progressive Era to expose problems in American maternity and parturition. Kelley’s female protagonists present not only a crisis of motherhood but also a crisis for American families, as unhappy mothers symbolized issues of dysfunction. This reading positions itself alongside historical examples of pronatalism and eugenics, and utilizes American media to argue that women felt compelled to reproduce in order to meet national standards of progress during the post-World War I era.

Reversing the Oedipal Reading Practice: Interpellation, Enigmas of Reading, and John Barth's The Floating Opera

Abstract This article examines the author-reader relationship as it is shaped by an “enigma of reading.” Evident in texts that directly address their readers, this enigma attempts to interpellate those readers into a specific role. Using two different models of interpellation created by Slavoj Žižek and Eyal Dotan, this article describes the shift from modern to postmodern texts in terms of reading enigmas. The author's particular case study focuses on the narrator's addresses in John Barth's Floating Opera. These addresses reveal how the narrative oscillates between interpellations that encourage a paranoid reading stance, stemming from an “enigma of desire” (as in Žižek's model) and interpellations that discourage this position, derived from an “enigma of addresser” (as in Dotan's model). Ultimately, readers are left feeling confused, without a stable reading position, and are forced to apply a “flickering” reading practice. This kind of practice rejects the oedipal role of the author as a father, in the Lacanian sense, who is the absolute subject responsible for constructing meaning and forming the law of the text.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF JOB FACTORS AND CLOSE READING HABITS WITH MYOPIA SUFFERING IN TEENAGERS

Based on the concept of static refraction, myopia is a condition in which parallel rays entering the eyeball are refracted by the refractive media in front of the retina. As a result, objects that are far from the eyeball do not appear clearly in the patient's vision. The inability of a person to see distant objects clearly can occur, among others, due to heredity, work and reading habits or position, work environment, etc. To overcome refractive errors in myopia sufferers, minus spherical correction lenses can be given in front of the patient's eyes, so that the light that falls in front of the retina can be shifted and focused right on the retina. The purpose of this study, the authors want to explain the existence of a mutually influencing relationship between near work vision and close reading habits, as well as room lighting used by people with myopia. This research was conducted using a quantitative research method with a sampling technique "systematic random sampling". The results of this study found that myopic refractive errors occupied the highest percentage, namely 65.5%, that there was a mutually influencing relationship between work vision and close reading habits, as well as room lighting used by people with myopia

Factors of Decreased Visual Acuity in Primary and Junior High School Students Aged 6-15 Years in the Working Area of Cimareme Community Health Center, West Bandung Regency

The issue of decreased visual acuity in children, especially in primary and junior high school ages, has not been well socialized. Many children and parents still lack understanding regarding the risk factors associated with daily activities that contribute to decreased visual acuity. This study is an analytical observational research using a cross-sectional approach. The research was conducted on all students from grade I to grade VI of SD Unggulan Al-Amin, totaling 266 individuals, and all students from grade VII to grade IX of SMP Unggulan Al-Amin, totaling 120 individuals. Data were collected through visual acuity examinations using the Snellen chart at 6 meters and interviews guided by a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Among the students of SD Unggulan Al-Amin, six factors were found to have a significant relationship with decreased visual acuity based on the chi-square test. These six factors are reading position (p=0.001), frequency of cellphone use (p=0.000), duration of gadget use (p=0.001), gadget usage position (p=0.040), distance while watching TV (p=0.046), and distance from eyes to cellphone screen (p=0.019). Among the students of SMP Unggulan Al-Amin, eight factors were found to have a significant relationship, including reading position (p=0.00), frequency of cellphone use (p=0.000), duration of gadget use (p=0.000), gadget usage position (p=0.000), frequency of TV watching (p=0.001), duration of TV watching (p=0.000), distance while watching TV (p=0.000), and distance from eyes to cellphone screen (p=0.000). Decreased visual acuity was experienced by 56.8% of students from SD Unggulan Al-Amin and 18.3% of students from SMP Unggulan Al-Amin. There is a significant relationship between risk factors and decreased visual acuity, including reading position, frequency of cellphone use, duration of gadget use, gadget usage position, frequency of TV watching, duration of TV watching, distance while watching TV, and distance from eyes to cellphone screen.

The Intersectional Logic of “Bad Religion”

Using an example of German Christian development cooperation, this paper examines strengths and weaknesses of an intersectional analysis in relation to “religion.” I will make a twofold argument. First, I will argue that the rhetoric of “bad religion” present in development cooperation is based on an intersectional logic and reproduces marginalization. Second, I will present that intersectional approaches often conceptualize “religion” in an essentialist way. By doing so, I will explore the common features of “development” and “intersectionality,” referred to here as the intersectional logic of development, describe the role of “religion” within it and demonstrate a dualistic logic of reading positions as hegemonic and non-hegemonic within this intersectional logic of development. Drawing on the concept of assemblage developed by Jasbir Puar (2007), this essay concludes by proposing some programmatic considerations that allow addressing these challenges and further developing intersectional studies as well as the critical study of religion.

Reading the Mermaid Sisters of Smoczyńska’s (2015) “The Lure” as More Than Shoreline Strangers: Toward a Feminist Solidarity with Nonhuman Others

The monstrous mermaid sisters of Agnieszka Smoczyńska’s musical horror film, The Lure (2015), mysteriously appear along the Polish shoreline and threaten to cannibalize men. Although unusual in the horror genre, Smoczyńska’s combination of musical numbers and aquatic gothic monsters strategically appropriates elements of mermaid mythology to create a contemporary story of bodily performativity and sisterhood. Following a critical consideration of the literary and cultural histories associated with the mermaid, this article presents a textual analysis of The Lure and related paratexts (director interviews, industry expert reviews, scholarly criticism). From one analytic reading perspective, The Lure’s can be read as a coming of age story that implies that bodily transformations interrupt the solidarity of sisterhood. This reading illuminates differential associations with feminism and women’s agency that are particularly poignant in the context of the Polish Solidarity movement. Extending this feminist reading position, I develop a counter-reading that attends to the nonhuman relations between the film’s sisters and examines how processes of human exclusion and exploitation are responsible for fracturing the sisterhood. From this perspective, I read the conclusion as a call for a feminist solidarity predicated on nonhuman relations of mutuality, codependency, and symbiosis.

The Difference of Risk Factors Between Mild and Moderate-Severe Refractive Errors in Pediatric Patients at the Diponegoro National Hospital

Background: Refractive errors are the leading cause of visual impairment and the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. The incidence of refractive errors in children in Indonesia and in the world is quite high. The incidence of refractive errors can be triggered by several risk factors, including genetics, age, gender, close-range activities, use of electronic devices, and outdoor activities. Objective: Knowing the difference in risk factors between mild and moderatesevere refractive errors in pediatric patients at the Diponegoro National Hospital.Methods: This type of research is an analytic observational study with a cross sectional approach. Data were taken using a consecutive sampling technique from questionnaires and medical records of pediatric patients in the 2018-2021 period. The research subjects were 57 people who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate analysis using Chi-Square and Mann Whitney analysis. Results: The research subjects were dominated by the age of 16-18 years (63.2%), female gender (68.4%), types of myopia disorders (57.9%), and mild degrees (66.7%). The results of the Chi-Square analysis showed that there was a significant difference in reading distance (p=0.000), reading position (p=0.035), duration of use of electronic devices (p=0.031), and duration of outdoor activities (p=0.042) between mild and moderatesevere degrees. Conclusion: There are significant differences in reading distance, reading position, duration of use of electronic devices, and duration of outdoor activities between mild and moderate-severe refractive errors in pediatric patients at the Diponegoro National Hospital.

Slab-off prism for symptomatic, vertical heterophoria in the reading position

To describe uncommon techniques that induce compensatory strabismus utilizing slab-off spectacle prism to treat symptomatic incomitant vertical strabismus in adults with diplopia in the reading position only. The medical records of consecutive patients having a chief complaint of diplopia in the reading position that was treated with slab-off prism correction were reviewed retrospectively. Success of the slab-off spectacle prism correction was determined at the follow-up visit or by phone call for any patients who did not return for a follow-up examination. Five adult subjects were identified, ranging in age from 55 to 75 years (mean age, 65.6 years). All 5 patients complained of vertical diplopia during reading. Symptoms resolved with slab-off prism in all 5 cases. Three patients had symptomatic incomitant vertical strabismus occurring only in the reading position. All 3 of these patients remained in slab-off prism at in-office follow-up. Slab-off spectacle prism in non-digitally manufactured multifocal lens prescriptions was an effective nonsurgical treatment option in this descriptive study of 5 patients with diplopia in the reading position only, 3 of whom had symptoms related to small-angle vertical strabismus in the reading position only, without anisometropia.