Reading Of Text Research Articles

Mindfully missing myself: Induced mindfulness causes alienation among poor self-regulators.

Mindfulness is a popular technique that helps people to get closer to their self. However, recent findings indicate that mindfulness may not benefit everybody. In the present research, we hypothesized that mindfulness promotes alienation from the self among individuals with low abilities to self-regulate affect (state-oriented individuals) but not among individuals with high abilities to self-regulate affect (action-oriented individuals). In two studies with participants who were mostly naïve to mindfulness practices (70% indicated no experience; N1 = 126, 42 men, 84 women, 0 diverse, aged 17-86 years, Mage = 31.87; N2 = 108, 30 men, 75 women, 3 diverse, aged 17-69 years, Mage = 28.00), we tested a mindfulness group (five-minute mindfulness exercise) against a control group (five-minute text reading). We operationalized alienation as lower consistency in repeated preference judgments and a lower tendency to adopt intrinsic over extrinsic goal recommendations. Results showed that, among state-oriented participants, mindfulness led to significantly lower consistency of preference judgments (Study 1) and lower adoption of intrinsic over extrinsic goals (Study 2) compared to text reading. The alienating effect was absent among action-oriented participants. Thus, mindfulness practice may alienate psychologically vulnerable people from their self and hamper access to preferences and intrinsic goals. We discuss our findings within Personality-Systems-Interactions (PSI) theory.

Reading Left-To-Right and Right-To-Left Orthographies: Ocular Prevalence, Similarities, Differences and the Reasons for Orthographic Conventions

ABSTRACT Purpose We compare right-to-left and left-to-right orthographies to test the theory, derived from studying the latter, that small temporal asynchronies between the two eyes at the beginning and end of every fixation favor ocular prevalence for the left eye in the left hemifield and the right eye in the right hemifield. Ocular prevalence is the prioritizing of one eye’s input in the conscious, fused binocular percept. Method We analyze binocular eye-tracking data from the reading of multiline Arabic and Hebrew text by 28 Arabic (M = 28.7, SD = 7.2 years, 71% female) and 16 Hebrew (M = 30.1, SD = 7.9 years, 50% female) native speakers, respectively. Results Critically, the complex pattern of asynchronies in Arabic and Hebrew resembles that reported for the left-to-right orthographies, English and Chinese, but with some particular differences that we attribute to left hemisphere specialization in word recognition. Conclusion We conclude, first, that the oculomotor musculature plays an embodied role in the perception and cognition associated with reading. We further discuss how the evident hemispheric asymmetries in parafoveal lookahead may be reflected in the nature of the conventions of right-to-left scripts. We articulate the claim that the orthographic conventions of a language tend to reflect reading direction and hemispheric differences.

Do Reading Goals Make a Difference for Refutation Text Effectiveness?

Refutation texts seem to be a promising approach to counter misconceptions. They provoke a cognitive conflict by explicitly naming a misconception and correcting it with a scientific explanation. However, the literature reports mixed findings about their effectiveness, underlining the need to examine potential moderators. For example, when presenting preservice teachers a refutation text to combat an educational myth, the instructed reading goal might be of importance because reading goals can affect how readers process a text. In this study, we examined whether reading goals influence the effect of refutation texts and facilitate belief change about an educational myth in preservice teachers. The preregistered experiment (N = 168) followed a 2 × 2 × 2 mixed design with the between-participants factors text type (refutation vs. traditional) and reading goal (explanation vs. entertainment), and the within-participants factor time (before vs. after reading). Participants who had read a refutation text rather than a traditional text were more likely to change their false belief. However, the refutation effect was independent of participants’ reading goals. These results strengthen existing evidence that refutation texts are better suited for addressing misconceptions than traditional textbooks. However, we still require a better understanding of the conditions that increase refutation text effectiveness.

Portrayal of Social Oppression and Adjectives illustration in Character of Bakha in Untouchable

Indian caste system is hot cake to be discussed globally and has become source of endless speculation for the researchers. Caste system and status co. has become a social evil that portrays the tribulations and tortures of marginalized unprivileged people. A society where social class and caste were pervasive, this study reflects the powerlessness of Bakha who aspired to be an Englishman to get recognition, preserve dignity and to earn an identity as a human. Objective s of present study is to highlight those adjectives indited Mulk Raj Anand in portraying the character sketch of Bakha. The social effect of book is analyzed using Van Djik theory of cognitive approach with a focus on the character of Bakha.This novel depicits the social concern that is analyzed by the van djik theoretical application by close reading of text and purposively sampling of the text relevant to Bakha socially, culturally and economically marginalized. They are common victims and suppressive as they do not have the economic and political power to fight back the upper-class people’s supremacy. They are not able get the voice to speak out their condition and portray themselves before the world. These subalterns have very few chances to change their fate in society which is measured by the upper class and closes the options like consciousness, education and equal rights to raise their status.

The Impact of Teaching the Lives of Scientists in a Mobile Augmented Reality Environment on Students’ Success and Opinions

This research aims to investigate the impact of a Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) application called TISAR-3D on the success and opinions of secondary school students when learning about the lives of scientists. A mixed-method approach was employed. The research was conducted on students in the 7th grade of a public school located in the city center of Elazig, Turkey. The sample consisted of 90 students, comprising 41 girls and 49 boys. The research was conducted with one experimental and one control group. Over the course of eight weeks, the experimental group utilized the TISAR-3D application, while the control group acquired knowledge by reading texts about scientists. The research showed that students using the MAR application had significantly higher academic success than the control group. Interviews with the experimental group supported integrating MAR technology, indicating it improved understanding of science topics and boosted academic success. Teachers are recommended to use the TISAR-3D application in their lessons to enhance students’ learning experiences.

Analysis and design framework for the development of indoor scene understanding assistive solutions for the person with visual impairment/blindness

This paper discusses the challenges of the current state of computer vision-based indoor scene understanding assistive solutions for the person with visual impairment (P-VI)/blindness. It focuses on two main issues: the lack of user-centered approach in the development process and the lack of guidelines for the selection of appropriate technologies. First, it discusses the needs of users of an assistive solution through state-of-the-art analysis based on a previous systematic review of literature and commercial products and on semi-structured user interviews. Then it proposes an analysis and design framework to address these needs. Our paper presents a set of structured use cases that help to visualize and categorize the diverse real-world challenges faced by the P-VI/blindness in indoor settings, including scene description, object finding, color detection, obstacle avoidance and text reading across different contexts. Next, it details the functional and non-functional requirements to be fulfilled by indoor scene understanding assistive solutions and provides a reference architecture that helps to map the needs into solutions, identifying the components that are necessary to cover the different use cases and respond to the requirements. To further guide the development of the architecture components, the paper offers insights into various available technologies like depth cameras, object detection, segmentation algorithms and optical character recognition (OCR), to enable an informed selection of the most suitable technologies for the development of specific assistive solutions, based on aspects like effectiveness, price and computational cost. In conclusion, by systematically analyzing user needs and providing guidelines for technology selection, this research contributes to the development of more personalized and practical assistive solutions tailored to the unique challenges faced by the P-VI/blindness.

Peningkatan Keterampilan Membaca Pemahaman Peserta Didik Menggunakan Model Cooperative Learning Tipe Jigsaw di Kelas V SD Negeri 03 Pakan Kurai Kota Bukittinggi

Cooperative Learning Model type Jigsaw is a learning model that can be used in the learning process to improve the reading skills of the student's understanding. The background of this study is poor reading skills, learning processes that are still centered on the teacher, students who have difficulty understanding the reading text and identifying the key ideas or basic ideas as well as important details contained in the text they read. The study aims to describe improved reading skills and understanding of the student using the Cooperative Learning model of the Jigsaw type. The research was carried out at the SDN 03 Pakan Kurai City of Bukittinggi. This type of research is class action research that consists of four stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. This research uses both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The research was carried out in two cycles, Cycle I consisting of two meetings and Cycle II consisted of one meeting. Subject of the research is the student of V SD State 03 Pakan Kurai City Bukittinggi. This study showed that there was an improvement in the reading skills of learners using the Cooperative Learning model of Jigsaw. Thus, the cooperative learning model of jigsaw can be an effective option for enhancing the learning skills of students.

Do Acoustic Characteristics of Dysarthria in People With Parkinson's Disease Differ Across Languages?

Cross-language studies suggest more similarities than differences in how dysarthria affects the speech of people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) who speak different languages. In this study, we aimed to identify the relative contribution of acoustic variables to distinguish PwPD from controls who spoke varieties of two Romance languages, French and Portuguese. This bi-national, cross-sectional, and case-controlled study included 129 PwPD and 124 healthy controls who spoke French or Portuguese. All participants underwent the same clinical examinations, voice/speech recordings, and self-assessment questionnaires. PwPD were evaluated off and on optimal medication. Inferential analyses included Disease (controls vs. PwPD) and Language (French vs. Portuguese) as factors, and random decision forest algorithms identified relevant acoustic variables able to distinguish participants: (a) by language (French vs. Portuguese) and (b) by clinical status (PwPD on and off medication vs. controls). French-speaking and Portuguese-speaking individuals were distinguished from each other with over 90% accuracy by five acoustic variables (the mean fundamental frequency and the shimmer of the sustained vowel /a/ production, the oral diadochokinesis performance index, the relative sound level pressure and the relative sound pressure level standard deviation of the text reading). A distinct set of parameters discriminated between controls and PwPD: for men, maximum phonation time and the oral diadochokinesis speech proportion were the most significant variables; for women, variables calculated from the oral diadochokinesis were the most discriminative. Acoustic variables related to phonation and voice quality distinguished between speakers of the two languages. Variables related to pneumophonic coordination and articulation rate were the more effective in distinguishing PwPD from controls. Thus, our research findings support that respiration and diadochokinesis tasks appear to be the most appropriate to pinpoint signs of dysarthria, which are largely homogeneous and language-universal. In contrast, identifying language-specific variables with the speech tasks and acoustic variables studied was less conclusive.

THE IMPACT OF NURSE–LED EDUCATION, ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE DURING CARDIAC REHABILITATION: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Abstract Introduction The complex mosaic of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in heart failure (HF) is composed of several "pieces": adherence to the rehabilitation program (Mazza & Paneroni, 2019), therapeutic education, improvement of perceived QoL and self–care (Deek et al., 2017). To improve the patient‘s QoL, however, it is imperative to position them at the focal point of the care process. Several studies, have documented the favorable impact of CR on QoL in HF patients (Conway et al., 2015). Although variations in therapeutic and rehabilitative treatment plans vary according to each stage of the disease, adopting lifestyle changes is a recommended strategy regardless of the stage of HF from which the person is affected (ACC/AHA 2005; Yancy et al., 2005). However, despite the evidence–based benefits of post–discharge interventions combined with patient education in HF patients, the specific impact and benefits of nurse–led patient education alone, independent of the broader health care system, remain still unclear. Objective This review aims to investigate the influence of the nurse‘s educational role on the quality of life of patients with HF in the setting of cardiac rehabilitation. Materials and Methods A comprehensive literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, CIHNAL Complete and EMBASE. The review followed the PICO methodology, with the formulation of a research question. MeSH terms and keywords were combined using Boolean operators and inclusion criteria. The primary outcome of interest was improved QoL. Relevant articles were subjected to preliminary analysis on the Rayyan platform. They were first evaluated by title and abstract, then selected for full–text reading, and finally subjected to "quality appraisal". Results, Discussion and Conclusions Individuals with HF experience a decline in QoL and are at increased risk of poor prognosis, characterized by exacerbation episodes leading to frequent re–hospitalizations and increased mortality rates (Heo et al., 2009; Rechenberg et al., 2020; Freedland et al., 2021). Therefore, improving QoL in patients with HF is a priority from both care and organizational perspectives (Ades et al., 2013; Darkins et al., 2015). Notably, a tailored CR educational program helps to improve self–care management and, consequently, improve QoL. That highlights the importance of nurse–led CR for HF patients in improving health behaviors and adherence to therapeutic practices.

Teaching Folk Medical Concepts from the Epic of Manas Using the INSERT Method

Article discusses the problems of developing critical thinking and creative thinking of students when teaching the Epic of Manas in special vocational schools. To pay attention to building connections between previous knowledge in order to understand new ones. To develop students' thinking skills so that they can critically look at and evaluate information received. At the same time, students learn to communicate with each other in a special way using the table. Students should not be given ready-made knowledge in the classroom. Method INSERT for developing the critical thinking was chosen, and methodological instructions for practical lesson were organized, method and results were presented on a scientific basis. This experience is recommended for all teachers of the Epic of Manas. Almost approved. Specific steps of how the INSERT method implements reading comprehension, analytical and interpretive understanding based on the read text in developing students’ critical thinking were shown. To increase students’ interest in the Epic of Manas, as well as to substantiate various topics, specific examples from the epic can be considered. One critical thinking strategy that can help students work with text on a given topic is the INSERT method. This method is implemented on the basis of marked reading of the text, activates reading comprehension, critical thinking, helps analyze objections, be able to argue one’s views, understand the meanings in the epic, increase vocabulary, be able to form one’s own opinion, and develop creative thinking. It is necessary to awaken students' interest in education through the teachers’ skills. This is a question that sets a goal for the student in various ways and points the way to its implementation.

EVALUATION OF READABILITY AND RELIABILITY OF TURKISH WEBSITES ON LOW BACK PAIN

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we investigated the readability and readability of Turkish websites containing information about low back pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In February 2022, a search was performed by typing the word "low back pain" into Google's search engine (https://www.google.com). Commercial websites, advertising sites, chat sites, forum sites, magazine sites, sites containing only images or videos, and sites with fewer than 10 sentences were excluded from the study. Reliability scores were calculated using the mean syllable count, the mean number of words with 4 or more syllables, and Ateşman's and Bezirci-Yılmaz's scores for readability, JAMA, and DISCERN. RESULTS: The mean number of syllables and words with 4 or more syllables was 2.78 (1.68-3.20) and 3.74 (0.36-6.31), respectively. The mean Ateşman, Bezirci-Yılmaz, and readability scores were 56.10 (29.77-100.00) and 12.80 (1.88-20.01), respectively, and the JAMA and DISCERN reliability scores were 1.06 (0-2) and 43.00 (26.00-67.00), respectively. CONCLUSION: As a result of this study, it was found that the readability, quality, and reliability of texts on Turkish websites containing information about low back pain are at a very low level.

Intertextual approach to the semantic reading of a poetic text (using the example of the song “Extra People” by the group “Underwood”)

Intertextual approach to the semantic reading of a poetic text (using the example of the song “Extra People” by the group “Underwood”)

The effect of synbiotic coating of flaxseed mucilage-defatted rice bran carbohydrate on quality of dried mango, viability of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. LactisBB12 on storage and simulating gastrointestinal condition.

In the present study, a synbiotic coating of flaxseed mucilage, defatted rice bran carbohydrate, and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis BB12 was fabricated for coating dried mango slices (M-P-C). The control samples contained only probiotic bacteria without coating (M-P). Several quality parameters (moisture, weight loss, shrinkage percentage, pH, firmness, and color) were assessed on specific storage circumstances (25°C, relative humidity (RH) = 22%.). In addition, the survival of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis BB12 was evaluated on storage and under simulated gastrointestinal (GI) conditions. According to the results, the log number of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis BB12 reached 8.1 and 6.2 for coated and uncoated samples, respectively, during the 45 days storage at 25°C (>6 log CFU (log colony-forming units)/g) and at finished stage of invitro gastrointestinal circumstances, the log number of probiotic bacterial count reached 6.8 and 4 for coated and uncoated samples, respectively. The coating resulted in significantly less weight loss, moisture loss, and shrinkage of the mango slices than uncoated ones (p < .05). The growth of yeasts and molds was undetectable in both samples. The results of acceptance experiments for M-P and M-P-C dried mango samples showedthat there were no significant differences between M-P and M-P-C samples (p >.05), indeed in the case of purchase intention and overall acceptability. After reading the text highlighting, there was no significant difference in all attributes of M-P-C samples pre and post of reading text highlighting. It could be concluded that the synbiotic coating of mango slices improved the quality characteristics of the dried mango as well as viability of the probiotic bacteria at storage time and under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.

The Influence of Qira'at Variants in Interpretation Ayat-Ayat Al-Qur’an

This study examines the influence of Qira'at variations on the interpretation of Quranic verses, focusing on the potential implications for understanding and applying Islamic teachings. Qira'at refers to the various ways in which the Quran is recited, with different schools of thought and traditions offering distinct readings of the sacred text. The research aims to investigate how these variations affect the interpretation of specific Quranic verses, exploring the potential consequences for Islamic thought and practice. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature and primary sources, this study identifies key differences in Qira'at readings and their corresponding impacts on the interpretation of Quranic verses. The findings highlight the significance of considering Qira'at variations in the context of Islamic scholarship and the potential for these differences to shape the understanding and application of Islamic teachings. The study contributes to the ongoing discussion on the role of Qira'at in Islamic studies, emphasizing the importance of acknowledging and addressing the implications of these variations on the interpretation of Quranic verses. The research also provides a framework for further exploration of the relationship between Qira'at and Islamic thought, with potential applications in fields such as Islamic studies, theology, and interfaith dialogue.

Perceptual span in Mongolian text reading

Perceptual span in Mongolian text reading

Comparative Study on Automated Reference Summary Generation using BERT Models and ROUGE Score Assessment

Automatic text summarization is a sub-area in text mining in which a computer system determines the most informative information in the original text to produce a summary for certain jobs and users. In the development of the systems, one of the most important tasks is to evaluate the quality of summaries produced by the systems. Generally, the evaluation task becomes laborious, time-consuming, and expensive because it requires significant efforts on annotation tasks for humans to manually create reference summaries. Being able to generate automatic reference summaries would promote the development of summarization systems in term of speed and evaluation. In this paper, we proposed an Auto-Ref Summary Generation framework for automatically generating reference summaries used in the generic text summarization evaluation task, the Sliced Summary. Given a set of clusters from a cluster ground-truth label dataset, variants of BERT models were utilized for creating cluster representations. The automatic reference summaries were later generated through a centroid-based summarization approach. Overall, DistilBERT, ROBERTa, and SBERT have played crucial roles in automatic summary generation, achieving the highest ROUGE-1 score of 0.47060. However, this does not meet our expectation on text coherence and readability aspects. Although the summaries generated through our proposed framework could not be used as the replacement of the manual summaries, this study has shed new light on the acquisition of automatic reference summaries from a ground-truth label dataset.

Identifying ChatGPT-written Patient Education Materials Using Text Analysis and Readability.

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based text generators such as Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) have come into the forefront of modern medicine. Given the similarity between AI-generated and human-composed text, tools need to be developed to quickly differentiate the two. Previous work has shown that simple grammatical analysis can reliably differentiate AI-generated text from human-written text. In this study, ChatGPT was used to generate 25 articles related to obstetric topics similar to those made by the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG). All articles were geared towards patient education. These AI-generated articles were then analyzed for their readability and grammar using validated scoring systems and compared to real articles from ACOG. Characteristics of the 25 AI-generated articles included fewer overall characters than original articles (mean 3,066 vs. 7,426; p < 0.0001), a greater average word length (mean 5.3 vs. 4.8; p < 0.0001), and a lower Flesch-Kincaid score (mean 46 vs. 59; p < 0.0001). With this knowledge, a new scoring system was develop to score articles based on their Flesch-Kincaid readability score, number of total characters, and average word length. This novel scoring system was tested on 17 new AI-generated articles related to obstetrics and 7 articles from ACOG, and was able to differentiate between AI-generated articles and human-written articles with a sensitivity of 94.1% and specificity of 100% (Area Under the Curve [AUC] 0.99). As ChatGPT is more widely integrated into medicine, it will be important for health care stakeholders to have tools to separate originally written documents from those generated by AI. While more robust analyses may be required to determine the authenticity of articles written by complex AI technology in the future, simple grammatical analysis can accurately characterize current AI-generated texts with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. · More tools are needed to identify AI-generated text in obstetrics, for both doctors and patients.. · Grammatical analysis is quick and easily done.. · Grammatical analysis is a feasible and accurate way to identify AI-generated text..

Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Mahasiswa Melalui Metode PQ4R Pada Mata Kuliah Bahasa Jepang Prodi Administrasi Perkantoran D-3 Universitas Pamulang

The research entitled "Efforts to Improve Students' Reading Comprehension Ability Through the PQ4R Method in the Japanese Subject at Office Administration Diploma, Pamulang University." chosen by the author because it comes from the idea that there are still many students who are not fluent and do not understand the reading text, as a result most students are less active in reading. Lots of mistakes in pronouncing and understanding the text. Because of this problem, to help students easily remember the material they read from reading texts, learning methods are needed, one of which is the PQ4R method (Preview, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite and Review). The purpose of this study was to find out the efforts to improve students' reading comprehension skills through the PQ4R Method in the Japanese course at Office Administration Diploma, Pamulang University. The subjects of this study were students in the first semester of regular C class 661 Office Administration Diploma at Pamulang University with a total of 15 students. The method used in this study is the mix method. Quantitative analysis which consists of four steps: planning, action, observation, and reflection with the percentage increase, while qualitative analysis is carried out by analyzing data from the results of records fieldwork, tests, and documentation during research.

Édouard Glissant and the importance of reading well: Opacitic‐reading as geographic method

AbstractWith what intentions and expectations does one arrive at reading a new philosophical text? In the case of the late Martinican thinker Édouard Glissant, engaging with his work usually begins from the premise that his thought is adapted from, or indebted to, that of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari. In this paper I seek to intervene in these non‐representational aspects of our thinking that escape habituated perception and condition, yet colour our reading and thus our resulting research and writing. If — as Paul Gilroy writes, ‘Glissant's time is now’, how do we as geographers respond? I argue that rather than reject the association of Glissant's work with Deleuze and Guattari's, the more philosophically, poetic, and politically challenging and creative task comes from reconceptualising their relationship to one of connection. In order to do this, I begin with Glissant's concept of ‘opacity’, which supports difference against assimilation and which Katherine McKittrick understands as a political tool. Taking this tool in hand, I develop my conceptualisation of the opacitic to refer to the staging or taking‐place of this opacity on a subterranean and micro‐political level. Opacitic‐reading as method contends how our reading of philosophical texts can create anew moments of clarity and connection through complexity, rather than aspiring towards transparent understanding that seeks to ‘grasp’ ideas and hold onto them. For geographers, opacitic‐reading intervenes in important debates about reading Glissant specifically, engaging with the work of so‐called minority thinkers from Western perspectives, as well as contributing to broader debates about how geographers engage with philosophy and theory.

Examining Quizalize’s Impact on Students’ Reading Comprehension Mastery

This quantitative study was intended to measure the impact of utilizing the Quizalize application on 38 tenth-grade students’ mastery of comprehending the reading of descriptive texts at SMAN 1 Blitar. This study utilized preexperimental research, specifically a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The data was obtained from tests and analyzed by SPSS 22. The result revealed that there was an improvement from the pre-test of 77.26 to 81.74 in the post-test. Further, the sig two-tailed output was less than 0.05. This means that Quizalize is having a positive impact on students' reading comprehension mastery. Regarding that result, teachers are recommended to use Quizalize in their instruction to help students develop reading comprehension and foster an active learning environment. In the future, studies on Quizalize in English learning may be conducted, along with comparisons with related apps like Duolingo Beelinguapp and Busuu.