Reading Of My Paper Research Articles

Response to Tubert-Oklander on ‘The talmudic way of thinking cannot suddenly have disappeared from us: Death instinct, anti-Semitism and Jewish traditions in the foundation matrix of group analysis’

Tubert-Oklander’s ambivalent reading of my paper seems to have led him to some misreadings of my text. I quote five examples of this.

The concept of medicalisation reassessed: a rejoinder.

The concept of medicalisation reassessed: a rejoinder.

On methodological pluralism, context, and misinterpretation in the historiography of psychology: A reply to Brock and Burman

In my rejoinder, I show how Brock’s and Burman’s replies to my article (Araujo, 2017) are based on a series of misunderstandings and misattributions. First, I argue that Brock ignores crucial passages of my article and my related book, and show not only that he misunderstands Wundt’s position on the introspective method, but also that his claim, according to which there is nothing new in my approach, lacks substance. Second, I argue that Burman’s text fails to make contact with the substantive thrust of my paper, and that his appeal to contextualism is vague and does not address the substantive questions I raise. Finally, I conclude that Brock’s rejection of my proposal, as well as his misunderstandings and misattributions, derives from a kind of methodological dogmatism, against which the best medicine is methodological pluralism, and that Burman’s worries are unjustified and can be avoided by a careful reading of my paper.

‘A Way Out’ and A Way In: Reply to Commentary

I express my appreciation for Michal Rieck's thoughtful and fully felt reading of my paper. I underline her points that the regression that an unobtrusive yet fully engaged analyst can allow, is not solely a phenomenon in work with more disturbed patients, and that the essence of this position is to be without separateness. I outline a process of the “flow of enactive engagement,” which fosters a narrative unfolding of the field of the treatment. I suggest that the flow of enactive engagement is a contemporary mutual form of enacted free association and that Rieck is correct in saying that from my perspective psychoanalytic cure need not involve the analyst's interpretation. The mutual enactment itself can be the interpretation.

The Future of Psychology's History is not its Past: A Reply to Rappard

Contrary to Rappard's (1997) reading of my paper (Danziger, 1994), I did not advocate that the history of psychology be left to historians. However, that does not mean we can afford to ignore historians' criticisms of insider history. Underlying our disagreement there are different conceptions of the role of history in the natural and social sciences and of the position of psychology among these.

Changing perspectives in Australian prehistory: a reply to Beaton

As I understand it, the reason for publishing a comment (Beaton 1983) along with my own article was to highlight the growing differentiation in ideological approach to Australian prehistory, and to stimulate discussion along these lines. While I welcome the opportunity for this debate, I am disappointed that Beaton's comments appear to represent little more than a superficial reading of my paper. Indeed, Beaton's critique presents no deep analysis of the paper's detailed evidence and explanatory models and makes only a passing reference to its theoretical basis. In essence, however, Beaton appears to agree with the first model I have presented which describes the archaeological data of the mid to late Holocene in terms of expanding variables. It is the second model, which offers an explanation of the archaeological phenomena, that he objects to quite vehemently. A closer examination would indicate that the source of Beaton's dis-

Radiation and Breast Cancer-Reply

In Reply.— I am grateful to Drs Kalisher and Greenes for their conscientious reading of my paper and for their important comments. They considered the article as a large statistically defined study, while it was meant to be, as expressed, suggesting another group at higher risk... for cancer of the on the basis of a clinical observation. I am not alone in sensing the fear of inducing cancer of the breast by radiation, and this clinical observation on acne radiation appeared to warrant publication because of the possibility that such radiation contributed to the cause of cancer of the breast and because the records of such patients would provide a pool of data for study. In respect to the cogent questions concerning details of the radiation treatment for acne, I must note that I have exact data on the characteristics of radiation received in only one of the 16

Flint Implements in the Cromer Forest Bed

SINCE the reading of my paper on the humanly fashioned flints found upon the foreshore at Cromer before the Royal Anthropological Institute on May 3, I have again visited the Norfolk coast. This visit, in company with my friend Mr. Frank Barclay, of Cromer (who has recently collected close upon one thousand specimens of the ochreous artefacts from the foreshore), has resulted in the discovery of two flints, exhibiting the now well-known yellow coloration, in situ in the surface of the ferruginous “pan” or Stone Bed resting upon the chalk, and exposed, I conclude recently, at the base of the cliff above the beach deposits under Beeston Hills at Sheringham. This ferruginous deposit is of extreme hardness, and the two ochreous flints discovered could be dislodged only with great difficulty. There is, therefore, no doubt of any kind that the specimens form part of the deposit in which they occurred, which, without question, passes in under the very lofty cliff present at this spot.

PREVENTION OF RELAPSES IN CASES OF ARRESTED TUBERCULOSIS

To the Editor: —Since the publication of my article on the Prevention of Relapses in Cases of Arrested Tuberculosis Among Soldiers (The Journal, Feb. 22, 1919, p. 539), I have delivered addresses on this subject on a lecture tour extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. I received many suggestions and criticisms in the discussions which followed the reading of my paper as well as in letters. I desire to reply to the most important criticism, which is in reference to respiratory exercises. The thought was expressed by a number that respiratory exercises would stimulate the tuberculous process to greater activity. Another criticism was to the effect that a mistake might be made by the less experienced clinician in declaring a case arrested when in reality it was still active. To these criticisms I would reply that I was not prescribing respiratory exercises for the tuberculous patient, but for the

The Agents' Ledger—can it be Dispensed with?

In the discussion which followed the reading of my paper “Principles of Book-keeping for Insurance Students” (T.F.A. iv. 21), some remarks were made by Mr. M'Lauchlan about the Agents' Ledger, suggesting the possibility of doing without it. In the following paper I have attempted to show how this can be done, though I have gone on somewhat different lines from those he had in view at the time. Since this paper was written I have ascertained that some offices have dispensed with the Agents' Ledger, either altogether or to a large extent.

II.—On the Conversion of Chlorite into Biotite in Rock-Metamorphism

In a paper read before the Geological Society of London, in 1889, I contended that the biotite of the gneisses and schists of Malvern had been produced out of hornblende through the intermediate form of chlorite. As this mineral change is of capital importance in explaining the origin of the Malvern schists, I made it one of the principal topics of the paper, and I trusted that the evidence I offered in support of it would be considered adequate. The further communication on the Malvern rocks, which I read on April 26th of the present year, assumed the adequacy of this proof. I found, however, that in certain quarters some scepticism on the point still existed, and it was suggested that I had overlooked some of the chemical difficulties which seemed to forbid the acceptance of my view. I therefore crave permission to reply to this objection in these pages ; and I desire, at the same time, to point out that since the reading of my paper in 1889, the production of biotite from chlorite has been affirmed by several writers of admitted authority.

On some of the Practical Questions raised during the Discussion that followed the reading of my Paper printed in the “Journal” (vol. xxvii, p.362); and on a Further Use for my Tables in applying Profits to making Annual Premiums cease at an Earlier Age than fixed in the Policy

I believe there was a general concensus of opinion that the discussion which followed the reading of my paper at the sessional meeting of the Institute on 17 December 1888 (J.I.A., xxvii, 362) as an eminently practical one, and that another evening might usefully be devoted to a further discussion of many of the questions which were then raised.With the object, therefore, of starting the discussion again, I propose to examine, in a general way, some of the views which were then expressed; and to better carry out that object, I shall consider the subject under four heads. (1) Whether, in the formula , Px, should be the pure premium according to the mortality table and rate of interest used in the valuation, or some other value. (2) Whether d should be taken at the rate of interest used in the valuation, or at some other rate. (3) To what extent special refinements can be introduced, and how far they may be neglected in practice. (4) The superiority of ray tables for practical use over other methods.

The Basals of Eugeniacrinidæ

In the course of my paper on Trigonocrinus I had occasion to refer to the views held by various writers as to the position of the basals in the Eugeniacrinidæ. As the question was then gone into thoroughly, and as the occasion is so recent, it is unnecessary to recapitulate the arguments there employed. Suffice it to say that I adopted the opinions of Prof. E. Beyrich and Prof. K. von Zittel in preference to those of Mons. P. de Loriol § on the one hand, and of Dr. P. H. Carpenter ∥ on the other. Dr. Carpenter, who was present at the reading of my paper, and joined in the discussion, was not wholly convinced by my arguments; at the same time he admitted that, if the specimens alluded to by Beyrich and v. Zittel showed the course of the axial canals to be as described by those authors, then I should be entirely justified in following their views as to the basals, anomalous though the said views appeared to him to be. I had already spoken to Prof. v. Zittel on the subject and could not doubt the accuracy of his observations any more than his good faith. The sceptical attitude, however, maintained by Dr. Carpenter in all his discussions with me, both private and public, induced me to write to Prof. v. Zittel; for it should be remembered that neither Beyrich nor v. Zittel had ever described the actual specimens on which they based their conclusions, and

Further Remarks on the Valuation of Reversionary Life Interests

Nineteen years ago, in November 1868, Mr. Bailey communicated to the Institute (J.I.A., xiv, 437) some figures which showed in a very striking manner, the wide differences of opinion which formerly prevailed among actuaries, as to the terms upon which advances should he made upon the security of reversionary life interests. In the discussion which followed the reading of my paper “On the Valuation of Reversionary Life Interests”, he is reported to have said: “As showing the expediency of further “discussing the subject, he instanced a case which was submitted “several years ago to five well known actuaries, where the “redemption money for the contingent annuity was fixed hy A “at £282,000, by B at £237,000, by C at £184,000, by D at “£154,000, and by E at £47,000.” The differences here shown are certainly very remarkable, and not very creditable to the profession ; but, judging from certain figures which have lately come under my notice, I am inclined to think that the opinions of actuaries do not now differ so widely as formerly.

On the Adjustment of Mortality Tables

During the last session of the Institute of Actuaries, I had the honour to submit a paper, the purpose of which was to devise a method of adjustment as even and correct as that of Mr. Woolhouse, and more easy in application. This was to be done by combining two summations of numbers increasing by third differences; the summations being so chosen as to introduce small factors only into the formula, and to admit of its being worked in columnar shape. (Journal, vol. xxiii, page 335.)Thereupon, Mr. G. F. Hardy showed that Mr. Woolhouse's formula can be used in columnar shape; and Mr. Ackland, improving on Mr. Hardy's arrangement, contributed a table in which an adjustment of the HM decrement was so calculated. (Journal, xxiii, 354.)This important and unexpected result of the reading of my paper rendered it of little value, except that it supplied a short formula which may be convenient for use where a rough graduation only is required. Any degree of smoothness can be obtained by repeating the process; but this is tedious, and I would now furnish a formula derived in the same manner, and yielding a satisfactory adjustment by a single operation.

III. On the action of ozone on nuclei

After the reading of my paper on the 21st ultimo, Professor Stokes was so good as to suggest that some of my experiments should be repeated with ozone, prepared by the action of a coil, instead of that of phosphorus. Professor Guthrie was so kind as to furnish me with a couple of bottles of ozone, prepared by sending oxygen slowly through Wills’s generator in connexion with an induction coil.

On a new Area of Upper Cambrian Rocks in South Shropshire, with a Description of a new Fauna

In March 1874 I communicated to this Society a paper entitled, “On a Tremadoc area near the Wrekin in South Shropshire, with description of a new Fauna,” which was published in abstract in the Society's Journal, vol. xxx. p. 196. In that paper I described certain shales, commonly supposed to be Caradoc, which I had examined at Shineton, two miles S.S.W. of the Wrekin. In these shales I had found Conocoryphe, Lingulella , and other fossils of a Cambrian type; and from this and other evidence I had concluded the beds were of Tremadoc age. My views, however, were not accepted by the Fellows present at the reading of my paper, on account of the alleged imperfection of the fossil evidence; and, as I was at the time absent in America, I had no opportunity of defending my position. Since my return home I have collected more abundant and satisfactory evidence, both geological and palæontological, which I venture to think will establish my original conclusions. I have also made out some additional points of interest in the geology of the neighbourhood of the Wrekin. Previous Information. Sir R. Murchison has described the area under examination, from the Wrekin on the north-east to the May-Hill Sandstone at Kenley on the south-west, as composed of strata of Caradoc age, the Wrekin itself being an igneous outburst altering the Caradoc sandstone on its flanks into quartzite. The Geological Survey has followed Murchison, but has included, under the name of “quartzite,” certain sandstones in which

XIV. On the development and succession of the poison-fangs of snakes

In two papers which described the development of the teeth of Batrachia, Sauria, and Ophidia, which were laid before this Society, and appeared last year in the Philosophical Transactions, I gave a brief résumé of the literature of the subject, so far as it was then known to me. Between the dates of the reading of my paper and of its appearance in the Philosophical Transactions, Dr. Hertwig, of Jena, published a paper on the development of the teeth of Amphibia, in which the figures and the descriptions conform, in most essential particulars, with those accompanying my own paper. Although Dr. Hertwig does not include in his remarks the groups Sauria and Ophidia, I have gladly taken this opportunity to acknowledge his independent and practically contemporaneous publication of results nearly identical with my own. As I have so lately summarized the opinions of other observers upon the development of reptilian teeth ( cf . Phil. Trans, part i., 1875), it will not be necessary for me to recapitulate them again in this paper; but I may be allowed to pass directly to the peculiarities which mark the development of poison-fangs.

Formation of Flints

IN your report of the discussion that followed the reading of my paper on Flint, before the Geologists' Association on June 2nd, Prof. Morris is said to have asserted that the views I suggested were first propounded by Dr. Brown of Edinburgh. I think the Professor must have been slightly misrepresented in this; at all events I must most decidedly decline to be coupled with Dr. Brown, or to allow myself to be associated with his very remarkable statements. These may be found in the Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinb., vol. xv. He asserts that carbon is transmutable into silicon; at p. 229 he says, “Carbon and silicon are isomeric bodies, and that the former element may be converted into a substance presenting all the properties of the latter.” At p. 244, “3.04 grains of silicic acid were extracted from 5 grains of paracyanide of iron;” at p. 245, “5.4 grains of silicic acid were procured from 30 grains of the ferrocyanide of potassium,” and “there were obtained 9,334 grains of silica from 3,240 grains of ferrocyanide, although some of the product was lost in two of the operations.” The view I advocated as explanatory of the formation of flints was the substitution of silicon for carbon, not a transmutation, and I distinctly showed the source from which the silicon was derived. Dr. Brown's statements are so extraordinary that I could scarcely believe them serious. I find, however, in the same volume of the “Transactions” that they were most patiently examined and confuted by Dr. George Wilson and Mr. John Crombie Brown, and they say, “We tried the greater number of Dr. Brown's processes, and rejected them one after another without pursuing their investigation further, on finding they would not yield quantitative proofs of the conversion of carbon into silicon. The limited time, which from various circumstances we could devote to the subject, obliged us to follow this course; and the confident expectation we entertained till a recent period that each new process would supply what the rejected ones had failed to afford, led us to neglect noting many particulars of our early trials which otherwise we should have recorded. . . . In conclusion, we need scarcely say that we have been unable to supply any proof of the transmutability of carbon into silicon.”

Experimental Researches on the Granites of Ireland

I n the concluding part of my paper on the Granites of the Northeast of Ireland†, I have expressed the opinion that the granites of the neighbourhood of Newry are divisible, like those of Leinster, into two types, viz, potash- and soda-granites; and that, if a line north of east be drawn through Newry, the granites south of this line are potash-granites, including the Mourne granites, while the granites to the north of this line are soda-granites. As I have obtained additional confirmation of this opinion since the reading of my paper, it will be useful here to sum up the facts known relative to the two kinds of granite in the two districts under consideration.