Reading Experience Research Articles

Figurative Language in “The Beginning After The End” Volume 10 Novel by Turtleme

The use of figurative language in a novel is a powerful tool to enhance reading experience by employing metaphor, hyperbole, personification, and other figures of speech. The aim of this research is to discover the types of figurative language, the most frequent type of figurative language, and the main function of figurative language in The Beginning After The End Volume 10 novel by TurtleMe. This research uses qualitative research method. The theory in this research is based on a theory proposed by Perrine (1969). Based on the analysis result, study reveals that there are 10 types of figurative language with 90 data in total. They are simile (37 data), metaphor (9 data), personification (11 data), apostrophe (4 data), hyperbole (7 data), synecdoche (7 data), metonymy (7 data), irony (3 data), paradox (3 data), and symbol (2 data). Simile is the most frequent type of figurative language in the novel. Meanwhile, bringing additional imagery is the main function of figurative language in the novel. By shedding light on the use of figurative language in The Beginning After The End Volume 10 novel, this thesis provides valuable insights for educators and literary enthusiasts

One Text in Two Bodies

Reading scriptural texts aloud to congregations is a common practice in many religious traditions, yet receives little scholarly attention. This article encourages more scholarship on this phenomenon by focusing on the ritual manipulation of books of scriptures while reading. It analyses the social force of this religious practice by combining a theory of ritualizing scriptures in three dimensions with studies of oral readings by literacy scholars. Reading visible scriptures aloud to congregations mixes expressive and iconic ritualization, which makes it both inspiring and legitimizing. It also combines the divine voice of scripture and the community’s voice in the reader, whose voice speaks for both. Religious communities use scriptural expression as a means to include more people into congregational leadership. Literacy studies document how group reading experiences cast oral readers as representing the audience as much as the author. In reading aloud to a group, the reader expresses the group’s voice. Oral readings of visible scriptures can therefore inspire people and foster a sense of congregational unity through the ritual acceptance of scriptural authority.

A Cognitive Study of Deixis in TG Klune’s the House in the Cerulean Sea

This paper investigates the cognitive and linguistic features of deixis in T.J. Klune's The House in the Cerulean Sea. It examines how personal, temporal, geographical, rhetorical, and social deixis can enhance narrative immersion and reader engagement. The study uses mixed method to categorize deictic elements in the book. It argues that deictic shifts improve the reader's experience and narrative structure. By measuring the frequency and impact of deictic expressions, the study highlights their role in adjusting narrative pace, deepening thematic resonance, and engaging readers both intellectually and emotionally. The careful use of deictic phrases, especially those tied to interpersonal and geographical aspects, creates strong human connections and vivid setting descriptions. This intentional arrangement forms deep emotional bonds between readers and characters, leading to a rich and engaging environment. The paper explains how language and cognition enhance immersive reading experiences through emotional involvement and narrative understanding. Deictic changes show how narrative techniques affect reader engagement and the quality of the story.

Learning beyond books: A hybrid model to learn real‐world problems

AbstractThere are several initiatives underway to improve the learning of software developers. These attempts include the integration of GitHub into software engineering classes, the creation of learning management systems, gamification approaches, and collaborative learning platforms. These initiatives have demonstrated promise in boosting students' collaborative growth and cooperation abilities, emphasizing their potential influence on improving learning experiences in practical areas. Books, on the other hand, remain basic in education, but their physical size limits their ability to explore all practical elements of a topic in depth. This limitation requires more research and application of theoretical information in real‐world circumstances. In this work, we address the issue of limited space in traditional books that frequently prevents complete presentation of practical elements of a topic. To address this issue, we propose an application that improves the reading experience and accelerates the learning process. To anticipate themes, we use a combination of latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) algorithms and a generative pre‐trained transformer. First, utilizing LDA to find potential topic keywords inside the text and then leveraging generative pretrained transformer to predict topic names based on the LDA produced keywords. In addition, a query builder module produces and executes queries depending on the current page's topic, obtaining real‐world issues from Stack Overflow. The system classifies results by query‐title similarity, question‐answer ranking, and content quality before displaying them to users. This bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application. We illustrate the usefulness of suggested tool using simulations, comparison with existing tools and user studies. The majority of users provide favorable comments and find it interesting and helpful for improving the learning process.

Chinese-English Translation of Garden Imagery in Tourist Attraction Descriptions from the Perspective of “Three Beauties Theory”: A Case Study of Lotus Garden in Huzhou

This paper examines the translation of garden imagery in the introduction texts of Huzhou Lotus Garden from the perspective of the “Three Beauties Theory”. It categorizes the imagery and identifies issues such as cultural loss, style deviations, terminology inconsistencies, and the neglect of target cultures. Proposed are tailored translation techniques that align with the beauties of sense, sound, and form, aiming to enhance text quality and the reading experiences of tourists. This study refines the translation of tourist attractions and inspires cross-cultural communication.

Augmented reality books: in-depth insights into children's reading engagement.

Children's reading engagement is associated with the quality of their reading experiences and outcomes; however, research to date has only examined children's reading engagement within the context of traditional print books or digital texts. Augmented Reality represents a hybrid reading experience, where traditional paper books are augmented with digital features (e.g., animations, sounds, comprehension questions). This is the first study to examine children's perspectives and experiences of AR books, within the context of reading engagement. In total, 38 demographically diverse children (aged 8-10, 21 male, 17 English as an Additional Language, 14 ethnicities, nine with teacher-reported reading difficulties) from the UK participated. After reading an AR book, children participated in interviews about their reading engagement. Deductive (themes) and inductive (subthemes) approaches to thematic analysis were used, examining children's AR reading experiences within the context of their behavioral, cognitive, affective and social engagement. The majority of children found AR books easy to use, and provided examples of how AR books supported their behavioral engagement (e.g., desire to read more/extend reading practices), altered their cognitive engagement (e.g., reading strategies, visual representation/use of imagination, comprehension monitoring), influenced their affective engagement: (e.g., diverse positive feelings), and social engagement (e.g., prompted interaction and discussion), providing examples suggesting similarities and differences with traditional print books. This paper provides novel in-depth insights into children's perspectives and experiences of AR books, and provides a foundation for researchers, educators, and AR book designers interested in better supporting children's reading experiences and outcomes with AR books.

Library design, amenities, and services for enhancing the reading experience

This study explored user perspectives on library design elements, amenities, and services that can potentially enhance the reading experience. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire with 537 students. The majority of respondents (86.8%) reported enjoying reading in library environments. Regarding design aspects, having an integrated layout with shelves, chairs and tables cohesively arranged in the reading room was most appealing. Users also favored the presence of other readers and collaborative table designs. Group-study rooms were viewed positively, with 51.2% strongly liking the option to use them and perceiving benefits for learning. While opinions were divided on introducing food services, most supported adding new technologies like 3D printers, art galleries, and museum exhibits. Chi-square analysis revealed significant associations between enjoying library reading and preferences for shared reading spaces with other users (p = 0.024) and group-study rooms. In conclusion, fostering a sense of community, scholarly exchange, and integrated space conducive to focused reading emerged as key factors for enhancing the reading experience in libraries.

Optimizing Mobile Reading Experience: Adaptive Font Size Adjustment in a Context-Aware Application

The reading experience on a mobile device can be influenced by many external elements that affect the viewing conditions. The user holding position, operating style, and the light conditions of the surroundings can all play a crucial factor in the legibility of the text. Furthermore, the user’s eye conditions may be an extra factor to consider when determining how to improve the reading experience. This study presents a context-aware application that adjusts the text font size based on the distance between the user and the device. The users select their preferred font size at certain distances in the calibration phase, accounting for individual preferences or their eye conditions, and the application uses the device’s front camera to calculate the distance in real time and adjust the font size accordingly. We present implementation details and challenges faced during development and how they were addressed. A two-part experiment ([Formula: see text] = 34) revealed that the application scored an excellent usability score while no differences were found between users with and without eye conditions, showing that both user groups find it equally usable. Additionally, initial results suggest that the visual landmarks used showed a promising start at addressing issues related to our approach.

On language, children and books / Sobre lenguaje, infancia y libros

Understanding how children learn requires three levels of evidence: observations, correlations and experiments. Observations are necessary to allow one to describe patterns of behaviours, while correlational research is necessary to establish that the observed patterns are not due to chance and therefore suggests that they may also exist in the population. A critical integration of the accumulated evidence is necessary to establish testable models of how children learn. Then, interventions, using experimental paradigms, are necessary to assess whether the models established from the two previous steps actually account for child learning. Herein, I described the research that my colleagues and I conducted on reading books to young children — research that addressed the three levels of evidence described above. I also reviewed findings on how digital books can potentially be used to promote language and comprehension skills. Prior to doing so, however, I described the path that led me to study how children learn language from shared reading experiences. The conclusion provides avenues for future research.

MSKI-RADS: An MRI-based Musculoskeletal Infection Reporting and Data System for the Diagnosis of Extremity Infections.

Background Current terms used to describe the MRI findings for musculoskeletal infections are nonspecific and inconsistent. Purpose To develop and validate an MRI-based musculoskeletal infection classification and scoring system. Materials and Methods In this retrospective cross-sectional internal validation study, a Musculoskeletal Infection Reporting and Data System (MSKI-RADS) was designed. Adult patients with radiographs and MRI scans of suspected extremity infections with a known reference standard obtained between June 2015 and May 2019 were included. The scoring categories were as follows: 0, incomplete imaging; I, negative for infection; II, superficial soft-tissue infection; III, deeper soft-tissue infection; IV, possible osteomyelitis (OM); V, highly suggestive of OM and/or septic arthritis; VI, known OM; and NOS (not otherwise specified), nonspecific bone lesions. Interreader agreement for 20 radiologists from 13 institutions (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]) and true-positive rates of MSKI-RADS were calculated and the accuracy of final diagnoses rendered by the readers was compared using generalized estimating equations for clustered data. Results Among paired radiographs and MRI scans from 208 patients (133 male, 75 female; mean age, 55 years ± 13 [SD]), 20 were category I; 34, II; 35, III; 30, IV; 35, V; 18, VI; and 36, NOS. Moderate interreader agreement was observed among the 20 readers (ICC, 0.70; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.75). There was no evidence of correlation between reader experience and overall accuracy (P = .94). The highest true-positive rate was for MSKI-RADS I and NOS at 88.7% (95% CI: 84.6, 91.7). The true-positive rate was 73% (95% CI: 63, 80) for MSKI-RADS V. Overall reader accuracy using MSKI-RADS across all patients was 65% ± 5, higher than final reader diagnoses at 55% ± 7 (P < .001). Conclusion MSKI-RADS is a valid system for standardized terminology and recommended management of imaging findings of peripheral extremity infections across various musculoskeletal-fellowship-trained reader experience levels. © RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Schweitzer in this issue.

Fully Automated Deep Learning Model to Detect Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer at MRI.

Background Multiparametric MRI can help identify clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) (Gleason score ≥7) but is limited by reader experience and interobserver variability. In contrast, deep learning (DL) produces deterministic outputs. Purpose To develop a DL model to predict the presence of csPCa by using patient-level labels without information about tumor location and to compare its performance with that of radiologists. Materials and Methods Data from patients without known csPCa who underwent MRI from January 2017 to December 2019 at one of multiple sites of a single academic institution were retrospectively reviewed. A convolutional neural network was trained to predict csPCa from T2-weighted images, diffusion-weighted images, apparent diffusion coefficient maps, and T1-weighted contrast-enhanced images. The reference standard was pathologic diagnosis. Radiologist performance was evaluated as follows: Radiology reports were used for the internal test set, and four radiologists' PI-RADS ratings were used for the external (ProstateX) test set. The performance was compared using areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) and the DeLong test. Gradient-weighted class activation maps (Grad-CAMs) were used to show tumor localization. Results Among 5735 examinations in 5215 patients (mean age, 66 years ± 8 [SD]; all male), 1514 examinations (1454 patients) showed csPCa. In the internal test set (400 examinations), the AUC was 0.89 and 0.89 for the DL classifier and radiologists, respectively (P = .88). In the external test set (204 examinations), the AUC was 0.86 and 0.84 for the DL classifier and radiologists, respectively (P = .68). DL classifier plus radiologists had an AUC of 0.89 (P < .001). Grad-CAMs demonstrated activation over the csPCa lesion in 35 of 38 and 56 of 58 true-positive examinations in internal and external test sets, respectively. Conclusion The performance of a DL model was not different from that of radiologists in the detection of csPCa at MRI, and Grad-CAMs localized the tumor. © RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Johnson and Chandarana in this issue.

What we have learned about learning to read in a digital age and children's contemporary reading experiences

What we have learned about learning to read in a digital age and children's contemporary reading experiences

Optimization Strategies for Chinese-English Mixed Typography in Urban Spaces Based on User Reading Experience

Optimization Strategies for Chinese-English Mixed Typography in Urban Spaces Based on User Reading Experience

DiversiNews: Enriching News Consumption with Relevant Yet Diverse News Articles Retrieval

In the digital age, where echo chambers on social media and news platforms increasingly shape public opinion, there is a growing need for tools that present news consumers with a broad spectrum of perspectives. To this end, we introduce DiversiNews, a novel system designed to diversify news consumption by providing readers with articles that are not only relevant to their interests but also offer a variety of viewpoints. DiversiNews leverages state-of-the-art semantic text encoding techniques and implements advanced Diversity-aware k -Maximum Inner Product Search (D k MIPS) algorithms. Our demonstration highlights the potential of DiversiNews to broaden users' exposure to different viewpoints, thereby countering the polarizing effect of digital echo chambers. We showcase how DiversiNews can enrich the news reading experience, supporting the development of a more informed and balanced public discourse in digital news consumption applications.

Impact éloquent des mots empruntés et arabisés dans la traduction: Analyse des emprunts lexicaux dans les œuvres d’Al-Ghazāli «Al-munqid Min Addalâl (Erreur et Délivrance)» et «Le livre des Bons Usages en Matière de Mariage»

Eloquent Impact of Borrowed and Arabicized Words in Translation: Analysis of loanwords in Al- Ghazāli’s work «'Al-munqid min addalâl (Erreur et Délivrance)» and «Le livre des Bons Usages en Matière de Mariage» The Arabisation of words is a common practice in Arabic translation. It involves borrowing words from other languages and adjusting their phonetics to fit Arabic phonology. Sometimes, these words undergo semantic adaptations to fit into specific contexts, enriching the Arabic lexicon with essential terms. Such linguistic borrowings have seamlessly integrated into Arabic over time, serving both specialised and everyday functions. In the French translation of two works by Al-Ghazāli, "Al-munqid Min Addalâl (The Deliverance from Error)" and "Le livre des Bons Usages en Matière de Mariage (The Book of Good Practices in Marriage)," it is noteworthy that several Arabised words have been retained without translation. Instead, they are presented alongside their equivalents or with explanatory notes. The translator’decision to preserve these Arabised words by the translator reflects a desire to convey the original author's specific messages. It underlines a commitment to maintain the semantic depth of the original texts while honoring the cultural and linguistic richness of Arabic. These words imbue the analysed texts with profound meaning, adding a semantic dimension that enhances the works in both Arabic and French. This approach caters to a French readership interested in exploring the nuances of Al-Ghazāli's works, ensuring the integrity of his writings is preserved. It guarantees an authentic and comprehensive reading experience that captures the richness and subtleties of the original texts.

READING ACROSS BOUNDARIES: CULTURAL CONFLICTS AND REMEDIES

Reading, according to Butterflies et al. (2020), is a cognitive process involving the decoding of written symbols to extract or construct meaning. However, from a pragmatist perspective, this notion is outdated and insufficient. Reading is no longer merely a passive act of decoding thoughts. Instead, it should be perceived as an active and dynamic interaction between the reader and the text. A student interpretation of a text is significantly influenced by their schemata, which includes cultural background knowledge, personal experiences, and prior understanding. This perspective does not discount the crucial role of linguistic knowledge in reading comprehension. Instead, it highlights the fact that cultural knowledge is equally essential for achieving a complete and genuine understanding of the text. Linguistic and cultural knowledge are interconnected and should not be viewed in isolation. When these elements are separated, the reader fails to grasp the full significance and richness of what they are reading, resulting in an incomplete and superficial interpretation. This paper argues that to fully comprehend a text, both linguistic and cultural contexts must be considered together, providing a holistic and meaningful reading experience for students.&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Article visualizations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="/-counters-/soc/0736/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Fragments and traces: uncovering Sabine Winn’s reading experiences, 1734–1798

ABSTRACT Sabine Winn (1734–1798) was an elite Swiss woman who moved to England upon her marriage to Rowland Winn, the fifth Baronet of Nostell Priory in Wakefield. Like many eighteenth-century married women, Sabine’s archival traces are fragmentary because of the split-nature of her life between Switzerland, Nostell and London. This article embraces fragmented evidence to partially reconstruct Sabine’s reading experiences through her surviving book collection and personal papers. This article points to new methodological approaches by making space for the books on the shelves that contain little to no sign of readership and including non-textual, material signs of reading such as library furniture. By focusing on just one reader in a family library where generations of a family sit alongside each other on the shelves, this article demonstrates that in family spaces readers accessed far more than the fragmentary collection left on the shelves today.

Symbology and Codes in Dan Brown’s Origin

This paper explores the intricate web of symbology and codes found within Dan Brown's gripping novel, Origin. As a renowned master of blending history, art, science and religion, Brown weaves a tale that captivates readers with a labyrinth of symbols and enigmatic ciphers. Through an analysis of key elements in the narrative, this study aims to shed light on the significance of symbolism and cryptographic puzzles as essential devices in the plot's development. Drawing upon Brown's signature writing style, the paper examines the role of religious symbology, ancient texts and iconic art and architecture, intertwining them with scientific theories to craft a compelling narrative. The central focus lies in the protagonist, Robert Langdon, a symbologist, whose expertise in languages and linguistics plays a pivotal role in deciphering messages and solving the mystery at hand. Jean Moréas' Symbolist Manifesto (1886) is a foundational text in the development of literary symbolism. In this manifesto, Moréas emphasized the importance of symbolism in art and literature, advocating for a departure from naturalism and realism. He proposed that artists should focus on conveying emotions and ideas through symbols, rather than direct representation. Applying Moréas' theory of symbolism, the researcher analyzes how Dan Brown employs symbols and codes as key elements in Origin. By analyzing the relationship between language and technological innovation, the study aims to unveil how these elements converge to heighten the intrigue and suspense in the novel. It delves into the significance of linguistic techniques and cryptic passages, as tools for building suspense and enriching the reading experience. Langdon reveals meanings and ideas inherent in symbols and codes and demystifies the concepts- "Where do we come from?" and "Where are we going?"

Shared Book Reading Experiences for Young Children Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems

Shared Book Reading Experiences for Young Children Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems

Interobserver Agreement of visual and semi-quantitative methods in 99mTc-Methoxy-Isobuty-Isonitrile (MIBI) imaging for risk stratification of hypofunctional thyroid nodules.

99mTc-Methoxy-Isobuty-Isonitrile (MIBI) imaging is used for risk stratifications of hypofunctioning thyroid nodules (TNs). MIBI uptake in the nodular tissue is compared to the uptake in the paranodular thyroid tissue. MIBI imaging may be interpreted visually and/or semi-quantitatively. This study aimed to evaluate the interobserver agreement (IOA) of different methods of interpreting MIBI imaging (visual and semi-quantitative approaches). MIBI imaging data from 2018 to 2020 were collected. Four readers with varying work experience prospectively evaluated MIBI images (planar, SPECT/CT) visually and semi-quantitatively (Wash-Out Index (WOI)). After identifying the nodules on 99mTc-pertechnetate scintigram, the readers evaluated MIBI imaging data by using early, late, early-to-late, and SPECT late acquisitions. Region of interests (ROIs) were defined for semi-quantitative analysis and average counts were calculated using the WOI formula (by Campenni et al.) 1 2. IOA was assessed using Fleiss Kappa, Pearson correlation and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). 23 patients with hypofunctioning nodules were included. Kappa analysis revealed an IOA of 0.57 for all readers for early imaging (moderate agreement); perfect matches were found in 57%. For late imaging, the IOA was 0.48 (moderate) for all, with perfect matches in 48%. The visual pattern (early-to-late) exhibited an IOA of 0.45 for all, with perfect matches in 57%. SPECT/CT evaluation showed an overall IOA of 0.44, with perfect matches in 48%. The semi-quantitative approach WOI yielded an overall result of 0.64 (good agreement) and perfect matches in 91%. The IOA for WOI was higher than for visual methods. The WOI is independent of the reader's experience level. Visual analysis requires a certain level of experience from the reader.