Book Reading Research Articles

Lacanian realism: Literatura de la crisis and Ángel Zapata's aesthetic of failure

AbstractSince Spain's socio‐economic crisis of the 2010s, critical approaches have analysed the surge in literature which addresses the crisis's political and socio‐economic consequences. These approaches have largely assessed literature by its capacity to raise readers' awareness of capitalist exploitation. However, if we follow Slavoj Žižek's claim that capitalist ideology operates not by hiding its exploitation process but by cynically disavowing it, this raises the question: how can the role of literature be to raise readers' awareness if they are already cynically aware of capitalist exploitation? To explore whether this question of cynicism is applicable to Spanish politics and literature, I contend that Ángel Zapata's book Luz de tormenta (2018) proposes an aesthetic experience in which no awareness is raised. Rather, following a Lacanian theory of subjectivity, I argue that through Zapata's book readers experience subjectivity as inherently lacking, thereby interrupting the process by which capitalism perpetuates itself (its promise to fill that lack).

Maternal Media Use and Infant Media Exposure are Associated with Developmental Outcomes at 4 and 8 Months

SYNOPSIS Objective. Early screen exposure is associated with poorer attention, inhibitory control, and language development outcomes. However, the content and context of media exposure are better predictors of outcomes than overall amount. The present study evaluated whether infants’ digital media exposure and maternal digital media use were concurrently and longitudinally associated with infant development in 187 infants at 4 and 8 months. Design. Mothers completed a questionnaire on family media exposure in different contexts, the short form of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories, and the Developmental Profile 3. A series of multiple linear regressions was performed to investigate associations between media use and infant development in the socioemotional, communicative and cognitive domains. Results. Positive maternal strategies such as using media for educating and amusing the infant were positively associated with socioemotional development at 4 months of age; time dedicated to reading books with the infant (either electronic or paper books) and using screens to communicate were positively associated with infant communicative and socioemotional development at 8 months of age. Mothers’ overall usage of media and use of digital media during childhood routines, as well as the time infants spent daily on a device at 4 and 8 months of age, were associated with lower emerging socioemotional and communicative skills. Conclusions. Findings highlight the potentially positive and negative impacts of very early digital media exposure and could have public health significance.

From pages to practice: improving reading comprehension and learning strategies through physics learning

Abstract The study presents the effects of an educational intervention designed in the physics and Spanish classroom to encourage reading comprehension and learning strategies for meaningful learning. The intervention includes the reading of popular science books and group-level activities for solving a sequence of physics questions, conducted over an academic semester (2022) in a sample of 9th and 10th grade students from a secondary school in Chile. The study features a pre-experimental design with pre and post-tests to measure reading comprehension, learning strategies, student working networks during the intervention, and academic performance. Statistical comparisons show significant changes in reading comprehension, and improvements in learning strategies consistent with a transition towards strategic and meaningful learning orientations. Analysis of the collaboration networks allows us to understand these changes from a relational perspective, characterising subgroups and their development. These findings highlight the importance of reading exercises and group-level activities for human development, while social interactions offer alternative insights to understand the classroom experience.

Bibliotherapy to prevent bullying. A systematic review

Bullying is a serious social and health problem due to the dimensions it reaches and the consequences it entails. Since the application of bibliotherapy in pediatric and educational social-health interventions has been shown to be effective, it can be assumed that it can also be used as a bullying prevention tool. This paper presents a systematic review of studies on the use of reading books against bullying. In order to carry out the review, a search was conducted, without restriction of language, dates or databases, through BRAIN (acronym in Spanish for Learning and Research Resource Finder) of the King Juan Carlos University of Madrid. Twelve of the 2,604 records initially identified met the established search, selection and inclusion criteria. In this article, these 12 papers are analyzed. The data extracted from the analysis allow us to confirm the validity and usefulness of bibliotherapy to help prevent and address bullying.

Relationship between participation in leisure activities and the maintenance of successful aging in older Chinese adults: a 4-year longitudinal study

BackgroundIt is critical to age successfully for general health considering the aging of the global population. Successful aging is an important indicator to assess whether older individuals are experiencing a healthy life and high-quality aging. This study aimed to explore the longitudinal relationship between the frequency and number of participation in leisure activities and the maintenance of successful aging.MethodsThis longitudinal study included a total of 1,828 Chinese adults aged 60 years or older. The following six activities were gathered to reflect leisure activities: reading books or newspapers, gardening work, playing mahjong or cards, listening to radio or watching TV, raising pets or domestic animals, and engaging in social activities. We evaluated successful aging using a multidimensional model which includes the following five components: better self-reported health, good psychological status, high cognitive function, free of disability, and better physical activity level.ResultsThis study showed a retention rate of 58.4% for successful aging during a 4-year follow-up. Participants who frequently engaged in reading books or newspapers, gardening work, playing mahjong or cards, and listening to radio or watching TV, had higher rates of future successful aging maintenance (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.04–2.22 to 1.89, 95% CI: 1.26–2.812) than those who never participated in these activities. Compared to those with 0 leisure activity, participants with 3 (OR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.14–2.77) and 4–6 (OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.01–2.71) leisure activities had a greater probability of maintaining successful aging.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that individuals who participated more frequently in more leisure activities had a higher chance of the maintenance of successful aging in older adults. Encouraging older people to frequently participate in a greater variety of leisure activities may be an effective way to maintain successful aging over time.

Lifestyle, Environment, and Dietary Measures Impacting Cognitive Impairment: The Evidence Base for Cognitive Subtypes

: Cognition includes all phases of valid functions and processes, e.g., sensitivity, judgment, assessment, and decision-making. Thinking is also a cognitive procedure since it involves considering potential opportunities. There are various types of cognition. Hot cognition involves mental procedures where emotion plays a role, while cold cognition includes mental processes that do not include feelings or emotions. Cognitive memories of various types include sensor memory, sensing touch, smell, and sight; short-term memory allows one to recall, e.g., what one had for lunch a few days ago; working memory includes remembering telephone numbers or directions to a destination; and long-term memory comprises of major milestones in life and recalling one’s childhood events. These are further classified as episodic, e.g., the first day in primary school, and semantic memories, such as recalling the capital city of a country and filling out crossword puzzles. Declarative memories include remembering significant past events, such as global information. Cognition is affected by factors, such as nutrition, aging, addiction, environment, mental health, physical activity, smoking, and keeping the brain active. Consumption of plant- based foods plays a prominent role in the prevention of cognitive memory. Playing games and instruments, reading books, and being socially active make life more satisfying, thus assisting in the preservation of mental function and slowing mental decline.

Efforts to Improve Numeracy Literacy Skills of Grade V Students of Elementary School 067694 Medan Through Differentiated Learning

Improving the Numeracy Literacy Skills of Grade V students at SD 067694 Medan is the main objective of this Classroom Action Research. Some high-class students still have difficulty in using mathematical symbols, difficulty interpreting existing data, and making decisions from the analysis they have done. Several efforts have been made such as reading books 15 minutes before entering class, but the results have not been significant in students' numeracy literacy skills. So it is necessary to focus more on smaller subjects in this case the class, and class V was chosen because it does not interfere with the program and for preparation for graduation later. The instruments used in this PTK consist of numeracy literacy test instruments, student activity observation sheets and interviews. The first action taken is to apply differentiated learning based on students' learning styles (Audio, Visual, and kinesthetic), obstacles found in cycle I related to the devices used and students' inflexibility in participating in group learning. In Cycle II, adjusting the condition of the device, and adjusting the number of learning media used. Of the four indicators of numeracy literacy that have increased, the indicator that appears to have a significant increase is the indicator of drawing conclusions. After the actions of cycle I and cycle II were carried out, the students' conclusions were more argumentative and provided quite appropriate reasons. Then, when viewed from the students' learning styles, the activities carried out by students in cycle II were more focused than in cycle I. However, from both cycles, students with a kinesthetic learning style in each learning activity were increasingly active, when participating in learning with learning media.

Teachers’ and kindergartners’ perceptions of children’s participation in interactive book reading

Children learn language through participating in language-rich activities such as book reading. This longitudinal qualitative study explored the perception of 11 teachers and 78 kindergartners regarding children’s participation in book-reading in order to understand how it is experienced by those most involved in this activity. Each participant was interviewed three times, before, after and 3-month after a professional development program on interactive book reading. The reflexive thematic analysis yielded four themes describing: 1) the shift from a more adult-controlled to a more spontaneous child participation; 2) the challenges teachers faced in facilitating children’s participation while maintaining the rhythm of the story; 3) the evolution of children’s perceptions of their role in reading; and 4) children’s perceptions of the relationship between their behavior and their right to participate. The findings have implications for supporting collaboration between teachers and school-based speech-language pathologists to facilitate the implementation of language-supportive practices in the classroom.

Monitoring Oral Reading Fluency From Electronic Shared Book Reading: Insights From a Full‐Length Book Reading Study With Relay Reader®

Monitoring Oral Reading Fluency From Electronic Shared Book Reading: Insights From a Full‐Length Book Reading Study With Relay Reader®

Action Research on Picture Book Reading Activities for Kindergarteners in Large Classes under the STEAM Concept

The STEAM education philosophy, as an emerging educational concept in recent years, has gained a dominant position in the educational systems of various countries due to its modernization and progressiveness. This philosophy emphasizes interdisciplinary teaching methods, focusing on the development of comprehensive abilities in learners. Many countries have integrated STEAM education into their kindergartens, and China has also begun to explore the integration of STEAM education into early childhood teaching activities.In kindergartens, STEAM education is more often integrated into scientific activities, with less emphasis on picture book reading activities. The author believes that integrating STEAM education into picture book reading activities is highly feasible and valuable for research. This paper, considering the age characteristics of young children and various other factors, conducts an action research study on the integration of STEAM education into picture book reading activities for older kindergarten children. Through action research, it is concluded that integrating STEAM education into picture book reading activities for older kindergarten children can improve their classroom participation, develop their self-exploration abilities, and foster the development of various abilities. The paper also proposes suggestions for the localization of STEAM education in China and further integration into picture book reading teaching activities.

Parent Teaching Using the Enhanced Moved by Reading to Accelerate Comprehension in English Intelligent Tutoring System to Teach Question-Asking During Shared Book Reading in Latino Families.

The Parent-Enhanced Moved by Reading to Accelerate Comprehension in English (Parent EMBRACE) program offers a bilingual parent-training literacy intervention for Latino families. Within the context of shared book reading, the application leverages both the home language and technology to increase parent question-asking during shared reading. Research goals were to (a) examine the potential of the Parent EMBRACE tutoring system at teaching parents to increase the quantity and variety of their question-asking during shared book reading, (b) examine changes to parents' reading attitudes or motivation, and (c) examine whether children's reading attitude is correlated with parent interactions. Twenty-one participants were randomized into three conditions: a digital storybook (DS) group (n = 7), an interactive storybook (EMBRACE) group (n = 6), and a parent-teaching interactive storybook (Parent EMBRACE) group (n = 8). Participants received iPads with digital storybooks for use during the intervention (in which the parent-teaching group received prompts from the app to ask questions while reading). Shared book reading assessments before and after the intervention involved hard-copy books, and behaviors were analyzed using video-recorded reading sessions before and after the intervention. Group differences were explored using descriptive analysis. Reading attitude and motivation were measured through pre- and post-intervention surveys. The relationship between parent interactions and reading attitudes was explored through regression. Results indicate that after the intervention, four out of seven parents in the parent-teaching interactive storybook group asked more questions to their children. Parents' reading attitudes and motivations did not significantly change. There was a nonlinear relationship with parent interactions and children's reading attitude. Overall, the Parent EMBRACE tool shows feasibility and warrants further study on its efficacy as a linguistically responsive literacy-based language intervention for Latino parents to develop shared book reading strategies.

Konsep Manajemen Layanan Penempatan dan Penyaluran dalam Bimbingan dan Konseling

Placement and channeling service management in guidance and counseling is a systematic approach that aims to help individuals find the right path in education, career, and social life. This concept involves several key components, including identification of counselee needs, evaluation of potential, and development of an appropriate placement plan. The method used in this research is qualitative with a type of literature study with activities that include searching, reviewing, reading books or journals relevant to the research. The main purpose of this service management is to facilitate the transition process of individuals from education to the world of work, as well as support their personal development. This involves collaboration between counselors, educational institutions, and industry to ensure that clients receive the necessary information and resources. The findings of this study are to discuss (1) Definition of placement and channeling services, (2) Forms of placement and channeling services, (3) Mechanisms of placement and channeling services, (4) Purpose of placement and channeling services, and (5) Assessment of counseling guidance in placement and channeling services. The purpose of this research is to describe and explain the management of placement and channeling services.

THE INTERACTİON OF KNOWLEDGE WİTH INDUSTRY, SOCİETY AND THE INDİVİDUAL İN PAULO COELHO’S “THE ALCHEMİST”

In this study, Paulo Coelho's The Alchemist, published in 1988, is examined in terms of the characteristics of the industrial period, and the interaction between industry, society, individuals, and knowledge is analyzed. In The Alchemist, the increasing importance of knowledge and books is emphasized, and the value of knowledge and written sources is symbolized by the main character, Santiago, standing in front of a collapsed church. This symbolizes the transition from medieval thought to scientific and rational approaches in the industrial period. While the ruined church reflects the negative aspects of the past, the large fig tree in front of it represents life and rebirth. The main character embarks on a journey by selling his sheep to fulfill his dreams, acquiring new knowledge and skills in the process. Shepherding is portrayed as an educational profession and is associated with religious elements. Santiago’s desire to deepen his knowledge and improve himself, his solitude, and his expression of the joy of life through books reflect the industrial society's emphasis on individuality. A shepherd who reads books and has access to information and innovations demonstrates the transformation of professional roles in society and the democratization of access to knowledge. Furthermore, the positive aspects of openness to change and innovation, the importance of knowledge and practical experience, are highlighted in the novel, and the processes of wisdom and individual development are analyzed.

“She feels and thinks”: Mother's emotion and mental state talk on book reading activities

Mother's emotion and mental state talk (EMST) in storybook reading context has been reported to be positively correlated with children's social understanding. Previous findings postulate that cultural context and book formats could affect the emergence of EMST. On the contrary, research about the EMST in the Indonesian cultural context and in various book formats is limited. Hence, further research needs to be conducted to explore the characteristics of EMST in Indonesian families. The current study aims to analyze which type of EMST is preferred by mothers in Indonesia, the frequency of EMST usage across various levels of reading difficulty, and the functions of EMST among Indonesian mothers. Secondary data were analyzed qualitatively from parents' video recordings of reading book activities. The main findings of this research suggest that, while most participants reported utilizing desire talk as a means of EMST, they were more likely to emphasize character descriptions, storylines, or general knowledge compared to EMST in shared book reading sessions. The lack of spontaneous EMST in Indonesian mothers may reflect the cultural influence on the expression of emotions and mental states in everyday life.

Examining an Explicit Phonological Awareness Intervention: The Impact on First Sound Fluency in Young Children.

The authors evaluated the ability of typically developing preschool children to acquire the phonemic awareness skill of first sound fluency (FSF) when trained through an explicit modeling treatment paradigm. Three preschool children participated in a single-case A-B-A research design in which the independent variable was shared book reading between professional and child with embedded modeling of first sounds in words and the dependent variable was the participants' ability to produce first sounds in words in response to the professional's auditory probes. A baseline phase included sessions without intervention. An intervention phase followed with sessions of explicit modeling of first sounds with hierarchal cueing and a follow-up phase. All three participants demonstrated immediate behavior change in an accelerating trend direction for FSF performance which was achieved after five sessions. However, the children's accuracy in producing first sounds in words was not maintained at levels expected for any of the participants. Suggestions are provided for how this strategy can be used and adapted by clinicians and educators to prepare preschool children for phonologically based emergent literacy skills needed to succeed in kindergarten.

Kesar Saga: A Critical Perspective of Ladakh

Ladakh is bounded by rich folklores, folktales, and folk ballads. Out of all the stories, the Kesar saga is the most popular and loved by one and all. All the people of the Ladakh region have grown up listening to the Kesar saga. The epic Kesar has influenced both the Buddhist and the Muslim communities of the region of Ladakh. Though it is the dominating folktale of the region, yet not much research has been done on the subject till date and hence, it needs to be studied properly. In this connection, I am attempting to reimage this heroic tale from the Ladakhi perspective and also to preserve it in the changing times especially when folk narratives are snatched by modern technologies. The attempt is also to make the lesser-known Himalayan regional literature known to a larger audience. Generally, the tradition of storytelling is an important part of Ladakhi culture and tradition, but today due to modern technology like mobile gadgets, television, etc. people are seen drifting away from their traditions keeping themselves busy in their own world of modernism. As a result, today this important practice of oral storytelling is fast vanishing. Therefore, bringing the stories in writing is becoming more urgent than before. So, in the future with technological development; the stories may stay as a source of entertainment and knowledge to the book readers.

Implementation of Merdeka Learning Curriculum with Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project at State Primary School

This study aims to describe the implementation of the Merdeka learning curriculum and the Pancasila student profile strengthening project, as well as the obstacles and impacts that arise from its implementation. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method. The informants taken in this study were 5 people who were directly related to this study. The data collection techniques obtained were observation, interviews, and documentation in data analysis using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the Merdeka learning curriculum and the Pancasila student profile strengthening project have been implemented in stages at SD Negeri 03 Rantau Alai and are running well as intracurricular and co-curricular learning. Problems that arise in the implementation of the Merdeka learning curriculum and the Pancasila student profile strengthening project are the lack of relevant reading books, teacher competence in the use of supporting technology, and limited internet access. All existing obstacles have been overcome by adding relevant reading books, conducting teacher training forming learning communities, and adding signal boosters (modems).

Mendalamkan Spiritualitas dan Meluaskan Intelektualitas: Kajian Tematik dalam al-Quran

As times goes by, the reality of the world grew more rapidly. As period gets older, the technology also get longer more advanced. Advance in technology certainly make the majority of millennials become lazy to read. This reality is proven to be among Indonesian millennial generation, namely from the many syndromes playing games both offline and online. The rapid development of the world technology with all its features pamper young people more often open social media than reading books. As a result, intellectuality appears to be declining. On the other side, there is prioritize intellectual than spiritual. Here the author will examine how the message of the Qur'an will strive for between spirituality and intellectuality simultaneously, especially in this millennial era. In this study, the type of research use qualitative descriptive where the purpose of this study is to present events or facts, circumstances, phenomena, variables and circumstances that occur during the study by presenting what actually happened. The result of this study is in improving spiritual and intellectual in this millennial era, by implication it is necessary to smoothen 3 things, there are: 1. With Faith 2. Increase all good deeds to Allah 3. Always increase the pieties. These three concepts are expected to deepen spiritually and improve intellectually in this millennial era

Strategies to support language development in neonatal intensive care unit: a narrative review.

Despite neonatal intensive care advancements and quality improvements, preterm infants often experience delays in speech and language development during early childhood. The etiological pathway of language delays is multifactorial, including younger gestational age at birth, male sex, pregnancy complications including gestational diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia, organic pathology from neonatal morbidities, environmental factors of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and prolonged hospitalization, home environment including socioeconomic status and parental education, and parent-infant interactions. As early language experiences and environments are crucial for the development of language processing, strategies to support language development should be implemented from the NICU onward. This study aimed to summarize evidence-based strategies for language development through an extensive review of nutrition, NICU environment, language and sound exposure, developmental care interventions, and family-centered care. Promoting breastfeeding, increasing parent-infant interactions in a single-family room setting, nurturing the language environment via parental book reading and language interventions, and parent-integrated interventions in the NICU could potentially enhance language development among preterm infants. These supportive strategies can be integrated through family-centered care, which recognizes parents as primary caregivers and collaborative partners.

Picturebooks Increase the Frequency and Diversity of Emotion Vocabulary in Children’s Language Environments: Modeling Potential Benefits to Emotional Literacy, with Pedagogical Resources

ABSTRACT Research Findings: This study examines the frequency and diversity of emotion vocabulary in children’s picturebooks, as well as its deviation from typical spoken language environments. We analyzed a corpus of 2146 transcripts of individuals reading picturebooks aloud on social media platforms, using an emotion-specific vocabulary list, and two emotion-related word lists: the Valence Aware Dictionary for Sentiment Reasoning (VADER) List, and the NRC Word-Emotion Lexicon Intensity Lists. Models of daily input assess how regular book reading impacts the diversity and quantity of emotion vocabulary in children’s language environments. The findings reveal that emotion vocabulary in children’s picturebooks is more diverse than found in typical samples of child-directed speech and that regular reading substantially increases exposure to emotion vocabulary in the language environment of children beyond their input from child-directed speech alone. The study underscores the significant role of regular picturebook reading in enriching children’s quantity and quality of emotion vocabulary exposure and the opportunities this may provide for emotional literacy development. Practice or Policy: The findings are supplemented with emotion vocabulary wordlists produced by the study and provided here (https://tinyurl.com/4pvcb8b4). These constitute new resources for supporting children’s emotion vocabulary acquisition during early education and development.