Reactors For Power Production Research Articles

Simulation-Based Design and Economic Evaluation of a Novel Internally Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor for Power Production with Integrated CO2 Capture

Limiting global temperature rise to well below 2 °C according to the Paris climate accord will require accelerated development, scale-up, and commercialization of innovative and environmentally friendly reactor concepts. Simulation-based design can play a central role in achieving this goal by decreasing the number of costly and time-consuming experimental scale-up steps. To illustrate this approach, a multiscale computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach was utilized in this study to simulate a novel internally circulating fluidized bed reactor (ICR) for power production with integrated CO2 capture on an industrial scale. These simulations were made computationally feasible by using closures in a filtered two-fluid model (fTFM) to model the effects of important subgrid multiphase structures. The CFD simulations provided valuable insight regarding ICR behavior, predicting that CO2 capture efficiencies and purities above 95% can be achieved, and proposing a reasonable reactor size. The results from the reactor simulations were then used as input for an economic evaluation of an ICR-based natural gas combined cycle power plant. The economic performance results showed that the ICR plant can achieve a CO2 avoidance cost as low as $58/ton. Future work will investigate additional firing after the ICR to reach the high inlet temperatures of modern gas turbines.

Design and Analysis on Initial Core for Pb‐Bı Cooled Fast Reactors using Modıfıed CANDLE Burn-up Approach

Nuclear reactor for power production which can directly consume natural Uranium has some advantages, e.g., no necessity to bult enrichment plant which may drive controversy such as in the case of Iran. CANDLE and Modified CANDLE type reactors are an example of Nuclear Power plant which can directly consume natural Uranium in its fuel cycle. In this study the preliminary analysis of start-up process of modified CANDLE burn-up scheme based long life Pb-Bi Cooled Fast Reactors has been performed. The basic strategy is to put different plutonium content in each core regions by considering its equilibrium plutonium content in each region. The system then is started as a Modified CANDLE reactor system until relatively stable cycle obtained. The calculation has been done by using SLAROM, SRAC, and FI-ITB CH1 system codes. Two dimensional multi-group diffusion and burn-up calculation has been adopted during simulation. As results, the start-up scheme of several Modified CANDLE core with power level of 1150-1350 MWt have been performed. In this case LWR plutonium is used to initiate the MCANDLE reactors. The simulation results show that the system can work well with maximum excess reactivity of 3% dk/k

Research and Development Work on Nuclear Reactors for Power Production in Russia

The directions and content of research and development work on nuclear reactors for civilian power production, conducted in the USSR and in Russia presently, are presented. The development of technological directions of channel and vessel water-cooled reactors, fast reactors with liquid-metal coolant, gas-cooled reactors, low-capacity nuclear power for isolated users is studied. Continuity and development of new directions as factors in the present-day trends of nuclear power in Russia are discussed.

Utilization of transuranium nuclides in fast reactors for power production

Utilization of transuranium nuclides in fast reactors for power production

Radioactive Contamination of the Environment in the Cincinnati Area

use of radioisotopes in industry, medicine, and research institutions ; mining and chemical processing of uranium ore; nuclear reactors for power production or research ; chemical processing of spent reactor elements for the recovery of nuclear fuel ; fallout due to testing nuclear devices. Information pertaining to the location of these sources in a particular area is made known to state boards of health

Development of gas-cooled reactors for power production

The paper reviews the possible development of gas-cooled graphite-moderated reactors for power production. It is shown that larger reactors of the Calder Hall type will produce electric power at a competitive cost in the United Kingdom. A very promising line of development is towards higher-temperature operation, since this increases both the heat rating of the reactor and the overall efficiency of the plant, although it requires the development of new materials, particularly for cladding the uranium. As higher temperatures are reached, interest is stimulated in the oxide and carbide forms of uranium, and for very high temperatures an all-ceramic reactor core has been suggested. The paper describes the use of recycled plutonium as a fuel, showing that under certain circumstances this is possible with a natural-uranium fuel. Comparison is also made of the relative merits of a number of possible coolant gases. It is concluded that, given research and development effort, the gas-cooled graphite-moderated reactor is capable of considerable development. For the base-load application, cheaper power should be possible, and the range of application may be extended to smaller power units tailored for specific purposes.

Electronic Analog Devices for Design of Reactor Controls

Nuclear reactors for power production require essentially two control regimes-one for start-up and the other about design point power. The start-up regime requires controls and instrumentation for neutron flux. The power regime is one in which temperatures must be controlled. The Bell-Strauss simulator has been used successfully for development of neutron flux control equipment. Nuclear power plant simulation requires a more elaborate analog computer such as the present ORNL nuclear plant simulator. This computer has been used successfully for designing servo mechanisms for rod control, temperature regulation and heat dump control for power reactor designs. Some of these applications are described.