Reactive Red Research Articles

Application of PVDF/HDTMA-modified clinoptilolite nanocomposite membranes in removal of reactive dye from aqueous solution

Nowadays, dye-containing effluents are one of the important environmental issues which attracted researcher attentions extensively. Among different methods, used for dye containing effluents treatment, membrane technology has been considered recently. In this study, neat polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiltration membrane and nanocomposite membranes containing clinoptilolite nanoparticles, modified with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactants (PVDF/HDTMA-modified clinoptilolite), were fabricated by wet phase inversion method and their performance in reactive red 120 (RR120) separation from aqueous solution, was investigated. Morphology, surface roughness, functional groups, hydrophilicity and pore size of the fabricated membranes were characterized respectively by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle measurement (CA), and gravimetric tests. The separation properties of the membranes were also determined by permeation and rejection experiments. Gravimetric test results showed that the average pore size decreased from 5.72 nm in neat PVDF membrane to 4.41 nm in the membrane containing 2.5 wt% HDTMA-modified clinoptilolite nanoparticles. Considering contact angle results of the neat PVDF membrane (CA = 77.5°) and nanocomposite membrane containing 2.5% nanoparticles (CA = 63.7°) it was found that hydrophilicity of the nanocomposite membranes increase as HDTMA-modified clinoptilolite nanoparticles content increases in the polymer matrix. Permeation test results showed that 98.5% of RR120 can be separated by using a nanocomposite membranes containing 2.5 wt% HDTMA-modified clinoptilolite nanoparticles while its flux can be recovered to 96%.

Influence of Nickel concentration on the photocatalytic dye degradation (methylene blue and reactive red 120) and antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles

This study assessed the synergistic effect of Ni concentration and ultrasonic assisted process on the photocatalytic dye degradation efficiency towards methylene blue (MB) and reactive red 120 (RR120) and antibacterial activity against various bacteria of ZnO nanoparticles. XRD confirms the absence of any other impurity peaks in Nickel (Ni) doped ZnO nanoparticles, disclose that Ni doping influences the lattice structure of Zn. The obvious red-shift with the increase of Ni concentration results in decreased band gap and transmittance. SEM micrograph confirms the formation of hexagonal rod and sheet like nanostructures in the Ni doped ZnO nanoparticles by the ultrasonic assisted co-precipitation method. The Ni doped ZnO nanoparticles control the recombination of charge carriers and increase the photocatalytic degradation of MB and RR120. The antibacterial result revealed that 5% Ni substituted sample is effective as an antibacterial agent to prevent the bacterial contamination. 5% Ni doped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by ultrasonic assisted coprecipitation method is an excellent candidate for removal of methylene blue and bacteria.

A Comparative Study on the Adsorption of Two Remazol Dyes on Green Adsorbent

Due to the large amount of wastewater discharged by the textile industry, many alternative researches have been undertaken in recent years to effectively remove textile dyes from water. In our study, the adsorption from aqueous solution of two important textile dyes, reactive azo dyes Remazol Red (RR) and Remazol Blue (RB) was studied with calcined chicken eggshell (Gallus Gallus domesticus) adsorbent. Batch biosorption studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of various parameters, such as contact time, initial dye concentration, amount of adsorbent, and pH, to determine the optimal adsorption parameters (Remazol Brilliant Red F3B: Ci=20 mg/l, 1.5g adsorbent, 160 μm, 700 rpm, pH=6.0�0.2, T=20�2 oC, where E%=97.3; Remazol Brilliant Blue R: Ci=20 mg/l, 1.5 g adsorbent, 160 μm, 700 rpm, pH=6.0�0.2, T=20�2oC, where E%=98.8). The changes in morphological structure were evaluated by SEM analysis. The experimental isotherm data were analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Temkin isotherm models. Biosorption kinetics data were tested using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, where in our experimental conditions the biosorption followed a pseudo-second-order reaction. EDS analyses were carried out, and bioconcentration factors were calculated before and after adsorption. The results of this study indicate that adsorption with calcined eggshell is a promising, feasible, reliable and eco-friendly method for Remazol textile dye removal from aqueous solutions.

REMOVAL OF REACTIVE RED 120 IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING Mg-HYDROTALCITES AS ADSORBENTS SOLIDS: KINETICS AND ISOTHERMS

Reactive red 120 (RR120) is a widely used dye in the textile industry but its release in aqueous wastewater is a serious problem due to its toxicity and low biodegradability. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the trivalent cation of magnesium-based materials type hydrotalcite as adsorbents applied to RR120 dye removal in aqueous solution. The samples were synthesized by continuous coprecipitation and were characterized by surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction and temperature-programmed desorption of CO2. Dye adsorption tests were carried out using different adsorbent dosages and contact time. The kinetic adsorption was studied for the pseudo-first and pseudo-second order models. The equilibrium adsorption data were fitted to the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models. The most suitable adsorption conditions were found at a residence time of 60 min and solid dosage of 2.5 g/Lfor HDL-MgFe, 2 g/L for HDL-MgAl and HC-Mg. The results showed that pseudo-second order model, as well as the Langmuir and Redlich-Peterson models best described the removal process. The Al containing compound presented the best results due to a better interaction between strength and number of basic sites.

Biodegradation and biosorption of Reactive Red 120 dye by immobilized Pseudomonas guariconensis: Kinetic and toxicity study.

Reactive dyes are pernicious pollutants in textile effluent, which are to be treated passably before discharging into the environment. In the present study, a potential dye degrading bacterial strain Pseudomonas guariconensis was isolated from paddy rhizosphere and was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The biodegradation ability of the strain was evaluated by time-based study with immobilized bacterial cells in calcium alginate biocarrier matrix and also with free cells. The results indicated that the strain exhibited maximum degradation of 91% when immobilized in the biocarrier matrix. The enzymatic study revealed the production of oxidoreductase enzymes. The degraded products were identified as 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid and benzoquinone by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis, and a degradative pathway was derived based on the enzymatic profile. A packed bed column was designed using P.guariconensis VITSAJ5 immobilized in calcium alginate beads as a biosorbent for the removal of Reactive Red 120. The immobilized bacterial cells exhibited 87% uptake of RR120, whereas the nonimmobilized bacterial cells exhibited a maximum uptake of 37%. The phytotoxicity analysis by seed germination assay revealed an enhanced plumule and radicle length, indicating the nontoxic byproducts after the treatment of Reactive Red 120 by VITSAJ5 compared to the untreated Reactive Red 120 solution. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Current study is the first report on Pseudomonas guariconensis capable of degrading reactive dyes (Reactive Red 120) It was observed that the degradation potential was maximum when cells were immobilized with Ca-Ag biocarrier matrix Breakdown metabolism of Reactive Red 120 was derived through pathway prediction Employing immobilized bacteria in a packed bed column found to possess a prominent biosorption ability on the matrix enhancing the degradation process Toxic reactive dye was converted into nontoxic compounds, evidenced by phytotoxicity studies.

Pyrrhotite Ash Waste for Capacitive Adsorption and Fixed-Bed Column Studies: Application for Reactive Red 141 Dye

The purpose of this research was to use pyrrhotite ash, a residue from the phosphate industry, as an adsorbent material for the removal of reactive red 141 (RR141) dye from aqueous solution. The collected pyrrhotite ash was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDAX), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and pHpzc. In batch assays, diverse operating parameters impacting the dye removal were scrutinized such as pH, contact time, initial RR141 concentration, temperature, and pyrrhotite ash dose. The equilibrium of adsorption was obtained after 60 min contact time, and 97% of RR141 dye was adsorbed at ambient temperature. The isotherm of Langmuir and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model yield a suitable fit for the obtained batch experimental data; thermodynamic parameter analysis reveals the spontaneous, exothermic aspect of adsorption. Fixed bed column experiments were also tested to probe the effectiveness of pyrrhotite ash for applications in continuous mode. The breakthrough curve was described by the models of Yoon–Nelson and Thomas.

Removal of textile dyes from single and binary component systems by Persian bentonite and a mixed adsorbent of bentonite/charred dolomite

A research was undertaken into the adsorption of Basic Violet 16 (BV16) and Reactive Red 195 (RR195) in single or binary dye solutions on natural bentonite (NB), and a commercially available bentonite ('standard bentonite'; SB) in a batch mode. Groundwater samples were treated with single and mixed adsorbents consisting of natural bentonite/charred dolomite and standard bentonite/charred dolomite. The respective maximum adsorption capacities of 434.78 mg g−1 and 833.33 mg g−1 for natural bentonite and 500 mg g−1 and 1111.11 mg g−1 for standard bentonite were obtained to remove BV16. Thus, the adsorption capacity for BV16 doubled in the presence of the anionic dye demonstrating synergistic effects. Moreover, the amount of RR195 adsorbed on bentonite remarkably increased in the presence of the cationic dye BV16. The adsorption equilibrium data for both types of bentonites fitted the Langmuir isotherm model more adequately than the Freundlich isotherm model in single- and binary-component experiments. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model described in depth the adsorption of BV16 and RR195 on both types of bentonites in single and binary dye solutions. In multi-adsorbent systems, results showed that the adsorption behavior of bentonite toward BV16 and charred dolomite toward RR195 was selective, indicating the electrostatic adsorption mechanism. For both dyes most removal efficiencies (> 50 %) achieved with the mixed adsorbent were >70 %. The reusability of bentonite using 1 N NaOH for 5 cycles is indicative of the economic benefits which could be achieved from natural bentonite.

Osmotic dewatering accelerates inherent sluggish kinetics of electro-Fenton process: Toward sustainable removal of organic contaminants

Refractory organic pollutants, especially at low concentrations, are very slowly degradable through a heterogeneous electro-Fenton (EF) process. This drawback, caused by limited mass transfer between in-situ produced oxidizing agents and organic molecules, negatively affects the overall performance of EF and thus restricts its large-scale deployment. In this study, we provided an innovative solution by integrating the EF process with an osmotically driven membrane technology to overcome this challenge. Osmotic dewatering was conducted to extract water continuously from the EF cell and keep the kinetics of oxidation reaction in its fast state. The hybrid process was operated in two different modes, EF – Forward osmosis (FO) and EF – pressure retarded osmosis (PRO), where the membrane active layer and underlying support faced the feed solution, respectively. Rhodamine B (RhB) and Reactive Red 120 (RR120) were utilized as probe organic contaminants and their degradation rate, total organic carbon (TOC) decay, mineralization current efficiency (MCE), and specific energy consumption (SEC) were evaluated for a single EF and hybrid EF-FO and EF-PRO processes. Comparing with a single EF reaction, TOC decay improved by 57.9 ± 2% and 70.4 ± 6% using EF-FO and EF-PRO processes, respectively. Overall, MCE of hybrid processes surpassed 100% while it remained under 50% for a single EF reaction. SEC calculations showed a significant reduction in energy consumption, by almost one-third, when the EF reaction is integrated with the FO process. To demonstrate the practicality of our hybrid process at a very low concentration of organic pollutants, RhB-containing solution with an initial concentration of 2 ppm was subjected to EF and EF-PRO processes. EF-PRO system demonstrated 88.1% TOC removal which was 3-fold higher than that of a single EF process.

Removal of Reactive Red 120 from Model Textile Waste Solution by Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration

The textile wastewater effluents discharged into the water bodies is one of the main issues of environmental contamination. A novel process which results particularly suitable for the treatment of this effluent is the Micellar-enhanced Ultrafiltration (MEUF). The possibility of removing Reactive Red-120 dye using the MEUF process with Cetylpyridinium Bromide as a surfactant has been investigated in this experiment. The total Flux and Rejection properties were analysed at varying concentrations of the surfactant, and combination of salts. The application of MEUF process is very appreciable owing to the efficiency it renders being at par with the levels of RO or NF but at a much cheaper cost.

Design and cost analysis of batch adsorber systems for removal of dyes from contaminated groundwater using natural low-cost adsorbents

Batch adsorbers were designed for the adsorption of the fabric dyes Basic Violet 16 (BV16) and Reactive Red 195 (RR195) on locally available low-cost natural adsorbents of Persian bentonite, vermicompost and Persian charred dolomite. The adsorption isotherm data were in agreement with the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 > 99%). Results showed that with increasing the adsorption capacity of bentonite for BV16 from 434.78 to 833.33 mg/g due to the presence of the anionic dye, the amount of the adsorbent decreases by 50%. The adsorption capacity of vermicompost for the cationic dye was obtained 16 mg/g in single dye solution and of charred dolomite for the anionic dye was almost 7 mg/g in both dye systems. Based on the extended Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacity of natural bentonite for BV16 and of charred dolomite for RR195 were concluded 821.63 mg/g and 7.03 mg/g, respectively, which the capacities are almost the same in single and binary systems. The adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of Persian bentonite from contaminated water are comparable with that of activated carbon. Compared to activated carbon bentonite and the other natural adsorbents used in this study are less expensive and do not require a separate activation or pre-treatment step. Cost for 90% removal of dye from 100 m3 groundwater using 1 kg the studied adsorbents of vermicompost, charred dolomite and bentonite was calculated 0.06, 0.05 and 0.04 euro, respectively, in both single and binary systems.

Environment-friendly Juncus effusus-based adsorbent with a three-dimensional network structure for highly efficient removal of dyes from wastewater

The increasing contamination of water from textile dyes is one of the major environmental problems facing humanity, which has stimulated extensive investigation of fabricating adsorbents with high removal efficiency and excellent adsorption capacity towards textile dyes. Nature has engineered some intriguing high-performance materials that may be excellent sustainable materials for water purification use. Herein, we report a novel Juncus effusus (JE)-based adsorbent with a three-dimensional network structure and interconnected channels for dye removal from wastewater. To further enhance its adsorption capacity towards textile dyes, the biodegradable chitosan (CS) was employed for the chemical modification of the JE fiber. The results showed that the CS–JE fibers exhibited a high adsorption capacity towards three types of anionic dyes at the temperature of 296 K: 526.3 mg g−1 for C.I. Acid Yellow 11 (AY11), 452.5 mg g−1 for C.I. Reactive Red 195 (RR195), and 255.1 mg g−1 for C.I. Direct Blue 15 (DB15), which outperforms most of the reported CS-modified adsorbents. The Langmuir model satisfactorily fitted the equilibrium adsorption curves of the CS–JE fibers. Throughout the kinetics studies, the adsorption fitted well with the pseudo-second-order model and exhibited a two-stage of intraparticle diffusion, indicating the adsorption of the investigated dyes onto the CS-JE fiber is rather complex that both the external surface adsorption and intraparticle diffusion occurred simultaneously. Finally, taking advantage of the specific 3D network structure and interconnect channels of the CS-JE fiber, a vertically oriented CS–JE cake was fabricated using CS–JE fibers for continuous filtration of dyes from wastewater. The cake exhibited high flow flux and rapid filtration performance under continuous flow without requiring additional pressure. The present work confirmed that the CS-JE composite can be a promising candidate for wastewater treatment.

The photodegradation of tri-dyes in the real textile effluent of S.I.T.E industrial zone of Karachi city based on central composite design

ABSTRACT The study was successfully carried out in the presence of UV light using TiO2 and H2O2 system to purify the real textile discharge from tri-dyes namely Yellow 145(Y145), Reactive Red 195(RR195), Blue 222(Blue222). This work was based on Central Composite Design (CCD) to find out the optimum levels of four factors, namely, pH, TiO2, H2O2 and irradiation time for the effective removal of tri-dyes and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from the effluent. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the obtained data found out the values of regression coefficient (R2) for the dyes in the order of 49.6%, 58.3%, 83.6%, for RR195, Blue222 and Y145, respectively. At the optimum levels of the factors, the colour removals were greater than 87% and the COD removal was found to be 85%. Afterwards, the electrical energy per order (EEO) was also determined. Therefore, the treatment was proved as an alternative purifier method for the real textile discharge.

Photocatalytic Fuel Cell Based on Zinc Oxide Loaded Carbon Plate Photoanode for Simultaneous Photocatalytic Degradation of Azo Dyes and Electricity Generation

Photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) is promising to own its synchronous degradation of organic pollutants with electricity generation under illumination of light. The oxidation and reduction process promote the conversion of chemical energy in the pollutants into electrical energy. In this study, PFC is driven by the electrode reactions between the zinc oxide loaded carbon plate (ZnO/C) photoanode and carbon plate cathode under irradiation of UVA light. The ZnO/C photoanode was successfully fabricated by using simple ultrasonication-annealed method and investigated by XRD, SEM and EDX. To investigate the capability of the PFC, reactive red 120 (RR120), congo red (CR) and acid orange 7 (AO7) are employed well compared among themselves. The results indicated that the molecular structure of azo dyes with different adsorption of light by dye itself, number of azo bonds and sulfonic groups can be the crucial factors of decolorization in the PFC. The photocatalytic fuel cell with AO7 as sacrificial agent was able to perform 82.43% of decolorization efficiency, a maximum short circuit current (JSC) of 0.0017 mA cm-2 and maximum power density (Pmax) of 0.0886 µW cm-2.

Design of a new low cost natural phosphate doped by nickel oxide nanoparticles for capacitive adsorption of reactive red 141 azo dye

Nickel oxide doped natural phosphate (NP/NiO) nanoparticles were thermally synthesized for effective adsorption of Reactive Red 141 (RR141) as toxic dye model, characterization methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray analysis(SEM-EDAX)and have been employed to identify the adsorbent. Surface area and pore size volume were determined by the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) method. Environmental factors such as pH, time of contact, initial RR141 concentration, the dose of adsorbent and solution temperature have been all put to the test to evaluate optimum adsorption activity. Thermal processing NP/NiO at 1% NiO doping percentage was effectual for exhibiting best adsorption behavior at an annealing temperature of 600 °C. Furthermore, batch experiments revealed significant adsorption activity reaching 96%. The maximal adsorption capacity was found to be 38.91 mg of RR 141 per 0.1 g of the adsorbent in only 40min of contact, at an initial colorant concentration of 20 mg L−1, pH 6 at ambient temperature and a volume of 100 ml. Langmuir isotherm model was more adequate to describe the adsorption process than the Freundlich model. The rate mechanism of the adsorption process was determined from the intraparticle diffusion model, Boyd plot revealed that the adsorption of the dye on the NP/NiO was mainly governed by film diffusion. Moreover, the dye adsorption was spontaneous and exothermic. The mechanism of adsorption may involve chemical adsorption through hydrogen bonding mechanism and electrostatic interactions between the dye molecules and the adsorbent. Thermal regeneration was feasible only for three cycles, the adsorbent also showed great potential for real textile wastewater treatment.

Formation of an amorphous carbon nitride/titania composite for photocatalytic degradation of RR4 dye

A composite of amorphous carbon nitride and titanium dioxide (a-C3N4/TiO2) has been successfully synthesized using urea and P25-TiO2 under microwave irradiation. The characterizations suggested that the carbon nitride component of the a-C3N4/TiO2 composite prepared sample is the best described as amorphous like structure containing carbonyl and amine functionality. This amorphous carbon nitrite (a-C3N4) is coated on TiO2 surface with 2.5–3.9 nm of thin thickness layer detected by HRTEM. The low bandgap energy of a-C3N4 in a-C3N4/TiO2 induce this amorphous acted as electron injector. The a-C3N4/TiO2 provide a lower electron-hole recombination as compared with P25-TiO2 base PL intensity. The photocatalytic activities of a-C3N4/TiO2 and P25-TiO2 were compared for the photodegradation of the dye reactive red 4 (RR4) under low intensity visible light irradiation source (273 W m−2). The photocatalytic degradation of RR4 for a-C3N4/TiO2 was degrade completely within 60 min under visible light irradiation, approximately 5.3 times faster than P25-TiO2. This almost equivalent to their electron-hole recombination rate based on PL intensity. The hybridization of these two semiconductors have shown some improvement photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation that influenced from the low bandgap energy of a-C3N4, which can act as an electron injector and electron hole recombination inhibitor.

Application of electrochemical treatment for the removal of triazine dye using aluminium electrodes

AbstractTextile effluents contain triazine-substituted reactive dyes that cause health problems such as cancer, birth defects, and hormone damage. An electrochemical process was employed effectively to degrade azo reactive dye with the aim of reducing the production of carcinogenic chemicals during biodegradation. Textile dye C.I. Reactive Red 2 (RR2), a model pollutant that contains dichloro triazine ring, was subjected to the electrocoagulation process using aluminium (Al) electrodes. A maximum of 97% of colour and 72% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies were achieved and 9.5 kWh/kg dye electrical energy and 0.8 kg Al/kg dye electrode consumption were observed. The dye removal mechanism was studied by analysing the results of UV-Vis spectra of RR2 and treated samples at various time intervals during electrocoagulation. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectral studies were used for analysing the electrocoagulated flocs. The results indicate that in this process the dye gets removed by adsorption and there is no significant carcinogenic by-product formation during the degradation of dye.

Enhanced textile wastewater treatment by a novel biofilm carrier with adsorbed nutrients

Abstract This work aimed to enhance the biodegradation of synthetic textile wastewater using pyrolyzed sludge from an effluent treatment plant of a textile industry as biofilm carrier. The control carrier was compared to a carrier supplemented with nutrients (potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen, calcium, and sulfur) that were sequentially adsorbed. These nutrients are essential for microbial metabolism. First, the decolorization of the azo dye Reactive Red 141 (RR141) was tested and then, the biodegradation of synthetic textile wastewater was analyzed. The microorganisms present in each condition were identified by mass spectrometry. The supplemented carrier enhanced RR141 decolorization 3.6-fold and 1.8-fold when compared to free biomass and control carrier, respectively. The dye biodegradation followed a pseudo-second-order kinetics. The use of the supplemented carrier increased the rate constant 4.3-fold and 13.8-fold in relation to the use of control carrier and free biomass, respectively. For the synthetic textile wastewater, the supplemented carrier enhanced the decolorization 2.9-fold and 1.6-fold compared to free biomass and control carrier, respectively. The decolorization also followed pseudo-second-order kinetics, and there were increases of 8.8-fold and 3.5-fold in the rate constant with the use of the supplemented carrier in relation to free biomass and control carrier, respectively. Biofilm microorganisms were identified by mass spectrometry, which showed the presence of aerobic (Lysinibaciullus fusiformis for example) and facultative anaerobic (Escherichia coli and Kosakonia cowanii) species. The supplementation of the biofilm carrier with nutrients can be an interesting alternative for the effective treatment of more complex effluents, such as textile wastewater.

English

Textile industry is a continuous source of colored wastewater. This wastewater frequently used for irrigation purpose in many underdeveloped countries including Pakistan. In this study, we isolated the bacterial strains capable of decolorizing dyes and promote the plant growth. Hence to decolorize the reactive red 120 (RR120), the strain WS-D/183 was optimized following response surface methodology (RSM) based modeling approach. Moreover, strain WS-D/183 was also assessed for plant growth promoting characteristics. Results revealed that the strain WS-D/183 showed a good potential for decolorization of structurally diverse types of azo dyes on reaction with a mixture of heavy metal ions (Cr6+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Pb2+). This strain concurrently removed reactive dyes (100 mg L-1 ) and reduced Cr(VI). Results showed that each dye was decolorized up to 90% except reactive yellow-2 which was decolorized up to 57.4%. Furthermore, the bacterium reduced Cr(VI) by 41 to 95% along with concurrent decolorization of RR120. This bacterium was also found to carry plant growth promoting traits including inorganic phosphate solubilization (497.6 ± 14.8 µg mL-1 ) and indole-3-acetic acid production (21.07 ± 0.9 µg mL-1 ). A phytotoxicity evaluation study indicated that irrigation of mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] with RR120, Cr(VI) and RR120+Cr(VI) contaminated waters treated with the strain WS-D/183 enhanced germination along with plumule and radical length of seedlings. Results suggested that Pseudomonas sp. WS-D/183 is a valuable addition to the bioresources, which can be used to devise textile wastewater treatment strategies as well as for integrated bioremediation and plant growth promotion in agricultural soils contaminated with textile wastewaters. © 2020 Friends Science Publishers

Diaminoethane-crosslinked polyetherimide nanofiltration membrane for textile wastewater dye removal

In this work, diaminoethane (DAE) is applied to improve the properties of polyetherimide (PEI) nanofiltration (NF) membranes via crosslinking process with the core objective of removal of textile dye from wastewater. The membranes were fabricated by phase inversion thin film casting technique, from PEI/acetone/NMP (n-methyl pyrollidone) dope solution, crosslinked with DAE 2.5 % v/v in methanol. The novelty of this study is that DAE has never been utilized to crosslink PEI NF membrane for removal of dye from textile wastewater. In this study, the parameters of composition of polyetherimide dope solution having acetone as non-solvent content are investigated to obtain a potential membrane for clarifying wastewater, which is one of major problems in Indonesia. A model dye was utilized, namely Reactive Red 120 (RR120) as a synthetic wastewater. It is found that the rejection of dye is increased along with the acetone content, and also by the crosslinking duration. The crosslinking between PEI and DAE is analyzed from the physical and chemical aspects, by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. A good performance in nanofiltration of RR120 synthetic dye wastewater is demonstrated with 92-98% dye rejection, which is quite reasonable compared to previous researches. This PEI-DAE NF is therefore promising not just for sustainable waste management, but also for the innovation and development in the ecology and environment of Indonesia.

Adsorption characteristics and electrochemical performance of reactive red onto magnetic MgFe2O4 nanoparticles prepared via a facile alcohol combustion process

Magnetic MgFe2O4 nanoparticles were prepared successfully via a facile alcohol combustion process and applied to remove the reactive red (RR) from aqueous solution. Characterizations of the as-prepared MgFe2O4 nanoparticles were performed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the transmission electron microscope (TEM), the X-ray diffraction (XRD), the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) measurement. The adsorption characteristics of RR onto MgFe2O4 nanoparticles at room temperature were investigated. Compared with the pseudo-first-order and intraparticle diffusion model, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model could be applied to evaluate the adsorption performance of RR onto MgFe2O4 nanoparticles in a range of initial concentration of 100–400 mg/L. Based on the values of the correlation coefficients, the equilibrium experimental data related to the adsorption of RR showed that the adsorption performance followed the Langmuir isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity of 119.07 mg/g. The obtained results implied that the adsorption mechanism of RR onto MgFe2O4 nanoparticles at room temperature was the monolayer adsorption.