Reached Saturation Point Research Articles

EFFECTS OF ACTIVATED TIME ON STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF PLATED PLANT FIBER NONWOVEN SHEETS

In this work, the effects of activated time on the structural properties of plated plant fiber nonwoven sheet were investigated systematically using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results showed that there existed a saturated adsorption state on the surface of sheet in the PdCl2 solution. The adsorbed rate and saturated adsorption capacity increased with the increase of PdCl2 concentration. As a result, the deposited quantity and crystallization characteristics of plated nonwoven sheets were firstly enhanced and then unchanged with increase of activated time. The Pd-adsorbed capacity reached saturation point when the activated time was 16[Formula: see text]min. The maximum plated quantity was 0.02 and 0.028[Formula: see text]g/cm2 when the concentration of activating solution was 0.015 and 0.15[Formula: see text]g/L on the surface of sheet.

Persepsi Masyarakat tentang Citra Pemerintah Kota Medan Melalui Akun Media Sosial Instagram @humas_pemkomedan

This research is based on the social media account of Instagram @humas_pemkomedan which contains the image of Medan City Government. The purpose of this study to determine the public perception about the image of Medan City Government through social media accounts Instagram. Theories used in this study include the theoretical description of communication, perception, society, image, social media, Instagram. The research method used is qualitative descriptive method. Selection of informants here is the people of Medan City who follow social media accounts Instagram @humas_pemkomedan and informants in this study following the principle of saturation where if the data needed is still less will be done addition of informants to get new information until the data obtained reach saturation point that if from the source is the same, then the data collection through the interview is stopped. Data collection  techniques were conducted  by semi-structured interviews to all informants, and the results of this study showed that where the perception of the image is described into the first two aspects through Instagram profile and the second is the content of Instagram @humas_pemkomedan consisting of 6 categories of uploads are as follows: The activities of Medan city administration, news reports on work, information and appeal, congratulations, videos, figures, then Public Perceptions About Government Image Medan City Through Social Media Account Instagram is tend to be positive.

MOTIVASI INTRINSIK DAN EXTRINSIK PADA PENINGKATAN KINERJA (STUDI KASUS PADA HEPI POTATO (PIPO))

This research is done with a purpose of knowing how the evaluation of the work motivation that has an impact on the performance of the members of Hepi Potato (PIPO). Methods that was used for this research is qualitative approach. The data retrieval process is done by interview method. The researcher interviewed 4 informants, they are 2 members of PIPO, a facilitator lecturer of PIPO, and a motivation expert. The aim of this research is to improve the performance of the members of PIPO by evaluating their work motivation. Based on the result of the interview, it has been found that the performance of PIPO was already good enough but has not maximum yet so it still can be improved, while for the valuation of the work motivation in PIPO decreased because of the rushing activity and has reached saturation point. The result of this research is that to increase the work motivation in PIPO, each member must search for internal motivation first and each member has to be open with one another so they can support each other. Other than motivation, there are other factors that can improve the performance which are direct supervisor and organizational culture.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON OPTIMISED COMPOSITION OF WATER BASED NITRATE SALT SOLUTION FOR SENSIBLE HEAT STORAGE

Objective: To find out factors like specific heat, heat capacity and heat loss. Method/Analysis: Sodium nitrate (NaNO3) is mixed in water with different weight quantity like 100g, 200g, 300g last 600g and potassium nitrate (KNO3 ) is mixed in water with weight quantity 100g, 200g, 300g and 400g. Findings: Total heat holding storage is more in NaNO3 than KNO3 , but KNO3 has better energy holding capacity. But KNO3 is reached saturation point in 1 litter water while NaNO3 went up 600g without reaching saturation. Novelty/Improvement: Results shows big molecule has low heat capacity and more Total heat or energy holding storage. Keywords: Energy Holding Capacity (EHC), Potassium Nitrate (KNO3 ), Sodium Nitrate (NaNO3 ), Sustainable Development, Thermal Capacity (TC), Thermal Storage Fluid System

Emerging trends in the profession of Biokinetics: A 10 year perspective (2007-2017)

The consistent review of developing patterns in any healthcare profession is important, as this allows the determination of whether the current practitioner registry meets the healthcare demands, or whether the patient market has become oversaturated with practitioners. The South African Biokinetics profession has been established for 35 years, but as never undergone an examination of its developing trends. The aim was to determine the emerging trends of the HPCSA registered students-in-training, intern-biokineticists, and practitioners. Additionally to ascertain whether the practicing biokinetic registry is equitable to the potential South African private healthcare demand. The HPCSA Annual Reports of 2012/2013 and 2016/2017 identified the number of students-in-training, intern-biokineticists and biokineticists. CMS reports of 2013-2015 identified the South African NCDs and HIV/AIDS prevalence. Annual students-in-training, intern-biokineticists, and practitioner registrations are growing at average of 4.6%, 43.5% and 6.5% per year. However, the conversion of intern-biokineticists to practitioners is progressively dwindling, nevertheless, this attrition of intern-biokineticists is not significant (p>0.05). Positive growth in students-in-training, intern-biokineticists and practitioners HPCSA registrations were identified. The number of practicing biokineticists in the South African private healthcare sector is reaching saturation point relating to the rehabilitation of NCDs and HIV/AIDS patients. Key words: Intern-biokineticist, attrition and growth.

Characterization of AC current sensor based on giant magnetoresistance and coil for power meter design

Electric current is the basic variable of measurement in instrumentation system. One of the current measurements had been developed was based on magnetic sensor. Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) produces an output voltage when it detects the magnetic field from electric current flow. The purpose of this study was to characterize the response of GMR when variation number of coil was given. The characterization was the GMR voltage response to the AC current values from 0.01 A to 5.00 A. The linearity of the relation was reaching saturation point when the magnetic field measured higher than 10.5 Oe at room temperature. As the number of coil increased, the earlier saturation occurred. To see the sensitivity of the sensor response, the data graph was cut off at 1.56 A AC. From this research, we got single coil was ideal to measure electric current higher than 1.56 A AC, as the relation of GMR voltage to the current tended to maintain its linearity. For measurement of 1.56 A AC and less, coil number addition would increase the sensitivity of sensor response. This research hopefully will be benefit for further development using an electric current measurement based on GMR magnetic sensor for power meter design.

Low Cost Humidity Sensor Based on PANI/PEDOT:PSS Printed on Paper

The production of low cost sensors to monitor environment in some industrial sectors is a current need. In aviculture centers, for example, the concentration of ammonia gas is related to humidity, and it is necessary to control it to avoid contamination. With this need in mind, this paper presents the preparation and characterization of a low cost humidity sensor based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) and polyaniline fully printed onto paper by a commercial HP printer. Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, an equivalent circuit containing resistive and capacitive parameters was proposed. The resistive parameter R1 is related to values of ambient humidity. The R1 values showed a sensitive response of 200% when relative humidity changes 80%, taking 10 min to reach saturation point. Moreover, the device showed good stability when humidity remained constant. These results indicate that the proposed device is suitable for applying as a humidity sensor that costs less than 1 Euro cent.

MASERASI ALKALI DARI BATANG PISANG (Musa paradisiaca) MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT AQUADEST

The purpose of this research is to determine the time of alkali absorption from banana stem in semibatch and batch. In this study maceration maseration is a leaching process used to obtain the time required for solvent to absorb alkali in banana stem ash. While the batch system maseration is a leaching process used to obtain the time required for the solvent to reach saturation point (stop absorbing). Data collection techniques in this research are: sample preparation and drying of banana stem, banana stalking process banana stem, brazing ash process of banana stem in semibatch and batch, and determination of alkaline content by titration method. From result of research can be concluded that banana stem potentially serve as source of alkali because potassium (K2O) and sodium (Na2O) content in banana ash sticks respectively 36,19% and 13,99%. Water content and yield of banana ash sticks were 78.6% and 17.7%, respectively. The time for the semibatch system is obtained in 72 hours, while for the batch system was obtained in 12 days. Normalities of alkali extracts in semibatch and batch maceration still increased. Where in the ratio of banana stem ash/solvent is 1 gram / 25 ml; 2 gram / 25 ml; 3 gram / 25 ml; and 4 gram / 25 ml respectively had a normality value that still increased from 0.219 N to 0.567 N; 0.407 N to 0.891 N; 0.578 N to 1,315 N; and 0.819 N to 1,345 N. The highest permeated alkali yield was obtained ratio (banana stem ash/ solvent) 1 gram / 25 ml of 52.37%.

An Assessment of the Impact of the Mentoring Programme on Student Performance

The University of Venda introduced an academic mentoring programme in 2012. The introduction of the programme was in response to the results of a national study that was conducted by Scott, Yeld and Hendry (2007). The study was replicated at institutional level by the then University of Venda Deputy Vice-Principal Academic and the then acting Director of the Centre for Higher Education Teaching and Learning and it yielded similar results that indicated that at least 30% of undergraduate students drop out at the end of their first year. Using Margaret Archer’s morphogenetic framework, this paper seeks to assess the impact of the programme on students’ performance. The key question asked in this study is: ‘What impact has the mentoring programme made on the academic performance of students in the Department of Communication and Applied Language Studies?’ This department formed part of this study because the module lecturer was among the first few who exercised her agency by consciously volunteering to join the programme with the hope that it would improve pass rate. The pass rate improved from 80% to 92% the first time the programme was implemented and it has been high ever since, while the students in that department have continued to embrace the programme. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were adopted for this study. Qualitative data consisted of an open-ended questionnaire which was used to collect data from forty-five mentees. Interviews were also conducted with ten mentees, three student mentors, the Media Studies (MST 1541) lecturer and the educational development practitioner (EDP). From the forty-five questionnaire respondents, only ten mentees were also interviewed to confirm responses that were given in questionnaires before the researcher had reached saturation point. Quantitative data were collected through a comparison of module results for 2012 and 2013. The MST 1541 classes in 2012 and 2013 were taught by the same lecturer, who confirmed minimal changes in terms of content and teaching methods which could have influenced the improved pass rate in 2013. The study concludes that the mentoring programme contributed to improving student success. However, the study only focused on one causal mechanism, namely mentoring. It is therefore recommended that a broader study be conducted to evaluate the impact of additional causal mechanisms. Furthermore, the researchers recommend improved monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to curb the inconsistencies and irregularities reported by the mentors, mentees, lecturer and educational development practitioner.

Analisa Pengaruh Absorpsi Air Laut Terhadap Kekuatan Tarik Komposit Serat Pelepah Sawit

This study aims to analyze the absorption of sea water on Composite Materials palm frond fibers per 24 hours for 9 days and analyze the effect of immersion for 3, 6, and 9 days of the tensile strength fiber-reinforced composite material of palm fronds. The polymers used type of epoxy resin. Palm frond fibers arranged randomly, then fiber treated alkali 5% for 2 hours, and then molded with a size of 200 x 200x 5 mm with a ratio between matrix and fiber is 90:10 to press molding tool. Composite plates immersed in a container filled with sea water aquarium for 3, 6, and 9 days and every 24 hours of material in weigh, test procedures seawater absorption refers to the ASTM D 570 - 98. As well as every 3, 6, and 9 days plate removed and cut into a polymer composite beam according to the standard ASTM D638-02 (type 1). Each variable will be tested for 3 times. Based on the test results get soaking in the absorption rate reached its peak in the first day, namely 0.26% for the first specimen testing three-day, 0.5% for the second specimen testing 6 days and 0.25% for the third specimen testing nine days. Then it will go on steadily and decreases until it reaches saturation point. Where for the first specimen in the third day of absorption of 0.49%, a second specimen in the sixth day of absorption of 1.71%, and the third specimen in the esembilan absorption 0.93%. And the influence of sea water immersion tensile strength fiber Composite palm fronds have a dynamic effect on the test results before immersion up to 9 days of immersion that is power up and down. With a value of 15.468 MPa before immersion, 17.046 MPa 3 days of immersion, 15.107 MPa 6 day immersion, and 21.137 MPa 9 days of immersion.

Synthesis and characterization of graphene nanoplatelets reinforced AA7068 matrix nanocomposites produced by liquid metallurgy route

In this paper, we report the synthesis of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) reinforced AA7068 metal matrix nanocomposites by a combination of ultrasonication, powder and liquid metallurgy techniques. The effect of GNPs with a varying weight fraction (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 1wt%) on microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of AA7068 metal matrix is studied. In addition to this the developed nanocomposites were subjected to the standard T6 heat treatment conditions and its effect on aforementioned properties was also studied. Mechanical properties of as cast and T6 heat treated nanocomposites showed increase in tensile strength and elongation values up to 0.5wt% GNPs reinforced AA7068 nanocomposites, thereafter drop in these properties was observed. A similar behavior was observed in case of grain size, where grain refinement of AA7068 matrix by GNPs reached saturation point for 0.5wt%. The average ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the specimens before and after extrusion processes and T6 heat treatment increases from 263MPa to 372MPa and 495–615MPa after adding 0.5wt% GNPs, respectively. Finally, the wear resistance of the AA7068 alloy and its nanocomposite with 0.5wt% GNPs in T6 conditions was significantly higher than that of as cast conditions. The obtained results indicate that GNPs (up to 0.5wt%) are effective in improving the mechanical properties and wear resistance of AA7068 metal matrix in both as cast and T6 conditions.

Characterizing water sorption and diffusion properties of wood/plastic composites as a function of formulation design

In this study, the water sorption and diffusion properties of wood/plastic composites (WPCs) as a function of formulation design were investigated. Composites with different amounts of wood, coupling agent and high density polyethylene (HDPE) were produced by profile extrusion method. The time required to reach saturation point, moisture contents at saturation point, diffusion coefficients and thickness swelling were measured for all composites. The results showed that the response of WPCs towards water exposure is heavily dependent on formulation design. The time required to reach saturation point varied between four weeks and 84weeks. Such a big difference reflected magnitude of formulation design on water resistance of WPCs. Composites with large particles demonstrated weak performance towards water. Any increase in wood content led to an increase in water absorption. Coupling agent reduced water absorption. Diffusion coefficients and thickness swelling were also affected by wood and coupling agent contents, and wood particle size. The highest diffusion coefficients and thickness swelling were found in composites with high wood contents and large particles. Studying the water sorption process in WPCs showed that the process follows kinetics and mechanisms described by Fick’s law.

Stakeholders' Perspectives on Strategies for the Recruitment and Retention of Primary Health Care Employees in Qatar: A Qualitative Approach.

This study explores the recruitment and retention conditions influencing primary health care (PHC) human resources for health (HRH) in Qatar and suggests strategies for their improvement. A qualitative design employing semistructured key informant interviews with PHC stakeholders in Qatar was utilized. Key interviewees were originally recognized, and snowball sampling was used to identify additional interviewees until reaching saturation point. Interview scripts were transcribed and then analyzed thematically using the Nvivo software package. Thematic analysis precipitated a number of themes. Under recruitment, the centrality of enhancing collaboration with academic institutions, enhancing extrinsic benefits, and strengthening human resources recruitment and management practices. Dedicated support needs to be provided to expatriate HRH especially in regard to housing services, children schooling, and streamlining administrative processes for relocation. Findings revealed that job security, continuous professional development, objective performance appraisal systems, enhanced job transparency, and remuneration are key retention concerns. The study provides a number of recommendations for the proper recruitment and retention of HRH. Health planners and decision makers must take these recommendations into consideration to ensure the presence of a competent and sustainable HRH in the PHC sector in the future.

Clinical workload in UK primary care: a retrospective analysis of 100 million consultations in England, 2007–14

SummaryBackgroundPrimary care is the main source of health care in many health systems, including the UK National Health Service (NHS), but few objective data exist for the volume and nature of primary care activity. With rising concerns that NHS primary care workload has increased substantially, we aimed to assess the direct clinical workload of general practitioners (GPs) and practice nurses in primary care in the UK.MethodsWe did a retrospective analysis of GP and nurse consultations of non-temporary patients registered at 398 English general practices between April, 2007, and March, 2014. We used data from electronic health records routinely entered in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, and linked CPRD data to national datasets. Trends in age-standardised and sex-standardised consultation rates were modelled with joinpoint regression analysis.FindingsThe dataset comprised 101 818 352 consultations and 20 626 297 person-years of observation. The crude annual consultation rate per person increased by 10·51%, from 4·67 in 2007–08, to 5·16 in 2013–14. Consultation rates were highest in infants (age 0–4 years) and elderly people (≥85 years), and were higher for female patients than for male patients of all ages. The greatest increases in age-standardised and sex-standardised rates were in GPs, with a rise of 12·36% per 10 000 person-years, compared with 0·9% for practice nurses. GP telephone consultation rates doubled, compared with a 5·20% rise in surgery consultations, which accounted for 90% of all consultations. The mean duration of GP surgery consultations increased by 6·7%, from 8·65 min (95% CI 8·64–8·65) to 9·22 min (9·22–9·23), and overall workload increased by 16%.InterpretationOur findings show a substantial increase in practice consultation rates, average consultation duration, and total patient-facing clinical workload in English general practice. These results suggest that English primary care as currently delivered could be reaching saturation point. Notably, our data only explore direct clinical workload and not indirect activities and professional duties, which have probably also increased. This and additional research questions, including the outcomes of workload changes on other sectors of health care, need urgent answers for primary care provision internationally.FundingDepartment of Health Policy Research Programme.

A competency model for general health managers (Case: Iran medical of health and education)

Inevitably, it is essential to identify variant dimensions and indexes of managers’ adequacy. This problem is considered as the core of this study. This research makes use of qualitative method and interview. As for sampling, after interviewing 12 participants, this research reached saturation point where repetition was observed. Thematic analysis was utilized to encode data, which resulted in eight dimensions: general knowledge and awareness, intelligence and talent, values and attitudes, personality traits, communication skills, decision-making skills, leadership and management abilities. Moreover, some sub-themes concordant to the related literature were found. Findings of the present study suggest the argument that in order to determine every individual’s adequacy positions should be aptly identified by proper procedures firstly. Then, an appropriate competency model in line with the organization should be developed. In addition, such a model needs to fit with the structure of the organization and its positions and strategies.

Assuring care: are we ready to move beyond compliance measurement against targets?

Editorial: Surely we must be reaching saturation point with metrics and dashboards and the like? These topdown measures, often imposed on clinical teams and workplaces, are championed by some as assuring quality of care, whereas what they generally do is measure compliance with targets even if that was not the original intention. The way they are set up and uniformly implemented means they often stifle local ownership and a sense of individuality and while they may lead to some improvement in care, they do not address the fundamentals of achieving innovation in caring practice. They often miss some of the most vital aspects of person-centred care those that matter most to people receiving and providing care. Disciplines Medicine and Health Sciences | Social and Behavioral Sciences Publication Details Dewing, J. (2015). Assuring care: are we ready to move beyond compliance measurement against targets?. International Practice Development Journal, 5 (2), 1-3. This journal article is available at Research Online: http://ro.uow.edu.au/smhpapers/3349 © FoNS 2015 International Practice Development Journal 5 (2) [Editorial] http://www.fons.org/library/journal.aspx

Knowledge on Sexuality and Reproductive Health of Malaysian Adolescents – A Short Review

This short review focuses on pressing issue; knowledge of sexuality and reproductive health among Malaysian adolescents. Keeping in view the some steps in order, keyword search was completed by using Google, Science Direct, and research Gate databases. In total 34 peer- reviewed journal articles were selected. After considering the articles within the scope of this paper, 07 most relevant studies were finalized that encompass the years from 2010-2014. Findings of the study exhibit lack of knowledge about sexuality and reproductive health in Malaysian adolescents. As a limitation, bibliographic search and claim of reaching saturation point has not been established.l

Life experiences in heart transplant recipients.

Introduction:Heart transplantation is considered as a golden standard of treatment for advanced heart failure. After - transplantation health of patients is influenced by numerous issues which many of them are unknown to the treatment team including nurses. This research - with the aim of describing the life experiences of heart transplant patients - help us to get close to the patients private life and gain comprehensive and a general understanding of all aspects of their life.Methods:This study applied qualitative approach using phenomenology method. The purposive sampling was conducted and continued with 9 participants until information reached saturation point. The participants are the heart transplant recipients who had surgery in Esfahan's Heart Surgery Center of Shahid Chamran.Results:The extracted interviews were analyzed through Colaizzi method: The eleven extracted main concepts were included: Belief, tendencies of the recipient and family of donor, bewilderment, moment of facing with transplantation, satisfaction, vital organ, support, temperament, physical effects of transplantation, mental changes, paradox of life and death.Conclusion:In heart transplant patients, being in touch with peers and family support have an important role in putting up with the transplantation issue. Lack of social situation and social support were among the patients distresses. Lack of the necessary information about transplantation made patients dissatisfied with the heart transplantation. Regarding the research findings, training received by patients would not be suffice and lack of information has been made them face with problems; therefore, the nurse team of transplantation should play more an active role in training the patients.

Adaptive Radar Sensitivity Time Control Based on Linear Prediction Sea Clutter

Sea clutter is interference background in radar target processing. It is difficult to detect long-range weak target in sea clutter. Sea clutter signal changes complex, with high intensity. For close signal, radar receiver will overload and reach saturation point. We are interested in the most dynamic range for displaying target echo and fast changing component of clutter. By analyzing spatial and temporal correlation of sea clutter, slow changing component can be minus from sea clutter. The innovation of this paper is to propose a linear prediction error method for sea clutter to increase dynamic range of radar receiver. It prevents overloading and reaching saturation point at close range.

AN ELECTRIC CIRCUITS' REMOTE SWITCHING SYSTEM BASED ON GSM RADIO NETWORK

Mobile phone industry is classified among the fastest growing engineering branches. It has to be exploited for vast applications, reliability and affordability. Mobile cellular phone subscribers have reached saturation point; with such information, the basic cell phone that was mainly utilized to make calls will also be utilized for remote switching and control activities. The now developed system is based on the global system for mobile communications (GSM) radio network: it will operate as a very long distance remote switch. Utilizing the daily cell phone, a user will either put on/off any desired electric circuit located in an owned, controlled compound. Two cell phones are provided, one being a mobile transmitter user end and another being referred to as a fixed receiver end. A signal will be sent from the user end to put a consumer’s electric circuit either on or off at the receiver end; afterwards, the receiver end will notify the user-end about the on/off state of the consumer. The particularity of this publication is the system simplicity, yet cheap and safe, so that even very low income cell phone users can enjoy radio frequency (RF) technology’s increasing applications. The software utilized to develop and simulate circuits is the linear technology, LT spice. The calculative theory has quantitatively enriched the methodology. Both the building blocks and the physical implementation diagrams for the system are herein contained. The remote switching system based on GSM radio network has been successfully designed, implemented, tested and its functionality has been examined.