Quality Of Raw Materials Research Articles

Yield and physical-chemical quality of mechanically separated tilapia meat in different weight classes

Due to heterogeneous growth and reproductive precocity, many tilapia do not reach the ideal size for commercialization and are discarded. Despite this, they are characterized as a high quality raw material and have the potential to be used in human food by obtaining mechanically separated meat (MSM). This research aimed to evaluate the yield and quality of MSM from tilapia in different weight classes, outside the commercial size. Animals were obtained from a commercial farm and transported to the laboratory in insulated boxes. They were then washed, weighed, graded, and eviscerated for the production of MSM. The weight classes studied were: A (≥ 50 g < 80 g), B (≥ 80 g and < 110 g), C (≥ 110 g and < 140 g) and D (≥ 140 g and < 170 g). Carcass yield and DMI, physicochemical, calcium, water activity, water retention capacity and fatty acid profile analyses were performed. After 90 days of storage (-18oC), total volatile bases, lipid oxidation and pH of MSM were determined. The highest carcass yield was obtained in weight class D. This variation can be attributed to the difference in size and weight of the fish in both classes. There was no significant difference in MSM performance between weight classes. Proteins were not affected by weight differences, and lipid content increased with fish size, with an inverse relationship with moisture and ash. The water activity values of tilapia MSM did not show significant differences. In the analysis of water retention capacity, the classes showed high retention with a significant difference, in which class B (45.2%) obtained the highest average WHC, while C (30.8%) presented the lowest result. Regarding the results obtained for calcium, it was observed that class A (≥ 50 < 80g) obtained the highest result (1.22%), significantly different from the others. In this study, no significant differences in TBARS and BVT values were observed between different weight classes. Differences in pH were observed among the weight classes, but all were within the regulatory limits. The main fatty acids found in MSM were palmitic acid (C16:0) (31.63 to 37.29%), oleic acid (25.33 to 30.14%), stearic acid (C18:0) (7. 10 to 10.31%), linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) (8.19 to 14.46%), palmitoleic acid (C16:1) (31.63 to 37.29%), and margaric acid (C17:0) (1.14 to 2.27%). MSM from tilapia with low commercial weight showed satisfactory yield in all weight classes and physicochemical quality in compliance with accepted standards after 90 days of storage.

Antibacterial and Antifungal Potential of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don Essential Oil.

Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don is a typical Mediterranean plant, with limited distribution on the islands of Sardinia, Corsica, and the Iberian Peninsula, as well as the islands of the Adriatic Sea and the Balkan Peninsula. In these regions, H. italicum is mainly collected from spontaneous nature, while in recent years, there has been a pronounced cultivation trend due to increased demand and market requirements for constant quality of raw materials. Bearing in mind that biological activity is linked with chemical composition, this review aimed to collect data from different scientific databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) on the antimicrobial activity of essential oil and its chemical composition. A total of 20 papers investigating the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antifungal activities of H. italicum essential oil were found. Furthermore, in these samples, several compounds occurred as dominant: neryl acetate, α-pinene, and γ-curcumene. These compounds are known for their antimicrobial properties, which likely contribute to the essential oil's efficacy against various microbial strains.

Analysis of palm oil raw material supplies to support sustainable economic strategies at PT Perkebunan Nusantara VIII Bogor Regency

Abstract Palm oil is a very important plantation commodity, its availability is the main source for palm oil production. Therefore, raw material supplies are an effort to support the availability of palm oil raw materials. PT Perkebunan Nusantara VIII. Companies need to pay attention to the quality of raw materials and procurement to achieve maximum production goals. Factors determining success in procuring raw materials are important, such as transportation, as well as fluctuations in raw material prices in the sustainability of processing palm oil fresh fruit bunches. This research aims to analyze factors that influence the supply of palm oil raw materials. The sample used in this research is simple random sampling. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The research results show that 80% of the variables of raw material prices, raw material sources and transportation influence the supply of palm oil raw materials.

Analysis of Supply Chain Performance Improvement in the Fish Processing Industry

This study aims to identify the supply chain condition of the red snapper fish processing industry, assess the supply chain performance, and recommend performance improvements based on the performance measurement results. The study was conducted in Brondong District, Lamongan Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The methods used are the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which measure effectiveness and efficiency parameters. Data were collected through interviews and field observations with expert respondents representing fishermen, collectors, and the fish processing industry. The results showed that the supply chain performance of the fishermen, collectors, and fish processing industry was 67.52% (poor), 88.11% (average), and 95.09% (excellent). The low performance was mainly in the fish catch composition accuracy and raw material handling practices. Root cause analysis was conducted to identify the leading causes, such as poor raw material quality, high raw material costs, and low cash-to-cash cycle time. Recommendations for improvement include handling raw materials training, using better cooling technology, and accelerating debt payments. Implementing lean supply chain management with the 5S system will improve operational efficiency and final product quality. Support from all stakeholders and government is essential for successfully implementing this strategy. Further study on the impact of lean implementation on environmental and social sustainability and exploration of new technologies for efficient fish handling and processing is needed.

Влияние параметров сушки некоторых видов овощей на продолжительность процесса и органолептическую оценку

Abstract. Vegetables are an important part of the people's diet, and their production is also increasing as the population grows. However, vegetables have a relatively short shelf life and are also sensitive to storage and transportation conditions. Because of this, losses of the harvested crop can reach significant values, and in order to reduce them, a quality preservation method such as drying can be used. There are various drying methods with their own advantages and disadvantages, therefore, when organizing the process, it is important to select optimal conditions that would quickly achieve the required humidity and microbiological safety indicators, and would not be accompanied by excessive energy consumption and excessive deterioration in the quality of raw materials. In the course of the study, the influence of drying parameters of certain types of vegetables (red beet, carrots, courgettes, eggplants, tomatoes, white cabbage, parsley) on the duration of the process and the organoleptic assessment of the resulting product was studied. Optimal drying parameters were determined (allowing to obtain a product with the best organoleptic characteristics and minimal process time) of vegetables of selected varieties / hybrids, depending on the drying method: for example, for carrots – drying in a dehydrator for 180 minutes at a temperature of 65 °C and 150 minutes at a temperature of 70 °C; for eggplants – drying for minutes at a temperature of 60 °C; for tomatoes – drying in a dehydrator for 220 minutes at a temperature of 60 °C and for 200 minutes at a temperature of 65 °C. The data obtained can be used to improve existing methods of drying the abovementioned vegetables. Key words: red beet, carrot, courgettes, eggplants, tomatoes, white cabbage, parsley, drying, organoleptic characteristics

Examining the distribution of Middle Paleolithic Nubian cores relative to chert quality in southern (Nejd, Dhofar) and south‐central (Duqm, Al Wusta) Oman

AbstractLithic raw material properties are often invoked to explain the presence, absence, form, or ontogeny of Paleolithic stone tools. Here, we explore whether the frequency of the Middle Paleolithic Nubian core form and core‐reduction systems co‐varies with toolstone quality in two neighboring regions in Oman: the southern region of Nejd, Dhofar, and the south‐central region of Duqm, Al Wusta. Specifically, we predicted that if raw material differences were influencing the distribution of Nubian cores, the chert would be of higher quality in the southern region, where Nubian cores were frequent, and of lower quality in the south‐central region, where they were scarce. We tested this prediction by collecting 124 chert samples from 22 outcrops and then quantitatively assessed two geochemical variables that are widely thought to influence knapping: impurity amount and silica content. We also examined the mineralogical composition, and the crystallite size and lattice strain for quartz (crystalline α‐SiO2) of representative chert samples. Our results suggest that the cherts in the two regions are similar, which is not consistent with the hypothesis that lithic raw material quality contributed to Nubian core spatial distribution in Oman. We discuss potential alternative hypotheses to explain Nubian core geographic patterning, and provisionally suggest that the scarcity of Nubian cores in south‐central Oman may be due to a concomitant scarcity of toolmakers, given a lack of water availability.

Enhance Productivity In The Garment Industry Through A Modified Value Stream Mapping Approach

The objective of this study is to overcome problems that occur in the garment industry, the company has tried to develop an agile system to increase productivity in this industry. The garment company that focusses on the production of woven bottoms and outerwear, noted that women's woven bottoms products have the highest demand throughout 2022. However, the company was unable to meet Brand demand of 3.5%. Production data shows defects in products, low quality raw materials, and unstable production processes. A modified Value Stream Mapping (VSM) methodology is use to consider all aspects of production. The results of traditional VSM and Value Stream Analysis Tools (VALSAT) analysis include current state and future state, identification of value added and non-value-added elements during the production process, as well as setting priorities to reduce waste in the production process, especially in inventory (19%), defective parts (17%), and transportation (15%). Based on the VALSAT matrix, Process Activity Mapping (33.5%), Supply Chain Response Matrix (21.6%), and Demand Amplification Mapping (15.3%) were obtained. The findings of this research are Pilot Run, which succeeded in becoming an agile and reliable system during the production process. Through the application of the methodology combined with VSM the results have improved compared to the traditional VSM method. This proves that this method is effective in overcoming takt time, cycle time, man power, and value-added ratio. Limitations of this research were also discussed, including that this research only focused on women's woven bottom products only on the production workflow. Kata Kunci: Agile System, Enhance Productivity, Garment Manufacturing, Lean Manufacturing, Value Stream Mapping.

Addition of Probiotics to Feed on the Growth and Survival of Tilapia Fish Seeds

Introduction: Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the leading commodities of freshwater aquaculture in Indonesia. The problem that is often experienced by farmers is the absorption of fish feed nutrients that are less than optimal, due to the low quality of feed raw materials. The study aims to determine the effect of adding probiotics to feed on growth and survival, in tilapia (O. Niloticus) fry. Method: The test organisms used in this study were tilapia (O. niloticus) as many as 200 fish with an initial weight of 1.09-1.28 g/head. Tilapia seeds were obtained from UPR Saluyu, Dolo sub-district, Sigi district, Central Sulawesi. The design used was a complete randomized design (CRD). Results and Discussion: Variables observed were daily weight growth rate (LPBH), absolute weight growth (PBM), survival rate, feed conversion ratio (CTR), and water quality. Conclusion: The results showed that the highest absolute weight growth in tilapia was found in treatment D (8 mL probiotics) which was 2.04 g, the specific growth rate was (2.86% / day), and the feed conversion ratio produced (1.57), while the survival rate of tilapia obtained during maintenance was (80.00-84.00%).

Analysis of Opaque, Peel-Off and Flex Rejects in the Electro Plating Process Using the Six Sigma Dmaic Method

The modern manufacturing industry is faced with increasing pressure to achieve high levels of quality while remaining efficient in its production processes. One of the challenges faced by PT. Plating services in electroplating production have a high reject rate, which can cause increased costs and have a negative impact on the company's reputation. PT. Jasa Plating in the production process still has a high number of rejects, the rejects are dominated by opaque, peel-off and spots. PT. Plating services for each production contribute a high average of 2% defects per day, DPMO 20,000 and Sigma value 3.55. Quite a few rejections resulted in a decrease in turnover and increased production costs. The costs incurred due to these rejects are an average of Rp. 1,268,593 per day and an average of Rp. 35,698,907 per month as a result of data collection from January – September 2023. In this business process, this is very detrimental for the company. The aim of this research is to suppress blurry rejects, peel-offs and spots in the electro plating process at PT. Plating Services. The steps taken in conducting research include: identification stage, data collection and processing, analysis and recommendations for improvement, and conclusions. The method used in this research is the Six Sigma DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analysis, Improvement, Control) method. Through analysis, you can find several factors that cause high reject rates, including operational errors, discrepancies in the production process, or raw material quality problems. After implementing the improvement plan, then evaluate the results. This can include re- measuring the DPMO, analysis of the resulting products to see a decrease in reject rates, and comparisons between before and after implementing improvements. From the comparison results after the repairs were carried out, the data before the repairs were carried out, the NG amount was 1.99%, the DPMO was 6,646 and the Sigma value was 3.98. After improvements to NG 0.84%, DPMO 2,791 sigma value 4.28. Factors causing high levels of blurring, peel-off and spots, namely insufficient or excessive cleaning of the metal surface before the electroplating process, can cause problems such as peel-off. Contamination of the electroplating solution by foreign materials can cause blurring and flecks in the final layer. Machinery or equipment that is not properly calibrated, or experiences wear and tear, can produce products that do not meet standards. Variations in temperature, time, or electric current in the electroplating process can produce inconsistent coatings. Carefully monitor and control process-parameters to ensure stability.

Analysis of Carton Packaging Quality Control Using Statistical Quality Control Methods at PT XYZ

This research focuses on analyzing the quality control of cardboard box packaging at PT XYZ using the Seven Tools method. The main problem faced by the company is the high level of defects in the cardboard box products produced, which has a negative impact on production efficiency and customer satisfaction. The aim of this research is to analyze the main causes of defects in cardboard box products and provide suggestions for improvements that can be implemented by companies. The method used in this research is Statistical Quality Control (SQC) which involves the use of Seven Tools, namely check sheets, Pareto charts, fishbone diagrams and control charts. Using these tools, data regarding defects is collected, analyzed, and interpreted to identify the main causal factors of quality problems. The analysis results show that certain factors, such as the quality of raw materials, production processes, and operator skills, have a significant contribution to the occurrence of defects. Based on these findings, this research proposes several improvements that can be implemented by PT XYZ to improve the quality of their cardboard box products. Proposed improvements include increasing control over the quality of raw materials, skills training for operators, and implementing stricter standard operational procedures in the production process. By implementing this proposed improvement, it is hoped that PT XYZ can reduce the level of defects in their products, increase production efficiency, and increase customer satisfaction.

Development and Validation of Stability Indicating HPTLC Methods for the Estimation of Antihypertensive Drugs (Nebivolol and Hydrochlorothiazide)

The devised method passed the ICH Q2 (R1) validation test, and the findings imply it might be utilised for both the regular monitoring of pharmaceutical formulation and raw material quality. Results for Nebivolol and Hydrochlorothiazide were consistently linear across concentration ranges of 4-24 and 10-60 μg/mL, respectively, according to the linearity study. The proposed approach was determined to be appropriate based on precision data and minimal relative standard deviation (RSD). Our lab confirmed the LOD and LOQ values for cilnidipine and lisinopril dihydrate. The method's accuracy within the given range is demonstrated by the low relative standard deviation (RSD) values. We found that the suggested method was linear, sensitive, accurate, and exact when it came to estimating hydrochlorothiazide and nebivolol in bulk and in pharmaceutical formulations. This conclusion was reached when the validation inquiry was finished and the results were discovered.

The White Glaze of Delft Blue: A Comparative Study of Historical Recipes for the White Tin Glaze Used in Delftware and Other Dutch Tin-glazed Earthenware During Their Heyday (c. 1600–1800)

ABSTRACT This research intends to enhance our understanding of the tin-glaze technology employed in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Delftware and other tin-glazed earthenware in the Netherlands. The study provides a detailed description of the raw materials utilised in Dutch tin glazes and offers a schematic overview of the production process. Additionally, 39 dated historical recipes for tin glazes are used to compare and interpret changes in the quantities of raw materials within a temporal context. Weight percentages of raw materials – estimated for the final glaze – reveal significant changes over time. The study shows that changes over time mirror the rise and decline of the Dutch tin-glazed earthenware industry, reflecting economic shifts. Most tin - the costliest glaze material – was utilised between c. 1680 and c. 1720, and the highest glaze qualities were reported during this period, marking the peak of the Dutch earthenware production. Towards the end of the heyday, a decrease in tin usage coincides with mentions of lower glaze qualities. The superior glaze quality of Delftware tin glazes compared to tin-glazes of other tin-glazed earthenware in the Netherlands could not be traced back to specific formulations. Other factors, such as the quality of raw materials, likely contributed to the perceived visual superiority.

Strategi Pengembangan Ekonomi Kreatif Kriya Pada Pengrajin Kaligrafi Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam (Studi Pada Toko Irjie Kaligrafi)

This research aims to find out the right strategy for developing the creative craft economy at the Irjie Calligraphy Shop from an Islamic economic perspective. This research approach method is qualitative descriptive research. The data collection methods used were interviews, observation and documentation. This research uses SOAR (Strengths, Opportunities, Aspirations, Results) and QSPM (Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix) analysis in determining the matrix using the EFE, IFE, and EI matrices. After the analysis was carried out, the alternative strategy was concluded with the highest score of 2.020782. Renewing the design of calligraphy products that are more varied and innovative using quality raw materials using more modern manufacturing tools such as making embossed or 3D calligraphy which is carried out by human resources who have qualified skills. . The strategy for developing the creative craft economy at the Irjie Calligraphy shop from an Islamic economic perspective must be carried out by applying the characteristics of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, namely 1). Siddiq, 2). Be creative, brave and confident, 3). Tabligh, and 4). Istiqomah.

Production of Fashion Items and Clothing Accessories for Economic Sustenance and Revitalization in Ondo West Local Government

The fashion industry plays a crucial role in economic sustenance and revitalization by driving employment, supporting local industries, and contributing to overall economic growth. This paper investigated the production of fashion items and clothing accessories for economic sustenance and revitalization in Ondo West Local Government (OWLG). Four research questions guided the study. A descriptive survey research approach was adopted for this study. The sample for the study comprised One Hundred and Twenty (120) fashion entrepreneurs and stakeholders in the fashion industry in OWLG. The questionnaire used for data collection was designed and titled ‘Production of Fashion Items and Clothing Accessories for Economic sustenance and Revitalization in Ondo West Local Government (PFICA)’. Findings from the respondents showed that the production process is heavily reliant on the quality and availability of raw materials. Further findings revealed that the fashion industry truly faces various challenges, including limited access to finance, inadequate infrastructure, raw materials and accessories not readily available, and a shortage of skilled labor. Additionally, production of fashion items and clothing accessories within the locality can promote a self-sufficient economy that is less dependent on imported goods. The research findings hold practical implications for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and investors interested in leveraging the fashion industry for economic sustenance and revitalization in OWLG. Based on the findings, several recommendations were made. Firstly, there is a need for the adoption of initiatives such as facilitating access to finance through microcredit schemes by the area. Secondly, the government should establish fashion hubs and centers or collaborative spaces for fashion designers and tailors to work together, share ideas, and collaborate on projects while having affordable access to raw materials. Lastly, investing in vocational training programs to develop a skilled workforce was emphasized as a crucial step towards addressing the shortage of skilled labor. Implementing these recommendations can contribute to the economic sustenance and revitalization of the fashion industry in OWLG and foster sustainable development.

Identification of Cortex Cercis chinensis Decoction Pieces from Different Growth Origins Using Raman Spectroscopy

The complexity of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) components and the time-consuming of traditional detection methods make it necessary and meaningful to establish rapid and efficient identification techniques. This study explores the potential of Raman spectroscopy, a non-destructive technique offering details of molecular structure, for rapid and accurate identification. Cortex Cercis chinensis (CCC) decoction pieces from diverse geographical origins, Anhui, Sichuan, Zhejiang, and Hubei, were collected and analyzed using Raman spectroscopy at 785 nm, and the Raman characteristic peaks were analyzed. MATLAB software was employed to analyze the similarity between the spectra of CCC decoction pieces, and the original Raman spectral data were transformed into first and second derivative spectra. The results revealed distinct Raman spectral characteristics of carbohydrates and glycosidic bonds (characteristic peaks at 480, 531, 549, 873, 946 and 1086 cm−1). The correlation coefficients of the all the four samples from different origins ranged from 0.9625 to 0.9912, while the coincidence coefficients ranged from 0.9602 to 0.9934. The first and second derivative demonstrated significantly different peaks within specific ranges, 180–200, 280–380, and 680–740 cm−1 for first derivatives, 160–300, 340–400 and 420–480 cm−1 for second derivatives. These obvious differences in first and second derivative spectra of Raman spectra of CCC decoction pieces demonstrated the different growth origins. In conclusion, the study demonstrated the ability of Raman spectroscopy to accurately differentiate CCC decoction pieces from different geographical growth origin. These findings provided a basis for further application of Raman spectra characteristic fingerprints to be used in quality control for rapid identification of the quality and origin of TCM raw materials.

A Blockchain-Based Model for Traceability and Quality Management of Raw Materials in Clothing Products

In this study, we employ blockchain-based traceability technology to construct a comprehensive model for raw material traceability and quality management in clothing products. Additionally, we investigate engineered water nanostructures (EWNS) for their antibacterial, hydrophilic, and anti-pilling effects on textiles. The EWNS can serve as an effective tool for monitoring quality, enabling precise tracking and verification of nanomaterials during clothing production. The research validated the traceability performance of the blockchain-based model for raw material traceability and quality management in clothing products, achieving a remarkable traceability accuracy of 99.92% and an exceptionally low traceability response time of merely 1.83 seconds. Moreover, after being treated with EWNS, antibacterial rates against E. coli and S. aureus in clothing antibacterial quality management reached 99.9% and 99.0%, respectively. In the hydrophilicity test, EWNS was applied to clothing for a duration of 1 to 7 hours, resulting in a significant reduction in the wetting time of clothing from 10.8 seconds to 1.2 seconds. In the anti-pilling tests, there was a notable enhancement in the effectiveness of anti-pilling properties after EWNS treatment. In summary, our model has achieved remarkable outcomes in material traceability and quality management, offering consumers and the clothing industry a reliable method to ensure product quality and traceability, while simultaneously improving performance aspects such as antibacterial efficacy, hydrophilicity, and resistance against pilling.

Pemilihan Supplier Kedelai dengan Metode AHP Dan TOPSIS (Studi Kasus UKM Tahu Pak Wit Di Desa Ledok Kulon, Bojonegoro)

Raw materials as the most important factors in production activities, are obtained from suppliers. Suppliers are partners who ensure the availability of raw materials for the continuity of the company's production. Therefore, it is necessary for companies to choose the right supplier. The problem that occurs in Pak Wit's Tofu SME is that SMEs often change suppliers in procuring soybean raw materials because the SMEs do not have a fixed soybean supplier. This fact results in no certainty of raw materials from the supplier so that SMEs often experience a shortage of quality raw materials. This study aims to select the best supplier according to the criteria set by SMEs. There are 4 suppliers who are candidates with 4 criterias (price, quality, service and flexibility in delivery) used in choosing the best supplier. This research uses AHP to weight the criteria and TOPSIS to rank suppliers. The results of calculations with AHP found that the quality criteria were the first priority, with a value of 0.58. While with the TOPSIS method it was found that supplier 2 was the selected supplier with the highest preference of 0.941.

Bamboo Crafts Business Development Model Reviewed From The Perspective Of Maslahah

Bamboo is a versatile plant with superior ecological properties, offering great potential for the development of craft businesses that are sustainable and beneficial to society. This research aims to formulate a bamboo craft business development model based on the concept of maslahah, namely realizing benefits and benefits for all parties involved. Bamboo craft art is a local product produced by skilled hands so that it produces unique products and has economic value. Bamboo craft products are no longer foreign to us, especially to people from Sidodadi Village, Beringin. The business model of innovation in the bamboo craft business aims to develop products to create products that are efficient and competitive. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with an observation and interview approach. The aim of this research is to find out and examine how the bamboo craft business development model is viewed from a maslahah perspective. The results of this research show that this research does not provide benefits because there is still a lack of employee welfare, there is no development of product models, and distribution is not wide enough and the quality of raw materials is not good

Legal provisions for the facilitation of the transition to a circular economy in the Polish legal system

The transition to a circular economy (CE) is a priority objective for European Union (EU) Member States. Specifically, this goal is stated in the 8th Environmental Action Programme (which outlines a programme until 2030), the European Green Deal, European Commission communications, and the Waste Framework Directive 2008/98/EC as amended by Directive 2018/851. As a member of the EU, Poland is obliged to align its waste management practices with the CE; this work is reflected in legislative changes related to waste, packaging, and the municipal maintenance of cleanliness and order. This article presents the legal status of the transition to a CE in Poland, including the established legal instruments. The Polish legal system has developed measures to protect the environment, life, and human health by preventing and reducing waste and improving the efficiency of raw material use. Waste management is consistent with the waste hierarchy, with a focus on maximising recovery (material and organic recycling, energy recovery), an extended producer responsibility system, and strict requirements for recovery and recycling rates, with a particular focus on plastic packaging. In Poland, the CE Roadmap—which includes a legislative toolkit on sustainable industrial production, sustainable consumption, bioeconomy, new business models, and CE implementation and monitoring – has been developed for the transformation toward a CE. Poland’s priorities in this regard include: (1) innovation, strengthening cooperation between industry and the scientific sector, resulting in the implementation of innovative solutions in the economy; (2) creating a European market for secondary raw materials, where their movement would be easier; (3) ensuring the high quality of secondary raw materials that results from sustainable production and consumption; and (4) developing the service sector.

THE IMPACT OF DELAYING MIE GACOAN’S HALAL CERTIFICATION ON CONSUMER LOYALTY

This study aims to evaluate the impact of the delay in Mie Gacoan’s halal certification on consumer loyalty. The delay in halal certification can influence consumer perception and loyalty, yet there is limited research exploring its impact on the food industry in Indonesia. This study employs field research methods, using direct observation and a descriptive qualitative approach to collect and analyze data. The results indicate that most Mie Gacoan consumers know about the delay in halal certification. Despite this, consumers remain highly interested in visiting and purchasing Mie Gacoan products, as they trust that 100% of the raw materials used are safe and have been certified halal. These findings suggest that the delay in halal certification does not significantly affect purchase intentions and consumer loyalty. This research provides new insights into consumer responses to the delay in halal certification, demonstrating that consumer trust in the quality and safety of raw materials can mitigate concerns related to the delay, thus maintaining consumer loyalty to the product.