BOOK REVIEWS 145 Pett's intention, apparently, was to enrich Burnet's rather general funeral sermon with a wealth of circumstantial details about Boyle's life, some of which he entrusted to Burnet confidentially, expecting Burnet to use his own discretion as to which details were fit for public knowledge. Although Burnet never published the intended biography , Birch himself exercised his own discretion as to what should be silently deleted, as he did in the case of thc Burnet memorandum as well. The remaining documents are related to Wotton's attempt at Boyle's biography. In addition to the sole extant section of a chapter from Wotton's biography--significant if for no other reason than because it was arguably the first attempt at intellectual biography in England--there are letters to Wotton written to aid him in his efforts by John Evelyn (Evelyn's copies have been published in his own correspondence; Hunter's texts are from the letters Wotton actually received), Thomas Dent, and James Kirkwood. As important as the documents are themselves, Hunter's masterful hundred-page introduction is at least as significant an addition to Boyle studies. In it, Hunter has placed these documents in the context of Boyle's life as a whole, in the context of the history of biography and autobiography in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century England , and in the context of twentieth-century interpretations of Boyle. He has woven the whole together into a complex tapestry which reflects his remarkable ability to combine smoothly a plethora of facts with astute analyses and interpretations. When all is said and done, the Boyle who emerges from these pages reveals a personality far more convoluted and complex (and hence far more human) than Birch's very selective account has led generations of scholars to believe. Hunter has employed his usual sophisticated editorial practices here, keeping footnotes to the documents themselves to a minimum by consigning minor changes in the manuscripts to a separate section and by providing both a biographical guide to persons mentioned frequently and an outline of the principle events in Boyle's life. The volume is not only a significant and welcome addition to Boyle studies and one which will alter dramatically our conception of Boyle, but is also of wider interest in terms of the history of intellectual biography in general. JAN WOJCIK Auburn University Lothar Kreimendahl, Hans-Ulrich Hoche, and Werner Strube, editors. AufkMrung und Skepsis: Studien zur Philosophie und Geistesgeschichte des 17. und t8. Jahrhunderts. Festschriftfftr Giinter Gawlick. Stuttgart-Bad Canstatt: Frommann-Holzboog, 1995. Pp. 326. Cloth, DM 198.oo. This volume is a Festschrift for Giinter Gawlick, longtime scholar of Cicero and Ciceronianism , Nicholas of Cusa, Spinoza, English and German deism, Hume and Hume's reception in Germany, and related matters. The bibliography at the end of the volume is a convenient guide to his work (some of it in English), which should be familiar to everyone working in these areas. Oswald Bayer, author of numerous recent articles on Hamann, provides a rare 146 JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY 35:1 JANUARY i997 clear exposition of Hamann's "Metacritique" of Kant. David Berman expands on his understanding of "theological lying" in Hume and Collins, Ulrich Dierse explores the late, enlightened physico-theology of G. F. Meier, just before it fell to Kant. Klaus Dfising contends that Kant's theory of schemata and imagination served as a refutation of skepticism. Jean Ecole brings out the relationship between essence and existence in Wolff. Eva Engel canvasses Mendelssohn's early writings for his appreciation and vindication of Spinoza. Norbert Hinske contrasts those who received Kant as the All.szenr~Imer of rational religion with the early Kantian Protestants at Jena who focussed on his destruction of scientific determinism in noumenal matters, thus creating room for religious faith or belief. Hans-Ulrich Hoche applies a Humean "skeptical solution" to "skeptical doubts" about the unity of the self and of others. Malte Hossenfelder gives us a deduction of the principal demands of a liberalism based on natural right (Naturrecht), expanding on Kant. Lothar Kreimendahl, coauthor with Gawlick of the major study, Hume in der deutschen Aufkliirung (Stuttgart, 1987), adds a substantial chapter...