Rational Therapy Research Articles

Effect of Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy on Physics Teachers’ Stress Management in Nigeria

Purpose: This study investigated how rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT) helped secondary school physics teachers manage work-related stress. Design/methods/approach: 86 secondary school physics teachers participated in this study using a randomised control trial group design as the study population. An appropriately validated and trial-tested job stress questionnaire was used to gather data for the study (α=.84). Prior to receiving a 12-week REBT intervention treatment, the participants underwent a pretest. After the intervention ended, the subjects underwent a posttest and were also given a follow-up test two months later. Data generated for this research was analysed analysis of variance (specifically repeated analysis of variance). Findings/Results: The outcome of the research revealed that the work stress of the physics teachers exposed to REBT was reduced significantly more than those of the control group.Implications: The research implication is that the work stress of physics teachers can be better managed using the REBT program. The study contributes to advancing the therapeutic space and concern that REBT treatment can be applied.

Kolerasi antara Pemahaman Diri terhadap Kesehatan Mental Siswa dalam Pendidikan

Kolerasi antara Pemahaman Diri terhadap Kesehatan Mental Siswa dalam Pendidikan

REBT: Reducing Tyranny and War Through Community Feeling and Social Interest

ABSTRACT: This article proposes that rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), including some potentially helpful innovations in it, when employed as part of psychotherapeutic and educational efforts, has the potential to reduce oppressive tendencies on the part of human beings, thus fostering community feeling and Social Interest (the constituent elements of Adlerian Gemeinschaftsgefühl ). In this way, REBT can help rob both tyranny and war making of much of their possible psychological underpinnings. The article discusses REBT principles and methods relevant to efforts to reduce tyranny and war, describes how REBT can promote Gemeinschaftsgefühl and related horizontal striving for perfection, and closes with suggestions for future directions based on the discussions.

The Effects of a Brief Online Rational-Emotive-Behavioral-Therapy Program on Coach Irrational Beliefs and Well-Being

Research into the psychology of coaching has been somewhat neglected in comparison to research on the psychological development of athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a brief online rational-emotive-behavioral-therapy (REBT) program on coach irrational beliefs and well-being. Coaching staff from an elite international canoeing team (N = 4) took part in a three-session (30- to 40-min) REBT program. Participants completed measures of irrational beliefs and mental well-being at preintervention, postintervention, and follow-up (1 month) time points. Visual analyses and social validation revealed that the intervention reduced irrational beliefs and enhanced mental well-being in two participants. However, REBT was more effective for some coaches than others, and follow-up data indicated a return to base levels in some coaches. Limitations and recommendations for future research are discussed, alongside practitioner reflections.

Comparative Analysis of Psychometric Properties of Irrational Belief Scale of Anxiety Patients

The term irrational is basically used in psychotherapy. The concept of irrationality is especially focused in Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) that is originated and developed by American Psychologist Albert Ellis. In this research it was first examined that how emotional intelligence plays a vital role in different anxiety disorders and how this emotional intelligence disturbs individual’s life. There are few researches conducted on emotional intelligence in Pakistan. The sample comprised of 200 patient’s males (n=105), females (n=95) with age range from 18 years older. The sample of study was collected by convenient sampling technique from different government hospitals of Islamabad, Rawalpindi and Wah Cantt. The patients were diagnosed by the psychiatrist and researcher herself according to the diagnostic criteria given by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (APA, 2000). Participants of both genders were included. Emotional intelligence was measured through trait emotional intelligence questionnaire short form (TEIQue-SF), irrational beliefs were measured through irrational belief scale (IBS) and anxiety was measured by Beck anxiety inventory (BAI). It was concluded that emotional intelligence has significant negative relationship with irrational beliefs and anxiety in patients with anxiety disorders. Irrational beliefs have non-significant positive relation with anxiety in patients with anxiety disorders.

Pendekatan Konseling Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy untuk Mengatasi Motivasi Belajar yang Rendah pada Peserta Didik SMA Negeri 1 Nalumsari

Students who have low learning motivation can have a bad influence on their learning. This can be proven at SMA Negeri 1 Nalumsari. The purpose of this research is to overcome low learning motivation using a rational emotive behavior therapy approach.Motivation to learn is a condition where there is an urge for someone to do something to achieve a goal, namely in learning by students who take a lesson to add insight in learning. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) counseling emphasizes rational thinking on student behavior. In this study the technique of providing Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) counseling assistance is the reinforcement technique.The type of research used in this research is quantitative research designed to use quasi experiments. The researcher used a pretest and posttest design which was carried out at SMA Negeri 1 Nalumsari. Where there are 2 measurements, namely pretest before being given treatment, then giving treatment, and posttest after being given treatment.The results of the test calculations obtained an Asymp.Sig (2-tailed) value of 0.020 0.05, so it can be concluded that the hypothesis is accepted. Thus, it means that the difference in the pretest and posttest scores is significant, meaning that there is a significant difference between the scores of learning motivation before and after being given treatment in other words Ha is accepted, which means that positive reinforcement can be used to overcome low learning motivation in students of SMA Negeri 1 Nalumsari class XIIPS 2.In this research, teachers should be able to apply a rational emotive behavior therapy counseling approach to overcome low learning motivation.

PENERAPAN KONSELING RATIONAL EMOTIVE THERAPY (RET) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PUBLIC SPEAKING SISWA KELAS XI SMA N 1 GEBOG

Students' low public speaking skills will hamper cognitive, psychomotor, social developmental tasks as well as learning outcomes because students who have low public speaking skills tend to have difficulty conveying their ideas and information. Inappropriate handling can also cause other negative impacts. Rational Emotive Therapy (RET) counseling is a process of assistance by the counselor to the counselee in overcoming problems caused by irrational ways of thinking. This case study research was carried out in class XI SMAN 1 Gebog with 2 research subjects and 3 counseling sessions. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study identify the factors that cause low counselee public speaking skills, namely anxiety that starts with irrational thoughts. After implementing RET counseling three times, SNA and ABP experienced a more positive change in attitude and thinking so they were able to improve their public speaking skills.

Romanian Version of the Frustration Discomfort Scale (FDS): A Preliminary Validation on a Non-clinical Sample

Low frustration tolerance is one of the key concepts in rational emotional behavior therapy (REBT). The purpose of this study is to explore the factorial structure, reliability, and validity of the Romanian version of the Frustration Discomfort Scale (FDS), developed by Harrington (Clin Psychol Psychother 12(5):374–387, 2005b. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.465), within a non-clinical sample (N = 308) of Romanian teachers. For validation purposes, participants also completed several measures such as the Unconditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (USAQ) (Chamberlain and Haaga in J Ration Emot Cogn Behav Ther 19(3):163–176, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011189416600), Attitudes and Belief Scale 2 (ABS2) (DiGiuseppe et al. J Ration Emot Cogn Behav Ther 36(1):47–79, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-017-0273-3), Teacher Irrational Belief Scale (TIBS) (Bernard Teacher irrationality and teacher stress, 24th international congress of psychology, Sydney, Australia, 1988), and Pupil Control Ideology Scale (PCI) (Willower et al. The school and pupil control, The Pennsylvania State University, 1967). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) suggests that the initial four-factor solution from the scale development study received similar support to the one-factor solution found in some previous studies. Patterns of correlations linking the FDS total sum score versus the FDS 4-factor scale scores with other variables provide some support for the one-factor solution, mainly because it is a more parsimonious solution. Differentiating between several subcomponents of FDS does not bring discriminant validity in our non-clinical sample. Based on current preliminary validation, the FDS is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing frustration discomfort in a Romanian-speaking population as a single-factor construct. Our results do not exclude the possibility that future discriminant validity endeavors could support the utility of treating low frustration tolerance as a multidimensional construct since using a non-clinical sample is likely to impact the factorial structure of the FDS.

The Impacts of Religious Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (RREBT) on Mental Health: A Comparative Review

Mental health affects how individuals deal with stress, communicate with others, and make wise decisions. Rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT) principles can be integrated with patients’ religious beliefs and faith to address some mental health issues. The primary goal of this article is to assess the impacts of various forms of religious REBT (RREBT) on patients’ mental health. This research adopted a comparative, scoping literature review method. The findings show that various forms of RREBT exist, but the most frequently used approach is Christian REBT (CREBT), followed by Islamic REBT (IREBT) and Jewish REBT (JREBT). Three studies examined IREBT and reported its significant positive effects in treating posttraumatic stress disorder, negative self-esteem, and family distress and conflict. Only one study focused on JREBT, demonstrating that it effectively reduced family distress symptoms and marital conflict. The rest of the studies focused on CREBT, and their findings ranged from its significant positive effects in managing emotional distress, panic attacks, avoidance, deficiencies in social communication, binge eating, aggression, depressive symptoms, poor work-life balance, poor quality of family life to symptoms of family distress and marital conflict. These three forms of RREBT have been applied in one study to manage family distress symptoms and marital conflict among couples. Based on evidence from five studies, depression is the most commonly treated mental health disorder by RREBT counselors. Across all studies reviewed, changes in irrational cognitions, irrational beliefs, and automatic negative thoughts were the most common change processes. RREBT clinicians employing any of these approaches in their clinical practice and research are urged to highlight the therapeutic techniques that worked for their clients, how much time it took them to achieve the desired change as well as the mechanisms of change so that future therapists can be able to adapt their procedures for their clients.

Some Issues of Rational Antibiotic Therapy for Acute Sinusitis

Some Issues of Rational Antibiotic Therapy for Acute Sinusitis

A Strategy Utilizing Protein-Protein Interaction Hubs for the Treatment of Cancer Diseases.

We describe a strategy for the development of a rational approach of neoplastic disease therapy based on the demonstration that scale-free networks are susceptible to specific attacks directed against its connective hubs. This strategy involves the (i) selection of up-regulated hubs of connectivity in the tumors interactome, (ii) drug repurposing of these hubs, (iii) RNA silencing of non-druggable hubs, (iv) in vitro hub validation, (v) tumor-on-a-chip, (vi) in vivo validation, and (vii) clinical trial. Hubs are protein targets that are assessed as targets for rational therapy of cancer in the context of personalized oncology. We confirmed the existence of a negative correlation between malignant cell aggressivity and the target number needed for specific drugs or RNA interference (RNAi) to maximize the benefit to the patient's overall survival. Interestingly, we found that some additional proteins not generally targeted by drug treatments might justify the addition of inhibitors designed against them in order to improve therapeutic outcomes. However, many proteins are not druggable, or the available pharmacopeia for these targets is limited, which justifies a therapy based on encapsulated RNAi.

Suitability Analysis of Gram Staining with Blood Culture in Bacteremia

Bacteremia is a serious bloodstream infection, requiring blood culture as the gold standard for definitive diagnosis and rational therapy, but it is time-consuming. The Gram stain should be considered as an alternative test, as it is easier and faster to determine empirical antibiotic therapy in order to minimize the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. This study aimed to analyze the suitability of Gram staining results with blood cultures in bacteremia. Cross-sectional study design from August to September 2022 at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital and Labuan Baji Hospital, Makassar. The study sample used specimens from automatic positive blood culture bottles of new bacteremia patients. Gram staining and sub-culture were performed to determine the type of Gram-positive or negative bacteria. Appropriate statistical analysis was used to compare the two methods. A total of 78 research samples were obtained. The results of subculture vs. Gram staining showed Gram-positive bacteria in 45 vs. 42 samples and Gram-negative bacteria in 33 vs. 36 samples, respectively. A comparative test using the Wilcoxon test showed no significant difference for the 2 tests, p-value = 0.257 (p > 0.05). The results of the Gram diagnostic test on culture showed high sensitivity and specificity, respectively: 88.9%, and 93.9% for Gram-positive bacteria, 93.9% and 88.9% for Gram-negative bacteria. Positive Predictive Value (PPV) and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) were 95.32% and 95.32% for Gram-positive, 86.11%, and 95.23 % for Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. There is a suitability between Gram stain and automatic blood culture results with high diagnostic value. Gram staining is expected to be a guide for selecting empirical therapy based on Gram's classification until the AST test results come out.

Prescription auditing in Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Srinagar, Jammu, and Kashmir: A prospective study

Background: Prescription audit can be described as a tool to evaluate the quality of medical treatment which is being offered to the patients in any health care facility. It can prove to be helpful in devising any effective changes that would improve quality of care to the patients. Aims and Objective: The study was conducted to carry out prescription audit among the psychiatric patients seeking consultation in a tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 500 prescriptions for a time period of six months in the outpatient department of Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (MHANS). During the study all the prescriptions were collected and evaluated based on WHO prescribing indicators. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS software version 16.0. Results: Five hundred prescriptions comprising of 1,260 drugs were analyzed. The average number of drugs per prescription was 2.8. There were 52.7% males and 47.3% females. Most patients (49%) were from the age group of 21-40 years. In majority of the cases (90.9%) more than one drug was prescribed and 4.6% (20) of medications were prescribed by generic names. The study revealed that Major Depression Disorder (MDD) was the most common psychiatric morbidity (40%). Clonazepam was the most common drug (19.6%) that was prescribed for the patients irrespective of the diagnosis. Conclusion: Prescription audit can be helpful to evaluate the existing prescription pattern of any health care facility and ensure the rational drug therapy as per WHO prescription parameters.

Food allergy to cow’s milk proteins and meat

Introduction. Cow’s milk and dairy products are important sources of high-quality animal proteins, calcium, vitamins, and minerals. They are widely used in the diet of preschool and school-age children and contribute to the normal development and resilience of children against the effects of adverse external factors. However, cow’s milk can cause serious allergic reactions in children, even leading to anaphylaxis. Allergy to cow’s milk proteins is one of the common allergic reactions among preschool-age children. Through conducted research, patterns of the natural course of milk allergy over time have been established. In most cases, by the age of 5 years, children develop tolerance to cow’s milk proteins. However, some school-age children may retain heightened sensitivity to them. Sustaining such prolonged milk allergy in a school-age child requires identifying the cause and conducting in-depth examinations for each specific patient. In such cases, valuable information about elevated sensitivity to whole cow’s milk protein and its components is provided by molecular (component-based) diagnostics. This enables the identification of causally significant components (α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, bovine serum albumin) of milk protein for the purpose of rational diet therapy, considering cross-reactions with beef meat. The presented article summarizes and systematizes literary and proprietary data on allergy to cow’s milk proteins and its components, as well as to beef meat. Understanding the characteristics of allergy to cow’s milk proteins and its components, cross-reacting with beef, will help avoid serious consequences of irrational elimination diets.

Approach to selecting mucoactive medications to treat cough in children

Cough is the most common symptom of acute respiratory infections in children. Rational approaches to the therapy of cough should be based on the diagnosis and analysis of cough features. In accordance with sputum quality and quantity, a dry (unproductive, minimally productive) and wet (productive) cough is distinguished. The cough can be acute (up to 4 weeks), subacute, chronic, recurrent in duration. Cough assessment should involve considering the following characteristics: rhythm, timbre, nature, intensity, time of onset, duration, frequency, body position while coughing, impact of cough on the patient’s condition and sleep; presence of airway obstruction, etc. All presentations of cough can change during the development of the disease, which must be considered in the diagnosis and therapy. These characteristics of cough help the therapist select a rational therapy. Particular attention is paid to the therapy of wet cough, which is based on the stimulation of mucociliary clearance, restoration of the drainage function of the lungs; improvement of sputum elimination, thinning and removal of viscous bronchial secretion from the respiratory tract; prevention of mucostasis. The article discusses the pharmacokinetics and mechanism of action for Ambroxol in terms of its indications for OTC drug delivery, clinical data on the use of ambroxol in children. The primary mechanism of action for Ambroxol involves stimulation of surfactant synthesis, a complex mechanism that is not yet fully understood, but which provides Ambroxol with effective mucokinetic and secretion-stimulating properties, thus contributing to mucus clearance, which facilitates expectoration and productive cough.

A case of Vagococcus fluvialis isolated from the bile of a patient with calculous cholecystitis

BackgroundChronic cholecystitis, characterized by persistent inflammation of the gallbladder, predominantly stems from the prolonged presence of gallstones. Calculous cholecystitis has demonstrated a consistent escalation in its incidence over time.Gallbladder stones have been recognized as a predisposing factor for the development of biliary tract infections.Concomitantly, there have been substantial shifts in the distribution and resistance profiles of pathogenic microorganisms responsible for biliary tract infections. The timely acquisition of bile samples for pathogen analysis is of paramount importance, given its critical role in guiding judicious clinical pharmacotherapy and enhancing patient prognosis.Case PresentationWe present a case involving a 66-year-old female patient who had previously undergone subtotal gastrectomy due to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The patient was admitted to our institution with complaints of abdominal pain. Subsequent diagnostic evaluation revealed concurrent choledocholithiasis and cholecystolithiasis. The patient underwent surgical cholecystectomy as the therapeutic approach. Histopathological examination of the excised gallbladder disclosed characteristic features indicative of chronic cholecystitis. Subsequent laboratory analysis of the patient’s bile specimen yielded Gram-positive cocci, subsequently identified through biochemical assays, mass spectrometry, and 16 S rRNA analysis as Vagococcus fluvialis. Further in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing using disk diffusion and microfluidic dilution showed that this strain exhibited inhibition zone diameters ranging from 12.0 to 32.0 mm in response to 26 antibiotics, including ampicillin, cefazolin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, ampicillin/sulbactam, piperacillin, ciprofloxacin, cefoperazone/sulbactam, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin/tazobarb, penicillin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin, methotrexate/sulfamethoxazole, teicoplanin, linezolid, tigecycline, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, levofloxacin, minocycline and tobramycin. However, the inhibition zone diameters were 6.0 mm for amikacin, oxacillin, clindamycin, and tetracycline. The patient received ceftazidime anti-infective therapy both preoperatively and within 24 h postoperatively and was discharged successfully one week after surgery.ConclusionIn this study, we present the inaugural isolation and identification of Vagococcus fluvialis from bile specimens of patients afflicted with calculous cholecystitis. This novel finding lays a substantial experimental groundwork for guiding clinically rational antimicrobial therapy and advancing the exploration of relevant pathogenic mechanisms pertaining to Vagococcus fluvialis infections.

Rational mucolytic therapy with ambroxol: controversial and indisputable. A review

Many years of experience in the use of ambroxol is based on its ability to regulate the basic mechanisms of physiological production and transport of bronchial mucus. The main indication for ambroxol is the mucolytic therapy of acute and chronic bronchopulmonary diseases associated with hypersecretion and impaired mucus transport. Ambroxol has a number of the following properties: high secretolytic activity (promotes mucus clearance, facilitates expectoration of sputum, reduces productive cough); anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity; local analgesic (anesthetic) effect through the blockade of sodium channels of cell membranes. The effect of anesthesia of the mucous membranes is attributed to the new pharmacological action of ambroxol, useful in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infections. The efficacy and safety of ambroxol in clinical practice has been confirmed by half a century of experience in its administration. The purpose of this publication was an up-to-date assessment of the controversial and indisputable chemical, pharmacological, clinical data on the properties of ambroxol in the concept of modern recovery mucolytic therapy that can improve the therapy and prognosis of patients with tracheobronchial secretion hypersecretion, impaired mucociliary clearance and unproductive cough.

A Point Prevalence Survey of Antimicrobial Use at Geita Regional Referral Hospital in North-Western Tanzania.

We conducted a point prevalence survey (PPS) to determine the prevalence of antibiotic use at Geita Regional Referral Hospital (GRRH) located along the shores of Lake Victoria in north-western Tanzania. This has led to the identification of gaps for improvement. This PPS study was conducted on 9-10 March 2023. Patient-related information, including sociodemographic and clinical data, was collected from medical records. STATA software version 15.0 was used to perform descriptive data analysis. About 94.8% (55/58) patients were on antibiotics with a mean (±SD) prescription of 2 (±0.5) antibiotic agents ranging from 1 to 4 different agents. The commonest indications of the antibiotic prescription were medical prophylaxis 47.3% (26/55) followed by empiric treatment 41.8% (23/55). In total, 110 prescriptions were made, of which metronidazole (25.5%; n = 28), ceftriaxone (23.6%; n = 26), and ampicillin-cloxacillin (23.6%; n = 26) were frequently observed. Only 67.3% (n = 74) of prescriptions complied with Tanzania Standard Treatment Guidelines. Moreover, according to the WHO-AWaRe classification, 50.9%, 23.6%, and 25.5% were under the Access category, Watch category, and Not Recommended category, respectively. The prevalence of antibiotic use among patients admitted to GRRH was high, whereby medical prophylaxis and empiric treatment were the commonest indications for antibiotic prescription. To support rational therapy and antimicrobial stewardship initiatives, we recommend that laboratories in regional hospitals be equipped to conduct sustained routine culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

Differential Diagnostic Indicators for the Appointment of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Therapy in the Treatment of Red Eye Syndrome at the Stage of Primary Outpatient Admission. Part 2

In recent years, the Delphi method (DMt) has been widely used in scientific practice. It is based on an expert assessment of the object under study, which is formed on the basis of a survey of a group of experts in a particular field. The application of the Delphi method in various areas of ophthalmological practice has made it possible to develop practical recommendations for the diagnosis of visual stress, methods for diagnosing and treating keratoconus, to develop clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with Sjögren’s syndrome, to classify the signs and symptoms of dry eye syndrome in accordance with the main mechanism of its occurrence and etc. A survey ophthalmologist expert conducted during the study, performed in accordance with the Delphi method, aimed at developing a differential algorithm in the treatment of patients with one of the most common pathologies among diseases belonging to the category of “red eye syndrome” — conjunctivitis, allowed identify key symptoms for prescribing different groups of drugs. In accordance with the clinical guidelines developed by the Russian Association of Ophthalmologists, the following groups of drugs are recommended for use: antibacterial, antiseptic, antihistamine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antiviral drugs. This article presents the results obtained in determining the indications for the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory therapy in the treatment of conjunctivitis. These include: the presence of a history of systemic diseases, the duration of inflammation for more than 7 days, the absence or presence of mucous discharge, complaints of a feeling of pain, discomfort in the eyes, their redness, as well as biomicroscopic signs of inflammation, which manifest themselves as mild to moderate conjunctival hyperemia expressiveness. The result obtained is of fundamental practical importance for primary outpatient ophthalmologists for choosing rational drug therapy in the treatment of one of the most common pathologies encountered in ophthalmic practice — conjunctivitis. A differentiated approach in choosing the volume and type of drug therapy based on the severity of the inflammatory process will reduce the drug load on the ocular surface. In accordance to the data presented in the first part of this article, it will lead to a decrease the risk of developing signs of dry eye syndrome against the background of a stopped inflammatory process in the long-term period and improving the quality of life in patients.

ELK4 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression by Activating the Neoangiogenic Factor LRG1 in a Noncanonical SP1/3-Dependent Manner.

Although the MAPK/MEK/ERK pathway is prevalently activated in colorectal cancer (CRC), MEK/ERK inhibitors show limited efficiency in clinic. As a downstream target of MAPK, ELK4 is thought to work primarily by forming a complex with SRF. Whether ELK4 can serve as a potential therapeutic target is unclear and the transcriptional regulatory mechanism has not been systemically analyzed. Here,it isshown that ELK4 promotes CRC tumorigenesis. Integrated genomics- and proteomics-based approaches identified SP1 and SP3, instead of SRF, as cooperative functional partners of ELK4 at genome-wide level in CRC. Serum-induced phosphorylation of ELK4 by MAPKs facilitated its interaction with SP1/SP3. The pathological neoangiogenic factor LRG1isidentified as a direct target of the ELK4-SP1/SP3 complex. Furthermore, targeting the ELK4-SP1/SP3 complex by combination treatment with MEK/ERK inhibitor and the relatively specific SP1 inhibitor mithramycin A (MMA) elicited a synergistic antitumor effect on CRC. Clinically, ELK4isa marker of poor prognosis in CRC. A 9-gene prognostic model based on the ELK4-SP1/3 complex-regulated gene set showed robust prognostic accuracy.Theresults demonstrate that ELK4 cooperates with SP1 and SP3 to transcriptionally regulate LRG1 to promote CRC tumorigenesis in an SRF-independent manner, identifying the ELK4-SP1/SP3 complex as a potential target for rational combination therapy.