Rating System Research Articles

Juxtaposing Gender Differentials in Credit Assessment of Farmers in Nigeria: A Hybridized Credit-Scoring Approach

Using data from 360 smallholder farmers in Southeast Nigeria, the study creates the architecture for a new farmer's hybrid credit rating system used in classifying farmers who applied for microfinance loans based on their creditworthiness. We discovered new evidence that the hybridized credit scoring algorithm demonstrated unprecedented concordance in assessing the financial viability of farmers along gender lines. The discriminant analysis, in particular, closely aligned with the credit score model, with 34.4% and 46.7% of male and female farmers grouped as creditworthy, reflecting the model's estimates of 33.3% and 45.5%, indicating gaps of 12.3% and 12.2%, respectively, to the advantage of the female farmers. Our findings further suggest that annual income, marital status, and farm size strongly influence the separation between creditworthy and non-creditworthy farmers. While age, loan term, and a history of defaults had a negative impact on discrimination, in light of the findings, we recommend a collaboration between authorities, financial institutions, and extension workers in offering tailored trainings to both male and female farmers, assisting them in meeting up-to-date credit prerequisites, adopting modified farming techniques, and improving their general preparedness to be accepted for loans in this changing credit evaluation landscape so as to bridge the disparity and promote financial inclusion for farmers irrespective of gender affiliations.

Assessing anthropogenic influences on the water quality of Gomati River using an innovative weighted fuzzy soft set based water pollution rating system

The increasing pollution of river systems poses a significant challenge to water quality management and public health. This study was conducted to evaluate the water quality of the Gomati River in India, focusing on the impact of anthropogenic activities on pollution levels across different seasons. The primary objective was to develop a comprehensive assessment model using an effective weighted fuzzy soft expert system (WFSES) to derive a weighted water pollution score (WWP-score) for rating water pollution levels based on various water quality parameters. To achieve this, we employed a fuzzy soft set (FSS) methodology integrated with a weighted fuzzy soft set (WFSS) model to analyze water quality indices at six sampling stations along the Gomati River, the largest river in Tripura, India. Originating from the Raima and Sarma streams, the river flows westward through key regions, providing 249.39 million cubic meters of water annually, essential for drinking, agriculture, fishing, and transportation. The study utilized crisp data summaries of key water quality parameters, including pH, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, electrical conductivity, biochemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, total hardness, chloride, total alkalinity, and total coliform, across the pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons from May 2022 to April 2023, guided by the distribution of waste discharge points. Fuzzy membership functions were defined for these parameters, and the root mean square (RMSQR) operation was used to combine multiple FSSs. The results revealed that the WWP-scores, a measure of water quality, ranged from 0.744 to 0.872 across the sampling stations, with Srimantapur exhibiting the highest level of pollution and Udaipur showing comparatively better quality. These scores indicate that water quality at all sites falls into the poor category, with Srimantapur experiencing the most severe contamination due to high levels of coliform bacteria and organic pollutants. The analysis highlights the impact of domestic wastewater and agricultural runoff on the river's health. This research offers a novel application of FSS and WFSS theory in environmental management, providing a robust framework for evaluating and ranking water quality across multiple parameters. The findings are valuable to the scientific community as they offer detailed insights into the pollution dynamics of the Gomati River and propose a methodological approach for assessing water quality in other river systems facing similar challenges. The study's results underscore the need for targeted pollution control measures and continuous monitoring to safeguard water resources and public health.

Assessment of landslide Possibility Index and Rockfall Hazard Rating System for Slopes in Qaywan Mountain, Sulaimani Governorate, Northeastern Iraq

The current study includes assessing road risks using a system Landslide Possibility Index (LPI) and Rockfall Hazard Rating System (RHRS) analysis along the Qaywan Mountain (anticline) main road 20 km north of SulaimaniGovernorate. Slope stability assessments consisted of seventeen stations along the main road in the study area. Along the outcropped rock units represented by formations, Balambo, Sarmord, Kometan, and Shiranish, a thorough discontinuity assessment and a regional survey of slopes were carried out. Along the cut slopes, rockfall is the primary type of failure, in addition to possibility types of landslide failures in the studied area is plane sliding, wedge sliding, and toppling because cutting rocks to build roads, slope direction and slope angle, dip and dip direction of discontinuities. The (LPI) indicates all the slopes studied in 17 sites in the surveyed area along the road were classified as high hazard. According to the analysis results of the RHRS, the score ranges between 177 and 375. Site no. 5 (375) has the highest rating value indicating a moderate hazard that requires remedial measures to be taken with a moderate level of urgency and site no.8 has the lowest value noted (177). It is the only site that falls under this rating, which is classified as a low hazard and slopes do not require detailed studies.

Peer learning and peer assessment in institutions of higher education

The article examines the types of control and the most important principles of evaluating the knowledge of higher education students; the advantages of the modular rating system for the organization of training and training in "peer-to-peer" or peering training conditions are shown; the basis of peer learning is considered and various definitions of peer assessment are proposed. The basis of peering interaction is Web 3.0 technologies, the Internet, a large number of open educational resources (OER), and mass digitization of various materials. Peer 2 Peer University (P2PU) is an example of peering interaction and its successful functioning system. The system of peering interaction using ICT is revealed and the possibilities for peering assessment, which are provided in the applications of research learning spaces, are shown. The features of peer evaluation and consideration of these features when developing evaluation criteria are described. Based on the results of the ascertainment experiment and the conclusions regarding the renewal and improvement of the educational sector, in general, and the evaluation of higher education applicants, in particular, a model of digital tools and methods of introducing peer evaluation into the educational process of higher education institutions was introduced into the educational process of higher education institutions.

What Drives Early Childhood Providers to Increase Quality? Using Expectancy-Value Theory to Understand Providers’ Motivations and Challenges in Quality Rating and Improvement Systems

ABSTRACT Research Findings: Quality Rating and Improvement Systems (QRIS) are operated with an assumption that early childhood education (ECE) providers will participate and increase quality to get more recognition and enrollment. However, few studies have examined whether and why ECE providers are motivated to increase quality in a QRIS. We explored ECE providers’ motivations and challenges in a QRIS using Expectancy-Value Theory (EVT). Phone interview data with 56 ECE providers participating in one U.S. state’s QRIS and 4 non-participants were analyzed using Applied Thematic Analysis. Results showed that ECE providers have different levels of perceived competence, values, and cost, which may be associated with whether they are motivated or discouraged to increase quality in a QRIS and whether they participate in a QRIS. Practice or Policy: The components of EVT can be useful to understand and interpret ECE providers’ motivation for participation in a QRIS. Examining ECE providers’ motivation can help QRISs tailor support for providers’ different needs, values, and challenges. We suggest that future research examine how ECE providers’ motivation across individual- and program-level factors may impact their decisions to improve quality in a QRIS. We also highlight the importance of examining ECE providers’ motivation, experiences, and perceptions for QRIS to support their efforts to improve quality more efficiently.

The Impact of ESG Rating Events on Corporate Green Technology Innovation under Sustainable Development: Perspectives Based on Informal Environmental Regulation of Social Systems

Corporate green technology innovation is an important driver to promote the green transformation of the manufacturing industry 4.0 and an important engine to achieve China’s carbon peak, carbon neutrality, and high-quality economic development. Based on the theory of informal environmental regulation of social systems, this study empirically analyzes the impact of ESG rating events on corporate green technology innovation by constructing a multi-period DID model using panel data of Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2022 as the research sample. The findings suggest that ESG rating events and ESG scores can stimulate corporate green technology innovation. ESG rating uncertainty can inhibit corporate green technology innovation. The mediation effect analysis shows that ESG rating events can stimulate firms’ green technology innovation by reducing financing constraints, increasing the degree of corporate internal control, and increasing R&D investment. In addition, heterogeneity analyses indicate that ESG rating events have a better stimulating effect on the quantity of innovation of non-state-owned enterprises than state-owned enterprises, while the stimulating effect on the quality of innovation of non-state-owned enterprises is inferior to that of state-owned enterprises. Moreover, the innovation stimulation effect of ESG rating events shows a trend of east-high and west-low in geographical distribution. Therefore, the government should accelerate the construction of the ESG rating system, promote the degree of convergence with international standards, and improve the level of enterprises’ utilization of digital technology while paying attention to informal environmental regulation.

The complexity of interpersonal physiology during rupture and repair episodes in the treatment of borderline personality disorder: a proof-of-concept multimethod single case study of verbal and non-verbal interactional dynamics.

The aim of this proof-of-concept multimethod exploratory single case study is to increase knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of alliance ruptures and repairs in Borderline Personality Disorder treatment across and within the psychotherapeutic treatment process. The multimethod includes outcome assessment of patient self-reporting questionnaires (the Affect Integration Inventory, the Hopkins Symptom Checklist), observation-based ratings of sessions with the Rupture Resolution Rating System, quantitative analysis of heart rate variability using recurrence quantification analysis, and a qualitative multimodal interaction analysis of within-session dynamics. Results reveal how patterns of heart rate synchrony between patient and therapist reflect periodical patterns of emotional interaction corresponding to key therapeutic alliance processes throughout the treatment process. Particularly, heart rate synchronization and desynchronization correspond with increasing rupture resolution ratings and positive outcome measures in the last part of the therapy process, indicating increased productivity, affectivity, and positive change. The qualitative microanalysis highlights context sensitivity to alliance management within sessions. Physiological arousal is found to underlie important alliance processes, including emotion regulation, relatedness, security, empathic responding, sense-making, and validation in correspondence with different therapist verbal and non-verbal markerbs. Clinical implications and study limitations are discussed. Recommendations are made for future directions in relation to applying multimethod approaches when studying rupture and repair processes in psychotherapy.

An Improved Point System for Cricket’s World Test Championship

With the advent of formats of limited overs in cricket like the One Day and Twenty-20 Internationals, test cricket, the longest-running version of the game, has witnessed a significant decline in popularity. The World Test Championship (WTC) was launched in 2019 by the International Cricket Council to reignite interest in test cricket. However, the initial point distribution system devised for the inaugural WTC had several shortcomings, which include allocating points based on the outcome of the entire series rather than the number of test matches played, the absence of rewards for teams winning matches away from home, failing to take into consideration the margin of victory (MOV) and not accounting for the relative strength of competing teams. Considering these shortcomings, this article proposes a new point system, thus providing an alternative to the existing one. The point system uses the Elo rating system, including factors such as home-field advantage, impact of the toss and MOV. Statistical analyses were conducted to validate the home-field advantage and toss impact. Subsequently, the proposed model developed was named the points won per match system. The team rankings in the WTC are established based on this proposed model and compared with the actual one.

Porous starch-probiotics encapsulation for 3D-printed chocolate

This study aims to utilize 3D printing technology to prepare functional chocolates with high content and viability of probiotics. Firstly, in order to protect probiotics (L. plantarum, lpl) avoiding inactive by melting chocolate syrup, we used raw starches as different amylose/amylopectin ratios (up to ∼30% amylose) for preparing novel porous carriers to encapsulate them. Then the formed pores of porous starches (HPPS1:0,3:1,1:1,1:3,0:1) were identified by SEM and BET, and their ability to encapsulate lpl were compared (with HPPS3:1 showing the best behavior) based on the survival rate and gastrointestinal simulation system. Then HPPS3:1-lpl capsule was applied in 3D printed chocolate, with optimization of adding levels for the shaping property. Probiotic cell viability, rheology, texture, and digestion simulation were also compared. The results showed that the surviving amount of probiotics (107 CFU/g) in HPPS3:1-lpl@choc (add 15% HPPS3:1-lpl to the chocolate) was much higher than that in lpl@choc (102 CFU/g, without microencapsulation protection) after in-vitro digestion test, among which HPPS3:1-lpl@choc15 had the best shaping property. This research provides a new alternative strategy for utilizing porous starch carrier to encapsulate probiotics for melting 3D printing of chocolate (or other similar food materials) as personalized design.

Circles of port sustainability: A novel method combining global comparability and local relatability in performance assessment

Ports are increasingly ‘greening’ operations to protect their ‘license to operate’ by integrating social-environmental considerations into their management and reporting on their sustainability performance. In this research, we develop a novel method for port sustainability performance (PSP) assessment that combines science-based knowledge with place-based contextualisation. Specifically, we address a recognised challenge of combining global (‘top-down’) techno-scientifically oriented indicators with place-based locally relatable (‘bottom-up’) contexts in sustainability performance, in addition to addressing limitations encountered in empirical verification. First, a critical evaluation of the international literature on port sustainability assessments is undertaken to distil commonalities in global performance indicators, and to identify typical frames used in the design of sustainability performance indices. We apply this learning, together with place-based experiential knowledge, to develop a science-based framework for a Port Sustainability Performance (PSP) Index that is explicitly aligned with the Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs). We then apply a co-design process to demonstrate local customisation of the index to derive place-based quantifiable measures and targets. Further, for easy-to-use empirical verification, a simple spreadsheet is applied to develop a flexible weighted scoring matrix. The matrix uses place-based rating systems for selected measures and associated targets, and aggregates allocated scores into informative outputs. Finally, the concept of Circles of Sustainability is adapted for ports to visually display sustainability performance, in alignment with related SDGs. This research contributes to bridging the science-practice divide in reporting on port sustainability performance.

Implementation of sprinkling location with restructure-monochrome-dot on diffusivity mutational-status of fabricated function agent on porous

The recognition technology that determines the sprinkling mutation status in simple squamous epithelium cells produces a monochromatic dot pattern in an echo state using the instantaneous recognition rate (MPR) and vacuum recognition rate (VPR). The diffusivity echo system was created in the form of sprinkler recognition to control recognition rate conditions. The mutation status of simple squamous epithelium cells is displayed as a sprinkling porous value according to the sprinkling location layer by a diffusivity-down structure to search as a jagged monochrome-dot pattern. In the sprinkling porous, the perception rate concept is verified by referencing the instantaneous rate and vacuum rate to the mutant state signal through the sprinkling echo conformation. The jagged mutation state of MPR-VPR appears from a sprinkling porous to a maximum-minimum sprinkling-echo conformation. Sprinkling echo locations are found in the sprinkling porous values of the mutant state. Wr-af-FA-τMED is far mutational-status of 18.12±5.16 units, Wr-af-CO-τMED is convenient mutational-status of 6.89±0.30 units, Wr-af-FL-τMED is flank mutational-status of 2.34±1.53 units, Wr-af-VI-τMED is vicinage mutational-status of 0.48±0.20 units. Diffusivity echo calculates the jagged momentary vacuum conformation that appears through the perception rate system in simple squamous epithelium cells, and the ability to estimate the sprinkling-echo conformation for the jagged degree perception rate of MPR-VPR can be confirmed. We can estimate the shape through the vacuum signal in the sprinkling porous and estimate the diffusion data of the diffusivity echo rate through the diffusivity perception system.

Development of national post-fire restoration system to assess net GHG impacts and salvage biomass availability

In light of the recent unprecedented wildfires in Canada and the potential for increasing burned areas in the future, there is a need to explore post-fire salvage harvest and restoration and the implications for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Salvage logging and replanting initiatives offer a potential solution by regrowing forests more quickly while meeting societal demands for wood and bioenergy.This study presents a comprehensive modeling framework to estimate post-fire salvage biomass and net GHG emissions relative to a ‘do-nothing’ baseline for all of Canada's harvest-eligible forests. Forest ecosystem carbon emissions and removals were modeled at 1-ha spatial resolution for Canadian forests using the Generic Carbon Budget Model (GCBM) from 1990 to 2070 using several forest inventory data sources with future harvest and wildfires.Building upon previous research, our work integrated the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System fire intensity to estimate fire severity of future wildfires. For 2024 to 2070, we assessed the changes in ecosystem carbon, emissions from harvested wood products, and substitution benefits from avoided emissions-intensive materials, relative to a forward-looking baseline. Our prototype system provides a comprehensive framework, configuration files, links to datasets to quantify the net GHG of post-fire restoration, and sample results for validation.•Developed spatially explicit forest carbon modeling system for all of Canada's forests.•Assessed the net GHG reduction from post-fire restoration.•Used system approach to consider forests, wood products and substitution benefits.

Critical Review and Potential Improvement of the New International Airport Pavement Strength Rating System

Critical Review and Potential Improvement of the New International Airport Pavement Strength Rating System

“They don't care what we watch”: On ratings and culture‐making in the dizi industry

AbstractThis article challenges Western‐centric assumptions in existing media theories that assume a relatively democratic society by exploring the media worlds of dizis, Turkey's globally famous, serialized television melodramas. It examines dizi makers' frustrations with a recently revised rating system at a time when Turkey's conservative and authoritarian‐leaning ruling AKP elite increasingly intervene in the country's cultural field. The article argues that in Turkey's highly polarized, authoritarian context, ratings become a crucial site of culture‐making, through which Turkish culture, the value of cultural products like dizis, and the place of their creators in Turkey's cultural hegemony get renegotiated. Exploring the resentments of today's dizi makers reveals that contemporary Turkish power contestations cannot be reduced to either the secular/religious binary or to class dynamics alone, as often deployed to explain the current polarization between Erdoğan's supporters and his dissidents. The article also demonstrates the need for more rigorous theorizing about how states—as repressive actors in authoritarian contexts—affect the worlds of media creators and their works.

Fuzzy-Based Decision Support Model for Assessing Green Building Performance

Global warming is currently a major environmental issue that is capable of causing unpredictable climate changes. The phenomenon is due to the accumulation of gases and carbon dioxide in the earth’s atmosphere, partly attributed to building operation and construction. The Green Building Rating System (GBRS) is developed to assess and measure the level of green building practices to address this problem. The assessments have typically been conducted using conventional methods that require parameters to meet specific criteria. However, certain parameter values cannot be calculated using objective methods, such as bias, time series, and distance values. The existence of these challenges leads to the development and integration of the Decision Support Model (DSM) into the GBRS in the research. The DSM uses a mathematical model, Tsukamoto Fuzzy Inference System (FIS), and conventional methods to handle the parameter values. Moreover, data related to the parameters are collected and analyzed quantitatively. As a result, the DSM-GBRS model is successfully implemented with two findings. First, there are 83 parameters, related to policy, retrofit, construction, and utilization aspects based on Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat Nomor 21 Tahun 2021. Second, the model provides precise decision values by splitting the treatment into four types: conventional, Fuzzy logic, slope, and Euclidean distance to ensure a comprehensive assessment of green building performance.

The Evolution of the International Monetary System: Impacts on Multinational Firms and Global Trade

The International Monetary System is a global system that regulates money transfers between different nations. It includes currency exchange rates, regulation of international payments, legislations on capital movements, and worldwide financial organizations, including the IMF. The paper analyses how the change over time of the International Monetary System (IMS) affects the international trade and MNCs. Thus, from the Bretton Woods new exchange regime established in 1944–1971 to the current floating exchange rate system, it has been analyzed in regard to the IMS's historical development. Because of the increasing volatility in the currency rate, this has consequently had an impact on the stability of international transactions and trade volumes. The IMS study investigates exchange rate systems, capital flow regulations, and the role of international financial organizations, including the IMF. For its methodology, the study resorted to a mixed-method approach, combining numbers analysis-that includes regression models and time- series data on exchange rates, amounts of international trade, and MNC performance-with analysis of the historical record and inspection of IMF policy documents. The study shows that trade goes down during big financial troubles, like the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997 and the Global Financial Crisis in 2008. It also shows that changes in exchange rates make global trade smaller, especially during these crises. Also, while IMF help, such as structural adjustment programs, often causes short-term problems for multinational companies (MNCs), like less foreign direct investment (FDI), these policies usually help stabilize economies and lead to recovery in the long run. The outcomes indicate how the IMS, international trade, and multinational corporations are intertwined. Acquainting oneself with the fluctuating money system is very crucial because it enables a person to make informed decisions about the world economy. Keywords: International Monetary System (IMS), Exchange Rate Volatility, Multinational Corporations (MNCs), International Trade, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Star Ratings in Long-Term Care Facilities in Australia: Facility Characteristics Associated With High Ratings and Changes in Ratings Over Time

ObjectivesA Star Rating system (1 to 5 stars) of long-term care facilities in Australia is based on 4 sub-categories: compliance, quality measures, residents’ experience, and staffing. The objectives were to examine associations between facility characteristics and the odds of receiving a 4- or 5-star rating, and changes in ratings between the earliest reporting period (October–December 2022) to the most recent (April–June 2023). DesignCross-sectional, ecological study, with an additional longitudinal component. SettingLong-term care facilities in Australia. MethodsAssociations between facility characteristics and the odds of receiving a 4- or 5-star rating were examined using a multiple logistic regression model. Average changes in overall star rating and each sub-category weighted by fractional contribution to overall star rating were estimated. ResultsOf 2476 facilities, 53.7% received a 4- or 5-star rating, 44.1% a 3-star rating, and 2.1% a 1- or 2-star rating in the April–June 2023 reporting period. Facility characteristics associated with higher odds of 4- or 5-star ratings included small (≤60 residents) and medium-size (61–100 residents) (odds ratios, 3.16; 95% CI, 2.51–3.98 and 1.72; 05% CI, 1.38–2.13, respectively), and Queensland location compared with New South Wales (2.42; 95% CI, 1.87–3.14). Facilities in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas (0.45; 95% CI, 0.33–0.62) and for-profit (0.12; 95% CI, 0.07–0.22) or not-for-profit facilities (0.16; 95% CI, 0.09–0.29) compared with government-operated were associated with lower odds of 4- or 5-star ratings. Between the 2 reporting periods, 25.1% of facilities' star ratings increased and 10.2% decreased (average change 0.156). Residents’ experience, compliance, and staffing had the largest weighted average sub-category rating changes (0.051, 0.042, and 0.042, respectively). ConclusionsSmaller size, government ownership, and location in socioeconomically advantaged areas were associated with higher odds of 4- or 5-star ratings in long-term care facilities. Average star ratings increased over time but increases and decreases in overall and sub-category ratings were observed.

Beyond words: unveiling the implications of blank reviews in online rating systems

AbstractThis study analyzes how review length relates to numerical scores on online platforms, conducting separate analyses for positive and negative comments and accounting for non-linearities in the relationship. Moreover, we consider the role played by blank reviews, i.e. those ratings without textual content, a topic that has been largely overlooked in previous works. Our findings suggest that blank reviews are positively correlated with higher scores, which has important implications for the ordering of reviews on online platforms. We propose that these results can be explained by social exchange theory, which suggests that less strict review policies could increase engagement and lead to a more balanced evaluation of establishments. This could offset the tendency of dissatisfied guests to disproportionately report negative experiences. Future studies should compare the composition of guest reviews on platforms adopting differing review policies.

The implied risks caused by ESG rating divergence: a test based on the cost of equity capital

ABSTRACT Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance serves as a crucial factor in investor decision-making; however, the existence of ESG rating divergence adds complexity and investment risk to assessing a firm’s sustainable performance. This article investigates the impact and the mechanisms behind firms’ ESG rating divergence on the cost of equity capital, enriches the research content of the economic consequences of ESG rating. This article uncovers the following key findings: (1) Increasing the divergence in a firm’s ESG ratings correlates with a rise in the cost of equity capital. (2) The influence of ESG rating divergence on the cost of equity capital, primarily through stock market performance. Specifically, ESG rating divergence positively correlates with stock price synchronicity, exhibiting a mediating effect on the cost of equity capital; it is negatively correlated with stock returns and turnover rates. (3) Digital transformation and financial institution shareholding negatively moderate ESG rating divergence and the cost of equity capital. (4) The impact of ESG rating divergence on the cost of equity capital is more pronounced in non-state-owned, non-cross-border listed, and small-size firms. The conclusions of this study provide references for relevant institutions to standardize rating systems, provide references for firms to optimize ESG information disclosure.

Reviews, trust, and customer experience in online marketplaces: the case of Mercado Libre Colombia

PurposeThe research focuses on the crucial role of online reviews in shaping consumer trust in e-commerce platforms, examining the impact of perceived authentic and fake reviews on purchasing decisions and platform reputation. It assesses how consumers perceive review authenticity and quality and their effects on trust levels in reviews, marketplaces, and reputation systems. It also explores the relationship between trust forms and overall experiences.Design/methodologyA quantitative approach is employed, utilizing a questionnaire distributed to recent Mercado Libre buyers. To test hypotheses, data from 326 valid responses are analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsFindings reveal that fake review perception negatively affects trust in rating systems, while high-quality reviews positively influence all trust forms. Customer experience is directly impacted by trust in marketplaces and rating systems, indicating a mediation effect of trust in the rating system on the relationship between fake review perception and customer experience.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations include using a convenience sample and focusing on trust in the rating system rather than reviews or the marketplace, suggesting avenues for future research. Practical implications include recommendations to ensure review quality, enhance rating system controls, and promote review usage in the purchase process.OriginalityThe study addresses a timely and relevant gap in understanding the impact of reviews on e-commerce trust, particularly within the context of Latin America and Mercado Libre’s dominance in the region’s e-commerce landscape.