Highly selective and discriminative detection of analogous nitroaromatic antibiotics necessitates the development of high-efficient sensing matrixes and detection modes, where multi-emission materials combined with statistical analysis methods can provide a feasible pathway to construct the lab-on-a-molecule chemosensor for antibiotic detection. Herein, a dual-emission macrocyclic samarium complex Sm-2j3 is synthesized by template method, and it provides three fluorescence channels (436, 596 and 643 nm) along with two imine bond sensing sites. As a result, Sm-2j3 allows high-throughput identification of ten analogous antibiotics by PCA and HCA methods, even in real water sample. And it also exhibits sensitive quantitation of NFT and NFZ, which have LOD values as low as 0.67 μΜ and 0.70 μΜ. Further experiments show that Sm-2j3 still can clearly distinguish a range of two-component antibiotic mixtures in different proportions. Our proposed Sm-2j3 provides a distinctive reference for effective detection of various antibiotics and is expected to widen applications on luminescent lanthanide materials, being potentially useful in multianalyte detection.