Area Of Rapid Growth Research Articles

Modeling Urbanization by Accessibility in Rapid-Growth Areas

This study aims to develop a model to analyze urbanization in rapid-growth areas according to time distances from multigravity centers and to simulate the level of urbanization (urban land ratio) by the variation of spatial opportunity of accessibility. The multigravity centers reflect the settlement system of center places, such as big cities, middle cities, and rural areas. The time distance by car travel was used to represent the accessibility. The spatial opportunity for attractiveness was calculated by a linear summation function that has the quantified values of multiple criteria and their weighting values as a type of distance-decay function. For the south area of Seoul, Republic of Korea, the model parameters were calibrated using data sets from 1985, 1990, and 1995 by the nonlinear optimization method, and the latter two data sets were used to verify the simulated values of the former two. The application results show high correlation between observed and simulated values.

Pedicure Furunculosis: Not Putting Your Best Foot Forward

One area of rapid growth in the beauty industry has been nail care, including pedicures. Unfortunately, investigators from the CDC and the California

Chiral reactions in heterogeneous catalysis (1975-1999)

The preparation of pure chemical compounds has been one of the most rapid growth areas in chemistry over the last decade with heterogeneous catalysis being recognised as providing new possibilities. A number of different strategies have been developed to obtain enantioselectivity through heterogeneous catalysis: the use of chiral species to modify the solid surface; the grafting of a chiral catalytic complex on a solid - the so called heterogenised homogeneous catalyst - and homogeneous formation of a chiral complex before reaction at the solid surface. Because the interaction between functional groups is complex, the influence the surface has on reaction mechanisms is, so far, not well developed.

On the Margins of the Littoral Society: The New South Wales South Coast since 1945

Abstract Since the end of World War II the south coast of New South Wales has moved from relative isolation and a declining pastoral economy to being an area of rapid growth, registering the changing social and cultural patterns of urban Australia and becoming the site for a range of national environmental and indigenous rights controversies. This article focuses on the dynamics of this centre-margin relationship, with particular attention to the overlaying of successive histories and sensibilities, and the forms of environmental advocacy these processes have produced.

Sustainable land development model for rapid growth areas using GIS

There has been worldwide concern for sustainable development especially after the 1992's Rio's UN Conference on Environment and Development. Rapid encroachment of urban development on valuable agricultural land will have great influence on whether sustainable development can be achieved. A sustainable land development model is developed using GIS in an attempt to control urban sprawl under rapid rural urbanization. The objective of the model is to ensure that equity between generations and efficiency in land use can be achieved in land development so that development can be sustained in the future. The model is used to study the impacts of agricultural land loss in Dongguan in 1988-93, a rapidly growing area in the Pearl River Delta of China. The impact of unplanned urban growth is evaluated by comparing the actual development with optimal development derived from the sustainable land development model. Land use problems are identified in both spatial and time dimensions as some land conversions are found to occur at the ‘wrong' time and locations. Future land development which can meet the objective of sustainable development is proposed using the model. By testing different development scenarios and land consumption parameters, planners and government officials can use the model as a decision support system for sustainable land development in areas in the world that are under great pressure of rapid urban growth.

Recent developments at The British Library Document Supply Centre

Demand for The British Library Document Supply Centre's services is growing steadily. This article examines the typical steps in the document request and delivery chain, and reports on how BLDSC is developing new systems and methods to meet the needs of users. Electronic document delivery is a rapid growth area and the Centre is conducting several experiments in conjunction with other organisations in order to test the technology.

Understanding the materials used in foods — Food materials science

Food materials science is an area of rapid growth in the larger field of food science. It is an applied area overlapping food science and food engineering that is concerned with structure, properties and processing of te materials used in food as well as their production and breakdown. The goals of researchers working in this area include: measuring the size and distribution of elements in a complex mixture, understanding how these elements interact and using this information to develop processes that will maximize the formation of useful structures. Examples are provided of newer methods for generating these structures such as the use of biomolecular engineering to design and produce novel proteins using amino acid sequences not found in nature. The concept of composite materials has been applied to foods and would appear to offer some advantages in dealing with these complex structures. An example is given dealing with the production of a food material composite, mixed and filled dairy gels, in which casein micelles are absorbed at the surface of protein-coated fat globules, leading to the formation of a copolymer network with overall greater strength. Of equal interest to the development of new food materials is how they behave under mechanical stress, and the idea of fracture behaviour, in particular notch sensitivity, is illustrated.

Population Redistribution within Metropolitan Regions in the 1980s: Core, Satellite, and Exurban Growth

"This paper evaluates the hypothesis that the growth experiences of core parts of metropolitan areas [in the United States] tend to predict the growth of satellite, exurban, and even more distant non-metropolitan areas. Particular attention is paid to evidence of spillover of growth into adjacent smaller metropolises and smaller cities, and to the hypothesis that spillover is especially marked in areas of rapid growth, growth restrictions, and housing price inflation. The hypotheses are supported by 1980-1990 patterns of change, as is the continuing attractiveness of exurban and non-metropolitan environmental amenities."

Ultrasonography in Emergency Medicine

The use of ultrasonography in emergency medicine is an area of rapid growth and controversy. This article reviews the current and future applications of emergency ultrasonography with particular emphasis on the role of bedside scanning by the emergency practitioner. Abdominal, pelvic, and cardiac ultrasonographic applications are reviewed, as are the uses of ultrasonography as an adjunct to the performance of procedures in the Emergency Department.

Hemodynamics of the Developing Cardiovascular System

The development of the heart represents an intriguing, yet poorly understood interrelationship of function and form. Early in development, the heart is a pulsatile musclewrapped tube that transforms through morphogenesis into a four-chambered, fourvalved pump with separate systemic and pulmonary circulations. The cellular processes involved in morphogenesis are an intriguing aspect of cardiac development. The eventual shape and function of the heart is a complex interrelationship of genetics and epigenetics. The biochemical forces generated by the embryonic heart participate in the ultimate shape through modulation of the developmental process. Our research team has spent the last decade studying the interrelationship of function and form in cardiac development. This chapter summarizes our extensive studies of normal hemodynamic function and new work that links work load and heart growth. We have chosen the chick embryo model for several reasons. First, this is a widely accepted model of vertebrate heart development. Second, many laboratories are studying cellular and molecular biology of normal cardiac development. Third, the access to the chick embryo, although complicated, is not as difficult as a mammalian model. Accurate physiologic measurement required the adaptation of a variety of techniques to measure pressure and flow in the embryonic heart. We measured blood flow with a 20 MHz pulse Doppler velocity system and piezoelectric crystals between 0.5 and 0.75 mm in diameter.' Pressure measurements were made with a servo-null micropressure system from 5 micron diameter probes inserted into the various portions of the cardiovascular system.' These techniques have been detailed in our previous publications and are now used by other laboratories in their own studies of cardiovascular de~elopment.~.~ The period of initial heart formation is characterized by morphogenesis of the heart and by rapid growth of the embryo and the extraembryonic vascular bed. The primary function of the cardiovascular system is to meet the metabolic demands of the body, delivering nutrients and removing metabolic waste products from areas of rapid growth. Remarkably, the heart continues these roles during the process of heart formation and adaptation of marked hemodynamic demands. Growth of the embryo and the extraembryonic bed is extremely rapid. From stage 12 to 29,4 there is nearly a 120-fold increase in embryo mass (FIG. 1). During this time, the extraembryonic vascular bed responsible for gas exchange and nutrient delivered from the yolk sac increases only 30-fold. The relative weight of the ventricle

Raising infrastructure charges on land development: Incidence and adjustments

Summary The development of land for housing requires investment in new infrastructure. While connection costs are generally paid by developers, the costs of upgrading the capacity of the system fall on existing consumers. In the context of the privatisation of the water authorities, there are proposals to raise the level of charges made for infrastructure provision. This paper examines the likely incidence of such charges and the possible adjustment which may be made by developers. A basic model suggests the cost would be borne by landowners, however there are various circumstances in which this would not necessarily be the case. Developers may pass on the cost in the form of higher house prices, especially in the short run. They will be in the strongest position in areas of rapid growth where they hold large land banks and where there are few alternative sites available for development. Failing this they may be forced to accept lower profits. Raising infrastructure charges can be expected to have some ot...

Rural Reflation: An Idea for Community Development

Rural reflation is a term for a small-scale socioeconomic approach to building livable economies in both depressed rural communities and rapid growth areas. Rural areas cannot become mini-metros, but decision makers can work to reflate their economies through the manipulation of resources and people, and particularly through maximizing the characteristics of their localities. With public participation, informed leadership, and organizational entrepreneurship, leaders can help citizens develop their community's niche in the world economy.

Croissance et structure de l'opercule calcifi� du gast�ropode polyn�sien Turbo setosus (Prosobranchia: Turbinidae): d�termination de l'�ge individuel

Turbo setosus Gmelin were collected in 1979 and 1982 in French Polynesia (Tuamotu). Ground cross-sections of calcified opercula revealed 3 distinct types of growth lines (A, B and C), the appearance and periodicity of which are described. Two months after fluorescent labelling with alizarin and fluorescein, permanent marks were easily visible in the operculum, enabling the 3 types of growth lines to be interpreted and a growth pattern distinguished: Type A growth lines, which are very translucent under transmitted light, are irregularly deposited after individual traumatisms and are termed “stress lines”; Type B lines exhibit a regular periodicity and correspond to a daily growth rhythm; Type C lines reflect a subdaily growth pattern. Vital staining enabled calcification of the operculum to be followed, and the speed of deposition has been estimated. The textural organization of the organic and mineral phases varies according to operculum area and depends on local speed of growth. In those areas of rapid growth (more than 20 μm d-1), deposits are “cone-shaped” and interlocked, and in those areas where growth is slower (less than 20 μm d-1), this type of organization disappears and is replaced by a regular organization without “cone-shaped” deposits. The number of daily growth lines, counted on 66 opercula, allowed us to accurately assess individual age and longevity in this species, which did not exceed 3 yr in our sample.

A Model for Location and Development Decision Making

This paper presents a methodology which can assist small business managers making development decisions in growth communities. Development impact planning implications associated with the socioeconomic dynamics of the four types of communities identified in this analysis are discussed. These implications may prove useful in site selection and preliminary development planning for the small business operator located within, or considering a new venture in, a rapid growth area.

Is there any hope for agriculture in California's rapid growth areas?

The experience of San Diego County, California, indicates that none of the commonly used legislative methods of preserving valuable agricultural land (large lot zoning, differential taxation, purchase or transfer of development rights, creation of exclusive agricultural districts) may be successful in very rapidly urbanizing metropolitan areas. Unless a local municipality can purchase the land outright, the profits to be made from selling greatly appreciated suburban land for development will tempt even the most dedicated farmer to sell and seek out less vulnerable land elsewhere. Steps such as large lot zoning need to be taken early to keep large blocks of agricultural land intact, the retention of these lands must be made part of a mandatory rather than a voluntary program in order to be successful, and the local jurisdictions must be sure that adequate economic incentives are available for those persons who do wish to continue farming the land.

Status Inconsistency, Satisfactory Social Interaction, and Community Satisfaction in an Area of Rapid Growth

Sociologists have given several explanations for the relationship between status inconsistency and various dependent variables, but they have not reported empirical tests of their speculations. The present paper reports research which was designed to find out if unsatisfactory social interaction—a variable frequently used to explain the relationships—is related to status inconsistency, and to also explore the relationship between inconsistency and community dissatisfaction, a dependent variable which has not been included in inconsistency research. Contrary to what is hypothesized, middle-class persons in the study sample who have inconsistent statuses are more likely to experience satisfactory social interaction and community satisfaction than individuals with consistent statuses. This finding is interpreted by inferring that the unique nature of the study population determines the influence of inconsistency upon behavior. Persons with high occupation and low education or income are most satisfied with their interaction and community.

Demographic Studies of Selected Areas of Rapid Growth

Journal Article Demographic Studies of Selected Areas of Rapid Growth Get access Demographic Studies of Selected Areas of Rapid Growth. Proceedings of the Round Table on Population Problems. Twenty-second Annual Conference of the Millbank Memorial Fund, April 12–13, 1944. Foreword by Frank W. Notestein. 1944. (New York: Millbank Memorial Fund. 9″ × 6″. 158 pp. $1.00.) H. J. Fleure H. J. Fleure Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 23, Issue 3, July 1947, Pages 386–387, https://doi.org/10.2307/3017252 Published: 01 July 1947

Demographic Studies of Selected Areas of Rapid Growth: Proceedings of the Round Table in Population Problems of the Twenty-Second Annual Conference of the Milbank Memorial Fund.

<i>Demographic Studies of Selected Areas of Rapid Growth: Proceedings of the Round Table in Population Problems of the Twenty-Second Annual Conference of the Milbank Memorial Fund.</i>

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:Economic Progress and Social Security. By Allan G. B. Fisher.Redistribution of Incomes through Public Finance in 1937.Secular Trends and Idle Resources. By Martin V. Jones.Freedom Under Planning. By Barbara Wootton.Pessimism in Planning. By A. N. Agarwala.From Democracy to Nazism. By Eudolf Heberle.Poona, a Socio‐Economic Survey. Part I. Economic. By D. E. Gadgil.Land: Financial and Political Aspects.Eicardo und Sismondi. By G. Sotiroff.A Short History of Labour Conditions in Germany, 1800 to the Present Day. Volume III, Part I of A Short History of Lao our Conditions under Industrial Capitalism. By Jurgen Kuczynski.The Mandates System: Origin – Principles – Application.Year Book of Labour Statistics 1943–1944.Demographic Studies of Selected Areas of Rapid Growth. By various authors.Coaltown: A Social Survey of Cessnock, N.S.W. By Alan Walker.Social Insurance Planning in India. By A. N. Agarwala.Britain's Way to Social Security. By Francois Lafitte.Report on the Operations of “The Employment Exchanges Acts, 1915 to 1941”; and “The Juvenile Employment Bureau Constitution Act, 1941.”The Western Australian Economy, 1943‐44. A Survey prepared by Professor F. K. E. Mauldon and G. B. Lancaster.International Trade, Foreign Investment and Domestic Employment. A statement on National Policy by the Research Committee of the Committee for Economic Development, New York City.Rice in the Western Hemisphere: War‐time Developments and Post‐War Problems. By V. D. Wickizer.The Post‐War Grain Trade. A Scheme for the Marketing of Imported Wheat. By A. A. Hooker.Price Control and Business. By George Katona.The Training and Employment of Disabled Persons. (International Labour Office, Montreal, 1945. Report E7.)War and Indian Economic Policy. By D. E. Gadgil and N. V. Sovani.Operating Results of Department and Specialty Stores in 1944. By Malcolm P. McNair.Expenses and Profits of Limited Price Variety Stores in 1944: Chains and Independents. By Elizabeth A. Burnham.

Demographic Studies of Selected Areas of Rapid Growth: Proceedings of the Round Table on Population Problems. [Twenty-Second Annual Conference of the Milbank Memorial Fund, April 12-13, I944-] New York: Milbank Memorial Fund, 1944. Pp. iv, 158. $1.00.

Demographic Studies of Selected Areas of Rapid Growth: Proceedings of the Round Table on Population Problems. [Twenty-Second Annual Conference of the Milbank Memorial Fund, April 12-13, I944-] New York: Milbank Memorial Fund, 1944. Pp. iv, 158. $1.00. - Volume 6 Issue 1