Ranking Of Banks Research Articles

Unveiling the Burden of Nephrolithiasis in Low- and Lower-Middle Income Countries: A Review on Its Presentation, Risk Factors, Treatment Practices, and Future Directions

Background: Nephrolithiasis, or kidney stone disease, presents a significant global health burden, with global incidence rates and treatment practices varying widely. This study aims to discuss the epidemiology, risk factors, treatment modalities, and challenges for nephrolithiasis in the lower half of the World Bank rankings; that is, in low- and lower-middle-income countries. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed for each country on the list, focusing on studies published from January 2000 onwards and reporting data on prevalence, risk factors, treatment practices, and economic implications. Results: Nephrolithiasis represents a significant burden for healthcare systems, with noteworthy geographical variability in prevalence possibly dependent on socioeconomic status and gender. Risk factors include dietary habits, climate, pollution, and infectious diseases. Treatment practices in some regions still rely on open surgery due to limited access to advanced endourological techniques, while other regions demonstrate high proactivity in research. The burden is exacerbated by inadequate healthcare infrastructure and training. Conclusions: Addressing nephrolithiasis in challenging economic circumstances requires targeted interventions, including improved access to modern treatment methods, enhanced training for healthcare professionals, and better socioeconomic and environmental conditions. Future research should focus on region-specific strategies and the development of sustainable healthcare solutions.

Decision-Making Framework for Improving Bank Performance in Emerging Markets: The Analysis of AHP-TOPSIS and AHP-GRA Models

Abstract This study utilizes the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in combination with the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) models to thoroughly assess the performance of banks in China, India, Pakistan, and Thailand. The integrated results offer significant insights into the relative rankings of various banks in each country. In China, Bank of China Ltd (BOC) emerges as the top performer, setting a benchmark for others. Similarly, in India, the State Bank of India is consistently identified as the leading bank. The National Bank of Pakistan stands out as the top performer in Pakistan. In Thailand, despite minor deviations in results, Kasikornbank PCL (KBANK) consistently shows strong performance. The alignment of results between AHP-TOPSIS and AHP-GRA underscores the reliability of both models, providing stakeholders and decision-makers with a comprehensive understanding of bank performance. This enables them to identify benchmarks, leverage strengths, and address areas for improvement within each country’s banking sector.

Efficiency assessment of two-stage systems with fixed-sum outputs: A noncooperative DEA model with uncertain stage priority

Exogenous constraints such as fixed-sum output can affect the efficiency assessment of traditional two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) models. To address this issue, several studies have evaluated the DEA efficiencies for two-stage systems with fixed-sum output. They have proposed centralized models based on cooperative game theory and models under global mindset. However, in many cases, the first and second stages play a noncooperative game, and information on stage priority is often unobservable. In this study, we develop a noncooperative two-stage fixed-sum output DEA model with uncertain stage priority for calculating the overall system and stage efficiencies. Instead of stage priority as an endogenous variable, with aid of acceptaiblty analysis, we analyze the dominance relationship among decision-making units (DMUs) and provide a robust ranking by considering all possible stage priorities. We also conduct an empirical analysis with data from commercial banks to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed model. After 10,000 groups of stage priority iterations, we report a robust ranking of commercial banks in which Hefei branch ranks first with 100 % probability.

Determination of Performance Ranking of Participation Banks with CIRITIC-Based TOPSIS Method

Determination of Performance Ranking of Participation Banks with CIRITIC-Based TOPSIS Method

Investigating information security risk management in Yemeni banks: An CILOS-TOPSIS approach

In today's digital age, the banking sector faces increasing challenges in ensuring operational resilience, protecting customer assets, and maintaining a competitive edge. Prioritizing information security risk management (ISRM) practices is crucial to effectively address these challenges. This paper aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method in evaluating and improving ISRM practices in Yemeni banks. The study employs an integrated CILOS-TOPSIS model, considering two criteria and five sub-criteria, with criteria weights determined using the CILOS method. The results highlight the significance of specific criteria in ISRM, with the existence of a comprehensive business continuity and disaster recovery plan (C2.1) standing out as a top priority (weight: 0.266). Additionally, the frequency of data backups and the presence of an active backup policy (C2.2) and the adequacy of physical security measures (C1.1) are identified as crucial factors (weights: 0.228 and 0.203, respectively). Furthermore, the TOPSIS method is employed to rank 13 banks based on these criteria, revealing the top-performing banks as B10, B4, B13, B1, and B12. Conversely, the 7th, 5th, and 6th ranked banks require attention for improvement. The paper provides comprehensive details on criteria weighting, bank ranking, and recommendations for enhancements. The findings presented in this paper offer valuable insights to decision-makers in the banking sector, enabling them to effectively guide their efforts and allocate resources to areas, controls, and banks that require greater attention.

Evaluation of the Implementation of the Green Banking Concept at Bank XYZ

Indonesia is committed to Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2016 concerning the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. To support this commitment, the role of banking, including Bank XYZ, is crucial in financing clean energy projects and other business sectors. Although Bank XYZ has shown growth in green financing since 2016, there are notes regarding financing in the coal sector between October 2018 and October 2020, as well as a decline in the ranking in the 2022 Bank Ranking Report. Therefore, an evaluation of the concept of green banking at Bank XYZ is needed to maintain its growth and ensure the effectiveness of its implementation from 2017 to 2022. This research employs a qualitative approach to analyze the implementation of green banking at Bank XYZ. The evaluation is conducted through interviews with the Risk Management Division and an analysis of sustainability reports using the Green Banking Disclosure Index (GBDI). Bank XYZ has proven to implement the concept of green banking transparently, but there are shortcomings such as a lack of transparency in sustainability budgeting, attention to debtors, internal controls, sustainability campaigns, and the use of renewable technology. This research is expected to enhance the quality of green banking implementation at Bank XYZ, support environmental preservation, and address existing weaknesses.

Systemic risk measurement: A Quantile Long Short-Term Memory network approach

In finance, systemic risk is the risk that the crisis of an institution could trigger instability or bring down an entire system or market. The Delta Conditional Value-at-Risk is a market-based measure proposed by the recent literature to quantify the systematicity of some financial institutions. Several methods have been proposed to estimate this measure, and the choice of the best method is still an open question. The bivariate constant conditional correlation GARCH model represents one of the most preferred approaches since it allows the computation of the Delta Conditional Value-at-Risk in a closed form. Nevertheless, it requires strong distributional assumptions that are often considered unrealistic. We develop a Quantile Long Short-Term Memory network approach that allows the estimation of the Delta Conditional Value-at-Risk of several financial institutions simultaneously. The model consists of a multi-output neural network able to provide, at the same time, the log-return quantiles of different institutions useful to measure the systemic risk. Furthermore, the proposed model does not need any particular assumption, and it is specifically designed to avoid quantile crossing issues affecting the traditional quantile regression-based approach. Numerical experiments on data of some global systemically important banks reported in the Financial Stability Board validated our approach. We obtain Delta Conditional Value-at-Risk estimates that accurately capture market dynamics and produce a ranking of systemic banks that meets the desired properties of stability and persistence.

Credit rating ranking of Iranian banks based on CAMELS and hybrid multi-criteria decision analysis methods in uncertain environments

Credit rating ranking of Iranian banks based on CAMELS and hybrid multi-criteria decision analysis methods in uncertain environments

Computer Assisted English Language Teaching and The Development of Critical Thinking in The 21st Century: The Case of Multimedia Centres in Yaounde Secondary Schools

For more than two decades technology has transformed society and the world has become a ‘global village’. As such, African in general and Cameroon in particular still leave much to be desired. This situation was exacerbated when Cameroon became a highly indebted country according World Bank rankings. Also, economic crisis plus devaluation of CFA came and worsened the already degrading and limping situation. The government could no longer afford on the purchase of both software and hardware, not to mention capacity building in the field of using technology equipment and its application in teaching and learning English language for special purposes. It is from this backdrop that this paper sets out to examine the degree of preparedness educational sector in the use and usage of technology in English language teaching in higher education. Educational technology is not restricted to individual computer use in this paper, it involves equipment and application such as videoconferencing, digital television (allowing students to interact and manipulate programmes at their own pace), electronic whiteboards, and digital cameras (Jackson, 2008; EDUCATION WEEK, 2007; McCambell,2002; Marshall, 2002). The study used System for Technology Accountability Rigor (STAR) survey data for 2019-2021. A sample of 200 English language teachers and students were randomly collected from the faculty of education in the University of Yaounde 1. The survey is administered on an annual basis by a team of lecturers in the faculty of education. The survey was designed to provide meaningful information about technology integration and capacity building in the faculty of education in the teaching of English language for special purposes. The results proved that both teachers and students are still lacking the appropriate competences in the use and usage of equipment and its rightful application hands-on. Recommendations have been made to the Dean and the Rector on what kind of equipment to invest on and its capacity building of both professors and students on its usage.

Evaluation of Green Banking in Pakistan Using Framework of the Central Bank: Employing TOPSIS Approach

The purpose of current research is to evaluate commercial banks’ performance regarding Green Banking (GB) practices using State Bank of Pakistan’s (SBP) framework as criteria. The study aims to rank and compare commercial banks with respect to their acceptance, adoption and implementation of green guidelines issued by SBP. The research design comprises of systematic review of literature, data extraction and analysis. Literature review consists of overview of GB practices in global banking industry as well as local industry of Pakistan. SBP has issued guidelines and required its commercial banks to transform banking practices towards green practices as a step towards sustainable green economy. The study is cross-sectional; the data collection involves content analysis of annual reports of commercial banks of Pakistan for the year 2021. Out of total forty-one banks, fourteen banks are shortlisted, using purposive sampling method, that have disclosed information about their GB practices in their annual reports. Analysis is performed using Multi-Criteria Decision Making technique (MCDM) of ‘Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution’ (TOPSIS). As per findings, Habib Bank Ltd. is at the top of bank rankings, Allied Bank is at the second and Soneri Bank is at the third rank in initiating, implementing, disclosing and obtaining positive outcomes out of their green banking initiatives. The study has implications for regulators, policy makers and practitioners. It can fill the gap in literature by adding a discussion on an important topic that is being ignored by previous researchers. The regulatory institution (i.e. SBP) can learn performance of its banks on GB guidelines. The practitioners can evaluate themselves on green practices scale and learn on how to improve their practices to perform better ahead of competitors.

Disparities in Phase 3 Leukemia Trials from the Last Decade: A Long Way to Go

Background Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are crucial for medical advancements but often need more participant diversity, distorting our understanding of whether such advancements are effective across all populations. The lack of diverse representation of participants in RCTs can also perpetuate disparities in care. This study examines disparities in leukemia trials, underscoring the need to address equity in RCT representation. Methods: We analyzed phase 3 acute and chronic leukemia RCTs listed on ClinicalTrials.gov from January 2012 to March 2023. We selected these trials due to their potential to offer insights into the effectiveness and adverse effects of treatments. Our primary objective was to delineate disparities in trial demographics and characteristics, with a distinct focus on participant recruitment regions in relation to global leukemia incidence and prevalence. Two independent team members used a standardized form to extract study and participant demographic characteristics, treatment type, and outcomes data and classified participant countries based on the World Bank Ranking (WBR). The recruitment countries and participant numbers were gathered from the clinicaltrials.gov registry and further classified by the WBR into HIC-exclusive and LMIC-inclusive. Initially, we performed a descriptive analysis of all trials to delve into the characteristics of the RCTs. To measure completion rates, we divided the number of participants who finished by the number of participants who started. The second phase of our analysis was a more in-depth evaluation of published trials. We cross-referenced the registry for the corresponding publication. If the research paper was not found after an online search by two authors, it was excluded from the refined analysis. We collected information on the primary author (PA) and the number of authors affiliated with HIC and LMIC institutions. Additionally, we extracted the journal impact factor (JIF) from the year the paper was published. Results: Our analysis of 72 trials and 27,382 participants revealed an overrepresentation of participants from HICs (90.4%) compared to LMICs (9.6%). Most of the studies were drug-based (69.4%) and open-label (83.3%), focusing mainly on acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). More males than females participated, with a median ratio of 1.44. Completion rates varied widely from 0% to 100% (median: 69%). A significant portion of these trials (61.1%) were industry-funded, and approximately 70% were published. Interestingly, some trials (12.5%) were non-randomized, despite being registered as phase 3. Of the 72 trials, 35 were exclusively from HICs, favoring AML, while LMIC-inclusive trials were more leaned towards CLL. The median number of LMICs per trial was considerably low (3 countries) compared to HICs (14 countries). The median number of total participants was lower in HIC-exclusive (275) compared to LMIC-inclusive (365) trials. This applied to both male and female patients: HIC-exclusive: 115 females, 144 males; LMIC-inclusive 127 females, 215 males. Only 3 trials exclusively involved LMIC participants, all of which were from China and focused on CML. These trials were non-randomized, industry-funded, and drug-focused. Two of these trials reported positive results, with one discussing global implementation, but none reported quality-of-life (QoL) outcomes. Of the 49 studies with published research, only a few studies (28%) discussed global implementation and considered QoL endpoints (8%). LMIC-inclusive trials reported more outcomes with positive connotations (60%) and frequently employed medical writers (93%). None of the LMIC-inclusive trials were investigator-initiated. The US was the predominant FA country. China was the only LMIC with a local FA country (n=3). Most authors came from HIC institutions. We found significant differences between HICs and LMICs, and moderate negative correlations between the number of LMIC authors and JIF. Conclusion: Our findings highlight a pressing need to improve LMIC representation in leukemia RCTs. Aligning trial demographics with global leukemia prevalence is vital since more than 80% of the global leukemia population resides in LMICs. Inclusive and diverse trial demographics are essential not just for statistical balance but for addressing enduring health disparities in underrepresented regions.

Improvement of Knowledge and Understanding of Green Leadership for Employees of BPR Restu Artha Makmur

Purpose: This research paper explores the success of PT BPR Restu Artha Makmur, a rural bank founded in Semarang City in September 2003. It focuses on the bank's recognition as the Best Rural Bank in Indonesia for assets ranging from Rp 100 billion to Rp 500 billion by Infobank magazine in March 2013 and its Sixth Best Rural Bank ranking in the same category in June 2014. The study highlights the role of leadership in transforming the bank from a profit-centric institution to one emphasizing financial sustainability, social responsibility, and environmental consciousness.
 Method: This descriptive case study uses publicly available data, avoiding analytical techniques.
 Practical Applications: PT BPR Restu Artha Makmur's success story serves as a model for financial institutions aiming to adopt sustainable finance, social responsibility, and environmental awareness. It demonstrates the benefits of such a transformation, offering inspiration for banks looking to integrate green practices and leadership into their operations.
 Conclusion: PT BPR Restu Artha Makmur's journey underscores the rewards of green leadership and sustainable finance, showcasing the potential for positive impact and financial sustainability. It serves as a beacon for financial institutions seeking to embrace sustainability and responsible practices.

Unmet needs in countries participating in the undiagnosed diseases network international: an international survey considering national health care and economic indicators.

Patients, families, the healthcare system, and society as a whole are all significantly impacted by rare diseases (RDs). According to various classifications, there are currently up to 9,000 different rare diseases that have been recognized, and new diseases are discovered every month. Although very few people are affected by each uncommon disease individually, millions of people are thought to be impacted globally when all these conditions are considered. Therefore, RDs represent an important public health concern. Although crucial for clinical care, early and correct diagnosis is still difficult to achieve in many nations, especially those with low and middle incomes. Consequently, a sizeable amount of the overall burden of RD is attributable to undiagnosed RD (URD). Existing barriers and policy aspects impacting the care of patients with RD and URD remain to be investigated. To identify unmet needs and opportunities for patients with URD, the Developing Nations Working Group of the Undiagnosed Diseases Network International (DNWG-UDNI) conducted a survey among its members, who were from 20 different nations. The survey used a mix of multiple choice and dedicated open questions covering a variety of topics. To explore reported needs and analyze them in relation to national healthcare economical aspects, publicly available data on (a) World Bank ranking; (b) Current health expenditure per capita; (c) GDP per capita; (d) Domestic general government health expenditure (% of GDP); and (e) Life expectancy at birth, total (years) were incorporated in our study. This study provides an in-depth evaluation of the unmet needs for 20 countries: low-income (3), middle-income (10), and high-income (7). When analyzing reported unmet needs, almost all countries (N = 19) indicated that major barriers still exist when attempting to improve the care of patients with UR and/or URD; most countries report unmet needs related to the availability of specialized care and dedicated facilities. However, while the countries ranked as low income by the World Bank showed the highest prevalence of referred unmet needs across the different domains, no specific trend appeared when comparing the high, upper, and low-middle income nations. No overt trend was observed when separating countries by current health expenditure per capita, GDP per capita, domestic general government health expenditure (% of GDP) and life expectancy at birth, total (years). Conversely, both the GDP and domestic general government health expenditure for each country impacted the presence of ongoing research. We found that policy characteristics varied greatly with the type of health system and country. No overall pattern in terms of referral for unmet needs when separating countries by main economic or health indicators were observed. Our findings highlight the importance of identifying actionable points (e.g., implemented orphan drug acts or registries where not available) in order to improve the care and diagnosis of RDs and URDs on a global scale.

An Application of Fuzzy Logic to Bank Ranking: A study of the Banking Sector in Bangladesh

Creditors, investors, policymakers, and other stakeholders are all significantly impacted by banks’ performance ratings since these ratings affect how well banks are able to compete in the banking industry, which is crucial for the growth of this industry. The criteria used to evaluate a bank’s success in the banking industry are nebulous and vague. Consequently, it is no longer possible to precisely determine the state of a bank using the analytical method. Furthermore, there is no standard framework that can evaluate private commercial banks using the CAMELS criterion and eliminates ambiguity that we can witness in Bangladesh. The literature shows that two multi-criteria decision-making procedures, FAHP and TOPSIS, are employed in many countries to rank banks according to the CAMELS criteria. However, in Bangladeshi private commercial banks, we have never used such models using the CAMELS criteria. In order to assess the performance of Bangladeshi private commercial banks, this study aims to propose a Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Model (FCDM) that can handle uncertain and ambiguous data. The CAMELS (Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Efficiency, Earnings, Liquidity, and Sensitivity to Market Risk) criteria are used to analyze and rank the ten commercial banks in Bangladesh. The suggested model incorporates the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Technique of Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methodologies. The weights are input into the TOPSIS algorithm to rank the Banks after determining the weight vector of the CAMELS criteria based on the opinions of experts using FAHP. The outcome displays the ten Bangladeshi commercial banks’ final rankings.

Ranking of Deposit Banks in Turkey by Critic-Copras Methods

Bankacılık sektörü ilişkili olduğu sektörel çeşitlilik bakımından bir ülkede hem finansal hem de reel sektör için yoğun öneme sahip kurumlar arasındadır. Özellikle mevduat bankalarının etkileşim içinde bulunduğu taraflar diğer banka türlerine göre daha fazla çeşitlenmektedir. Bu bakımdan bir ülkede özellikle mevduat bankacılığının yapı taşlarının sağlam temeller üzerine inşa edilmesi ve faaliyetlerindeki etkinliğin devamlı artış göstermesi beklenir. Bu uyumu yakalayamamış bankaların gelecek dönemde etkili ve verimli olabilmeleri düşünülemez. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren mevduat bankalarının etkinliklerinin kıyaslanması amaçlanmaktadır. Karşılaştırma yöntemi olarak CRITIC-COPRAS kullanılmıştır. Yöntem objektif bir ağırlıklandırma temeline dayanması ve kıyaslama yaptığı alternatiflerden ne düzeyde iyi ya da kötü olunduğuna dair bilgiyi yüzdesel olarak verebilmektedir. Araştırmada kullanılan veri seti araştırmacılar tarafından Türkiye Bankalar Birliği’nden 2016Q1-2022Q2 dönemlerini kapsayacak şekilde hazırlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda en önemli kriterin toplam krediler ve alacaklar/toplam aktifler değişkeni olduğu, en düşük öneme sahip değişkenin ise personel giderleri/diğer faaliyet giderleri değişkeni olduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir. Bankalar arası gerçekleştirilen etkinlik kıyaslamasında en düşük etkinlik düzeyine sahip bankanın Sociate Generale Bankası olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışma ışığında farklı kriterler ve/veya yöntemler kullanılarak bankaların etkinlikleri tespit edilebilir.

A Mcdm-Based Model of Malaysian Commercial Bank Performance Prior to and During Covid-19

This study aims to propose the integrated Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR), and Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations II (PROMETHEE II) to calculate the performance of commercial banks in Malaysia before and during covid-19. The information was taken from the financial statements of eight commercial banks in Malaysia for the years 2018 through 2021. Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Earnings per Share (EPS), Liquidity, Total Liabilities, and Total Equity are six selected criteria used to evaluate the overall performance of commercial banks. Malayan Banking Berhad (MBB) had the best performance among Malaysian commercial banks, according to the findings of the research. The AHP-VIKOR and AHP-PROMETHEE II methods demonstrated that Malayan Banking Berhad remained number one for four years. Using the TOPSIS methodology, Malayan Banking Berhad is also ranked first for the years 2020 and 2021. In contrast, Alliance Bank had the worst performance among Malaysian commercial banks. Using the AHP-VIKOR and AHP-PROMETHEE II methods, Alliance Bank's ranking has remained unchanged from 2018 to 2021. In addition, the AHP-TOPSIS method only recorded Alliance Bank in last place for 2018 and 2019. The final trend results for the eight commercial banks in AHP-VIKOR and AHP-PROMETHEE II are virtually identical.

Epilepsy care delivery during COVID-19 in resource-limited countries: A survey in collaboration with International Epilepsy Equity Group

BackgroundThe impact of pandemic has had worse effects in countries with already stretched healthcare resources. study’s The study aimed to explore changes in epilepsy care delivery in resource-limited countries during and since the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. MethodA cross-sectional survey was conducted in 22 countries among healthcare providers (HCPs) caring for persons with epilepsy (PWE), in collaboration with newly formed global collaborators, the International Epilepsy Equity Group. Findings were compared based on the World Bank Ranking (WBR) and HCPs’ practice type. Data were analyzed using Chi-square tests (α = 0.05) and pairwise multiple comparisons with α = 0.017 (Bonferroni adjustment). Open-ended responses were analyzed using thematic analysis. FindingsA total of 241 HCPs participated in the study. Of these, 8.30%, 65.98%, and 21.99% were from high-income (HIC), upper-middle-income (UMIC), and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs), respectively. Among HCPs, 31.12% were adult specialists, and 43.98% were pediatric specialists. During the acute phase of the pandemic, HCPs reported that the major barrier for PWE was difficulty reaching physicians/healthcare providers. Except for difficulty reaching physicians/healthcare providers (WBR P = 0.01 HIC < LMIC), no other significant differences in barriers during the acute phase were observed. Since the acute phase of the pandemic, the major concern for PWE was fear of getting infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Significant differences in concerns since the acute phase included lockdowns (WBR: P = 0.03 UMIC < LMIC), fiscal difficulties (WBR: P < 0.001 UMICs < LMICs, UMICs < HIC; practice type: P = 0.006 adult < others, pediatrics < others), clinic closure (WBR: P = 0.003 UMIC < HIC; practice type: P =< 0.001 adult < others, pediatric < others), and long waiting times (WBR: P = 0.005, LMIC < UMIC, LMIC < HIC; practice type: P = 0.006 pediatric < adults). Diagnostic services, including EEG, MRI, CT (practice type: P < 0.001, adult < others; pediatric < others), and lab work (WBR: P = 0.01 UMIC < HIC), were restricted. The telephone was the most reported teleconsultation method used. Except for SMS/texting (WBR P = 0.02 UMIC < LMIC), there were no significant differences in teleconsultation methods used. DiscussionThere is a high probability that the initial wave and consequent reduction of in-person care, restriction of health services, and fiscal difficulties affecting all involved in care delivery, led to the disruption of epilepsy care. Additional support are needed in resource-limited countries to cope with future pandemics.

KAMUSAL SERMAYELİ MEVDUAT BANKALARININ AKTİF KALİTESİNİN ENTEGRE ENTROPİ-TOPSIS YÖNTEMLERİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

The aim of this study is to determine the asset quality of publicly owned deposit banks operating in Turkey by examining the 11-year financial statements covering the years 2010-2020 and to rank the banks using the integrated Entropy-TOPSIS method. As of February 2022, there are 51 banks in Turkey. 11 of these banks are deposit banks. Among the deposit banks, the number of state-owned deposit banks is three. In the study, financial ratios related to the asset quality of 3 state-owned deposit banks operating in Turkey for the period 2010-2020 were calculated. Then, criteria weights were calculated with the Entropy method and the banks were ranked with the TOPSIS method. According to the results obtained from the study, when analyzed in terms of state-owned banks, it is seen that Ziraat Bank with the code B1 took the first place in the 11-year period, although there are some differences from year to year in the rankings of banks with good asset quality. At the same time, it has been determined that Vakıfbank and Halk Bank, coded B2 and B3, generally share the second and third places, and their scores are very close to each other. In addition, banks are required to review their asset investments and credit policies in order to protect them from liquidity and credit risk, and it is recommended to take measures regarding bad loans and non-performing loans.

A bank’s intellectual capital and its importance in building competitiveness on the example of Polish listed banks

Motivation: Contemporary banks operating in the knowledge-based economy are constantly looking for sources of improving their competitiveness and attractiveness compared to the banking sector. Therefore, the ability to flexibly respond to changes taking place in the market environment and use the resources and experience in a creative way becomes essential. Intellectual capital is a source of the bank’s intangible resources, such as knowledge, employee skills, service quality, social relations and image, and innovations. The present study focuses on the structure of intellectual capital, which has been long discussed for a long time and became a subject of numerous studies. The concept of division of the bank’s intellectual capital into three subsystems was herein presented: organizational capital (KORG), innovative capital (KINN) and institutional capital (KINS). These subsystems will be included in the creation of a synthetic measure defining the bank’s competitiveness.&#x0D; Aim: The objective of this study is to present a method enabling the assessment of the competitiveness of listed banks in Poland with the use of multidimensional statistical methods, taking into account diagnostic variables that determine the economic and intellectual capital of banks, including its subsystems.&#x0D; Results: The article systematizes the concept of the division of intellectual capital. Thanks to the aggregate measure of the bank’s competitiveness, the author presented a ranking of banks, indicating the leader among the 11 banks listed on the stock exchange in Poland in 2009–2019. The proposed multidimensional analysis of the bank considers its financial and intellectual resources, which means that stakeholders can evaluate the bank’s data and its long-term development strategies. The long-term leadership position may indicate the bank’s condition and its intensified activities in intellectual capital development, which may be important information for stakeholders.

Benchmarking the banking sector of Bangladesh: a comprehensive analysis of performance and efficiency

PurposeThe economic development of Bangladesh is heavily reliant on the banking industry, yet it faces numerous hurdles, including liquidity issues, capital shortages, non-performing loans, inefficiencies and so on. Therefore, this study investigated the performance and efficiency of scheduled banks (state-owned, private commercial, foreign commercial and specialized banks) operating in Bangladesh.Design/methodology/approachThe research was conducted using secondary data from annual reports of banks. The CAMELS rating system and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methods were employed to measure the performance and efficiency of banks, respectively.FindingsIn the overall bank rankings, results revealed that foreign commercial Standard Chartered Bank and state-owned Sonali Bank Limited came in first and last position, respectively. Among the four categories of banks, foreign commercial banks were the best performer, while state-owned banks were the worst. Only two banks, i.e. Citibank NA and HSBC Bank, were scale efficient while the remaining banks were inefficient. In terms of performance and efficiency, state-owned and specialized banks were deemed wanting.Practical implicationsThis study proposes recommendations to the policymakers that could lead to more effective tactics for improving the banking industry's performance and efficiency.Originality/valueAs far as the authors are concerned, this study presents empirical evidence on the performance and efficiency of different types of banks and explores comparisons among them, which has never been done to this extent in the country before.