Rank Values Research Articles

Extracting of prospective groundwater potential zones using remote sensing data, GIS, and multi-criteria decision-making approach in the Sub-Himalayan Dooars region of West Bengal, India

Groundwater is one of the fundamental sources of fresh water. Currently, the unequal distribution of groundwater poses a significant environmental crisis, leading to scarcity in certain regions and affecting the livelihood of living organisms worldwide. The present study introduces the Sub-Himalayan foothills Dooars, a highly populated and agriculturally based area. To delineate the groundwater potentiality eight different effective parameters have been employed such as slope, geomorphology, soil, LULC, lineament, rainfall, hydrogeology, and drainage density. For the process and development of these eight thematic layers, geographic information systems and satellite images (Landsat 8) have been used to give the normalized weight and rank value in each thematic layer and their sub-criteria. MCDA-AHP-based model is used for overlay analysis to delineate groundwater potentiality (GWPZ). After overlay analysis in ArcGIS 10.2.2 final groundwater potentiality map is further grouped into four potentiality zones, i.e., very high, high, moderate, and low potential zones. A very high potential zone encompasses 22.45 sq. km. in the southern portion of the selected study region. The high potential zone encompasses 1613.32 sq. km in the southeastern part, the moderate zone is covered by 1063.84 sq.km, and the 71.03 sq.km (2.56% area of the region) area is covered by the low potential zone. The available well data from CGWB have been utilized to assess the potential of groundwater in the district, ensuring originality and authentic validation. It is found that there is a correlation between the observed potentiality zone and existing well data. With the growing population in the Sub-Himalayan Dooars region, there has been a corresponding rise in the demand for water. Hence, this research would assist the authorities and policymakers in effectively managing the groundwater resources in the district.

Comparative maintenance performance of all biologic agents and small molecules in ulcerative colitis: a network meta-analysis.

Βiologic agents and small molecules have expanded the therapeutic armamentarium of moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC). However, their comparative efficacy and safety performance as maintenance treatments have not been sufficiently explored. We performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NWM) to assess the comparative efficacy and safety of all approved and emerging treatments for maintenance in moderate to severe UC. We searched Pubmed/Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant RCTs through April 2023. The primary endpoint was clinical remission at the end of the maintenance therapy. Data were analyzed by means of a Bayesian NWM. The ranking probability concerning efficacy and safety was evaluated by means of surfaces under cumulative ranking (SUCRA) values. There were 20 eligible RCTs with 7660 patients randomized to 20 treatments. RCTs were grouped into two study designs, that is, re-randomization of patients after an induction period and treat-through patients. Concerning efficacy, in re-randomized patients, upadacitinib 30 mg/day was ranked first (SUCRA 94.9%) whereas in treat-through patients etrasimod 2 mg/day was ranked first (SUCRA 91.1%). The integrated efficacy-safety hierarchical analysis, showed that tofacitinib 10 mg had the best efficacy-safety therapeutic profile in re-randomized patients, whereas in treat-through patients infliximab 3.5 mg/Kg Q8W showed the best efficacy-safety profile. For maintenance treatment, in moderate to severe UC, this NWM showed that upadacitinib 30 mg/day and etrasimod 2 mg/day were ranked best for efficacy in re-randomized and treat-through patients respectively. Tofacitinib 10 mg/day and infliximab 3.5 mg/Kg Q8W showed the best efficacy-safety therapeutic profile in re-randomized and treat-through patients respectively.

Percentile Rankings And Normalization Of Performance For International Weightlifting Federation World Championships Competitors

The present study provided percentile rankings and gender and weight class comparisons, for absolute and allometrically scaled Olympic Weightlifting (OW) performance, as well as Sinclair scores, for International Weightlifting Federation (IWF) World Championships competitors. Data from the IWF Senior World Championships for 2018, 2019, 2021, and 2022 were compiled. OW performance was allometrically scaled for body weight, and Sinclair scores were calculated based on IWF standards. Percentile rankings and gender and weight class differences were computed for absolute and allometrically scaled OW performance measures, as well as Sinclair scores. This study provided percentile rank values for absolute, allometrically scaled, and Sinclair scored OW performance with the weight classes implemented in 2018 by the IWF. OW performance increased with weight class. When allometrically scaled, the lightest and heaviest weight classes had the lowest OW performance, while Sinclair scores were similar across weight class. Men remained stronger than women for allometrically scaled clean & jerk and total, which was similar for gender-related comparisons of Sinclair scores, while allometrically scaled snatch was similar for men and women. The present results provide coaches and practitioners percentile rankings and allometric parameters that may be used to assess OW performance for elite-level weightlifting competitors.

The impact of different states of type 2 diabetes when stratified by baseline HbA1c on the periodontal outcomes of non-surgical periodontal treatment: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been considered by many studies to have a bidirectional relationship with periodontitis. This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to investigate the impact of different states of T2DM when stratified by baseline HbA1c on the clinical outcomes of non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT). This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and involved an electronic literature search (from inception to the 2nd of January 2023). The study included at least two groups of patients: chronic periodontitis only (No-DM) or periodontitis and well-controlled/poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (WC/PC-T2DM). Clinical outcomes included probing depth (PD) reduction, bleeding on probing reduction, and clinical attachment level (CAL) gain. Direct and indirect comparisons between groups were assessed by network meta-analysis, thus allowing us to establish a treatment ranking. Ten prospective cohort studies (11 data sets) were included for qualitative analysis and network meta-analysis. The data included in this study had high consistency; in addition, a funnel plot and Egger's test showed that the articles had low publication bias. Network meta-analysis showed that the effect of NSPT in the No-DM group was significantly better than the WC-T2DM group [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 0.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.01, 0.18)] and the PC-T2DM group [WMD = 0.09, 95% CI (0.01, 0.18)] in terms of CAL gain and better than the PC-T2DM group [WMD = 0.15, 95% CI (0.02, 0.28)] in terms of PD reduction. According to the surface under the cumulative ranking value, the No-DM group had the highest probability of achieving the best outcome following NSPT. Collectively, our analyses show that T2DM exerts significant effects on the outcomes of NSPT.

The Surface Roughness of Contemporary Indirect CAD/CAM Restorative Materials That Are Glazed and Chair-Side-Finished/Polished.

The surface roughness (Ra) of indirect computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-fabricated dental restorations is crucial for their long-term durability. This study intended to evaluate the Ra of five different types of contemporary indirect CAD/CAM restorative materials with varying compositions that were glazed and finished/polished. A total of 75 specimens, disc-shaped (10 mm × 2 mm), were obtained from five materials (n = 15) (Tetric CAD, IPS e.max CAD, IPS e.max ZirCAD, CELTRA Duo, and Vita Enamic) and fabricated by CAD/CAM. One of the two surfaces for each specimen was subjected to glazing, while the other surface was subjected to finishing/polishing. The Ra of the two surfaces in micrometers (μm) was evaluated using a Profilometer, while the surface topography was examined using a scanning electron microscope. Using SPSS, the Kruskal-Wallis, post hoc Conover, and Mann-Whitney tests were used to statistically evaluate the data. A comparison of the Ra for the finished/polished surfaces of the five test materials showed significant differences (p < 0.0001). Among the finished/polished surfaces, the mean rank values of Vita Enamic were significantly higher than the other four test materials (p < 0.0001). A comparison of the Ra of glazed surfaces among the five study materials revealed significant differences (p < 0.0001). The Ra for the IPS e.max ZirCAD material was significantly higher than the rest of the four materials (p < 0.001). A comparison of the Ra for two types of surface conditioning within each of the five test materials showed a significant difference (p < 0.05). Only for IPS e.max ZirCAD was the Ra of the glazed surface significantly higher than the finished/polished surface (p < 0.0001). Significant variations in the surface roughness (Ra) were exhibited between the finished/polished and glazed surfaces of the five test materials. Hybrid ceramics showed the highest Ra values for the finished/polished surfaces, and zirconia exhibited the highest Ra values among the glazed surfaces among the tested materials. The Ra values of either finished/polished or glazed surfaces of the test materials were within the clinically acceptable range (0.2-0.5 μm), except for the glazed surface of the zirconia ceramics (0.84 μm).

Informasi Anatomi MSCT Sinus Paranasal pada Suspek Sinusitis dengan Variasi Rekonstruksi Algorithma

Background: The standard operating procedure with the bone window technique and bone reconstruction algorithm is referred to the MSCT protocol for paranasal sinuses in Hospital. However, the majority of radiologists select a protocol that implements the algorithm reconstruction, which is still trial and error without an organized protocol development study. There is a chance that the accuracy of the MSCT SPN and the quality of the picture data may become crucial problems. This study set out to assess and examine the algorithmic reconstruction method that can yield more accurate SPN anatomical data in sinusitis suspects.Methods: A quasi-experimental technique was taken in conducting the research. Three filters (bone, boneplus, and edge) of the reconstruction method were used to get thirty SPN images from ten patients. The images were assessed by the two expert radiologist.Results: The results of non-parametric was obtained based on statistical tests using the Friedman test ρ-value of anatomy, namely 0.00 less than 0.05. These results indicate that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that there are differences in anatomical information between variations of bone, boneplus, and edge reconstruction algorithms on the MSCT scan examination of the paranasal sinuses with sinusitis suspect. The Friedman test results using the mean rank values of each anatomy show that Boneplus is superior in terms of visualizing anatomy. The Friedman test's mean rank value of the entire anatomy yielded the result that the boneplus reconstruction algorithm is superior to the bone and edge reconstruction algorithm in displaying anatomical information on the MSCT scan of the paranasal sinuses with sinusitis suspect.Conclusions: Based on value mean rank For each Friedman test anatomy and the results of the frequency distribution, variations of the bone plus reconstruction algorithm are more optimal in displaying anatomical information on the MSCT Scan of the paranasal sinuses compared with the edge and bone reconstruction algorithms.

A Network Meta-Analysis of the Systemic Therapies in Unresectable Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

We referenced randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from January 2000 to July 2023 by extensively reviewing PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases, adhering to the Cochrane methodology. Relevant data, including summary estimates of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), were extracted from these selected studies and recorded in a predefined database sheet. Subsequently, we conducted a random effects network meta-analysis using a Bayesian framework. Based on the Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking (SUCRA) values, the league table organizes the various treatments for OS in the following order: IC + RT&MTT, MTT-CRT, IC + CRT&MTT, CRT, IC + CRT, MTT-RT, IC + MTT-RT, and RT. In a similar order, the treatments rank as follows according to the league table: IC + CRT&MTT, MTT-CRT, IC + CRT, IC + RT&MTT, CRT, IC + MTT-RT, MTT-RT, and RT. Notably, none of these treatments showed significant advantages over concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Despite concurrent chemoradiotherapy being the prevailing treatment for LASCCHN, our findings suggest the potential for improved outcomes when concurrent chemoradiotherapy is combined with targeted therapy or induction chemotherapy.

The energy of multi-valued neutrosophic matrix and neutrosophic hesitant matrix and relationship between them in multi-criteria decision-making

The concept of energy in graphs and matrices is frequently used in all application fields. The energy of a matrix is an extended version of the energy of a graph. The neutrosophic matrix energy concept needs to be more noticeable in multi-criteria decision-making environments. This study presents the concept of the energy of a multi-valued neutrosophic matrix. The upper and lower bounds of the proposed energy were determined. The connection between the neutrosophic hesitant matrix and the multi-valued neutrosophic matrix is provided. Since the parameters of the two matrices differ in truth, indeterminacy, and false entries, the matrix is converted into a single-valued form, and then the energy was calculated. The MCDM problem was addressed with the proposed energy, which is solved by a novel decision-making method. The task is to select a machine from a group of repaired machines in a particular industry that is in good condition. The final ranking values are calculated by the ranking energy formula that decides which is preferred. Then the comparative results were given to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed energy outcomes.

Determinants factors on Public Health Centre nurses' confidence in performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Background: Most cardiac arrests occur outside the hospital (out-of-hospital cardiac arrest/OHCA). Public Health Centre (PHC) nurses are one of the important components of the chain of survival. The confidence of PHC nurses in performing Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is still questioned.Purpose: To analyze the factors determining the level of confidence of PHC nurses in performing CPR.Method: An observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach involving 30 nurses from 2 PHCs in Banten Province, Indonesia taken using a total sampling technique.Results: A total of 30 participants participated in this study. The average age of participants was 36.4 years with an age range between 26-55 years. Most participants were male 17/56.7%, had a diploma education background of 21/70.0%, and had upgraded their BLS training 23/76.7%. On average, participants had worked for 6.5 years and managed 3.4 cases of cardiac arrest (CA) during their time as nurses. It was found that gender, educational background, and BLS training status were not associated with the nurse's level of confidence in performing CPR. While employment status has a significant relationship with confidence in performing. Age has a strong relationship with self-confidence with an r rank value of 0.447. Length of work also showed a relationship with self-confidence with an r-rank value of 0.503. Likewise, the number of CA cases ever managed has a relationship with self-confidence with an r rank of 0.419.Conclusion: Gender, educational background, and BLS training status were not associated with nurses' confidence levels in performing CPR. Employment status, age, length of work, and number of CA cases managed were associated with nurses' confidence in performing CPR.

Solving Heterogeneous USV Scheduling Problems by Problem-Specific Knowledge Based Meta-Heuristics with Q-Learning

This study focuses on the scheduling problem of heterogeneous unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) with obstacle avoidance pretreatment. The goal is to minimize the overall maximum completion time of USVs. First, we develop a mathematical model for the problem. Second, with obstacles, an A* algorithm is employed to generate a path between two points where tasks need to be performed. Third, three meta-heuristics, i.e., simulated annealing (SA), genetic algorithm (GA), and harmony search (HS), are employed and improved to solve the problems. Based on problem-specific knowledge, nine local search operators are designed to improve the performance of the proposed algorithms. In each iteration, three Q-learning strategies are used to select high-quality local search operators. We aim to improve the performance of meta-heuristics by using Q-learning-based local search operators. Finally, 13 instances with different scales are adopted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategies. We compare with the classical meta-heuristics and the existing meta-heuristics. The proposed meta-heuristics with Q-learning are overall better than the compared ones. The results and comparisons show that HS with the second Q-learning, HS + QL2, exhibits the strongest competitiveness (the smallest mean rank value 1.00) among 15 algorithms.

Family-Focused Facilitated Fitness: Feasibility and Acceptability of a Couple-Based Physical Activity Intervention for Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients and Their Caregiving Partners

Reductions in physical activity (PA) are common among patients following hematopoietic cell transplantation, and a risk factor for poor physical functioning. PA among spouses/cohabiting partners, who frequently serve as the patient's primary caregiver, may also be reduced due to caregiving demands and limited bandwidth for self-care. In addition, the patient-caregiver relationship can be compromised, and communication patterns disrupted. All PA interventions in the hematopoietic cell transplantation setting have focused entirely on patients, ignoring an opportunity to synergistically engage and benefit the caregiver as well. We sought to test feasibility and acceptability of a couple-based intervention entitled Family-Focused Facilitated Fitness (FFFF), designed to improve PA as assessed by daily step counts among both patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation and their caregivers. Guided by interdependence and communal coping perspectives, FFFF is an 8-week, remotely-delivered intervention that provides training in communication skills and joint problem-solving to help patients and caregivers support one another in PA. Participants are also given a Fitbit to track their steps and weekly individualized step prescription based on the 75th percentile ranked value of their last 7 recorded daily step counts. A priori benchmarks for feasibility and acceptability in this single-arm pilot were as follows: 50% of eligible couples would agree to participate, 70% of couples would attend all 8 sessions, 80% of participants would provide valid Fitbit wear data 4/7 days/ week, and among sessions reviewed for treatment fidelity, 85% of treatment protocol elements would be covered. Couples were recruited prior to transplant. Among 26 couples approached and deemed eligible, 17 enrolled (65% agreement) and completed baseline assessment. Three couples later withdrew after transplantation but prior to receiving the intervention, resulting in 14 couples commencing the intervention, on average 21 days post-transplant. Four couples subsequently discontinued due to medical complications (n = 3) or caregiver schedule (n = 1). Among the 10 couples who completed the intervention, the percentage of participants meeting our benchmark of valid Fitbit wear at least 4 days per week was 85% in week 1, 90% in weeks 2 to 7, and 80% in week 8. Treatment fidelity was 95% on average across 24 sessions reviewed (3 cases). Treatment satisfaction scores were uniformly high across multiple dimensions, with all means above 4 on the 1 to 5 scale. Daily step counts among those attending all 8 intervention sessions increased from 2249 ± 302 steps/day in week 1 to 4975 ± 1377 steps/day in week 8 among patients, and from 8676 ± 3760 steps/day in week 1 to 9838 ± 3723 steps/day in week 8 among caregivers. Qualitative feedback indicated perceived mental and physical health benefits of the program. Participants also offered suggestions for adaptations to accommodate medical setbacks and constraints. All a priori feasibility benchmarks were met or exceeded. Results offer promise for utility of the program to engage and leverage patient-caregiver dyads to increase PA following transplant. An investigation using a randomized controlled design will be necessary to adequately examine change over time relative to control and its possible impact on clinical and patient-reported outcomes.

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Berita Online Yang Akan Terbit Pada Perusahaan Media Online PT. Zaki Angkasa Hamdani Dengan Menerapkan Metode Profile Matching

Online news selection is the activity of selecting several news stories by assessing each news item based on existing criteria, this process is carried out by the Editor-in-Chief. News that is interesting and has high value will be placed at the front and become the main news. Packaging in news media has its own appeal, because it will attract people to read news in each news media. Inaccuracy in selecting online news and the length of the news selection process. So the online news that is published often does not provide accurate information, and can have a negative impact on readers. Based on the problems above, a decision support system will be built to determine the selection of online news that will be published using the Profile Matching method. In this research, the Profile Matching method is applied with the aim of providing the best solution in determining the selection of online news that will be published on PT. Zaki Angkasa Hamdani. Based on the criteria set by PT. Zaki Angkasa Hamdani used in this research, namely: News Title, News Writing, Data Completeness and Data Quality. This aims to make it easier to determine priorities for selecting online news that will be published more quickly and accurately so that later it can be more helpful to PT. Zaki Angkasa Hamdani in determining the selection of online news that will be published on PT. Zaki Angkasa Hamdani. Based on the results obtained from the ranking value for the selection of online news that will be published, there is a news with the title Pegasus Pancur Batu Police Ringkus HP Robber (A2) with a value of 6,964, so it can be proposed as online news that will be published based on the results of the selection that has been carried out.

Comparing the homogeneity and genotypes of large and small-scale coliving buildings in the modern Western world

PurposeContemporary coliving is a rapidly developing housing typology, characterised by high-density private living spaces integrated with various shared, mixed-use amenities. The purpose of this research is to quantitatively examine the spatial configurations of coliving building systems, and the integration of programmatic space labels, to provide insights for architects and researchers into the homogeneity and genotypical patterns embedded within these contexts.Design/methodology/approachColiving buildings of various scales from the United Kingdom and the USA were examined using small graph matching and inequality genotypes. The former was adopted to identify a genotype signature and assess homogeneity levels, whilst the latter provided a comparative analysis of the ranked integration values for space labels within these building systems.FindingsAlthough local samples exhibited superior levels of homogeneity compared to the sample population (n = 18), the latter still evinced a marked homogeneity and no statistical difference in building system integration (mean real relative asymmetry (RRA)). Local large-scale samples showed the greatest homogeneity and building system integration of all sample groups, whilst a statistically significant distinction in building system integration was evident between large- and small-scale samples. However, a comparison of space label integration (RRA) across different building scales demonstrated that a potential genotypical pattern exists between small- and large-scale samples.Originality/valueThrough the identification of homogeneity and integration values related to scale and location, this research establishes an empirical, methodological framework for the generalisable spatial analysis of contemporary coliving buildings. Furthermore, genotypical patterns provide insights into space labels that are most likely to encourage copresence and social encounters between residents.

Development of a value-based scoring system for the MobQoL-7D: a novel tool for measuring quality-adjusted life years in the context of mobility impairment

Purpose To create a preference-based value set scoring system for the MobQoL-7D outcome measure, and to examine differences in the health state preferences of the general population and individuals with impaired mobility. Methods and materials A preference elicitation study was undertaken to ascribe utility weights to all health states (i.e., all unique combination of answers) described by the MobQoL-7D. The elicitation exercise was developed using the Online Elicitation of Personal Utility Functions (OPUF) tool. Two UK sample groups were recruited; firstly a representative general population sample (N = 504), secondly a balanced sample of individuals with impaired mobility (N = 368). Distinct preference-based value sets were developed for each sample. Differences in dimension ranking, weighting, and overall utility values were assessed. Results The general population sample considered most health states, especially the more severe states, to be worse than the mobility impaired sample comparatively. Statistically significant differences between the samples were observed in four of the seven MobQoL-7D dimensions. Conclusions This study is the first to provide preference-based value sets for the MobQoL-7D, ready for use in economic evaluations, QALY calculation, and other clinical or research applications. The study demonstrates how the general public and individuals with impaired mobility value health states differently.

European banks’ mergers and acquisitions: Rank value vs value of cash after the COVID-19 pandemic

Mergers and acquisitions (M&amp;As) deals are one of the most important bank strategies that can change the bank’s value and market share by achieving economies of scale. This paper studies mega M&amp;As among European banks in 2023 and also examines how important is a number of crucial banking financial factors on the rank value including net debt and on value of cash in banks’ M&amp;As. This study aims to see if there is any influence first on rank value including net debt and second on the value of cash from the selected important financial banking ratios to explain M&amp;As. The findings show that there is a statistically significant and similar correlation between the selected financial ratios and the rank value including net debt and the value of cash. The original contribution of this paper lies in the fact that for the first time after the COVID-19 pandemic, a study tries to find only for 2023, the existence of this correlation with two separate regression models to help bidder banks avoid the irrational acquisitions. Thus, the acquiring banks probably will be protected from financial failed future acquisitions.

Dynamic Defense Model against Eclipse Attacks in Proof-of-Work Blockchain Systems

An emerging threat within blockchain systems is the malicious tactic known as eclipse attacks, wherein attackers aim to deceive and gain control over targeted nodes. Despite the increasing popularity of blockchain technology, effective defence mechanisms against eclipse attacks have been lacking. A novel and dynamic defence model designed explicitly for Proof-of-Work (PoW) consensus blockchain systems is proposed to address this critical issue. The model relies on a node-to-node evaluation mechanism to ensure robust protection. By leveraging mutual evaluations conducted between clients and incorporating the renowned Kademlia algorithm, a ranking value is assigned to each node within the defence model. These rankings empower nodes to prudently select trustworthy peers as neighbours based on a threshold comparison, effectively mitigating the risk posed by malicious nodes. Notably, the proposed approach significantly enhances the security of blockchain systems without necessitating modifications to existing protocols or network structures. The effectiveness of the proposed defence model in countering eclipse attacks is extensively validated through a series of experiments. Furthermore, the approach surpasses previous defence strategies, offering a higher probability of successful defence while maintaining minimal overhead. With its straightforward implementation and operational efficiency, the dynamic defence model is an ideal solution for real-world deployment scenarios. This research presents a compelling and robust defence model against eclipse attacks in PoW blockchain systems, addressing the existing gap in defence mechanisms. Furthermore, this advancement paves the way for the wider adoption of blockchain applications across various domains by providing enhanced security, reliability, and trustworthiness.

Selection of artificial neutral networks based on cubic intuitionistic fuzzy Aczel-Alsina aggregation operators

&lt;p&gt;Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are the collection of computational techniques or models encouraged by the shape and purpose of natural or organic neural networks. Furthermore, a cubic intuitionistic fuzzy (CIF) set is the modified or extended form of a Fuzzy set (FS). Our goal was to address or compute the model of Aczel-Alsina operational laws under the consideration of the CIF set as well as Aczel-Alsina t-norm (AATN) and Aczel-Alsina t-conorm (AATCN), where the model of Algebraic norms and Drastic norms were the special parts of the Aczel-Alsina norms. Further, using the above invented operational laws, we aimed to develop the model of Aczel-Alsina average/geometric aggregation operators, called CIF Aczel-Alsina weighted averaging (CIFAAWA), CIF Aczel-Alsina ordered weighted averaging (CIFAAOWA), CIF Aczel-Alsina hybrid averaging (CIFAAHA), CIF Aczel-Alsina weighted geometric (CIFAAWG), CIF Aczel-Alsina ordered weighted geometric (CIFAAOWG), and CIF Aczel-Alsina hybrid geometric (CIFAAHG) operators with some well-known and desirable properties. Moreover, a procedure decision-making technique was presented for finding the best type of artificial neural networks with the help of multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) problems based on CIF aggregation information. Finally, we determined a numerical example for showing the rationality and advantages of the developed method by comparing their ranking values with the ranking values of many prevailing tools.&lt;/p&gt;

The Latency of Auditory Event-Related Potential P300 Prolonged in School-Age Students with Unilateral Hearing Loss in a Mandarin Learning Environment.

Our study investigated the differences in speech performance and neurophysiological response in groups of school-age children with unilateral hearing loss (UHL) who were otherwise typically developing (TD). We recruited a total of 16 primary school-age children for our study (UHL = 9/TD = 7), who were screened by doctors at Shin Kong Wu-Ho-Su Memorial Hospital. We used the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised (PPVT-R) to test word comprehension, and the PPVT-R percentile rank (PR) value was proportional to the auditory memory score (by The Children's Oral Comprehension Test) in both groups. Later, we assessed the latency and amplitude of auditory ERP P300 and found that the latency of auditory ERP P300 in the UHL group was prolonged compared with that in the TD group. Although students with UHL have typical hearing in one ear, based on our results, long-term UHL might be the cause of atypical organization of brain areas responsible for auditory processing or even visual perceptions attributed to speech delay and learning difficulties.

The transcriptomic expression pattern of immune checkpoints shows heterogeneity between and within cancer types.

Transcriptomic expression profiles of immune checkpoint markers are of interest in order to decipher the mechanisms of immunotherapy response and resistance. Overall, 514 patients with various solid tumors were retrospectively analyzed in this study. The RNA expression levels of tumor checkpoint markers (ADORA2A, BTLA, CD276, CTLA4, IDO1, IDO2, LAG3, NOS2, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, PVR, TIGIT, TIM3, VISTA, and VTCN) were ranked from 0-100 percentile based on a reference population. The expression of each checkpoint was correlated with cancer type, microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor mutational burden (TMB), and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The cohort included 30 different tumor types, with colorectal cancer being the most common (27%). When RNA percentile rank values were categorized as "Low" (0-24), "Intermediate" (25-74), and "High" (75-100), each patient had a distinctive portfolio of the categorical expression of 16 checkpoint markers. Association between some checkpoint markers and cancer types were observed; NOS2 showed significantly higher expression in colorectal and stomach cancer (P < 0.001). Principal component analysis demonstrated no clear association between combined RNA expression patterns of 16 checkpoint markers and cancer types, TMB, MSI or PD-L1 IHC. Immune checkpoint RNA expression varies from patient to patient, both within and between tumor types, though colorectal and stomach cancer showed the highest levels of NOS2, a mediator of inflammation and immunosuppression. There were no specific combined expression patterns correlated with MSI, TMB or PD-L1 IHC. Next generation immunotherapy trials may benefit from individual analysis of patient tumors as selection criteria for specific immunomodulatory approaches.

Performance Analysis of the Ada-Boost Algorithm For Classification of Hypertension Risk With Clinical Imbalanced Dataset

High blood pressure, another name for hypertension, is a condition in which the pressure inside the blood arteries keeps rising. One of the most exciting fields of study is data mining, which is being developed to increase its acceptance in organizations, particularly in the health sector [5]. Nowadays, the AdaBoost method is a crucial feature classification approach in machine learning. AdaBoost assigns weights to the samples during the training phase that increase as the error rate rises and reduce as the error rate decreases. The classification process on the hypertension risk using clinical Healthy Family Index dataset, obtained of 8 attributes. Requires two partitions, 70% training data and 30% testing data. Binary classifications are applied “Normal” and “Hypertension”. The most important features of the 10 attributes are chosen based on the ranking value of the ReliefF feature selection algorithm, with the 5 best-ranked attributes. ReliefF feature selection can distinguish between classes and identify the most relevant feature with a value exceeding a specified threshold. The high confusion matrix results also show that the AdaBoost algorithm applied in this study has good performance. This is also supported by pre-processing data which is carefully processed in order to not affect the final classification result. The initial preprocessing step is to data cleaning, missing value handling, data normalization, feature selection using relief-F, imbalanced dataset handling using oversampling technique, classification process with adaBoost algorithm, test and score and confusion matrix.