Rain Shelter Research Articles

Effect of Organic Materials Amendment on Growth of Jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.) and Soil Chemical Properties

Jujube is a deciduous broad-leaved tree belonging to the buckthorn family(Rhamnaceae) and is widely cultivated in Southeast Asia and Southeast Europe, including Korea and China and mainly consumed medicinal herbs or dried jujube. In recent years, consumption of fresh fruits has increased, and organic orchard has also increased. The purpose of this study was to investigate soil chemical changes and growth characteristics of jujube when replacing the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer with organic matter in rain shelter house. In March 2017, after soil testing, bark, animal compost, rice bran, oil cake and chemical fertilizers (NPK) were treated based on nitrogen content. After treatment of organic materials, by March 2020, the pH increased and organic matter, phosphoric acid and cation content in soil increased. After harvest of jujube, the yield of compost treatment was the highest and the NPK treatment was the lowest. The length, hardness and weight of fruit were greater in the NPK treatment, but the diameter and sugar content were not significantly different from the organic material treatments except rice bran. Therefore, when the cultivation of the jujube, nitrogen fertilizer was totally replaced with organic material, there was the effect of improving soil chemistry, such as an increase in the organic content of the jujube orchard and an increase in the yield of jujube but no clear effect on fruit quality. Yield of jujube by organic materials treatment.

Dissecting the critical stage in the response of maize kernel set to individual and combined drought and heat stress around flowering

Increases in frequency and magnitude of drought and heat events are the prime abiotic constraints, which cause considerable adverse effects on maize kernel set and grain yield. However, there is little information about a comprehensive and systematical understanding to identify the critical stage in the response of kernel numbers per spike (KNS) to individual and combined drought and heat stress around flowering. Here we evaluated three successive phases (florets development, florets pollination and seed setting) of kernel set under drought, heat and combined drought and heat stress (DS, HS and DHS) with two maize hybrids using the field site ponds covered with a rain shelter in 2018 and 2019. As an average in two years, KNS was reduced by 18.9 % in DS treatment, 10.8 % in HS treatment and 37.2 % in DHS treatment compared with the control treatment. The most considerable adverse impacts during the three phases were all observed in DHS treatment, followed by DS and HS treatments. Among the three phases, the impact of stress on seed setting was more substantial than that in the other two phases for both hybrids. Kernel abortion was the main reason for the decrease in KNS due to the stress, which resulted from the prevention of sugar–starch conversion. The starch content in the kernel was reduced by 42 % in DS treatment, 29 % in HS treatment and 58 % in DHS treatment on the 8th day after silking. This finding would supply a reference for breeders to evolve strategies in developing stress-resilient and high-yielding hybrids under climate change.

Topsoil Hardening: Effects on Soybean Root Architecture and Water Extraction Patterns

Topsoil hardening is one of the major causes of poor root growth although its effects on subsoil roots are still not well-known. Our aim was to examine the effects of topsoil hardening on the growth and functioning of shallow and deep roots of soybean plants. Two rain shelter experiments were conducted in two consecutive years. Plants were grown in topsoil monoliths (0–20 cm) with low (LR) or high mechanical resistance (HR), extracted from adjacent no-tillage cropping fields, and placed above 180 cm-high containers filled with a sandy loam soil. The effects of topsoil hardening were largely regulated by the level of water stress. In stressed plants, HR conditions reduced total aboveground biomass (up to 13%), total root biomass, root length density, and root surface area (up to 23, 38, and 37% respectively). Mechanical impedances reduced root biomass and length in both shallow (0–20 cm) and very deep layers (+ 160 cm). No changes were observed in specific root length or specific surface area. Plants growing in HR topsoils showed lower total water extraction but greater specific water uptake rates (29–47% higher in year 1 and 2 respectively). No clear architectural (i.e., root density) or morphological (i.e., specific root length/area) responses of enhanced root foraging capacity were observed in subsoil roots. However, soybean root system responded through functional mechanisms (i.e., specific water uptake) which partially attenuated the negative effects of mechanical impedances.

Sugarcane root distribution and growth as affected by genotype and crop cycle

ABSTRACT Sugarcane (Saccharum L. spp. hybrids) is a globally important crop. While roots contribute to its net primary production, knowledge of sugarcane root growth is incomplete and limited in scope. The objective of this study was to determine cumulative root density (LA), root distribution, effective rooting depth (ERD), and root growth rate for four sugarcane genotypes across three crop cycles (plant cane [PC], first ratoon [FR], and second ratoon [SR]). The experiment was conducted in a rain shelter on four sugarcane genotypes (ROC22, YZ04-241, YZ05-194, and YZ05-51) using minirhizotron tubes to a soil profile depth of 1.08 m. Most roots in were found at 0–0.36 m-depth, and about 85.0% were within a 0–0.72 m depth in PC. In FR and SR, however, > 81.8% of roots were found at 0–0.54 m-depth regardless of genotype. The LA of ROC22 was often significantly higher than that of the other genotypes at depths < 0.54 m regardless of crop cycle. The genotype ROC22 had greater root length and faster root growth rate than YZ05-194 at 0.18–0.36 m in PC and FR, while SR YZ05-194 had slower root growth than the other genotypes at 0–0.18m. Ratooning ability of sugarcane genotypes may be related to these root growth attributes.

Rhizosphere soil affects pear fruit quality under rain-shelter cultivation

The use of rain shelters in pear cultivation has been shown to improve yields and the appearance and quality of fruit, as well as reduce diseases and pests; however, how rain shelters affect soil chemical properties, soil enzyme activity, and soil microbial diversity remains unknown. Here, we studied pear trees under rain-shelter cultivation and open-field cultivation in the same orchard and compared fruit quality, soil chemical characteristics, soil enzyme activity, and soil microbial diversity. Results showed that rain shelters can significantly (p &lt; 0.05) increase the sugar content (sweetness) of pear fruits and decrease the content of acids. The levels of available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter, and water in soils under rain shelters were significantly (p &lt; 0.05) lower than in soils in open fields. Rain-shelter treatment increased soil polyphenol oxidase activity and decreased phosphomonoesterase, urease, and sucrase activity. Analysis of microbial carbon-source utilization rates and microbial diversity showed that open-field cultivation is beneficial for microbial carbon-source utilization and microbial diversity in rhizosphere soil. Our study found that rain-shelter cultivation is not beneficial to soil fertility, microbial carbon-source metabolism and utilization, matter cycling, or microbial diversity and that the use of rain shelters may require appropriate nutrient and organic matter supplementation to maintain long-term cultivation of crops; whereas, the effects of environmental factors on open-field cultivation are greater, and more refined water and fertilizer management is required to improve fruit quality.

Rain-shelter cultivation influence rhizosphere bacterial community structure in pear and its relationship with fruit quality of pear and soil chemical properties

The application of rain-shelter in pear cultivation has been proved on improving yield, the appearance and quality of fruits, and reducing pests and diseases. However, how rain shelters affect rhizosphere bacterial community structure remain unknown. Here we studied the differences of pear trees rhizosphere bacterial community between rain-shelter cultivation and open-field cultivation, and compared their correlation with fruit quality, soil chemical characteristics. Results showed that rain-shelters can significantly (p < 0.05) increase the sucrose content of pear fruits and decrease the content of acids. The levels of total N, total P, and total K content in open-field were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that in rain-shelters. The abundance of Acidobacteria in rain-shelter was significantly higher, whereas the abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly lower in the open-field. The average Shannon values and the Chao1 of bacterial community in rain-shelter was significantly higher than that in the open-field. Our study found that rain-shelter cultivation was only correlated with soil available phosphorus and sucrose content of pear. Although the number and diversity of soil microorganisms increased in the rain-shelter, log-term rain-shelter is not conducive to the overall soil material cycle, and rain-shelter needs more sophisticated water and fertilizer management.

Raspberry cultivation under rain shelters in Northeast China

Raspberry cultivation under rain shelters in Northeast China

Nethouses protect cucumber plants from insect pests and increase yields in eastern Africa

ABSTRACT Vegetable cultivation in closed tunnels in the Tropics is impeded by high temperatures and poor pollination. This study compared the performance of cucurbits cultivated in open plots, in closed tunnels totally covered with small or large mesh nets (nethouse), and in open tunnels with a plastic film roof (rain shelter) in Tanzania over two seasons. Information was collected on climatic conditions, insect pest populations, vegetative development and yield. Temperatures were significantly higher under the tunnels than in the open plots during the day with few differences between the different tunnels. Insect pest populations were lower under nethouses than in open plots and under rain shelters, especially fruit flies. Higher marketable yields were obtained under nethouses with a small mesh (70.9 and 96.9 t.ha−1) and a large mesh (67.4 and 53.1 t.ha−1) than in open tunnels (12.9 and 9.1 t.ha−1) and in open plots (3.8 and 7.2 t.ha−1). Our results demonstrate that nets, especially with a small mesh size, provide versatile and efficient protection against major insect pests of cucumber, as well as a conducive environment for the development of the crop under local climatic conditions.

Root Contact between Maize and Alfalfa Facilitates Nitrogen Transfer and Uptake Using Techniques of Foliar 15N-Labeling

Belowground nitrogen (N) transfer from legumes to non-legumes provides an important N source for crop yield and N utilization. However, whether root contact facilitates N transfer and the extent to which N transfer contributes to crop productivity and N utilization have not been clarified. In our study, two-year rain shelter experiments were conducted to quantify the effect of root contact on N transfer in a maize/alfalfa intercropping system. N transfer occurred mainly one direction from alfalfa to maize during the growth period. Following the N0 treatment, the amount of N transfer from alfalfa to maize was 204.56 mg pot−1 with no root barrier and 165.13 mg pot−1 with a nylon net barrier, accounting for 4.72% and 4.48% of the total N accumulated in maize, respectively. Following the N1 treatment, the amount of N transfer from alfalfa to maize was 197.70 mg pot−1 with no root barrier and 139.04 mg pot−1 with a nylon net barrier, accounting for 3.64% and 2.36% of the total N accumulated in the maize, respectively. Furthermore, the amount of N transfer without no root barrier was 1.24–1.42 times higher than that with a nylon net barrier regardless of the level of N addition. Our results highlight the importance and the relevance of root contact for the enhancement of N transfer in a maize/alfalfa intercropping system.

Eco-friendly management of tomato late blight using botanicals, bio-control agents, compost tea and copper fungicides

Tomato is affected by the major disease late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans in Sikkim. In vitro experiment of biocontrol agents, botanicals and organically approved chemicals evaluated against P. infestans revealed that garlic, Trichoderma harzianum, copper oxychloride and copper hydroxide were effective. In field experiment conducted during 2014 and 2015, copper oxychloride @0.25% was found most effective followed by copper hydroxide @0.25% for the management of late blight. The pooled mean yield of tomato treated with copper oxychloride was recorded highest with 8.99 t/ha, 24.50 t/ha and 25.33 t/ha for open, rain shelter and tunnel, respectively followed by copper hydroxide. Hence, copper fungicides can be used for the management of late blight in tomato in organic farming.

Influence of hydro- and osmo-priming on sunflower seeds to break dormancy and improve crop performance under water stress.

This study explored the effects of two hydro- and osmo-priming durations (8 and 16h) on growth and yield components of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) under water stress. The pot experiment, performed under a rain shelter, consisted of 9 treatments replicated five times: unprimed seeds as control (C), hydro-primed seeds (T0), osmo-primed seeds in 10, 20, and 30% PEG-6000 (T1, T2, and T3, respectively). Severe water stress was applied for 12days to all treatments at the beginning of the flowering stage. Statistical analysis revealed a very highly significant positive effect (p < 0.01) by all treatments on sunflower seed germination compared with the control. Moreover, primed seeds improved significantly for all growth parameters and yield components, but no significant differences were observed according to either priming technique or duration. The highest value of germination capacity, for fresh and dry biomasses, was obtained with PEG-primed seeds at 10% for 16h. The grain number per anthodium and grain yield per plant from primed seeds were higher than those in the control (1.9- to 2.5-fold and 2.8- to 3.3-fold respectively). Under conditions of water stress, the proline content in primed plants was significantly higher than that in unprimed ones, with the exception of T3 treatment primed for 8h. Soluble sugars and chlorophyll contents increased significantly with all applied treatments compared with the control. The study showed that the applied priming treatments improved germination characteristics in particular and increased growth and yield components for sunflowers under drought stress conditions.

A Comparison of Strawberry Cultivation: Case Study of Selected Farms in Malaysia and Japan

Strawberries are non-climate crops that can be planted both in temperate and seasonal climate regions and are popular among consumers worldwide. The variety cultivated depends on the region of planting as the effects of temperature, photoperiod and humidity are the main requirements for strawberry growth. Japan is among the top producers of strawberries with noticeable quality. Malaysia plants strawberries in the highland regions but only for local consumption. Thus, the intended study was done to compare the cultivation and post-harvest practice of strawberries between selected farms in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia and Nagano, Japan. A case study approach was used in this study through questionnaires and informal interviews to obtain the required information on demographics, cultivation practices and technology used by farmers of the selected farms. Based on the obtained information, all four farms in Nagano cultivated strawberries in greenhouses with elevated bed system and irrigation techniques, whereas three of the farms from Cameron Highlands cultivated strawberries by planting in an open area covered with rain shelters. The market value of strawberries from Nagano was also higher compared to Cameron Highlands, despite the minimal differences in farm areas.

Machine Learning-Based Crop Drought Mapping System by UAV Remote Sensing RGB Imagery

Water stress has adverse effects on crop growth and yield, where its monitoring plays a vital role in precision crop management. This paper aims at initially exploiting the potentials of UAV aerial RGB image in crop water stress assessment by developing a simple but effective supervised learning system. Various techniques are seamlessly integrated into the system including vegetation segmentation, feature engineering, Bayesian optimization and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. In particular, wheat pixels are first segmented from soil background by using the classical vegetation index thresholding. Rather than performing pixel-wise classification, pixel squares of appropriate dimension are defined as samples, from which various features for pure vegetation pixels are extracted including spectral and color index (CI) features. SVM with Bayesian optimization is adopted as the classifier. To validate the developed system, a Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) survey is performed to collect high-resolution atop canopy RGB imageries by using DJI S1000 for the experimental wheat fields of Gucheng town, Heibei Province, China. Two levels of soil moisture were designed after seedling establishment for wheat plots by using intelligent irrigation and rain shelter, where field measurements were to obtain ground soil water ratio for each wheat plot. Comparative experiments by three-fold cross-validation demonstrate that pixel-wise classification, with a high computation load, can only achieve an accuracy of 82.8% with poor F1 score of 71.7%; however, the developed system can achieve an accuracy of 89.9% with F1 score of 87.7% by using only spectral intensities, and the accuracy can be further improved to 92.8% with F1 score of 91.5% by fusing both spectral intensities and CI features. Future work is focused on incorporating more spectral information and advanced feature extraction algorithms to further improve the performance.

荒漠土壤微生物量碳、氮变化对降水的响应

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 荒漠土壤微生物量碳、氮变化对降水的响应 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201901020014 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（A类）子课题（XDA2003010301）；国家自然科学基金项目（41671103）；宁夏公路建设管理局项目（WMKY1） Response of changes of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen to precipitation in desert soil Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:以腾格里沙漠东南缘的典型荒漠植被为研究对象，通过遮雨棚和滴灌系统设置5个降水梯度，即极端干旱处理、中度干旱处理、对照、增水处理I和增水处理II，研究了荒漠土壤微生物量碳（MBC）、氮（MBN）和微生物碳氮比（MBC/MBN）对季节、降水和土壤深度的响应规律，以期为极端降水事件影响干旱荒漠区土壤微生物量碳、氮及其循环规律的深入研究提供科学依据。结果表明：（1） MBC、MBN和MBC/MBN对降水处理的响应存在差异，三者的变化范围为：230.14-272.87 mg/kg，13.82-17.58 mg/kg，19.78-36.06。其中，降水处理对MBC、MBN的影响显著，对MBC/MBN的影响不显著，在极端干旱处理下，MBC、MBN均显著高于其他降水处理；（2）两年间的MBC、MBN和MBC/MBN差异显著，2017年较2016年MBC、MNB显著减少，MBC/MBN显著增加；（3） MBC、MBN和MBC/MBN变化均表现季节性差异，变化范围分别为：153.31-337.09 mg/kg，7.89-22.29 mg/kg，14.82-46.04，其中MBC、MBN为春季最高、秋季最低，MBC/MBN为夏季最低、冬季最高；（4） MBC、MBN和MBC/MBN在土壤0-20 cm的变化范围为：232.57-265.15 mg/kg，14.00-17.93 mg/kg，24.37-32.07，其中土壤表层（0-5 cm） MBC、MBN显著高于中层土壤（5-10 cm）和下层土壤（10-20 cm），而不同土壤深度的MBC/MBN差异不显著。因此，在极端降水事件频发的全球气候背景下，极端干旱将影响荒漠生态系统MBC、MBN水平，进而对碳、氮平衡和循环过程产生影响，对这一问题的确切回答尚需长期系统监测研究。 Abstract:The change of global precipitation pattern has a great impact on the arid ecosystem. As an indicator of change of soil quality, soil microbes could reflect the material circulation ability, soil fertility, and plant productivity of the ecosystem. Soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN) were very sensitive to precipitation changes. The typical desert vegetation on the southeast edge of Tengger Desert was selected as research object in this study. We aimed to provide the scientific basis for further study of microbial carbon and nitrogen and their cycling mechanism in desert ecosystem in the context of global climate change with extreme precipitation events. By using rain shelter and drip systems, five precipitation manipulation treatments were set up, namely extreme drought treatment, moderate drought, contrast, precipitation increasing treatment I, and precipitation increasing treatment II. The response characteristics of desert soil MBC, MBN, and MBC:MBN ratio to different seasons, precipitation and soil depth were studied. The results showed that (1) precipitation manipulation treatments had diverse effects on MBC, MBN, and MBC/MBN ratio. The variation ranges of MBC, MBN, and MBC/MBN ratio were 230.14-272.87 mg/kg, 13.82-17.58 mg/kg, and 19.78-36.06, respectively. Precipitation manipulation treatments had significant effects on MBC and MBN, but not on MBC/MBN ratio. Under extreme drought treatment, the values of MBC and MBN were significantly higher than that of other precipitation treatments. (2) The two-year variation of MBC, MBN, and the ratio of MBC/MBN were significant. Compared with 2016, MBC and MBN significantly decreased and MBC/MBN ratio increased in 2017. (3) MBC, MBN and the ratio of MBC/MBN showed distinct seasonal changes. The range of MBC, MBN, and the ratio of MBC/MBN were 153.31-337.09 mg/kg, 7.89-22.29 mg/kg, and 14.82-46.04, respectively. The highest values of MBC and MBN were in spring, and the lowest values in autumn, while MBC/MBN ratio was the lowest in summer and the highest in winter. (3) The range of MBC, MBN and MBC/MBN ratio in the soil depth of 0-20 cm were 232.57-265.15 mg/kg, 14.00-17.93 mg/kg, and 24.37-32.07, respectively. The MBC and MBN were significant different (P<0.01) among different soil layers, while the values of MBC and MBN in 0-5cm layer were higher than that in both 5-10 cm and 10-20 cm depths. No significant differences of MBC/MBN ratio were found among different soil layers. Therefore, under the global climate background of frequent extreme precipitation events, extreme drought will affect the MBC and MBN in desert ecosystem. Further, it will affect the balance and cycling of carbon and nitrogen, which needs further long-term systematic monitoring. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Development of A Veranda Rain shelter System

Development of A Veranda Rain shelter System

Propagation and Floral Induction of Transplant for Forcing Long-term Production of Seasonal Flowering Strawberries in Japan

In Japan, over 95% of the acreage is covered with plastic to force June-bearing (seasonal flowering, SF) strawberry cultivars to produce fruit from late fall to early summer. During the late 1960s, a forcing technique was developed that advanced flower bud initiation to late summer and prevented the transplants from becoming dormant during winter. This new forcing technique involved nitrogen starvation of nursery plants to induce floral initiation. Until about 1980, strawberry growers in Japan used runner plants produced in waiting beds, but most transplants are now produced in plastic pots under rain shelters to avoid soil-borne diseases. Recently, the use of tray plants produced from hanging runner cuttings has become popular. To induce early floral initiation, the following artificial low temperature (LT) treatments have been established: (1) “Yarei”, a combination of a short day with solar radiation and LT under darkness in cooling facilities (Yarei-ko); (2) “Kaburei”, continuous dark-LT with refrigeration facilities including industrial warehouses; and (3) “Kanketsu-reizo”, intermittent LT storage. An overview of the technologies applied to plant propagation and the control of floral initiation of Japanese SF cultivars is provided in this review.

Influence of Some Packages of Technology on Pests Development on Chili Plants in Highland Area

Chili is a type of plant that can grow in various types of area, in lowland and highland areas and also can adapt well at a temperature of 24-27 ˚C. The purpose of this research in order to know the influence and effectiveness of the packages technology of Trichoderma sp. mixed with compost, rain shelter and pesticides to control the development of pests in cayenne chili plants and long chili in the highland area. This research was conducted from September 2017 to February 2018, in Pancasari Village, Buleleng Regency, Bali. The study used a Factorial Randomized Block Design with two factors and four times replications. The first factor was chili type (cayenne chili and long chilli), and the second factor was the use of technologies, compost plus Trichoderma sp., rain shelter, and pesticide. The variable was observed in this research were population of aphis, percentage of fruit fly and yields. The results showed that all treatment technologies effectively suppressed pests development when compared with control. The result show that the damage population of the highest aphis pest was found in control about 194 of Aphids, and population of aphids on pesticide treatment were not found. The result show that damage percentage of the highest fruit fly pest was found in control treatment with the percentage of 76,55% while the lowest percentage was found in pecticide treatment. The rain shelter treatment showed the highest yields were reached 405,87 gr and the control treatment showed the lowest yields were reached 12,03 gr.

Atmospheric humidity and genotype are key determinants of the diurnal stomatal conductance pattern

AbstractGreat understanding of the genotypic difference in diurnal stomatal conductance (gs) pattern and the key determinants of the pattern is important for saving water by adopting cultivars appropriately. Fifteen wheat genotypes were studied under different soil conditions and various meteorological conditions with pot cultivation in rain shelter for two years. Genotype and air humidity were found to be key determinants of diurnal gs pattern. All genotypes under low relative humidity (LRH) and most genotypes under high relative humidity (HRH) displayed a gradual decline pattern from morning through the afternoon. Under moderate relative humidity (MRH), all genotypes present a single‐peak curve pattern, but they differed in peak time, which may lead to unreliable gs comparison between genotypes and get ostensible contrasting materials. The stomatal conductance was significantly different among genotypes under LRH and the increased gs magnitude is also significantly different when it was compared between LRH and HRH. The present results provide new thinking for selecting and adopting appropriate cultivars with specific stomata traits for the area with various meteorological conditions.

Temperature Changes under Plastic Film Rain Shelter Using Different Concentration of Shading Paint in Vineyard

Temperature Changes under Plastic Film Rain Shelter Using Different Concentration of Shading Paint in Vineyard

A combination of biochar and regulated deficit irrigation improves tomato fruit quality: A comprehensive quality analysis

Abstract Quality of fresh produce is the most critical issue in the economics of a vegetable enterprise. In order to investigate the effect of biochar amendment and deficit irrigation on tomato fruit quality, experimental research was conducted under a rain shelter in southern China during the 2017 and 2018 growing seasons. The experiment consisted of five treatments. Crops were irrigated to 100% of field water capacity at all growth stages as treatments T1 and T2. The other treatments received 30% less irrigation water than T2 when its soil water content reached 70% of field capacity, and were designated as treatments T3, T4 and T5, applied at the vegetative (stage I), flowering and fruit development (stage II), and fruit ripening (stage III) stages, respectively. Treatment T1 included no biochar, while the other treatments included 10% biochar by weight. The results showed that the total soluble solids (TSS) content, sugar-to-acid ratio (SAR), vitamin C (VC) content, and colour index (CI) increased in the deficit irrigation treatments depending on the phenological stage, the fruit ripening stage in particular. Meanwhile, single fruit weight was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) reduced by water deficit at stages II and III, subsequently affecting the total fruit yield. Biochar improved soil moisture conservation and had a positive effect on fruit quality as evidenced by better single quality attributes (p &lt; 0.05) of T2 over T1. The GRA and TOPSIS appraisal methods were used to conduct the comprehensive quality analysis. Eventually, treatment T5 ranked the best in both seasons, and this was also confirmed by the combinational evaluation method.