Railway Connection Research Articles

LPI & COVID-19 RESTRICTIONS WITHIN BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE IMPLEMENTATION

The article considers the peculiarities of the BRI project development and changes in its implementation policy taking into account the COVID-19 pandemic and the corresponding quarantine restrictions. The role of logistics infrastructure and indicators that provides the level of its development in certain countries in the process of BRI project implementation are highlighted. The analysis of predictions regarding the level of impact of infrastructural changes on the level of employment, welfare and economy of the territories where the BRI project will be implemented has been carried out. The key elements of bottlenecks in the railway connection between the EU and China are highlighted. The main factors that impair the efficiency of railway customs have been identified, which includes: technological and qualitative nature. It is suggested to use a combination of GCI (Global Connectedness Index), LPI (Logistics Performance Index) and AEMLI (Agility Emerging Markets Logistics Index) to establish the level of logistics infrastructure of a particular country. The allocation of key infrastructure performance indicators in general and logistics indicators in particular will take into account the potential risks of project implementation, reduce non-strategic investments, increase the investments rate of return on the project, provide a greater effect of scale.

Имитационная модель обоснования приоритетов развития железнодорожных связей между Уралом и Западной Сибирью

As the development of the railway transport network intensifies and in conditions of limited investment resources, the need for more thorough and multifactor justifications of projects increases. The choice of priority solutions requires an assessment of effectiveness of various proposed alternatives. This is especially true when designing new railway sections. It is for these tasks that simulation modeling of variants can play an important role. The article considers a simulation model based on an agent-oriented approach to study the capacity of a new railway connection currently being designed between the Middle Urals and the south of Western Siberia. The project of the Tavda - Bolsheselsky section is being adopted, connecting the network of the east of the Sverdlovsk region with the existing Tyumen - Tobolsk line by the shortest route. The variability of throughput capacities is set by the parameters of the section (the number and equipment of intermediate stations, the number of main tracks, the type of autoblocking, etc.). Various schemes of receiving and forwarding tracks on this section are considered. The model of the studied area is implemented in the Anylogic package. The simulation uses a combination of process and agent simulation mechanisms. The results obtained can be a useful addition to the substantiating materials when choosing a line scheme. The experience gained in building such models expands and enriches the methods of justification and design of new sections of railways.

Diagnostics of weaknesses and strengths of a region’s socio-economic and innovative development: Methods and its application

The article offers methodological tools to diagnose the weaknesses and strengths of a region’s socio-economic and innovative development. The topicality of the issue is determined by the need to define the priorities for the regional strategizing. The methods of analytical diagnostics, expert survey, SWOT and PEST analyses underlie the methodology of the study. The article applies the diagnostics tools to the economy of Lugansk People’s Republic and gives the results. The study characterizes the local factors of the regional economy affecting the level of the economic and innovative development in Lugansk People’s Republic. The article also gives the conclusions made from the analysis of the possible external impacts (opportunities and threats) in the COVID-19 pandemics in terms of social, economic, and innovative trends. For example, PEST analysis is used to calculate consolidated weighted indicators for the socio-economic and innovative development in Lugansk People’s Republic. A group of political factors is seen to have an adverse effect due to the Republic’s status as a breakaway region and a threat of military escalation. A lack of properly functioning banking and financing systems, flight and railway connections, low investment interest in the region’s economy show the most serious detrimental impact among other economic factors. A weighted indicator in the group of social factors is positive due to the following institutions: protection of health and labor, education, culture and sport. A negative weighted value for a technological component could be explained by an extensive physical and moral depreciation of the fixed assets, a low use of production capacities, a lack of local raw materials resources. Cross-sectional SWOT analysis makes the authors conclude about a significant impact of the weaknesses on the socio-economic and innovative development of a region, which should guide the development of priority measures in the public economic strategy. Further research is seen to be connected with the justification and development of the efficient strategy for the sustainable self-development of Lugansk People’s Republic.

Regional Railway Transport Between Regions in the Czech Republic

The article deals with the issue of railway connections between regions in the Czech Republic. There is a comparison of railway connections on selected routes in the Czech Republic between train schedule 2002/2003, train schedule 2010/2011 and the final draft train schedule 2020/2021. The aim of the article is to point out the artificial barriers of public transport planning, which have become regional borders. In many cases, the attractiveness of regional rail transport has also been reduced at the expense of long-distance transport, especially in areas where regional borders meet.

Grand Hotels Around the Kvarner Bay: Seaside Hospitality Between Austria and Hungary

The hotel architecture around the Kvarner bay represents a specific Austro-Hungarian response to the Riviera phenomenon, made possible by the railway connections to the continental capitals of the Empire with the port of Rijeka. Through a detailed comparison between different investments and realisations, the article explores the ways of dealing with the hotellerie in the coastal area administratively divided between Austria, Hungary and Croatia in the last decades of the 19th century and the years leading to WWI.

Grand Hotels Around the Kvarner Bay: Seaside Hospitality Between Austria and Hungary

The hotel architecture around the Kvarner bay represents a specific Austro-Hungarian response to the Riviera phenomenon, made possible by the railway connections to the continental capitals of the Empire with the port of Rijeka. Through a detailed comparison between different investments and realisations, the article explores the ways of dealing with the hotellerie in the coastal area administratively divided between Austria, Hungary and Croatia in the last decades of the 19th century and the years leading to WWI.

Narratives of Health and Well-Being: Disease and Bargaining in Cali, Colombia, 1930–1940

Over the course of the twentieth century, Cali, located in Colombia's southwest, became one of the nation's largest and most important urban centers. The city's rapid demographic expansion stemmed from multiple factors: the opening of the Panama Canal; the city's proximity and railway connection to Buenaventura, Colombia's major port on the Pacific; and the consolidation of a political and economic elite whose fortunes were tied to sugarcane production and the commercialization of coffee. As Cali's elites worried over how to modernize the city, the municipality's growth often outpaced its ability to guarantee and protect its residents' health. Tuberculosis, smallpox, syphilis, cholera, typhoid, dysentery, and other diarrheal diseases were common. The implementation of hygiene and sanitation measures in Cali reveals tensions and contradictions between, on one hand, elite imaginaries about the role hygiene and public health would play in defending the city's and nation's "human capital," and on the other, institutional practices that relied on careful bargaining between state officials and local communities. This article analyzes 1930s municipal council records to show how, for residents of Cali's working-class neighborhoods, claiming the right to health and protection relied on negotiations with local authorities through institutional means that allowed them to respond to, adapt, and at times contest official discourses and practices. Health and disease gave petitioners a language with which to construct individual and collective identities, talk about citizenship, and defend their rights.

PROCESSES IN URBANISM. METHODS OF RESEARCH AND DESIGN

Tasks, methodology and practical methods of research and design of processes in urban planning are revealed. The specificity of urban problems, which are complex and require consideration of the multidimensionality of solutions, creates difficulties in their study and consideration in the justification of design decisions. Based on the methodology of the systems approach, as well as the approaches that exist in the «study of operations» and which are developed in various fields of science and practice, the article considers special aspects of methodology and methods of research and design processes in urban systems. Attention is focused on problem statement, substantiation of models, their research and comprehension of analysis results. Regarding the study and design of processes in urban systems, the peculiarities of the approach are revealed in solving the problems of compaction of Lviv — a city where the population density per hectare exceeds all major cities of Ukraine, where the highest building density in the former USSR. According to the author, it is necessary to determine the formation of the urban system of Greater Lviv. The transport scheme of combination of motor transport, suburban railway connection, city electric transport, air (in particular small aviation) and subway is considered in detail. The transport framework of Lviv should consist of: - railway and automobile international transport corridors; - ring highways connected to the city by radial connections and transport interchanges at their intersections; - a new international station with a high-speed «narrow» track connected to the European railway network; - high-speed main railway lines, which will connect with the cities of the supra-regional settlement system; - subway; transport interchanges; modern bus stations. The opinion is expressed that the mechanical annexation of territories, which has already taken place by law, threatens to lead to an even greater aggravation of existing problems and the emergence of new poorly forecasted processes. The issue can be solved by developing the concept of Greater Lviv with the involvement of urban planners, specialized specialists of design and research institutions, as well as experts in this subject area.

Is Trans-Korean Railway Solely a Symbol of Peace in the Korean Peninsula?

The islandic geopolitical situation of South Korea led the road-centered development and the road freight share reached 97% in 2015. Trans-Korean Railway, thus, is the key to low carbon development of South Korea. With the Trans-Korean Railway, the export freights for Eurasia can be loaded at a local station for a direct rail transport instead of current d-touring road-ship intermodal transport. This will trigger domestic rail facilitation and reduce road externalities. The corresponding reduction of the shuttle shipment among South Korea–China–Russia may further contribute towards the environmental sustainability of the Yellow and East Seas. Yet, Trans-Korean Railway is considered as a symbol of “peace in Korean Peninsula” that there has not been a sufficient research on the environmental, social, and economic impacts of the Trans-Korean Railway connection. This paper, accounting on various phenomenal evidence including air pollution (environmental), public health risks and high fatality (social) and logistics inefficiency (economic), argues for the needs to change the discussion perspective on the Trans-Korean Railway from traditional politics to its environmental, social, and economic values.

The role of safety and security in the suburban railway traffic in the urban agglomerations of Budapest

The Compromise of 1867 marked the beginning of a peaceful, prosperous era for Hungary. Due to the increased industrial production and the embourgeoisement, more and more cities in the country became regional centres. Especially the development of Budapest was impressive, which made the capital to a real metropolis in the heart of the Carpathian-Basin by the turn of the century. Its huge factories attracted workers even from long distances, while the newly built market halls and well-known markets provided a reliable source of income for farmers and hawkers of the surrounding settlements. That time, the establishment of a proper railway network and railway connections, gave the basis for the economic prosperity of the country. Thus, in response to “migration” of people, the public transport systems also evolved, having as main function mobility. This could ensure an appropriate level of competitiveness for the economy, a good quality of life and a strong cohesion for the society. Development had not just positive, but also negative sides, such as the appearance of the criminals who harmed the passengers and threatened the safety of rail transport. Nowadays the MAV-Group Zrt is the biggest and most important railway public transport service provider in Hungary. The MAV-START Zrt, a subsidiary exclusively owned by MÁV ZRt, is responsible for the passenger transportation. Today, the MAV-START Zrt handles around 148 million passengers on a yearly basis. However, in the past years increased the number of attacks against the conductors of the trains needing police actions. Our study consists of three main parts. The first part includes a short introduction of the national railway system and the MAV-START Zrt, the second part focuses on the suburban railways, and the third part describes the offences against conductors and their impacts on safety and security regulations of the suburban railways in the urban agglomerations of Budapest.

Modal Choice Preferences in Inland Container Transport in Poland

Purpose: As part of this paper, three research goals were set. The first one concerns the identification of factors influencing the modal choice to carry intermodal transport units by inland transport. The second goal is related to determining what conditions would have to exist for a given operator to agree to shift the cargo from road to rail transport as part of the modal shift concept. The third goal is to specify the influence of COVID-19 on the modal choice. Design/Methodology/Approach: Earlier studies have confirmed the difficulty in determining modal choice preferences due to their complexity. The complexity of the problem makes the use of quantitative methods ineffective. On the basis of the qualitative research conducted with the use of the in-depth semi structured interview, the authors identified the factors influencing the modal choice, at the same time defining the conditions that would have to be met in order to encourage cargo operators to make greater use of rail transport. Findings: The conducted research study indicated differences in the factors determining the choice of transport modes, mainly depending on the size of the surveyed company. The above-mentioned factors in relation to the entire study group included the time and cost of transport, as well as the availability and quality of transport infrastructure. The surveyed enterprises agreed that the factors that would have to occur to increase the use of rail transport included: increasing the number of reloading points at railway connections and increasing the timeliness of transport. Practical Implications: The results of the research can be used by decision-makers in formulating the directions of development of the transport system, and the entities responsible for the implementation of specific transport infrastructure investments, covering both linear and nodal elements. Originality/Value: The added value of this article is predicated on original research related to the determination of the premises for the selection of the transport mode in freight container transport in Poland. Requirements that could be a stimulus for implementing the modal shift idea in Polish companies. The authors confronted the research results achieved with the current scientific knowledge in this area, in addition, they also raised the topic of the Covid-19 pandemic and its impact on modal choice.

Case analysis of power quality impact assessment and governance of electrified railway based on ETAP software

As the traction load of electrified railway belongs to high-power nonlinear single-phase load, it will bring power quality problems such as harmonics and three-phase unbalance to the power system after being connected to the power grid, which is not conducive to the safety and economic operation of the public power grid. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the impact of the electrified railway operation under different conditions on the power quality of the system substation. In this paper, combined with an electrified railway transformation project of the power grid, an ETAP-based simulation model for electrified railway access to the power grid is established, which can quickly assess the power quality impact of the system-side substation caused by the traction load, and provide corresponding treatment measures for the electrified railway connection system program. At the same time, it can provide a basis for the electrified railway connection system scheme and equipment configuration.

Regional economic integration as gateway to peace and region’s crises resolving Dry Canal Project and regional railway connection as a model

Competition intensified and conflicts intensified in our region and at various levels and a large part of them was a chronic tooth in which blood was flowing and money and wealth were lost and drawing a bleak horizon threatening the future of the nation and its rising generations with the arrival of its devastating destructive effects aspects of education and information and the employment of youth forces, where energies were disrupted and some of them even turned Strong sabotage as a result of hopelessness and blocking the hope for a better life. The paper is trying to shed light on the importance of launching joint economic projects at the regional international level, with Iraq as its center and axis, by benefiting from its central semi-continental (non-marine) geographical situation, which may have formed in the past and for a long time a geo-economic and strategic geo imbalance in the initial primitive accounts, Building and sustaining peace in our country and the countries of the region and reducing the level of negative competition between them is not easy and requires effort, ideas and constructive projects, and the joint economic projects that the region lacks are a necessary need to build and sustain peace in them. The study deals with the importance and pivotal of the Iraqi dry channel project for the Iraqi railway connection between the north and the south as well as between the east and the west (linking the Grand Faw port project to Europe via Turkey and linking Iraq to the Mediterranean via Syria) and it is based on the assumption that conflicts escalate and intensify between countries when weak and the absence of economic relations and trade Between them, on the contrary, the slide towards conflicts and wars is less, weaker and slower in the case of strong, large and effective common interests and structures.

Urban Railway Connection: Opportunities, Challenges, Development Opportunities

Urban Railway Connection: Opportunities, Challenges, Development Opportunities

Logistics of the Tank Army: The Uman–Botoșani Operation, 1944

ABSTRACT Soviet tank armies used a form of logistics different from that of Western armies that specifically allowed them a high degree of mobility and the ability to operate deeply behind enemy lines without fear of interruption. The buildup for offensives was provided by railways, and the offensives themselves were time limited, awaiting the arrival of the field armies and restored railway connections. Nonetheless, when used as part of a series of offensives, these long-range penetrations acted to break up the German defenses. The reason for choosing the Uman–Botoșani Operation for this study is that according to Soviet historiography, it represented the first occasion in which the ‘deep operation’ concept was successfully implemented.

CVM을 활용한 남북· 대륙철도 연결에 따른 지불의사액 산정 연구

CVM을 활용한 남북· 대륙철도 연결에 따른 지불의사액 산정 연구

The effect of attacks on the railway network of Hungary

Targeted attacks on the railway network of Hungary were modelled by using a weighted directed graph. Two attack strategies were analyzed, one based on the efficiency measure and one based on the betweenness centrality of the network elements. The results show that while the network elements with the most traffic make the efficiency to decrease the most, the network elements that make the efficiency to decrease the most are not always the busiest ones. The first network element to be destructed is always the Southern railway bridge (or its adjacent stations) at Budapest. The three Danube bridges become unusable in at most five steps. The next most endangered regions of the country to lose their railway connection to the rest of the network are the branch lines at Miskolc, and the three northeastern counties. As the national railway network is vital for the Hungarian Army, not only the protection of the highly threatened network elements is important but also the ability for their substitution which is mostly impossible due to the low ratio of electrified lines which implies the need for a larger fleet of diesel locomotives.

Impacts of Cross-Country Infrastructure on Bilateral Trade: Evidence from New Silk Road Railways

New Silk Road railways have provided cross-continental rail freight services between China and Eurasian countries since 2011. We examine the impact of being connected to Silk Road railways on the 13 destination countries bilateral trade with China. To address the issue of endogenous placement of railways, we utilize the generalized synthetic control method. We find that the railway connections do not have significant impacts on either gross import or gross export of destination countries. The results are robust to alternative methods, across product categories, and different grouping of destination countries based on whether they share boundary with China.

Dry ports and related environmental benefits: a case study in Italy

The maritime containerised transport continues to grow; thus, an efficient seaport inland access becomes crucial for the performance of the entire intermodal transport chain. Dry ports are inland intermodal terminals directly connected to seaports via rail, which operate as trans-shipment hubs and provide services, such as: storage, consolidation, depot and custom clearance. In addition to offering benefits in terms of operational costs and efficiency, dry port concept implementation can produce positive effects also under an environmental point of view, promoting the modal shift from road to rail.This paper presents a simulation-based method to estimate the environmental benefits, in terms of emissions reduction, of a dry port implementation. This method is organized into three parts: (i) traffic demand analysis, (ii) traffic supply model, (iii) assignment and emission model. The methodology is applied to a real-world case study in Northern Italy, where the current scenario is compared to a future scenario in which a new railway connection is established between a seaport (Port of Venice) and an existing intermodal freight hub (Interporto of Padua). According to our findings, in the future scenario emissions of the main pollutants are reduced by 17%. In terms of CO2 this corresponds to about 8000 tons per year.

The place of peripheral “railway towns” in transport history

This panorama paper seeks to explore some of the literature surrounding “railway towns” and the justifications for a comparative study of these towns, as defined by Jack Simmons in The Railway in Town and Country, 1830–1914. It also argues that so-called peripheral “railway towns”, villages, towns and cities not dominated by the railway industry but with significant railway communities or connections, should also be included within these studies in order that the social, economic and demographic impacts of the railways can be explored in greater detail.