Radiological Studies Research Articles

Failed primary repair of blunt duodenal injury managed by tube duodenostomy, gastrojejunostomy and a feeding jejunostomy: a case report

BackgroundThe worldwide increase in road traffic crashes and use of firearms has increased the incidence of duodenal injuries. Upper gastrointestinal radiological studies and computed tomography (CT) in resource settings may lead to the diagnosis of blunt duodenal injury. Exploratory laparotomy remains the ultimate diagnostic test if a high suspicion of duodenal injury continues in the face of absent or equivocal radiographic signs. Although the majority of duodenal injuries may be managed by simple repair, high-risk duodenal injuries are followed by a high incidence of suture line dehiscence and should be treated by duodenal diversion.Case presentationWe report a case of a failed primary repair of a blunt injury to the second part of the duodenum (D2) in a 24-year-old African man. This was successfully managed by a tube duodenostomy, a bypass gastrojejunostomy and a feeding jejunostomy in a low resource setting.ConclusionsDetailed knowledge of the available operative choices in duodenal injury and their correct application is important. When duodenal repair is needed, conservative repair techniques over complex reconstructions should be utilised. The technique of tube duodenostomy can be successfully applied to cases of large defects in the second part of the duodenum (D2), failed previous repair attempts and with defects caused by different aetiology. It may remain especially useful as a damage-control procedure in patients with multiple injuries, significant comorbidities and/or haemodynamic instability.

Effect of emergent nephrostomy on long-term total and split renal function in patients with upper urinary tract obstruction due to pelvic malignant tumors

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the impact of nephrostomies on the outcome of total renal function (TRF) and split renal function (SRF) in patients with malignant pelvic tumors associated with upper urinary tract obstruction (UUTO).MethodsPatients with pelvic tumors suffering severe unilateral hydronephrosis treated at our hospital from 2000 to 2022 were included. Data for nephrostomy placement, short- and long-term renal function, and radiological and nuclear imaging studies were collected. The TRF and SRF of patients who underwent nephrostomy were compared to those who did not.ResultsSeven patients were included (rhabdomyosarcoma: 5, ovarian germ cell tumor: 1, malignant rhabdoid tumor: 1). Nephrostomies were placed in four, which were successfully managed without severe infections. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was significantly improved at the end of treatment in patients with nephrostomy. In contrast, eGFR in patients who did not undergo nephrostomy was not improved. Nuclear imaging studies (renograms or renal scintigrams) revealed impaired SRF of the affected kidney compared to the contralateral kidney, even in patients whose eGFR was within normal levels. Notably, SRF showed a trend to improve over time in one patient treated with nephrostomy.ConclusionNephrostomy for UUTO caused by pelvic tumors may improve renal outcome.

IgG4-Related Dacryoadenitis With Fibrous Mass in a 19-Month-Old Child: Case Report and Literature Review.

A 19-month-old boy presented with eyelid swelling, proptosis, and upgaze limitation in the OD. The radiological study showed a homogeneous mass enclosing the lacrimal gland. Near-total tumor excision revealed IgG4-related orbital disease. Eosinophilia, serum IgG4, and IgE elevations were detected without extraorbital involvement. The patient received oral prednisolone for 4 months postoperatively and remained relapse-free for 27 months. Among the 17 well-documented pediatric cases of IgG4-related orbital disease in the literature (including this case), 59% were female, and the median age was 10 years; 2 patients were under 2 years old. The disease was unilateral in 82% of the patients and caused a soft tissue mass in 88%, involving the lacrimal gland in 53%. Nine patients received immunosuppression only, 4 surgery and immunosuppression, and 2 only surgical excision. Treatment results were reported in 13 patients, and all were favorable. IgG4-related dacryoadenitis with a fibrous mass may occur in very young children, responding well to surgical excision and steroids. Although pediatric IgG4-related orbital disease is not well-characterized yet, it may manifest differently from its adult variant.

Ambient ultraviolet A, ultraviolet B and risk of melanoma in a nationwide United States cohort, 1984-2014.

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is the primary risk factor for melanoma although the relationship is complex. Compared to radiation from UVB wavelengths, UVA makes up a majority of the surface solar UVR, penetrates the skin more deeply, is the principal range emitted by tanning beds, and is less filtered by sunscreens and window glass. Few studies have examined the relationship between ambient UVA and UVB and melanoma risk. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for the association between satellite-based ambient (based on residential history) UVA, UVB and melanoma in non-Hispanic White participants using data from the United States Radiologic Technologists study, a large, nationwide prospective cohort. Associations of UVA and UVB quartile (Q) were examined in mutually adjusted and stratified models, additionally adjusted for demographic and sun sensitivity characteristics. There were 837 incident melanoma cases among 62,785 participants. Incidence of melanoma was statistically significantly increased for the highest quartile of childhood UVA exposure after adjustment for UVB (IRR = 2.82; 95%CI:1.46,5.44), but not for higher childhood UVB after adjustment for UVA. Childhood UVA was associated with increased melanoma risk within strata of UVB. Childhood UVB was not associated with melanoma after adjustment for UVA, but there was some evidence of lower risk with increased lifetime ambient UVB after UVA adjustment. Melanoma risk was elevated among participants living in locations with high annual childhood and lifetime UVA after controlling for UVB. With confirmation, these findings support increased protection from solar UVA for melanoma prevention.

Single Flap Approach Versus Conventional Flap in the Treatment of Intrabony Defects: A 6-Month Clinico Radiological Study

Abstract Introduction: The comparison of single-flap approach (SFA) and conventional flap (CF) techniques in the treatment of intrabony defects is a significant area of periodontal research. This clinical-radiological study evaluates the effectiveness of these methods over a 6-month period. SFA involves minimal surgical intervention, promoting faster healing and reduced patient discomfort. Conversely, CF is a traditional method with broader exposure to the surgical site for more extensive cleaning and repair. This study aims to provide insights into the relative advantages and clinical outcomes associated with each approach, contributing to evidence-based periodontal therapy practices. Materials and Methods: Thirty sites with chronic/aggressive periodontitis were selected for the present study. Phase I therapy was performed and evaluated after 4 weeks. Clinical parameters such as plaque and gingival index and probing pocket depth (PPD) were measured at baseline and 6 months postoperatively. The mean defect fills and percentage defect fill were calculated with the help of cone-beam computed tomography at baseline and 6 months postoperatively. The subjects were divided into two equal groups with the help of a coin toss. The Group I (test sites) underwent an SFA, whereas the Group II (control) site underwent conventional surgical procedures. Results: The PPD in both groups was reduced over a 6-month post-operative period. The mean defect size and percentage of defect fill between baseline and 6 months postoperatively in both groups were statistically significant. Conclusion: The single-flap approach and the CF are equally effective in treating periodontal intrabony defects.

Let's talk about radiation dose and radiation protection in children.

Children are more sensitive to ionizing radiation than adults. Even though the risk is very low, exposure from radiological examinations can possibly cause them long-term side effects. Recent large epidemiological studies involving children and young adults have added evidence suggesting that even small doses of radiation, such as those from computed tomography scans, might slightly increase the risk of developing cancer later in life. Therefore, even though radiologic studies are essential for an accurate diagnosis and management of various conditions, it is crucial to minimize radiation exposure. This article addresses radiation protection for children in the medical use of ionizing radiation and it is set in the context of the European legislative framework regarding radiation protection. It advocates for a holistic approach to paediatric radiological tests. This approach includes the key principles of radiation protection, such as the justification of imaging procedures supported by referral guidelines, as well as the optimization of techniques (according to the ALARA principle) and effective communication with parents about the benefits and the risks of radiologic procedures. Protecting children from unnecessary radiation is not only a technical challenge, but also a moral obligation and a legal requirement.

Deciphering the Radiation Dose Summary Page in Interventional Fluoroscopy.

Fluoroscopy is an advanced medical imaging modality that utilizes x-rays to acquire real-time images throughout a medical examination. It is commonly used in various procedures such as in interventional radiology, cardiac catheterization, and gastrointestinal and genitourinary studies. While fluoroscopy is a valuable diagnostic and therapeutic tool, it exposes patients and medical staff to ionizing radiation, which carries health risks. A radiation dose summary page is a report generated by the fluoroscope that displays important information about the procedure. It provides an overview of the radiation doses administered during a fluoroscopic procedure, as well as certain technical parameters used during the irradiation events. The contents of a radiation dose summary page may vary depending on the make and model of the fluoroscope but some common elements include the cumulative reference air kerma, which serves as a surrogate of radiation dose delivered to the patient, and the dose-area product, which takes account of the x-ray beam area and is a measure of the total amount of energy imparted on the patient. Other imaging acquisition parameters may be also included in the dose summary page, including tube voltage, tube current, pulse width, pulse rate, spectral filters, primary and secondary angles, and source-to-image distance. The radiation dose summary page for fluoroscopy is a useful tool for physicians, technologists, and medical physicists, allowing them to comprehend the technical details of a fluoroscopically guided procedure. ©RSNA, 2024.

Morphology, pneumatization, septation, and protrusion of nearby structures into the sphenoid sinus: A retrospective radiological study

The morphology of the sphenoid sinus is critical in planning endoscopic sinus surgery, pituitary gland surgery, cerebrospinal fluid leak repair, the management of chronic sphenoid sinusitis, and the evaluation of skull base tumours. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphology of the sphenoid sinus, with an emphasis on classification, septation, protrusion of structures, and dehiscence of the bony covering. In this retrospective radiological study, the morphology of the sphenoid sinus was analysed using 400 computed tomography scans. According to Hamberger’s classification, the sphenoid sinus was classified into postsellar and presellar varieties. Additionally, the extent of pneumatization of the pterygoid process, anterior clinoid process, and greater wing of the sphenoid was noted. The anteroposterior, transverse, and vertical diameters of the sphenoid sinus were also measured. The relative positions of the genu of the internal carotid artery, vidian canal, and intracanalicular optic nerve were also recorded. The mean anteroposterior length, transverse length, and vertical length of the sphenoid sinus were found to be 29.3 (±2.8), 31.9 (±2.7), and 22.8 (±1.9) mm, respectively. The sellar type was found in 90% of subjects, while the remaining 10% had the presellar type. Only two subjects had the concha type of sinus. A single septum was noted in 32% of cases.Pneumatization of the pterygoid process was found in 22.5%, the anterior clinoid process in 27%, and the greater wing of the sphenoid in 21.25%. Optic nerve protrusion occurred in 24.5% of cases, and 23% of optic canals were dehiscent. The findings of this study hold significant relevance for neurosurgery, particularly in procedures involving the skull base, such as transsphenoidal surgery and optic nerve decompression

PL-TOSP, the Novel Entry Point in Transforaminal Endoscopic Spine Surgery: Radiological Analysis with Prospective Surgical Evaluation and Review of Literature of Various Skin Entry Points

Abstract Purpose Aim of this study was to analyze variation in angulation of trajectories of various skin entry points in transforaminal endoscopic spine surgery with change in the physical parameters, namely, weight, abdominal girth, and body mass index and to validate our hypothesis that posterolateral (PL)-tip of spinous process (TOSP) entry has minimal variation in the angle of trajectory as compared with currently available skin entry points. The study included an analysis of the functional outcomes of these patients who underwent transforaminal endoscopy using the novel PL-TOSP technique, assessing improvements in pain and disability. Overview Entry point in transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy (TELD) was taken as a rough distance of 10 to 12 cm from midline as proposed by Kambin whereas Yeung and Tsou advised entry point as distance between the center of the disc space and the posterior skin line measured on lateral. But entry points cannot be static as they tend to change according to changes in physical parameters. Materials and Methods This study comprises of radiological analysis and a prospective evaluation of these patients operated on using the PL-TOSP entry point. Radiological analytic study was performed on 50 symptomatic preoperative patients who underwent transforaminal endoscopy using the novel PL-TOSP entry point. A lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) field of vision (MRI-FOV) was performed for the patients including the abdominal perimeter. Weight, height, and abdominal girth of the patients were noted prior to MRI. Angulation of trajectory made by four standard entry points used in TELD, namely, 45–45, PL, TOSP), dorsum of facet joint, and our proposed entry point PL-TOSP (which is a midpoint between PL and TOSP entry), were calculated using MRI-FOV at L45 and L5S1 level. For the functional outcome analysis of these 50 patients, preoperative Visual Analogue Score (VAS) for lower limb pain and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were recorded. Postoperative VAS and ODI scores were reassessed at 2, 6, and 12 weeks. Statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate the significance of changes in VAS scores and ODI preoperative versus postoperative. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Angle of trajectory with the horizontal for all five entry points varies with physical parameters. PL-TOSP entry point has the least variation with change in physical parameters as compared with other entry points. The range of angle for PL-TOSP entry was 21 to 29 degrees. In our study, there was improvement in postoperative VAS and ODI scoring systems which was statistically significant (p-value < 0.05). This suggests reliability of our proposed entry point with consistent postoperative improvement. Conclusion The novel PL-TOSP entry point for transforaminal endoscopy demonstrates superior stability in trajectory angle despite variations in physical parameters, and is associated with significant improvements in functional outcomes and pain reduction for patients with lower limb radiculopathy. Angulation of PL-TOSP trajectory with horizontal also corresponds to current generation of endoscopes (25 or 30 degrees).

Early Diagnosis of AP5Z1/SPG48 Spastic Paraplegia: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are a genetically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders clinically characterized by progressive lower limb spasticity with pyramidal weakness. Around a dozen potential molecular mechanisms are recognized. Childhood HSP is a significant diagnostic challenge in clinical practice. Mutations in AP5Z1, which are associated with spastic paraplegia type 48 (SPG48), are extremely rare and seldom described in children.We report the clinical, radiologic, and molecular studies performed in a child harboring novel biallelic mutations in AP5Z1.The child presented a neurodevelopmental disorder with slight lower limb pyramidal signs. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed minimal white matter changes in the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles and a normally shaped corpus callosum. Western blotting in cultured skin fibroblasts indicated reduced protein expression, which confirmed the genetic diagnosis and framed this as a case of protein reduction in a context of impaired autophagy.Our findings expand the spectrum of phenotypes associated with mutations in AP5Z1, highlighting their clinical and pathophysiologic overlap with lysosomal storage disorders. SPG48 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders even when pyramidal signs are minimal and brain MRI not fully informative.

Radiologic study of the distance between the maxillary central incisor root and the incisive canal according to skeletal malocclusion classification

The aim of this study was to evaluate the distance between the maxillary central incisor root and the incisive canal based on skeletal malocclusion classification and to analyze the morphology of the incisive canal using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Skeletal malocclusion was categorized into Class I, II, and III using lateral cephalometric analysis. Measurements of the distance between the maxillary central incisor root and the incisive canal were taken at two levels: 2 mm (L1) and 4 mm (L2) superior to the labial cementoenamel junction of the maxillary central incisor. At L1, the distance was found to be closer in the Class II group compared to the Class I or Class III groups. Similarly, at L2, the Class II group exhibited a closer distance than the Class III group. Interestingly, females showed a closer distance compared to males at both L1 and L2. Further analysis revealed a significant gender difference in the Class I and III groups, but not in the Class II group. These findings emphasize the significance of evaluating the distance between the maxillary central incisor root and the incisive canal in patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion, regardless of gender.

Giant Cell Tumor of the Rib: A Report of Two Patients.

Giant cell tumor of the bone is a locally aggressive and rarely metastasizing tumor that typically affects the ends of long bones. Less than 1% of giant cell tumor of bone occur in the ribs. Our patients were a 32-year-old woman and a 45-year-old man and were detected following chest traumas. No bone alterations were detected in radiological studies performed immediately after local trauma. Six- and one- months, respectively, following chest trauma, both giant lytic heterogeneous masses arising on an anterior rib arc were radiologically observed. In the computerized tomography-guided needle biopsy, giant cell tumor of bone were diagnosed. Both tumors were completely removed by bloc resection including the adjacent ribs and posterior reconstruction were performed. One patient was preoperatively treated with denosumab. Neither local recurrences nor metastasis have been detected in follow-up. Despite its low frequency and its low degree of suspicion, giant cell tumor of bone should be included in the differential diagnosis of a rapid growing chest mass.

Enormous ectopic liver tissue at the gastrohepatic ligament: a rare entity at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania

BackgroundEctopic liver tissue (ELT) is a developmental abnormality in which liver tissue develops at an extrahepatic site without connection to the true liver. It is a rare entity with an incidence of 0.24–0.56% according to data described in laparoscopic or autopsy studies. The detailed mechanism behind the development of ELT is poorly understood. ELT predominantly has an asymptomatic nature, even by means of radiological studies the diagnosis of ELT without surgery or autopsy is difficult. ELT has been reported mostly to be found frequently on the gallbladder and rarely on the gastrohepatic ligament. ELT has increased the potential risk of HCC which makes the resection crucial. Due to its variations anatomically, ELT recognition should gain clinical importance and surgeons need to be aware of these possible disparities.Case presentation.We present a 59-year-old female from Western Tanzania was presented to us with 2-month history of painless upper abdominal swelling. An abdominal CT scan was performed, and it revealed a large mass located at the gastrohepatic region with blood supply mainly from the left hepatic artery and omentum. Technically difficult excision of 17 × 12 cm tumor at gastrohepatic ligament was performed, with uneventful recovery. Post-operative histology results revealed capsulated hepatic parenchyma without the biliary components and limited sinusoids with tissue degeneration. To date, no complications happened during follow-up for one year.ConclusionELT is a rare entity with a predominantly asymptomatic nature. Preoperatively diagnosis is difficult even with images. It has anatomical variation and is hardly found along the gastrohepatic ligament. ELT has increased the potential risk of HCC which makes the resection crucial. Increased awareness of this congenital anomaly may result in increased detection rates.

The Lateral Wall of the Inferior Meatus as a New Graft Source for Rhinoplasty: Radiological Study and Surgical Technique.

Generally, revision rhinoplasty cases require the use of stiff grafts to restore the lost support. However, the majority of patients indicated for revision surgery present with a lack of a bony cartilaginous framework of the septum, especially after previous septoplasty. Thus, surgeons are compelled to harvest costal cartilage. At the same time, rib graft harvesting is associated with additional trauma and a risk of serious complications. Being ENT surgeons, we often resect a part of the lateral wall of the inferior nasal meatus during the extended endoscopic approach to the maxillary sinus. We supposed that this bone plate could be used as a donor site for rhinoplasty graft harvesting. The aim of our study was a radiological assessment of the feasibility and limits of using the inferior meatus lateral wall (IMLW) as a donor site for rhinoplasty bone graft.A retrospective evaluation of 100 CT scans of sinuses was conducted. Further measurements of the IMLW were performed: average length and width (28.06 ± 4.03 mm and 19.73 ± 3.08 mm, respectively), thickness (0.62 ± 0.21 mm), and average deviation from the sagittal plane (17.7 ± 9.53 degrees). According to the obtained measurements, the described donor site is appropriate for harvesting nice straight bony fragments.The IMLW bone graft was used in four revision rhinoplasty cases. There were no postoperative complications. During the long-term follow-up, patients reported significant improvement in aesthetics, function, and social aspects according to Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation. Thus, the described technique is an easy and safe method for bone harvesting for revision rhinoplasty. Our first experience demonstrated the convenience and stability of IMLW grafts for revision rhinoplasty during the follow-up period of up to 2 years.

How to be sure of a complete removal of Essure® implant? A radiological study of Essure® microinserts

PurposeLaparoscopic cornuectomy, one of the most performed surgical techniques to remove Essure® implants, is associated with a risk of fragmentation of the device. We aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the intraoperative radiograph of the removed Essure® microinserts compared with intraoperative inspection of the device. Study designIn this French retrospective cohort study including 66 patients, two experienced gynecologists and two residents evaluated the intraoperative radiograph in a blind manner. Diagnostic accuracy was calculated for each observer. ResultsThe global sensitivity and specificity for intraoperative radiograph to detect a residual fragment for both senior gynecologists and residents were, respectively 87.5 % (±3.3) and 80.0 % (+/12.2). Pooled positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) for intraoperative radiograph were respectively 99.2 % (±0.5) and 21.6 % (±6.4). There was a statistically significant difference in intraoperative radiograph analysis between senior gynecologists and residents (sensitivity: 91.4 %±0.8 vs 79.6 %±1.5, p = 0.02; specificity: 100% vs 50.0 %, p < 0.0001; PPV: 100 % vs 98.0 % ±0.1, p = 0.0007; NPV: 26.8 % ±1.8 vs 7.2 % ±0.5, p = 0.009).Sensitivity and specificity of the intraoperative inspection of the removal specimen was respectively 95.3 % and 100 % (PPV and NPV were, respectively 100 and 40 %).There were no statistically significant differences in diagnostic accuracy between intraoperative radiographs analysis and intraoperative inspection of the device for the senior gynecologists. ConclusionsIntraoperative radiograph of the removed Essure® implants analysis is a difficult skill needing specific training. Postoperative pelvic X-ray is still recommended in clinical practice after laparoscopic cornuectomy.

How effective is our current follow-up for patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma?

The study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of routine follow-up in detecting recurrent disease in hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Data from 76 patients with a total of 620 follow-up visits, 367 radiological studies, and 126 panendoscopies were retrospectively assessed regarding the diagnosis of recurrent disease based on the results of (I) radiological studies, (II) clinical examinations, and (III) clinical symptoms. All locally relapsed patients became symptomatic, and new onset of dysphagia (p < 0.001) was the most frequent complaint. The sensitivity for detecting local recurrences was 100% for both patients' symptom assessments and clinical examinations. The highest overall accuracy was found for clinical examinations (93.4%), followed by symptom assessments (80.5%), and radiological studies (73.8%). The risk of false positive radiological reports and subsequent panendoscopies was 2.2 times higher after previous radiotherapy (32.0% vs. 14.6%; p < 0.001). Symptom assessments and clinical examinations are highly efficient for detection of local failures.

Evaluation of Diet and Symptom Severity in Disorder of Gut-Brain Interaction.

Background: Disorders of gut-brain interaction are chronic or recurrent symptoms originating in the gastrointestinal tract that cannot be substantiated by the results of standard clinical tests, such as radiologic studies, morphologies, or endoscopic examination. The diagnosis of these disorders is mainly based on symptoms and the standardized Rome IV criteria. These criteria classify functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract according to anatomical location and define each disorder according to a set of symptoms. Methods: This study was conducted between October 2021 and February 2022. Participants in the study were patients of a gastroenterology outpatient clinic with a functional disease diagnosed by a gastroenterologist. A questionnaire was used to conduct the study, with questions regarding perceived functional discomforts of the gastrointestinal tract, dietary changes to alleviate discomforts, and frequency of consumption of various food groups. Results: Based on the study, statistical significance was demonstrated between the gender of the respondents and the severity of gastrointestinal complaints after the consumption of legumes and alcohol. The analysis performed confirmed the correlation between the age of the respondents and the severity of complaints when consuming raw vegetables and fruits, brassica vegetables, legumes, fried products, and spicy products. There was also a significant correlation between the body mass index (BMI) of the respondents and the severity of complaints after alcohol consumption. Conclusions: The results identify abdominal pain, bloating, and constipation as the most commonly reported gastrointestinal symptoms among participants. The association between the consumption of certain foods, such as milk and dairy products, as well as fried and fatty foods, and the severity of disorders of gut-brain interaction symptoms was confirmed. Despite this, the majority of respondents did not eliminate any food products to alleviate the discomfort.

Primary alveolar soft part sarcoma of the ilium: A case report and literature review

Introduction: The primary alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) of bone is extremely rare, and the number of published reporting cases is limited. Case Report: We present a 30-year-old woman with primary ASPS of ilium. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a destructive and moth-eaten appearance in the ilium with a soft tissue mass. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG PET-CT) revealed high uptakes of FDG in the left ilium. ASPSCR1-TFE3 gene fusion was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Wide resection was performed. One year after the surgery, a local recurrence developed. However, there has been no evidence of disease in the last eight years after the second surgery. Conclusion: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography and RT-PCR besides routine radiological and histopathological studies helped achieve the accurate diagnosis and provide appropriate treatment in the present case.

The Radioecological Peculiarities of Soil Cover in Mountainous Areas (Kyrgyzstan)

The article presents the results of a radiological study of mountain soils depending on the height above sea level (740 - 760; 1600-1700 and 2000-2500 m above sea level) on the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic. Mountainous areas are characterized by denudation-erosion processes and humus; total nitrogen, gross phosphorus and potassium in the soil cover in mountainous zones are not uniform; in general, the studied zones are at the level of a natural area with small deviations, this is due to both natural and man-made processes. The content of natural radionuclides in the studied soil samples of mountain dark chestnut soils (tailing ponds and the adjacent territory) is several times higher than the average Clarke values, where a sharp decrease in the content of radionuclides is observed in the lower 20-60 cm layers, compared to mountain meadow-steppe subalpine soils. Radioecological analyzes in the city of Bishkek showed that, in general, the exposure dose is at background levels and below established standards. In the Issyk-Kul Biosphere Territory, the calculated annual doses to the population from all routes of exposure to radionuclides in the conditions of the Issyk-Kul region do not exceed the established norm (1 mSv per year). Mothballed storage facilities and dumps are a dangerous potential source of environmental pollution and therefore require constant monitoring.

Morphology and morphometry of the transverse foramina of cervical vertebrae in an adult Kenyan population: a radiological study

Morphology and morphometry of the transverse foramina of cervical vertebrae in an adult Kenyan population: a radiological study