Radioisotope Techniques Research Articles

GW24-e1819 Experiment of cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes (CREG) delivery via nanoporous stent in a porcine coronary mode

ObjectivesIn this study we investigate the In vitro pharmacokinetic of nanoporous CREG eluting-stent (CREGES) and evaluate the efficacy and safety of nanoporous CREGES in inhibiting neointima proliferation in porcine coronary...

Reliability of different radioisotopic techniques in diagnosing solitary hot spots in the spine of patients with malignant neoplasm

Early diagnosis of spinal metastases is of key importance in further therapeutic management. The aim of the study was to assess the reliability of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or SPECT and computed tomography (SPECT/CT) in the diagnosis of solitary hot nodules in the spine identified by scintigraphy. In this retrospective study, 70 patients with neoplastic disease and a solitary nodule detected in the spine were analyzed. Using a SPECT/CT γ-camera, the type and site of the foci in the vertebra were analyzed. Bone scintigraphy, SPECT, and CT were performed. Reliability of the results was assessed depending on the applied technique. In malignant lesions, increased isotope uptake was observed in the vertebral body with the posterior arch (89%), the body and both arches (67%), and the body alone (14%). In benign lesions, increased uptake was observed in the body area or in the joint area. Using SPECT, 25 of 27 cases (93%) of foci were properly classified as malignant. Using SPECT/CT, malignant lesions were observed in 26 of 27 cases (96%). Using SPECT, 19 of 43 cases were identified as benign (44%), and using SPECT/CT, 31 of 43 were identified as benign (72%). The agreement between SPECT and SPECT/CT was higher for malignant lesions (89%) than for benign lesions (67%). The use of CT in SPECT/CT examinations allowed to change the SPECT diagnosis of malignant lesions to that of benign lesions in 50% of the cases. The criteria used in the diagnosis of solitary nodules in the spine direct the diagnosis largely towards noncancerous lesions. Reliability of positive assessment was significantly lower than that of negative one - 51% in SPECT and 68% in SPECT/CT. A hybrid SPECT/CT camera is more reliable than SPECT alone in the assessment of spinal lesions.

Screening for antimicrobial and antimalarial activities of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour) seeds

The aims of this study were to evaluate methanolic extract of longan seed for antibacterial, antimalarial (antiplasmodial) activity and conducted with cytotoxicity test by using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay with Vero cells (African green monkey kidney cell line). The methanolic extract was tested for antimicrobial activity with five strains of pathogenic bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Psuedomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and one strain of pathogenic yeast, Candida albicans . The antimicrobial activities of each extract were screened by agar diffusion before conducting with broth macrodilution method for determining minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The assessment of antimalarial activities of methanolic extract was determined by microculture radioisotope technique. Plasmodium falciparum (K1, multi-drug resistant strain) in vitro culture was used for this test. The extract also was screened for cytotoxicity with Vero cells (African green monkey kidney cell line) by SRB colorimetric assay. The results show that longan seed extract (10 mg/ml) inhibited the growth of S. aureus , P. aeruginosa and C. albicans 17, 12 and 11 mm and MIC values were 3.19, 1.59 and 1.59 mg/ml, respectively. The longan seed extract also possessed preferable antimalarial activity (IC 50 = 2.78 ± 0.44 μg/ml) with no cytotoxic effect to Vero cells.

Radioisotopic Tracer Technique for Characterization of Nuclear and Non-Nuclear Grade Ion Exchange Resins Tulsion A-23 and Indion-810

In the present paper 82Br radioactive tracer isotopes was used for characterization of nuclear and non-nuclear grade ion exchange resins Tulsion A-23 and Indion-810 respectively. The bromide ion-isotopic exchange reactions were performed by equilibrating 1.000 g of conditioned resins in bromide form with labeled bromide ion solution of different concentrations ranging from 0.001 M to 0.004 M, in the temperature range of 30.0 °C to 45.0 °C. The resins were characterized by comparing the values of specific reaction rate (min-1), amount of bromide ion exchanged (mmol) and percentage of bromide ions exchanged under identical experimental conditions. It was observed that the above values decrease with rise in temperature and increases with increase in concentration of labeled bromide ion solution. From the experimental values of specific reaction rate, amount and percentage of bromide ions exchanged, it was observed that Tulsion A-23 resins are superior to Indion-810 resins under identical experimental conditions.

Amino acid absorption by lobster (Homarus americanus) intestine using dual‐label radioisotopic tracer techniques

Amino acids are transported from the lumen of an intestine to the blood across epithelial mucosal and serosal membranes by specific amino acid carrier proteins found within the membrane as well as a transport process involving bis complex formation between the amino acids and metal ions resulting in a dipeptide‐like substrate. In this study the absorption of 3H‐L‐leucine and 35S‐L‐methionine across lobster intestine were simultaneously followed in the presence and absence of Zn metal ions using dual‐label radioisotopic tracer techniques allowing the analysis of independent amino acid fluxes in single experiments. The radiolabelled amino acids were perfused through in vitro lobster intestines and rates of isotope appearance were periodically monitored to estimate trans‐intestinal fluxes of each amino acid. In the presence of luminal Zn, both 3H‐L‐leucine and 35S‐L‐methionine fluxes across the tissue were significantly stimulated. There was no significant evidence that the amino acids competed with each other for carrier transport in the absence of Zn, suggesting separate amino acid transport systems for these substrates. On‐going experiments will determine if bis‐complexes of these amino acids, involving Zn, enhance amino acid flux rates to the serosa, and if there are competitive interactions between the complexes. Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive USDA Grant no. 2010–65206‐20617.

Use of anthropogenic radioisotopes to estimate rates of soil redistribution by wind I: Historic use of 137Cs

Abstract Wind erosion is increasingly scrutinized as a causative factor in soil degradation and fugitive dust emissions. Although models have been developed to predict wind erosion and dust emissions, they are not accurate in all locations. The temporal and spatial variability of aeolian processes makes local estimates of long-term average erosion costly and time consuming. Atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons during the 1950s and 1960s resulted in anthropogenic radioisotopes that had not previously existed being injected into stratospheric global circulation and subsequently deposited on the Earth’s surface. Many of these radioisotopes are strongly adsorbed to soil particles and their movement on the landscape is a powerful method for investigating soil redistribution by wind, water, and tillage. 137Cs is the most commonly used anthropogenic radioisotope used to assess soil redistribution rates. Models have been developed to equate differences of radioisotope inventories with rates of soil redistribution and these models have been employed globally to assess soil redistribution on agricultural and natural landscapes. The radioisotope method for assessing soil redistribution rates has many advantages, but also a few limitations. One of the major limitations occurs when local sources of radioisotope contamination, particularly 137Cs, mask the pulse from global fallout, making temporal estimates of redistribution difficult or impossible. In this paper, I explore the importance, history, and applications of the radioisotopic technique using 137Cs, particularly as it applies to soil redistribution by wind.

Improving Phosphate Efficiency by Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Organic Matter Estimated by Radio Isotop (32P) Technique in Some Soils

Phosphorous (P) contents in many soils are varies highly along with their ability to provide available P to plant growth. Soils may contain very high in total P, but low in available P due to high P adsorbed by soil matrix and all their adsorbing agents. This research which using natural materials was aimed to increase P availability in some high-P absorption soils. The natural materials utilized for extracting P were organic matter, P extracting bacterial, and rock phosphate. Those materials were interacted to high P absorption soils which were: Oxisol, Inceptisol, and Andisol. The detail objectives of this research were: (1) to study the potential of P-extracting agents (organic matter, and P-extracting bacteria) in releasing P of three high P- absorption soils; (2) to quantify the -age of P coming from the treatments; (3) to calculate the efficiency of P utilization by plant; and (4) to quantify Residual P in soils. The P mobility was analyzed by radioisotope technique using KH232PO4 carrier free solution. The results showed that adding soil organic matter increased the available P by 15.24% in Oxisol, 40.18 in Inceptisol, and by 7.34% in Andisol. Plant sorption toward P from % P used efficiency(%-PUE) up to 60 days was still very low, 0.65 to 9.34%. This was in accordance with the residual P in soils which were still quite high ranging from 94% to 96% in Andisol, 91%97% in Inceptisol, and 96%-98% in Oxisol. The implication of the results of this research, however, is that the application of natural materials in improving soil P availability provides a longtimeresidual effect which could give benefit to the following crops.Keywords: Andisols; Inceptisol; Oxisols; P. diminuta; PUE; rock phosphate[How to Cite: Mudjiharjati A, TC Setiawati and MH Pandutama. 2012. Improving Phosphate Efficiency by Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Organic Matter Estimated by Radio Isotop (32P) Technique in Some Soils. J Trop Soils, 17 (3) : 245-252. doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.245][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.245]

Lizard and Frog Prestin: Evolutionary Insight into Functional Changes

The plasma membrane of mammalian cochlear outer hair cells contains prestin, a unique motor protein. Prestin is the fifth member of the solute carrier protein 26A family. Orthologs of prestin are also found in the ear of non-mammalian vertebrates such as zebrafish and chicken. However, these orthologs are electrogenic anion exchangers/transporters with no motor function. Amphibian and reptilian lineages represent phylogenic branches in the evolution of tetrapods and subsequent amniotes. Comparison of the peptide sequences and functional properties of these prestin orthologs offer new insights into prestin evolution. With the recent availability of the lizard and frog genome sequences, we examined amino acid sequence and function of lizard and frog prestins to determine how they are functionally and structurally different from prestins of mammals and other non-mammals. Somatic motility, voltage-dependent nonlinear capacitance (NLC), the two hallmarks of prestin function, and transport capability were measured in transfected human embryonic kidney cells using voltage-clamp and radioisotope techniques. We demonstrated that while the transport capability of lizard and frog prestin was compatible to that of chicken prestin, the NLC of lizard prestin was more robust than that of chicken’s and was close to that of platypus. However, unlike platypus prestin which has acquired motor capability, lizard or frog prestin did not demonstrate motor capability. Lizard and frog prestins do not possess the same 11-amino-acid motif that is likely the structural adaptation for motor function in mammals. Thus, lizard and frog prestins appear to be functionally more advanced than that of chicken prestin, although motor capability is not yet acquired.

A radio-isotopic dilution technique for functional characterisation of the associations between inorganic contaminants and water-dispersible naturally occurring soil colloids

Environmental context The fate and behaviour of inorganic contaminants are dominated by soluble complex formation and interactions with naturally occurring colloids. Although the importance of these interactions has long been debated, our understanding of the mobility and bioavailability of contaminant–colloid associations has been hampered by the limitations of common operationally defined analytical techniques. The method developed in this study facilitates a step forward from operationally defined characterisation of the association between contaminants and colloids to a functional characterisation in terms of their exchangeability and potential bioavailability. Abstract Despite evidence that the fate and behaviour of inorganic contaminants are influenced by their interactions with water-dispersible naturally occurring soil colloids, our understanding of the mobility and bioavailability of contaminant–colloid associations has been hampered by the limitations of common operationally defined analytical techniques. In this paper, an isotopic dilution method was developed to quantify the isotopically exchangeable and non-exchangeable forms of zinc and phosphorus in filtered soil-water extracts. In addition, the effect of filter size on the determination of Zn and P exchangeability was investigated. The results showed that the isotopically non-exchangeable Zn and P in filtered soil-water extracts respectively ranged between 5 and 60% and 10 and 50% and was associated with water-dispersible colloids. Filter pore size had a significant effect on Zn and P exchangeability. Whereas the <0.1-µm filtrates contained isotopically exchangeable Zn and P fractions equal to the total Zn and P concentrations (i.e. 100% isotopically exchangeable Zn and P), the filtrates obtained from larger filter sizes (0.22, 0.45 and 0.7µm) contained increasing proportions of non-exchangeable Zn and P.

Molecular Epidemiology and Functional Assessment of Novel Allelic Variants of SLC26A4 in Non-Syndromic Hearing Loss Patients with Enlarged Vestibular Aqueduct in China

BackgroundMutations in SLC26A4, which encodes pendrin, are a common cause of deafness. SLC26A4 mutations are responsible for Pendred syndrome and non-syndromic enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA). The mutation spectrum of SLC26A4 varies widely among ethnic groups. To investigate the incidence of EVA in Chinese population and to provide appropriate genetic testing and counseling to patients with SLC26A4 variants, we conducted a large-scale molecular epidemiological survey of SLC26A4.MethodsA total of 2352 unrelated non-syndromic hearing loss patients from 27 different regions of China were included. Hot spot regions of SLC26A4, exons 8, 10 and 19 were sequenced. For patients with one allelic variant in the hot spot regions, the other exons were sequenced one by one until two mutant alleles had been identified. Patients with SLC26A4 variants were then examined by temporal bone computed tomography scan for radiological diagnosis of EVA. Ten SLC26A4 variants were cloned for functional study. Confocal microscopy and radioisotope techniques were used to examine the membrane expression of pendrin and transporter function.ResultsOf the 86 types of variants found, 47 have never been reported. The ratio of EVA in the Chinese deaf population was at least 11%, and that in patients of Han ethnicity reached at least 13%. The mutational spectrum and mutation detection rate of SLC26A4 are distinct among both ethnicities and regions of Mainland China. Most of the variants caused retention of pendrin in the intracellular region. All the mutant pendrins showed significantly reduced transport capability.ConclusionAn overall description of the molecular epidemiological findings of SLC26A4 in China is provided. The functional assessment procedure can be applied to identification of pathogenicity of variants. These findings are valuable for genetic diagnosis, genetic counseling, prenatal testing and pre-implantation diagnosis in EVA families.

Characterization of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase from rabbit temporalis muscle

ObjectiveThe aim of this work was to isolate the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca-ATPase from rabbit temporalis muscle and to determine the optimal conditions for calcium transport and enzymatic activity. DesignSR vesicles were isolated from rabbit temporalis muscle by differential centrifugation, the protein composition analyzed by electrophoresis and compared to fast-twitch muscle membrane suspensions. ELISA was used to determine the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase (SERCA) isoform. Ca-ATPase activity was determined by a colorimetric method. Calcium-binding to the Ca-ATPase, calcium uptake, calcium efflux and phosphorylation by Pi were determined with radioisotopic techniques. ResultsSixty five percent of the total protein concentration of SR membranes suspensions from rabbit temporalis corresponded to SERCA. Of the total SERCA protein, 64% was SERCA 2, 35% was SERCA 1 and less than 1% was SERCA 3. The optimal conditions of the SERCA isolated from rabbit temporalis muscle were: pH 7.2, 5μM Ca2+, 100μM EGTA, 90μM Mg2+, 3mM ATP and 100mM KCl and did not differ from fast-twitch skeletal muscle. The temporalis maximal calcium uptake and Ca-ATPase activity were lower but the sensitivity to the specific Ca-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin was higher. Calcium-binding to the enzyme and calcium efflux were similar while the phosphorylation of the enzyme by Pi was lower. ConclusionThe lower enzymatic activity and calcium transport capability of the Ca-ATPase isolated from rabbit temporalis, and the higher sensitivity to inhibitory drugs are consistent with the presence of a substantial proportion of SERCA 2, which can be expected in other rabbit masticatory muscles.

Functional and phylogenetic microbial diversity in formation waters of a low-temperature carbonate petroleum reservoir

Functional and phylogenetic microbial diversity in formation waters of carbonate low-temperature bed 302 of the Romashkinskoe oil field was studied using microbiological, molecular and radioisotope techniques. Cultivable sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (103–106 cells ml−1) predominated in formation water and the process of sulfate reduction was paramount. The rate of sulfate reduction varied within the range 2.28–26.60 μg S2− l−1−day−1. The number of fermentative bacteria varied from 102 to 104 cells ml−1, of methanogens – from 10 to 104 cells ml−1. Methanogenesis was a minor process with the rate not exceeding 0.395 μg CH4 l−1 day−1. 16S rRNA gene clone libraries for Bacteria and Archaea were constructed on the basis of DNA extracted from formation water. From the bacterial clone library, 16S rRNA genes of aerobic organotrophs (genera Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, ‘Brachymonas’ etc.), anaerobic organotrophs (genus Thauera, Bacteroidetes) and sulfate reducers (Desulfoglaeba, Desulfomicrobium, Desulfovibrio and Desulfobacterales) were retrieved. For the first time, the predominance of nucleotide sequences of the bacterium Desulfoglaeba alkanexedens known to grow on n-alkanes was revealed in the clone library from the carbonate oil reservoir. Archaeal sequences in the library of formation water were not attributable to any recognized methanogens. Both the sulfate-reducing bacterium D. alkanexedens and syntrophic assemblages could be involved in biodegradation of crude oil associated with sulfate reduction in the carbonate petroleum reservoir.

From shoots to roots: transport and metabolic changes in tomato after simulated feeding by a specialist lepidopteran

AbstractUpon herbivory, plants can swiftly reallocate newly acquired resources to different tissues within a plant. Although the herbivore‐induced movement of resources is apparent, the movement direction and the role of the remobilized resources are not well understood. Here, we used a two‐pronged approach combining radioisotope and metabolomic techniques to shed light on whole‐plant resource reallocation and changes in primary metabolism within the tomato, Solanum lycopersicum (L.) (Solanaceae), model in response to simulated herbivory by the specialist Manduca sexta (L.) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Manduca sexta regurgitant applied to damaged leaves, but not mechanical damage alone, increased 11C‐photosynthate allocation to roots but did not affect 11CO2 fixation and leaf export. Changes in primary metabolite concentrations occurred mostly in sink tissues (apex and roots) as well as in damaged leaves. Both damage treatments (with and without M. sexta regurgitant application) resulted in increased concentrations of primary metabolites relative to undamaged plants in the apex and decreased concentrations in the roots, but there were also extensive changes specific to each damage treatment. Mechanical damage alone led to changes consistent with water stress caused by tissue damage. Manduca sexta led to metabolite increases in the apex consistent with an increase in glucose breakdown, metabolite increases in damaged leaves consistent with starch degradation, and metabolite decreases in roots suggesting a high use of metabolites. A possible explanation for the observed patterns in the aboveground tissues might be an increase in carbohydrate degradation to support defense production in attacked leaves and vulnerable developing leaves, and/or subsequent remobilization to belowground tissues to support high carbohydrate demand for respiration, enhanced nutrient uptake, and storage.

Altered Cerebral Perfusion of Motor Cortex in Patients with Periodic Limb Movement Disorder

Address for correspondence Seung Bong Hong, MD, PhD Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Korea Tel: +82-2-3410-3592 Fax: +82-2-3410-0052 E-mail: ejoo@skku.edu eyuns@paran.com Objectives: The pathophysiology of sleep-related motor diseases and sleep dysfunction in movement disorders is widely unknown as yet. Functional brain imaging, in particular radioisotope techniques, is considered to be powerful tool to investigate pathomechanisms of periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD). Methods: We performed Tc-ethyl cysteinate dimer brain single-photon emission computed tomography in 25 drug-naive patients with PLMD and 23 age-and gender matched normal cotrols during wakefulness. For statistical parametric mapping analysis, single-photon emission computed tomography images were spatially normalized to the standard template and then smoothed using a 14-mm full width at half maximum Gaussian kernel. Results: Mean age of patients and normal controls was 48.6 years and over half of them were male. Most patients reported the sleep onset and maintenance insomnia due to repetitive leg jerks. Average duration of insomnia was 7.5 years. They denied the history of restless leg syndrome and there was no sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome which was confirmed by polysomnography. Mean PLM during sleep index and movement arousal index were markedly increased to 45.3/hr and 7.5/hr, respectively. Their sleep quality was poorer than that of normal patients. In PLMD patients, cerebral blood flow was significantly increased in the bilateral precentral gyri as compared to normal controls. There was no brain region showing decreased perfusion in patients. Regional cerebral perfusion was not correlated to any polysomnography parameter including PLMS index or movement arousal index. Conclusions: Different perfusion pattern in bilateral primary motor cortices may provide the evidences of motor cortical impairment in patients with PLMD. J Korean Sleep Res Soc 2011;8:35-39

Impact, orthodoxy and peer review

Impact, orthodoxy and peer review

Sentinel Node Microscopic Metastasis Detected after Segmentectomy for Lung Cancer Followed by Completion Lobectomy: Two Case Reports

We performed sentinel node identification using radioisotopic and/or dye techniques to determine the final indication after segmentectomy in cases with non-small cell lung cancer. Sentinel nodes were examined using intraoperative frozen sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. We present 2 cases with completion lobectomy performed 7 and 11 days after segmentectomy because immunohistochemical staining of the sentinel nodes showed the presence of microscopic metastases that were not detected by the examination of intraoperative frozen sections.

Effect of Coffee Pulp Compost and Terrace on Erosion, Run off and Nutrients Loss from Coffee Plantation in Lahat

Phosphorous (P) contents in many soils are varies highly along with their ability to provide available P to plant growth. Soils may contain very high in total P, but low in available P due to high P adsorbed by soil matrix and all their adsorbing agents. This research which using natural materials was aimed to increase P availability in some high-P absorption soils. The natural materials utilized for extracting P were organic matter, P extracting bacterial, and rock phosphate. Those materials were interacted to high P absorption soils which were: Oxisol, Inceptisol, and Andisol. The detail objectives of this research were: (1) to study the potential of P-extracting agents (organic matter, and P-extracting bacteria) in releasing P of three high P- absorption soils; (2) to quantify the -age of P coming from the treatments; (3) to calculate the efficiency of P utilization by plant; and (4) to quantify Residual P in soils. The P mobility was analyzed by radioisotope technique using KH232PO4 carrier free solution. The results showed that adding soil organic matter increased the available P by 15.24% in Oxisol, 40.18 in Inceptisol, and by 7.34% in Andisol. Plant sorption toward P from % P used efficiency(%-PUE) up to 60 days was still very low, 0.65 to 9.34%. This was in accordance with the residual P in soils which were still quite high ranging from 94% to 96% in Andisol, 91%97% in Inceptisol, and 96%-98% in Oxisol. The implication of the results of this research, however, is that the application of natural materials in improving soil P availability provides a longtimeresidual effect which could give benefit to the following crops. Keywords: Andisols; Inceptisol; Oxisols; P. diminuta; PUE; rock phosphate [How to Cite: Mudjiharjati A, TC Setiawati and MH Pandutama. 2012. Improving Phosphate Efficiency by Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Organic Matter Estimated by Radio Isotop (32P) Technique in Some Soils. J Trop Soils , 17 (3) : 245-252. doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.245] [Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.245 ]

Value of sentinel node mapping in cancer of the cervix

Objectives To compare the relative value of two methods of detection for the sentinel lymphatic nodes (SLNs): colorimetric with Isosulfan blue (ISB) and radio-isotopic with Technetium-99 (Tc99), and to evaluate the concept of the SLN mapping applied to cervical cancer. Methods From October 2000 to December 2006, radical surgery was planned in 211 patients who presented early-stage cancer of the cervix. Both ISB and Tc99 were used to detect the SLNs. In all cases, we proceeded with laparoscopy for the identification and removal of the SLNs, followed by a complete pelvic lymphadenectomy with or without para-aortic node sampling. The SLNs were sent for frozen section (1 level) and were ultra-staged (6 levels) for final pathology. Detection rate, sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated. Results Among the 211 patients, ISB (n = 152) identified at least 1 SLN in 92.8% of the cases. With Tc99 (n = 166), the detection rate of SLN increased to 96.9%. When both techniques were used together (n = 107), Tc99 was significantly better than ISB by 7.8% (p = 0.0094) and at least 1 SLN (hot and/or blue) was found in 99.1% of the cases. In 16.7% of patients, a SLN was located in aberrant sites, including 3.8% in the para-aortic area. Thirty-three out of the 211 patients (15.6%) had lymph node metastases. When considering only the 181 patients with bilateral SLNs identified, the NPV of SLN is 100% after ultra staging on final pathology and 94.2% on frozen section (FS). Conclusion Sentinel node mapping is feasible using laparoscopy. The radio-isotopic technique adds significantly to the rate of detection. The main benefits of SLN mapping in cervical cancer are the detection of micro-metastases on ultra staging which might be missed on routine pathological evaluation, and identification of aberrant drainage sites. However, the current frozen section techniques lack sensitivity to identify very small metastases and need refinement. SLN mapping should become the standard of care in the modern management of cervical cancer and complete pelvic lymphadenectomy could be avoided when bilateral SLNs are detected in patients with lesions less than 2 cm.

Intracerebral dopamine metabolism studied by a novel radioisotope technique.

Intracerebral dopamine metabolism studied by a novel radioisotope technique.

Measurement of desipramine in brain tissue by a radioisotope derivative technique

Journal Article Measurement of desipramine in brain tissue by a radioisotope derivative technique Get access E Riva, E Riva Department of Pharmacology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P D Hrdina, P D Hrdina Department of Pharmacology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Correspondence to: P. D. Hrdina, Department of Pharmacology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P L Morselli P L Morselli Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, Milan, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 1975, Pages 797–799, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1975.tb09410.x Published: 12 April 2011 Article history Received: 24 February 1975 Published: 12 April 2011