Radioisotope Technology Research Articles

PRODUKTIVITAS DAN KOLABORASI PERISET PADA PUSAT RISET TEKNOLOGI RADIOISOTOP, RADIOFARMAKA DAN BIODOSIMETRI BADAN RISET DAN INOVASI NASIONAL BERDASARKAN ANALISIS BIBLIOMETRIK

The collaboration and productivity of researchers at the Research Center for Radioisotope Technology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Biodosimetry (PRTRRB) was carried out using the bibliometric method. The research objectives were to determine: 1) the Productivity of PRTRRB researchers, period 2021 -2022, 2) Collaboration of PRTRRB researchers, and 3) Trends/mapping of research results conducted. Data was collected from the Scopus database and https://intipdaqu.brin.go.id/paten. The research population was publications by 66 out of 69 researchers with Scopus IDs on 23 February 2023. The results showed that the number of publications in 2021 was 43, and in 2022 there were 38 titles. The most prolific researcher was Syaifudin M., who produced 14 documents, followed by Suseno and Wongso, each of whom produced 10 documents. PRTRRB produced 7 patents. A total of 30 countries collaborated with researchers, and the most was Japan. The research map that was carried out was divided into 7 clusters, and the most clusters were about radiopharmaceuticals, which concentrated on cancer treatment, assisted by natural ingredients. It was concluded that PRTRRB BRIN researchers are active in conducting research in the nuclear field, as evidenced by the publication of research results in various types of publications indexed in Scopus. Another indicator is the production of patents in the nuclear field.

Bioconjugates of Chelators with Peptides and Proteins in Nuclear Medicine: Historical Importance, Current Innovations, and Future Challenges.

Molecular radiopharmaceuticals based on bioconjugates of chelators with peptides and proteins have had significant clinical impact in the diagnosis and treatment of several types of cancers. In the 1990s, indium-111 and yttrium-90 labeled chelator-peptide/protein conjugates established the clinical utility of these radiopharmaceuticals for receptor-targeted γ-scintigraphy imaging and systemic radiotherapy. Second-generation bioconjugates based on peptides targeting the somatostatin II receptor and the prostate-specific membrane antigen are now widely used for management of neuroendocrine and prostate cancer, respectively. These bioconjugates are typically radiolabeled with gallium-68 for imaging of target receptor expression with positron emission tomography, and the β--emitter, lutetium-177, for targeted radiotherapy. Innovations in radioisotope technology and biomolecular therapies are likely to drive the future clinical development of radiopharmaceuticals based on radiometals. New chelator-peptide and chelator-protein bioconjugates will underpin nuclear medicine advances in molecular imaging and radiotherapy.

Methodological approach for ranking of different blockage detection techniques for pipeline

A pipeline system is an indispensable element of present civilization, being employed for the deliverance of various fluid substances. However, during the transportation of fluid, blockage is an important fault in a pipeline, which should be detected as early as possible, not only for uninterrupted operation but also for financial, social and environmental reason. Researchers applied different blockage detection techniques which are useful for various fluids in a pipeline having different lengths and for various layout patterns depending on various operating conditions. In order to determine the suitability of the blockage detection method in a pipeline, a comparison followed by ranking is done among all blockage detection methods based on their different applicability criterion. For the sake of comparison and ranking between these methods, this article gives a concise idea for engineers to use a multi-criteria decision-making matrix, based on analytic hierarchy process and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution method, which is very convenient and reliable. Finally, it is found that radioisotope technology has first rank when it is applicable for straight, long length pipelines and handled all types of fluid having high, medium and low density.

Strategic Planning as a Competitive Advantage by Using the BSC as a Management Tool: A Case Study in Application of Radioisotope Technology at IPEN

Strategic Planning as a Competitive Advantage by Using the BSC as a Management Tool: A Case Study in Application of Radioisotope Technology at IPEN

Comparative Study of Indion-870 and Duolite A-611 Anion Exchange Resins by Application of <SUP>131</SUP>I and <SUP>82</SUP> Br as a Tracer Isotopes

The present study deals with modeling of ion-isotopic exchange reaction kinetics by application of radioactive tracer isotopes 82Br and 131I. The bro mide and iodide ion-isotopic exchange reactions was carried out by using weak base anion exchange resins Indion-A GR and Duolite A-638. It was observed that for both the resins, reaction rate decreases with rise in temperature and increases with increase in ionic concentration. The study was extended further for characterizat ion of these resins based on their performance under d ifferent operational parameters. It was observed that the percentage/amount of ions exchanged and distribution coefficient values calculated fo r Duolite A-638 was higher than Indion-A GR resins under identical operational parameters, indicat ing superior performance of Duolite A-638 over Indion-AG R resins. Radio isotopes find applications in several fields of which ind ustrial app licati ons consti tut e a majo r po rt io n with respect to the quantum of activ ity used and the economic benefits accrued. Industrial applicat ions of radioisotopes can be main ly categorized into two. The first one being the use of rad iati on fro m sealed sources of rad ioi sotopes or fro m elec tron beam accelerator s for in dustrial pr o cessing, n on- destructive testing. The second major group of applications is the use of radiotracers in inventory control, study of process parameters, trouble shooting in industrial systems, flo w measurements , leakage stud ies etc. The economic benefits that may be derived fro m the use of the radioisotope technology are great, a fact that is recognized by the governm ents of developing countries. Though radioisotopes have been applied to the solution of problems in industry for over 50 years, research and development of the techno logy cont inues unabated . There are t wo main reasons for the continu ing interest. Firstly, it is industry driven . Because o f th eir un ique p ropert ies , radi oact ive isotopes can be used to obtain information about plants and processes that cannot be obtained in any other way. Often, the info rmat ion is obtained with the p lant on-stream and

Effects of low frequency magnetic fields on DNA synthesis

50/60 Hz magnetic fields are of special concern in biomagnetics because living organisms are constantly exposed to these fields. We report the influence of a very low frequency alternating-current magnetic stimulus as high as 1.0 T on the DNA synthesis processes in vitro. In this study, we examined both the activity of enzyme and the DNA synthesis error rate. Enzyme activity and synthesis error rate are measured by the speed of DNA synthesis and the number of mistaken DNA pairs respectively. In these experiments we used artificially synthesized DNA and a radioisotope technology. By comparing the exposed and control cases, we cannot recognize any differences for either the enzyme activity or error rate.

What is Required from Toxicokinetic Studies?—The Viewpoint of Japanese Kineticists

A questionnaire study on the general opinions toward toxicokinetics in Japan revealed that: most Japanese companies currently perform toxicokinetic studies only when they feel them to be warranted. Most believe, however, that in the future, toxicokinetic studies should be integrated into toxicology studies. In order to support and to make toxicokinetics more effective, basic pharmacokinetic studies are necessary at the earliest stage of drug development. Another questionnaire study revealed that most Japanese companies consider the radiolabeled repeat dose pharmacokinetic studies to be informative and useful. These studies, however, should not be uniformly required for all drugs. Rather, they should only be required under certain conditions. Application of a sensitive new radioisotope technology, radioluminography, was outlined and its usefulness in basic animal pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies was pointed out.

Nuclear Medicine in India

The regular supply of radiopharmaceuticals and radioimmunoassay kits from BARC has been an important factor in the development of nuclear medicine in India. However, a major stumbling block has been the non-availability of suitable instrumentation systems (especially the computer-assisted gamma camera) at an affordable price. Two recent developments, viz., the creation of the Board of Radioisotope Technology by the Department of Atomic Energy, and the efforts of Electronic Corporation of India Ltd. to design indigenously a gamma camera with a computer attachment, hold promise for the future healthy and rapid growth of nuclear medicine in the country. Training in nuclear medicine at the post-graduate level is gradually picking up. Nuclear medicine is essentially applied physiology and biochemistry, and provides an orientation, different from those of the anatomist and physiologist. The gamma camera, SPECT and PET enable the study of dynamic metabolic function resolution to spatial and temporal resolutions. Newer developments in tagged monoclonal antibodies hold promise for a better understanding of infectious and inflammatory disease which are a burden in the developing countries.

Radiopharmaceuticals Pattern of Development and Utilisation in India

The availability of research reactors at an early stage of our Atomic Energy Programme led to developmental efforts in the field of radiopharmaceuticals. Starting with temporary laboratories for this work, a sophisticated and dedicated Radiopharmaceutical Laboratory is now installed at Vashi in New Bombay. The use of several /sup 125/I-labelled compounds like Rose-Bengal, hippuran, etc. for imaging has been replaced over the years by /sup 99m/Tc compounds; the final formulations are prepared at the hospital using generators and cold kits supplied by the Board of Radioisotope Technology. Parallel with the development of short lived generators in radiopharmaceuticals came advances in imaging and instrumentation techniques, the scanners being replaced by sophisticated gamma cameras, with capabilities for tomography and computerisation. About 40 centres in India have the modern instrumentation and equipment needed for carrying out nuclear medicine procedures. Further growth of nuclear medicine centres in the country has, however, been limited by the need to import such advanced high cost instrumentation not currently available from indigenous sources. Regarding in-vitro radiopharmaceuticals, some RIA and IRMA kits and procedures have been developed. These include assay of T/sub 3/, T/sub 4/ and TSH in the thyroid group of hormones. Kits for several other important procedures are still being imported by some large medical centres. There are over a hundred and fifty medical laboratories carrying out RIA procedures.

The exhibition ?Radioisotope technology in the complex automation of industry?

The exhibition ?Radioisotope technology in the complex automation of industry?

U.S. Atomic Energy Commission: Grants for Training in Radioisotope Technology

U.S. Atomic Energy Commission: Grants for Training in Radioisotope Technology