Radical Approach Research Articles

Construction of group norms in a radical acceptanceonline forum for heavy alcohol users: A corpus-based discourse analysis.

Alcohol use is a major source of morbidity and mortality globally. Numerous adverse health outcomes have been linked to alcohol use, including liver disease, road injuries, violence, cancer, cardiovascular disease, suicide, domestic violence and family breakdown. Alcohol use is responsible for approximately three million deaths per year across the globe. Different paradigms have been employed in the treatment of alcohol use disorder, including abstinence-based and harm-reduction models. Radical acceptance, which has been successfully applied elsewhere in mental health treatment, has not gained purchase in the treatment of addictions. We used a set of corpus linguistics techniques to analyze a dataset of approximately 10,000 posts in an online forum for self-identified severe alcoholics. The forum we studied explicitly claims a radical acceptance approach to alcohol use disorder. The forum is "for people who accept their lifestyle choice and don't want to be interrupted . . ." We combined quantitative methods (keyword and collocation analysis) and qualitative methods (concordancing) to conduct a discourse analysis of the linguistic and rhetorical practices employed in the forum. We found that although the forum purports to embrace acceptance and eschew change, in fact, the discursive practices in the forum reveal a highly ambivalent relation with both acceptance and change. We found that acceptance and change are in dialectical tension that mirrors the structure agency dialectic described in critical realism. We suggest there may be merit in considering employing a radical acceptance paradigm in addictions treatment.

Modular Construction of Unnatural α‐Tertiary Amino Acid Derivatives by Multicomponent Radical Cross‐Couplings

Although the synthesis of α-tertiary amino acids (ATAAs) has been extensively studied, the development of an inexpensive and facile methodology to incorporate multifunctionality on ATAAs remains challenging. In this article, we present a single-step radical approach for the modular synthesis of functionally diverse ATAAs. This synthesis takes place under mild conditions with an absence of metals, photocatalysts, and all other additives. We demonstrate the broad applications of this approach on a variety of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids, alkenes, 1,3-enynes, and oxazolones. The results prove that our method provides excellent functional group tolerance and late-stage applicability, as well as gram-scale synthesis via flow chemistry. Additionally, we include mechanistic studies which reveal that the excited state of oxazolone enolate upon light excitation is a key intermediate that acts as a radical precursor and an efficient reductant.

Are we there yet? Feminist approaches in information science

Introduction. Thirty years ago Librarianship: The Erosion of a Woman’s Profession (1992) provided a clarion call for specific, radical approaches to the field in what Harris deemed might be a new return to earlier interactions of information science as a female profession. Harris offered clear guidelines to reinvigorate the field that have not been fully addressed. This research presents two cases, leadership and data science, to examine persistent inequities in the field. Inequities in leadership and data science are analysed through selected literature on data science and leadership in Information Science. A feminist approach to information science is identified as a way forward in addressing issues of equity, diversity, and inclusion; to contend with missed opportunities; and to begin the work of redressing power in the field. A thorough feminist analysis and interdisciplinary research partnerships are suggested as ways to identify opportunities for change and ways to create a field that is truly our own.

Oligometastatic Disease: When Stage IV Breast Cancer Could Be "Cured".

Although metastatic breast cancer remains an incurable disease, there are patients with a limited number of metastatic lesions that, in addition to systemic therapy, can be treated with "radical therapy" and sometimes reach the status of no long-term evidence of disease. Whether or not these patients can be considered cured is still a matter of debate. Unfortunately, the definition of the oligometastatic disease remains unclear, and it can occur with multiple different presentations. The absence of remarkable biomarkers, the difficulty in designing the appropriate clinical trials, and the failure to offer this group of patients radical approaches in advanced-stage clinical trials are just some of the current problems that we face in treating patients with oligometastatic breast cancer. Although most of the data come from retrospective studies and do not use the same definition of "oligometastatic disease," here we review the main studies exploring the role of surgery or radiotherapy in patients with the oligometastatic disease and the different results. Some, but not all, studies have shown an increase in survival when surgery and/or radiotherapy were performed for oligometastatic disease. However, better clinical trial designs are needed to confirm the role of "aggressive" approaches for patients with breast cancer and oligometastatic disease.

Conceptual Overview (Portrayals of Sexuality in Pornography)

Conceptual Overview (Portrayals of Sexuality in Pornography)

An economy-wide impact assessment of agriculture land reform in South Africa

South Africa has been battling with getting land reform right since the advent of democratic rule in 1994 The need to expedite land reform in the country has given rise to a number of radical approaches, including the topic and controversial expropriation of land without compensation discourse. The simulation results presented in this paper provide nuanced policy options for land redistribution in South Africa in the face of the looming expropriation of land without compensation. The analysis in this paper is specific to agricultural land as opposed to land in general. We carried out scenario simulation through Computable General Equilibrium approach using the modified University of Pretoria General Equilibrium Model (UPGEM), which is solved using GEMPACK solution software. Our simulation revealed that there would be adjustment costs regardless of the option(s) chosen. The Inclusive Scenario came up as the most suitable policy option in terms of minimal adjustment costs and allowing the sector to continue to grow, albeit at a lower rate compared to the status quo. Given that agricultural land reform is imperative in South Africa, policy makers should opt for the policy option that is least disruptive to the economy while achieving the desired outcome of more equitable agricultural land ownership and broader participation in the agricultural sector by the majority in the country. Thus, the Inclusive Scenario was found to be the most suitable policy option for agriculture land reform in South Africa.

‘To your tents, O Nigeria’: An exegetical study of 1 Kings 12:1–16

Solomon’s exerting decrees led to Israel’s prosperity, yet they took away the freedom of the common folks. His son Rehoboam had just been anointed king over the whole of Israel, but this son, being less than his father, had to make compromises towards political demands from his subjects or the kingdom would divide. The common people of the north felt marginalised and encumbered, so they had to be listened to. Rehoboam’s first advisers told him to reassure the people of his magnanimity, but his contemporaries suggested he maintain his father’s zest even when he was not in any way as charismatic as his father. Revolt came and the united Kingdom of Israel collapsed. Nigeria’s leadership, toeing the same line of noninclusive governance, has provoked agitation leading to several calls for secession. Only a soft-pedalling and compromise on the Nigerian part can assuage the virulent and unyielding voices of discord and secession.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: By challenging the orthodox belief that a new Nigeria is possible without a radical approach to what divides, the study brought to the fore the possible situation that Nigeria could face as a result of insensitivity by the leaders and to contextually relate it to the mistakes of Rehoboam leading to the collapse of the united Kingdom of Israel.

Beyond death education from preschool education: Towards a Radical and Inclusive Pedagogy?

It is normal to live in an appreciable unconsciousness, caused by generalized egocentrism and immaturity. Education based on competencies and knowledge is completely insufficient and contradictory, if we are talking about full education. Our education has lost sight of education. It is a decaffeinated and existential action, which excludes human depth from its corpus. That is why it lacks essential evolutionary meaning. Education based on the ego-consciousness vector is a necessary and undemanded complement to evolve inwardly, both personally and socially. It is heir to the teachings of great radical pedagogues, such as the masters of the Tao (Lao Tse, Zhuang Zi, Lie Zi or Huang Di), or the first Buddha. It is possible to enter through the atrium, through the main gate. The beginning may be the apparent end: death. It is not possible to educate for life without including the awareness of death. Education that includes death is a branch of a larger tree: the education of conscience. Pedagogy and Didactics of death, as sciences of education for death par antonomasia, propose to move from taboo and invention to educational imperative, with a radical and inclusive approach, that is, starting with us. The field of Death Education is essential, but there is a certain epistemological stagnation. We propose its rooting in the education of consciousness from preschool or early childhood education, as it is suitable for all education to evolve.

The co-occurrence of substance misuse, domestic abuse, and child maltreatment: Can Family Drug and Alcohol Courts play a part?

This review article focuses on the inter-relationship between substance misuse, domestic abuse, and child maltreatment, especially in the context of care (child protection) proceedings. It reviews what is known about the prevalence and impact of co-occurring domestic abuse and substance misuse on adult and child victims, and the response of criminal and family law and intervention programmes in supporting families to address these problems holistically. Special attention is paid to the role of Family Drug and Alcohol Courts (FDACs), a radical problem-solving approach to care proceedings, which provide integrated interventions to the range of co-occurring problems that trigger the proceedings. Despite clear evidence of the greater harm to children when exposed to these two parental difficulties, the review has found a lack of systematic information on the prevalence of co-occurrence and a lack of effective integrated interventions, including within care proceedings. It argues that the FDAC approach is well suited to respond to co-occurring substance misuse and domestic abuse in care proceedings and it has the potential to break down silos across sectors. However, in the absence of empirical evidence, this premise would need testing. A particular focus of the review has been on efforts to overcome silos in practice, law and policy. Promising initiatives are described in criminal and family law to improve the response to domestic abuse that build on the Domestic Abuse Act 2021, the first dedicated domestic abuse legislation in England and Wales. All of them are based on problem-solving approaches used in other jurisdictions. Despite these initiatives, the review concludes that there remain significant barriers to effectively align law, policy and practice to ensure that domestic abuse strategy recognizes and responds to the overlaps with substance misuse.

A novel green preparation of zinc oxide nanoparticles with Hibiscus sabdariffa L.: photocatalytic performance, evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activity

ABSTRACT This study investigates the eco-friendly synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) utilizing an aqueous solution of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. flower extract, which is acts as reducing agent as well as capping agent. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results revealed the presence of flavonoids and phenols in the plant extract, indicating that they were the major agents capable of reducing zinc nitrate salt. According to our x-ray diffraction (XRD) results, ZnO-NPs exhibit a particular phase wurtzite structure. The ZnO-NPs are spherical in shape and have an average size of 15 nm, according to the measurements of electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements. Energy dispersion (EDX) analysis demonstrates that the NPs are mainly composed of zinc and oxygen. The zeta potential of these nanoparticles shows that they are very stable. The antibacterial activity of ZnO-NPs was tested using agar dilutions with a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. According to the research results, ZnO-NPs can be established as an extremely specific antibacterial agent for a wide variety of organisms to prevent bacterial growth. Furthermore, the antioxidant properties of ZnO-NPs were determined using the 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging approach, and the IC50 value of 38 μg/mL was measured for ZnO-NPs. Furthermore, the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs showed significant catalytic performance of methyl orange (MO) under UV irradiation. Overall, ZnO-NPs in their produced state have excellent potential in biomedical and wastewater treatment applications. Radical scavengers were used to evaluate the role of radicals in the reaction mechanism.

Exclusion and Cooperation of the Urban Poor Outside the Institutional Framework of the Smart City: A Case of Seoul

Although information and communication technology (ICT) has recently revolutionized human settlements, its allocation and availability have not been evenly distributed globally. Consequently, the urban poor have often been excluded from government-driven smart city projects due to their inability to access and utilize ICT. Instead, the urban poor have attempted to forge an alternative smart city-making pathway outside institutions, in collaboration with radical social groups. Thus, this article examines the nature of the development of poor urban communities in their alternative smart city-related practices by exploring changing power dynamics and social infrastructure across the boundaries of smart city institutions. The case study of Seoul demonstrates that the urban poor can build a unique social infrastructure through radical intermediary intervention, which can improve their communal autonomy and construct a self-governing system, albeit within constraints. This article also argues that radical organizational transition can deprive these populations of opportunities to engage in various smart city-related practices, particularly those driven by the public and private sectors with speculative motives, while little or no qualitative growth of their communal autonomy has occurred within the institutional framework. Therefore, this article criticizes the double-edged ambivalence of the alternative smart city-making pathway for the urban poor, where their right to the smart city remains unachieved, despite their radical approach contributing to genuinely humanizing smart urbanism.

Monopoly Capital in the time of digital platforms: a radical approach to the Amazon case

Abstract The paper applies the radical view of Monopoly Capitalism to the digital platform economy. Based on the seminal ideas of Hymer and Zeitlin that led Cowling and Sugden to define the large monopolistic firm as a means to plan production from a single strategic decision-making centre, we attempt to develop a framework where digital platforms are conceived as an evolution of large transnational corporations. Power and control, in our view of monopoly capitalism, are thus to be understood not only in terms of market relations, but rather as levers for coordinating global production and influencing world societies. Applying this framework to the Amazon case, we highlight the key analytical dimensions to be considered: not only does Amazon dominate other firms and suppliers through its diversification and direct control of data and technology; its power is also linked to global labour fragmentation and uneven bargaining power vis-à-vis the world’s governments, as in the tradition set by Hymer and Cowling.

An Analysis of the Gender Inequality Issues in the United Kingdom’s Employment Relationship—Based on the Current Situation and Theoretical Approach

The impact of the Covid-19 epidemic on the British labor market has sparked concern for disadvantaged groups in employment relations. This paper examines the current state of gender inequality in the British labor market and the three theories that attempt to explain it: human capital theory, social and cultural norms theory, and institutional discrimination theory, to answer the question of how to improve gender inequality in the British labor market. Through a critical analysis of three approaches to equality and diversity and the principal actors in industrial relations, this paper concludes that a combination of liberal, radical, and diverse approaches is advantageous and that the state and main actors in industrial relations must collaborate more.

From Political Economy to Economics Through Nineteenth-Century Literature: Reclaiming the Social, edited by Elaine Hadley, Audrey Jaffe, and Sarah Winter

Reviewed by: From Political Economy to Economics Through Nineteenth-Century Literature: Reclaiming the Social ed. by Elaine Hadley, Audrey Jaffe, and Sarah Winter Eleanor Courtemanche (bio) From Political Economy to Economics Through Nineteenth-Century Literature: Reclaiming the Social, edited by Elaine Hadley, Audrey Jaffe, and Sarah Winter; pp. xiii + 287. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019, $119.99, $84.99 paper, $64.99 ebook. This fascinating and useful volume of essays marks a new stage in the study of political economy from the standpoint of Victorian studies. This subfield, with its origins in New Historicism and the "New Economic Criticism," has developed new branches in response [End Page 521] to recent work on environmental crisis, the history of slavery, and critiques of inequality that sharpened after the global financial crisis of 2008 (5). This subfield of Victorian studies has always had an edge of ideology critique, in its claim that axioms of economic law have been abstracted from their historical and social contexts and then used to dominate discourses of capitalist experience. Yet it was also defined at the outset by a rather abashed bracketing out of Marxism, as in The New Economic Criticism: Studies at the Interface of Literature and Economics (1999), which claimed that "most literary critics' knowledge of economics begins and ends with Karl Marx" (edited by Martha Woodmansee and Mark Osteen [Routledge], 12). In response, scholars drilled down specifically on the British tradition of political economy, including the work of Adam Smith, David Ricardo, and Thomas Malthus, as well as representatives of the neoclassical or marginalist turn such as William Stanley Jevons and Alfred Marshall, and a vast, shadowy host of otherwise-forgotten economists. The goal was to carefully disentangle this theoretical tradition from its oversimplification as "capitalist ideology," and to read it for its own internal contradictions and use of literary terms, as well as its historical embeddedness in an age of turbulent industrialization and imperial expansion. That subfield was mapped out by Catherine Gallagher, Mary Poovey, and Regenia Gagnier between roughly 1985 and 2005 in work that articulated the crucial transition between "political economy," a term that admits that economics is a field structured by power, and "economic theory," which naturalizes its prescriptions with narrow mathematical certainty (10). As its title suggests, this volume follows in this tradition by defending the "social" against the presumably anti-social abstractions of economic theory. Its general thrust is to defend the empirical and inductive—observed social life and historical impasses—rather than to follow the path of formalist analysis laid out by Jean-Joseph Goux and Marc Shell, or of Marxist-semiotic analyses of money and credit as themselves fictional. The autonomy of fictional or aesthetic ways of knowing is not the main point here. But the banishment of Marx is over, and this volume is a welcome opening in Victorian studies to some non-British and even radical approaches to economic history. The volume's introduction frames its task in terms of this critical genealogy, stressing its allegiance to historical rigor and aversion to presentism. But it also defines its intervention as making the connections between contemporary capitalist crisis and the study of the nineteenth century more "directly" than earlier work—perhaps more in the line of Audrey Jaffe's The Affective Life of the Average Man: The Victorian Novel and the Stock Market Graph (2010), which connected Victorian and contemporary obsessions with stock market graphs (7). I am not sure any of this work will ever give a University of Chicago economist even a momentary twinge of regret about their discipline's limitations. However, in an age when neoliberalism seems to be cracking under multiple pressures, the opportunities for critical engagement with economics extend beyond rereading the classics. Thomas Piketty's Capital in the Twenty-First Century (2013), which used novels by Jane Austen and Honoré de Balzac to illustrate a world of inherited financial inequality that might be returning, is referenced by several writers as a new interdisciplinary interlocutor. Though unified by their engagement with nineteenth-century political economy, the essays in this volume splinter out in many directions, each engaging with a new set of contemporary theorists and problems. [End Page 522] The essays...

Tapered, Sand-Blasted, Large-Grit, and Acid-Etched Surfaced Internal Dental Implant in the Diverse Pathologic Jaw.

The treatment of pathologic lesions in jaws either through conservative or radical approaches, frequently leads to a loss of teeth. As a result, patients will experience diminished masticatory and phonetic function as well as esthetic deficits. In this manuscript, we report multiple cases of successful implant rehabilitation after the conservative treatment of pathologic lesions in jaws utilizing allogeneic bone grafts and the installation of implant fixtures. In this study, we examined 8 patients with 8 different kinds of pathologic lesions in their jaws, who were treated with a conservative approach and rehabilitated with bone grafts and implant installations using internal dental implant type with tapered, sand-blasted, large-grit, acid-etched surfaces. Marginal bone loss was analyzed through radiograms, and the implant survival rates and graft outcome evaluations were recorded. No significant difference was found in the mean marginal bone loss throughout the follow-up period. The survival rate of the implant and the success rate of graft were recorded as 100%. The results of this study suggest that conservative surgical management for pathologic lesions based on the understanding of the pathologies can be helpful for successful oral rehabilitation. In bone grafting, it is necessary to determine an appropriate timing and method considering the risk of recurrence and the vascularity of the recipient site. For subsequent implant placement, selecting an implant system suitable for the site of placement and placing it within 3 to 6 months after bone grafting can help the long-term maintenance of the grafted bone and dental implant.

Computer Simulation of Electron Transfer between the Cytochrome Active Center and Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species

In this work, computer simulation at the level of density functional theory is carried out using the PBE functional and bases of the def2- group. The characteristics of the electron transfer reaction according to the Marcus theory from the bioradicals O2-, NO, and NO- to the active center of cytochrome c are calculated. The values of the activation energy ΔG≠, the overlapping matrix element of the donor and acceptor HDA molecular orbitals, the frequency transfer factor ket , and the second-order transfer rate constant k are obtained. The numerical values of k for three radicals make it possible to draw a conclusion about the efficiency of their neutralization by interaction with the active center of the enzyme. For instance, for superoxide ion O2- k=6.32·105 М-1-с-1 at a distance of 5.02 Å, for nitrogen monoxide NO k=6.96·106 М-1-с-1 at a distance of 5.60 Å and oxoazanide ion NO- k=4.45·101 М-1-с-1 at distances of 5.60 Å and 4.45 Å. The transfer distances are obtained from the potential energy curves when the radical approaches the iron ion. The obtained values allow us to conclude that the iron ion in the heme protein environment is the most effective in deactivating the superoxide ion and nitrogen monoxide.

Safe Technical Innovation: Development and Implementation of a Robotic Breast Operation Program.

Safe Technical Innovation: Development and Implementation of a Robotic Breast Operation Program.

Case study: Implementing the IT platform of the future in Copenhagen Airport

This paper describes in detail the journey that Copenhagen Airport (CPH) has embarked on towards the full replacement of the legacy core airport IT systems with a state-of-the-art, modern data platform supporting the high digital ambitions in its business strategy. It informs about the growing IT challenges requiring a radical approach, the bold vision for a ‘smart airport’, the strong organisational implementation setup and finally the details of the truly data-driven platform that has been developed as a result.

Synchronous Pleural and Peritoneal Mesothelioma: a Case Report and Narrative Review.

Malignant mesotheliomas most often affect the pleura and tend to spread locally within the originating cavity. Mesotheliomas are already rare diseases, and cases with synchronous pleural and peritoneal involvement are scarce in the literature. Mesothelioma in children is a rare disease representing only 0.9% of all mesotheliomas. They exhibit similar distribution and characteristics as mesotheliomas in adults and generally, a poor prognosis. Due to the rarity, there is no standardized treatment recommendation for children with mesothelioma. Though the malignant mesothelioma tends to spread locally within the originating cavity, pleuM have been reported to metastasize into the peritoneal cavity and vice versa. As there are only few studies concerning the metastatic spread of mesothelioma, it is difficult to define a precise incidence and risk factors for patients to develop metastases of the other mesothelium. There is no standardized therapeutic recommendation for patients with synchronous pleuM and perM. Our patient proved to profit from a radical two-stage surgical approach in combination with locoregional chemotherapy; she showed no sign of tumor recurrences 9years after tumor resection. In conclusion, clinical studies are needed to confirm the benefit of this treatment and to determine its limitations and selection criteria.

Blinded by Curiosity: The collector–dealer Hadriaan Beverland (1650–1716) and his radical approach to the printed image

Blinded by Curiosity: The collector–dealer Hadriaan Beverland (1650–1716) and his radical approach to the printed image