Traditional ground-penetrating radar (GPR) systems typically use a single transceiver antenna unit, which is challenging to achieve high-fidelity, ultra-narrow pulse transmission. It leads to problems such as limited detection resolution and insufficient data acquisition. This paper proposes a multi-polarization GPR array that uses multiple antenna elements to work synergistically. An electromagnetic field solving algorithm that enables parallel computation is introduced the time-domain finite element method of dual-field decomposition to achieve efficient and wideband simulation of the electromagnetic characteristics of large arrays. Each antenna element of the array system is treated as a subdomain during the solution process, and the electric and magnetic field values for each subdomain are calculated separately. Adjacent antenna elements are explicitly connected by equivalent surface currents on the interface of the subdomains. Through the method, numerically simulates the antenna array, establishes the spatial multi-polarization input signal, and analyzes the polarization response of the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) electromagnetic signal under the antenna array structure to the target body. The research results demonstrate that under the ground-penetrating radar array observation mode, the target's multi-polarization signal information can accurately and effectively reflect it's corresponding position and morphological relationship. The multi-polarized input signal can better compress the width of the wavelet and improve the range resolution of the target body. AAt the same time, the antenna array excites pulse signals with the same center frequency to be superimposed in the equivalent amplitude and same phase on space. The formed plane beam signal increases the radiation energy, improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the data, and eliminates the flicker caused by the radar cross-section changing with the observation angle, and weakens the influence of the discontinuity of the profile data in the horizontal direction caused by the antenna's unstable pattern and strengthens the data quality.