Adj R2 Research Articles

Green Economy: Community Pottery Development Process from Kradong Volcanic Rock Powder for the Sustainable Development of Communities in Thailand

The aim of this research is to establish a pottery production process from volcanic rock powder in Ban Kruat District, Thailand under the concept of the green economy operation by using research tools such as structured interviews as well as Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Multiple Regression Analysis. Moreover, it was found that the mixing ratios of pumice powder at 50%, local soil at 20% and kaolin at 30% with a shrinkage rate of 14%, water absorption of 1.88%, and a hardness of 304.75 kg/cm², having been fired at a temperature of 1,190 °C is considered a suitable ratio. In the same way, when transferring the production process of new pottery to the community in Ban Kruat District for production and distribution with the evaluation of consumer satisfaction, it can be summarized that there are six factors that affect consumer satisfaction: 1) Local Identity, 2) Uniqueness of the Materials, 3) Identity from Khmer Art Influence, 4) Factors in Lifestyle and Local Beliefs, 5) Functional Factors that Correspond to the Era, and 6) Factors of Current Market Conditions. Thus, these six factors have a predictive value of 61.365 (KMO =.533), and the results are as follows: F = 88.808, P = 0.000, R = 0.858, R2 = 0.736, Adj R2 = 0.728, SEE = 0.320, Durbin-Watson = 1.919. Therefore, the regression equation is defined as y ̂=-2.528+.345(X_1 )+.277(X_2 )+.287(X_3 )+.354(X_4 )+.373(X_5 )+.392(X_6 ), and it was concluded that all six factors affect consumer satisfaction towards pottery made from new types of volcanic rock powder with statistical significance at .01.
 
 Received: 28 January 2023 / Accepted: 14 April 2023 / Published: 5 May 2023

Histological examination of choroid plexus epithelia changes in schizophrenia

BackgroundThe choroid plexus (CP) produces and secretes most of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the central nervous system. The CP is suggested to be regulated by descending neurons and by circulating factors and is involved in the interaction between central and peripheral inflammation. Quantitative imaging has demonstrated volumetric CP changes in psychosis, schizophrenia and depression. This study histologically examines CP epithelial cell morphology in these illnesses to identify the biological source of such volumetric changes. MethodsFormalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks were obtained bilaterally from the lateral ventricles of 13 cases of sex- and age-matched brains from each of schizophrenia (SZ) with psychosis, major depressive disorder (MDD) and matched controls (NPD). FFPE blocks were sectioned at 7 μm and routinely stained for H&E. Morphological analysis of 180 CP epithelia/case was conducted blindly on digital images collected at x600 magnification. Calcification was assessed in all CP regions manually. ResultsAnalysis with a General Linear Model demonstrated a significant effect of diagnosis on somal width (p = 0.006, R2 = 0.33 R2(adj) = 0.25) demonstrating increased somal width in SZ without psychotic medication versus controls (p = 0.032), but not in medicated SZ cases. No effects were observed in calcification. DiscussionThe epithelial cells that were examined were attached to the CP fibrous surface, so width expansion describes the primary methods for these cells to expand with adherence to this surface in SZ. The interaction of antipsychotic medication and diagnosis demonstrates that this is an illness-specific change mediated through the DA-system with likely neuronal origin. CP alterations were not found in MDD where they are instead generally associated with heightened allostatic load that was unknown in this cohort.

Machine learning for prediction of soil CO2 emission in tropical forests in the Brazilian Cerrado

Soil CO2 emission (FCO2) is a critical component of the global carbon cycle, but it is a source of great uncertainty due to the great spatial and temporal variability. Modeling of soil respiration can strongly contribute to reducing the uncertainties associated with the sources and sinks of carbon in the soil. In this study, we compared five machine learning (ML) models to predict the spatiotemporal variability of FCO2 in three reforested areas: eucalyptus (RE), pine (RP) and native species (RNS). The study also included a generalized scenario (GS) where all the data from RE, RP and RNS were included in one dataset. The ML models include generalized regression neural network (GRNN), radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), multilayer perceptron neural network (MLPNN), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and random forest (RF). Initially, we had 32 attributes and after pre-processing, including Pearson's correlation, canonical correlation analysis (CCA), and biophysical justification, only 21 variables remained. We used as input variables 19 soil properties and climate variables in reforested areas of eucalyptus, pine and native species. RF was the best model to predict soil respiration to RE [adjusted coefficient of determination (R2 adj): 0.70 and root mean square error (RMSE): 1.02µmolm-2s-1], RP (R2 adj: 0.48 and RMSE: 1.07µmolm-2s-1) and GS (R2 adj: 0.70 and RMSE: 1.05µmolm-2s-1). Our findings support that RF and GRNN are promising for predicting soil respiration of reforested areas which could help to identify and monitor potential sources and sinks of the main additional greenhouse gas over ecosystems.

Vitamin D is associated with visual memory in young northern adolescents

ABSTRACT Background Vitamin D status has been linked to visual memory in adults. We hypothesized a similar association in young adolescents. Methods Participants were 9–13 years. The Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Task (ROCF), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task (RAVLT), Digit Span (Forward, Backward), and verbal fluency task assessed visual and verbal learning/memory, attention/working memory, and executive functioning/language, respectively. An at-home, mail-in blood spot test assessed 25(OH)D levels. Results Participants (N = 56) were 10.7 ± 1.3 years, 61% females, 25(OH)D levels 84.2 ± 25 nmol/L(39.9 - 167.2 nmol/L) and 41% had insufficient vitamin D status (<75 nmol/L). Only measures of visual memory (ROCF-Recall, -%Recall of Copy) were significantly correlated with 25(OH)D, r = .34, p < .01 and r = .33, p < .01, respectively, and 25(OH)D remained a significant independent predictor on multiple regression analyses, which included age and sex.(ROCF-Recall overall model: Adj R2 = .24, p < .001; for 25(OH)D: p = .009; ROCF-%Recall of Copy overall model: Adj R2 = .20 p < .002; for 25(OH)D: p = .01). Individuals with sufficient vitamin D performed significantly better only on these measures (t-tests; ROCF-Recall, p = .016, d = 0.68; ROCF-%Recall of Copy, p = .022, d = 0.64). Despite moderate effect sizes (d = 0.4–0.5) in the Younger Age Group (9–10 years), only in the Older Age Group (11–13 years) was 25(OH)D significantly correlated with ROCF-Recall, r = .64, p = .0001 and ROCF-%Recall of Copy, r = .64, p = .0001, as well as working memory (Digit Span-Backward), Spearman’s r = .46, p = .013. Similarly, those in the Older Age Group with sufficient vitamin D performed significantly better on ROCF-Recall, p = .01, d = 1.07; and ROCF-%Recall of Copy, p = .009, d = 1.08. Conclusions Vitamin D insufficiency was common in young adolescents. Similar to adults, visual memory was better among participants with higher 25(OH)D and those with sufficient levels. This effect was especially pronounced among older participants, suggesting possible time- and/or age-related implications of vitamin D status on cognition.

Membrane fouling mechanism of submerged membrane bioreactor during erythromycin removal

Background: Based on the previous studies, antibiotics can have affected biological properties of biomass and fouling properties of mixed liquor in aeration tank. The present study was conducted to explore the fouling mechanisms of membrane bioreactor (MBR) system during the treatment of wastewater containing erythromycin (ERY) antibiotic under several mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) concentrations. Methods: A lab-scale two-chamber MBR system equipped with a polypropylene hollow fiber submerged membrane was fed with synthetic wastewater containing different initial concentrations of ERY. MBR system was operated under the constant flux mode and different MLSS concentrations (5.0-13.0 g/L) and the obtained results were evaluated using different individual and combined fouling models. Results: The variation of MLSS concentrations had not significantly affected the kind of best-fitted model. From the individual models, the standard model indicated the best performance for permeate prediction under different MLSS concentrations (R2 adj&gt;0.997). For all studied MLSS concentrations, the R2 adj values of combined fouling models were higher than 0.986 and demonstrated good fitness performance of combined models compared to individual models. Overall, the cake-intermediate model showed the lowest fitness, and cake-complete and complete-standard models were the most successful models in filtrated volume prediction in comparison with other combined fouling models. Conclusion: This study indicated that mechanistic models are suitable for fouling prediction of MBR systems in ERY removal and under a wide range of MLSS concentrations and provide valuable information on fouling mechanisms of full-scale MBR systems.

Publication Rates for Tenure-Track Faculty Members in Kinesiology and Exercise Science Departments at Liberal Arts Colleges and Universities

ABSTRACT Over the past several decades, the scholarship requirements for faculty at teaching-intensive institutions have increased and are used in the tenure and promotion evaluation process. Thus, in order to establish some normative data for faculty and administrators at these institutions we evaluated publication rates among kinesiology departments within liberal arts (LA) institutions and determined what factors might be associated with publication rates across institutions. Departments were identified from the Council of Christian Colleges and Universities (CCCU) and members of the Consortium of Liberal Arts Colleges (CLAC). Web of Science, SportDiscus, and PubMed were searched for research published between 2009 and 2018. Demographic information for each school included extramural funding, endowment, number of undergraduate students, and the presence of graduate programs. Of the 116 LA kinesiology departments identified, the mean publication rate across the entire sample was 0.09 ± 0.18 publications/year/tenure-track faculty member. Multiple regression analysis yielded the model: publication rate = (0.266 × endowment) + (0.406 × extramural funding) + 0.057 (R2 adj = 0.333, SEE = 0.181, p < .001). In the 10 R1 kinesiology departments examined, the mean publication rate was 1.97 ± 1.33 publications/year/tenure-track faculty member. Scholarly activity in kinesiology departments at LA institutions is substantially lower than has been reported for their counterparts at R1 institutions. And access to extramural funding is a primary predictor of scholarly productivity. While publishing one peer-reviewed manuscript every 3 years at an R1 institution would likely be unacceptable for promotion and tenure, this publication rate would be in the 90th percentile among LA kinesiology faculty.

Symptoms, symptom clusters and associated factors among cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: A cross-sectional survey.

The purpose of this study was to explore the symptoms and symptom clusters and analyse associated factors among cancer patients receiving ICI therapy. We analysed the data of 216 cancer patients who received immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy from the internal medicine unit of a university cancer centre in China. Participants were surveyed using the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Score (ECOG PS) assessment, the ICI therapy symptom assessment scale, and demographic and disease characteristic questionnaires designed for this study. Exploratory factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to analyse the data. The most common symptoms in patients with grade 1-2 symptom severity were fatigue (57.4%), itching (34.3%) and cough (33.3%), and those with grade 3-4 symptom severity were rash (7.9%), joint pain (6.9%), muscle soreness (6.5%) and fatigue (6.5%). Four symptom clusters were identified: nonspecific, musculoskeletal, respiratory and cutaneous (the cumulative contribution to the variance was 64.070%). ECOG PS, disease course and gender were significantly associated with the nonspecific symptom cluster (Adj R2=14.3). ECOG PS and disease course were significantly associated with the respiratory symptom cluster (Adj R2=8.9). ECOG PS, disease course and education level were significantly associated with the musculoskeletal symptom cluster (Adj R2=20.2). Cancer patients receiving ICI therapy experience various symptoms with apparent clustering. The factors associated with symptom clusters included gender, education level, ECOG PS and disease course. These findings would be useful for medical personnel to provide relevant interventions to promote symptom management of ICI therapy.

481 Interactions between buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Buprenorphine (BUP) is used for opioid use disorder during pregnancy but causes neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS). The goal of this study was to determine the contribution of the active metabolite, norbuprenorphine (NorBUP), to the development of NOWS when the parent drug, BUP, is administered during pregnancy. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Subcutaneously implanted osmotic minipumps delivered BUP (0, 0.01, 0.1 or 1 mg/kg/day) ± NorBUP (1 mg/kg/day) to pregnant Long-Evans rats from gestation day 9 until after delivery. NOWS was measured between 3 and 12 hours after delivery. Withdrawal was precipitated by an intraperitoneal injection of a mu opioid receptor antagonist naltrexone (NTX; 0, 1 or 10 mg/kg), and movement duration (MD; a validated proxy for NOWS) was measured using Noldus Ethovision. Concentrations of BUP, NorBUP, and their glucuronide conjugates in the brains of neonatal littermates not undergoing withdrawal testing were determined using LC/MS/MS. Two-way ANOVA and multiple linear regression analyses tested for interactions between BUP and NorBUP on MD and related brain concentrations to MD, respectively. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: There was no interaction effect between BUP and NorBUP on MD for either sex or at any dose of naltrexone. In females, but not males, BUP (1 mg/kg/day) significantly increased NorBUP-induced MD by 58% following an injection with 1 mg/kg NTX. A multiple linear regression model that included BUP and NorBUP brain concentrations as predictors of MD was significant and well-fitting [FEMALES: F (2, 40) = 23.97, P &lt; .0001, adj R2 = 0.52; MALES: F (2, 40) = 5.84, P = .0059, adj R2 = 0.19]. There was a differential contribution of NorBUP brain concentrations to MD based on sex. The partial regression coefficient for NorBUP was 51.34 (p &lt; .0001) for females and 19.21 (p = 0.093) for males. The partial regression coefficient for BUP was similar for females and males (FEMALES:βBUP = 10.62, p = .0017; MALES:βBUP = 11.38, p = .009). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: We show for the first time a differential contribution of NorBUP to BUP-associated NOWS in each sex, suggesting sex differences in NorBUP susceptibility and implicating that treatment strategies reducing prenatal NorBUP exposure may be more effective for females than males.

Modeling the Impact and Risk Assessment of Urbanization on Urban Heat Island and Thermal Comfort Level of Beijing City, China (2005–2020)

Rapid urbanization poses a threat to various ecosystem services. Beijing has undergone extensive infrastructure development in recent years. The study aims to extract land surface temperature (LST) and land use cover (LUC) data from satellite imagery, identify urban heat island (UHI) areas in Beijing, and determine the correlation between LST, LUC, NDVI, and BUI. It will also investigate the relationship between UHI and built/unbuilt areas, evaluate thermal comfort in Beijing using UTFVI, and assess the ecological quality of different land use types using the Ecological Evaluation Index (EEI). The results can inform urban planning and management in rapidly urbanizing and climate-changing regions. Changes in LUC and other activities affect the distribution of LST. For the study years (2005–2020), the estimated mean LST in Beijing was 24.72 °C, 27.07 °C, 26.22 °C, and 27.03 °C, respectively. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.96 p &gt; 0.005) was found between LST and urban areas with other infrastructures. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) outperformed with Adj R2 &gt; 0.74, suggesting that the extent of an urban heat island (UHI) is strongly dependent on the settlements, LUC composition, size, and terrain of surrounding communities. Urban hotspots in the city were identified and validated using Google Earth imagery. The Ecological Evaluation Index (EEI) value was relatively low compared to other ecosystem-related units. EEI showed a continuous increase of six percent in the most negative categories, indicating an unstable environment. This study concludes that urbanization affects the city’s environment, and study findings would help to regulate the urban ecosystem in Beijing.

Development of Phase and Seasonally Dependent Land-Use Regression Models to Predict Atmospheric PAH Levels.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an important class of pollutants in China. The land use regression (LUR) model has been used to predict the selected PAH concentrations and screen the key influencing factors. However, most previous studies have focused on particle-associated PAHs, and research on gaseous PAHs was limited. This study measured representative PAHs in both gaseous phases and particle-associated during the windy, non-heating and heating seasons from 25 sampling sites in different areas of Taiyuan City. We established separate prediction models of 15 PAHs. Acenaphthene (Ace), Fluorene (Flo), and benzo [g,h,i] perylene (BghiP) were selected to analyze the relationship between PAH concentration and influencing factors. The stability and accuracy of the LUR models were quantitatively evaluated using leave-one-out cross-validation. We found that Ace and Flo models show good performance in the gaseous phase (Ace: adj. R2 = 0.14-0.82; Flo: adj. R2 = 0.21-0.85), and the model performance of BghiP is better in the particle phase (adj. R2 = 0.20-0.42). Additionally, better model performance was observed in the heating season (adj R2 = 0.68-0.83) than in the non-heating (adj R2 = 0.23-0.76) and windy seasons (adj R2 = 0.37-0.59). Those gaseous PAHs were highly affected by traffic emissions, elevation, and latitude, whereas BghiP was affected by point sources. This study reveals the strong seasonal and phase dependence of PAH concentrations. Building separate LUR models in different phases and seasons improves the prediction accuracy of PAHs.

Solar light driven degradation of textile dye contaminants for wastewater treatment – studies of novel polycationic selenide photocatalyst and process optimization by response surface methodology desirability factor

The unplanned anthropogenic activities and raced industrial revolution detrimentally causes serious threat to terrestrial and aquatic life. A high discharge of wastewater from industries using dyes affects living organisms and the environment. This paper presents studies on polycationic selenides (PCS) synthesized by hydrothermal methods for photocatalytic degradation of dyes. The synthesized PCS were confirmed by various characterization techniques such as FTIR, SEM, EDX, UV/Vis, and XRD. The FTIR spectra revealed characteristic band at 843, 548 cm−1, and 417 cm−1 due to the M − Se stretching and intrinsic stretching vibrations, respectively. The optical bandgap of polycationic selenide lies in the visible light region (2.36 eV). The SEM images showed that PCS has a spherical shape with an average crystallite size of 29.23 nm calculated from XRD data using Scherer's equation. The PCS has a point of zero charge (PZC) at pH 7. The efficiency of synthesized PCS photocatalyst was confirmed in terms of its activity towards Eosin (EY) and Crystal violet (CV) dyes mineralization. The photocatalytic degradation for EY and CV dyes at optimum conditions was 99.47% and 99.31% and followed second order reactions kinetics with 1.4314 and 0.551 rate constant, respectively. The polynomial quadratic model is the best-fitted response surface methodology (RSM) model having a maximum desirability factors value and significant terms, with R2 (0.9994) and adj R2 values (1.0).

Development of Psoriasis Assessment Tools Among Patients in the CorEvitas Psoriasis Registry.

Dermatologists would benefit from an easy to use psoriasis severity assessment tool in the clinic. To develop psoriasis assessment tools to predict PASI and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) using simple measures typically collected in clinical practice. Data included 33605 dermatology visits among plaque psoriasis patients enrolled in the CorEvitas Psoriasis Registry (4/15/15-7/11/20). Performance (adjusted coefficient of determination [R2 adj], root mean square error [RMSE]) in predicting PASI and DLQI was assessed for 16 different linear regression models (specified a priori based on combinations of BSA, Investigator's Global Assessment [IGA], itch, skin pain, patient global assessment, age, sex, BMI, comorbidity index, prior biologic use), and 2 stepwise selection models and 1 elastic net model based on 56 available variables. For each prediction model, concordance (sensitivity, specificity) of predicted PASI75, PASI90 and DLQI 0/1 with observed values was evaluated. Mean (SD) age, BSA, and PASI were 51 (14) years, 6 (11), and 4 (6), respectively; 46% were women, and 87% were biologic experienced. A model predicting PASI using BSA plus IGA performed best among a priori specified models (R2 adj = .72, RMSE = 2.93) and only marginally worse than models including additional variables (R2 adj range .64-.74, RMSE range 2.82-3.36). Models including IGA had the best concordance between predicted and observed PASI75 (sensitivity range 83-85%, specificity range 88-91%) and PASI90 (sensitivity range 76-82%, specificity range 94-98%). DLQI prediction was limited. An assessment tool for psoriasis including BSA and IGA may be an ideal option to predict PASI in a clinic setting.

A robust rationally designed multinarydouble perovskites microplates as an efficient visible-light photocatalyst

Rationally designed perovskite structured, multinary oxides having two or more different cations combinations diversify its photocatalytic applications. In current study Rhombohedral structured rationally designed visible light-responsive double perovskites (DPOs) were produced by hydrothermal method. The synthesized perovskites were confirmed by various characterizations techniques. The average crystallite size of the DPOs was found 25 nm calculated from XRD data using Scherer's equation. The EDX images confirmed the elemental composition of the synthesized material. The morphology of the DPOs was smooth, uniform and well organized as regular microplate form as seen in the SEM images. The average length of DPOs was 5.52 μm and the band gap was 2.03 eV, lies in the visible range. The BET results showed that the DPOs had a high specific surface area of 389 m²/g . The point of zero charge of the synthesized materials lies in the basic region at pH 8. The DPOs microplates showed 97% degradation of crystal violet (CV) at optimum conditions of pH 12, 50 ppm initial dye concentration, 0.6 g/L DPOs dosage within 20 min of irradiation contact time, following 2nd order kinetics with 0.9822, R2 value. The ANOVA confirmed that the polynomial quadratic model is best fitted model having high R2, R2 adj, and R2 pred values. In conclusion, the DPOs (Na2FeCoSeNaO6) are the most suitable and efficient entrant as a photocatalyst for dyes eradications.

The relationship between return on investment and Jordanian banks value

Bank stakeholders such as investors, creditors, and other stakeholders of a bank, expect full disclosure to evaluate banks’ financial statements. To achieve this goal, bank managers can increase the value of a bank by enhancing the return on their investments. This study examines the impact of financial performance on the market value of Jordanian public shareholding banks. The study model examines the effect of return on investment (ROI), debt ratio, dividend policy, and current ratio while controlling for bank size. Bank value is measured using the market value. The sample is Jordanian banks listed on the Amman Stock Exchange between 2005 and 2020. To investigate the link between the study variables, the random effect model, panel least squares approach, correlation analysis, and descriptive measures are used. The findings indicate that banks own 3.025 JD from current assets for each JD from current liabilities. In addition, the debt ratio is 38.4% from total assets. Adj R2 for the study model is 22.1%. The results show that profitability, leverage, and bank size significantly affect the value of Jordanian banks, while dividend policy and liquidity do not have a significant impact.

The Effect of The Use of Debit Cards and Electronic Money (E-Money) on Public Consumption Expenditures in Pematangsiantar City

This study aims to determine the effect of the use of debit cards and electronic money (e-money) on public consumption expenditure of Pematangsiantar City. The population in this study are Pematangsiantar City people who have debit cards and electronic money (e-money). The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling technique. The number of samples is 100 respondents. This study uses primary data obtained from a questionnaire and then analyzed by multiple linear regression. Based on the results of the t test (partial), there is a significant influence between the use of a debit card on the consumption expenditure of Pematangsiantar City. Furthermore, the use of electronic money (e-money) has a significant effect on the consumption expenditure of the Pematangsiantar City community. Based on the test results of the coefficient of determination (Adj R2), the value was 0.638 (63.8%). This shows that the variations in consumption expenditure of Pematangsiantar City can be explained by debit cards and electronic money. While the remaining 36.2% is explained by other factors not included in this study. This is because non-cash payments are easy to use and psychologically, it is easier for anyone to spend their money in cash than in cash. The results of this study indicate that the people of Pematangsiantar City are consumptive, especially those under 40 years of age. There is a need for increased socialization regarding non-cash transactions, because it cannot be denied that in the Pematangsiantar City area there are still some people who do not quite understand non-cash transactions, especially those aged 40 years and over.&#x0D; Keywords: e-Money; debit cards; public consumption

Go-Jek business customers service quality significant efectifly to customer satisfaction in pematangsiantar region (case study of Simalungun University students)

The research objective was to analyze the effect of tangible evidence, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy on GO-JEK customer satisfaction. The method used is the quantitative method, the sampling technique with the purposive sampling method. There are 100 students of Simalungun University who have used the Go-Ride service of PT. GO-JEK more than 2 times. The test used with multiple linear regression analysis, t test, F test and determination coefficient test ( Adj R2). According to the t test results obtained Tangible has a significant effect on costumer satisfaction in GO-JEK transportation service business with tcount &gt; ttable of 2.018 &gt; 1.985, reliability has a significant effect on customer satisfaction in the GO-JEK transportation service business with tcount &gt; ttable of 2.293 &gt; 1.985, responsiveness is has significant effect on customer satisfaction in the GO-JEK transportation service business with tcount tcount &lt; ttable of 2.172 &gt; 1.985, Assurance or guarantee have effect on customer satisfaction in GO-JEK transportation service business with tcount &lt; ttable of 2.498 &gt; 1.985, and empathy has significant effect on consumer satisfaction in the business GO-JEK transportation services with tcount &lt; ttable of 2.150 &gt; 1.985, determination test R2 = 0.537 which means explaining the magnitude of the influence of tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy on customer satisfaction is 53.7% and the remaining 46.3% is explained by other variables.&#x0D; Keywords: Customer satisfaction; customers service; Go-Jek

Abstract P5-06-02: Circulating tumor cells in metastatic breast cancer highlight potential role of copy number evolution in late-stage cancer mutational profile

Abstract Background: Structural variation is a hallmark of breast cancer. Previous single-cell genomic analysis of 10 untreated early-stage primary TNBC tumors identified only one or two subclones per tumor, found that copy number variation (CNV) occurs early in the evolution of the tumor, and asserted that CNV changes do not contribute to genomic variation at later time points of a tumor’s growth. This PCNE model (punctuated copy number evolution) is analogous to the big-bang theory of colorectal cancer. However, cancer exists in a dynamic environment, and systemic chemotherapy provides evolutionary pressure, making stasis quite unlikely. An investigation of late-stage cancers could shed light on CNV evolution. Methods: We performed a longitudinal, prospective observational study of over 130 patients with metastatic breast cancer, with regular follow-up and detailed treatment histories. CTCs were enumerated by CellSearch, and samples with &amp;gt;20 CTCs in 7.5ml of whole blood were further processed for single CTC isolation via DEPArray, single-cell library construction, and whole-genome sequencing. CNV counts for each cell were obtained using previously published binning methods (Ginkgo). Three mathematical models were used to evaluate the evolution of CNVs: a punctuated model, a gradual model, and a gradual-on-punctuated hybrid model. Results: In total, 150 patient-years of data were collected. Among samples with sufficient CTC counts for study inclusion, a total of nine patients and 376 cells were isolated for sequencing. A mean sequencing depth of 0.8× was achieved from each single cell. The degree of CNV heterogeneity varies from patient to patient. CNV changes occurred over time in a gradual manner on a background of punctuated changes. The adjusted R2 value for the punctuated model was 0.46, the adj R2 value for the gradual model was 0.76, and the hybrid model achieved an adj R2 of 0.99. Patient samples with large CNV heterogeneity across single cells tend to be from patients with longer treatment histories and from the last blood draw (i.e., the blood collection closest to patient’s point of death). We also identified multiple whole-genome duplication (WGD) events from the same patient, in contrast to previous findings that WGD events are usually early clonal events in most instances. Finally, X loss events are among the most frequent chromosomal aberrations identified in CTCs (in up to 80% of CTCs in some patients), which supports previous literature on the loss of the Barr body in hastening metastatic spread. Discussion and Conclusion: In contrast to the previous study, our findings support a gradual-on-punctuated hybrid model, and this model can explain how copy number changes can be a source from which tumors gain resistance to systemic therapies. The model explains how CNV heterogeneities are seen in patients with longer treatment histories, suggesting that CNV continues to be a source of genetic variation at the metastatic stage of the disease course. Citation Format: Weelic Chong, Rui Luo, Zhenchao Zhang, Maysa Abu-Khalaf, Daniel Silver, Frederick Fellin, Rebecca Jaslow, AnaMaria Lopez, Terrence Cescon, Ronald Myers, Mariel Becker, Qiang Wei, Bingshan Li, Chun Wang, Hushan Yang. Circulating tumor cells in metastatic breast cancer highlight potential role of copy number evolution in late-stage cancer mutational profile [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-06-02.

Entrepreneurial Aspiration: An Empirical Analysis of the Role of Achievement Striving Behavior, Personal Growth Initiative &amp; Goal Setting

Fostering entrepreneurial aspiration of the vibrant segment of a nation's population is quite strategic during global economic inconsistencies. Thriving economies explore the human capital in business faculties to bring about entrepreneurial revolution. Hence, this study investigated the entrepreneurial aspiration of business faculties' graduates, focusing on the contributions of Achievement striving, personal growth initiative and goal-setting. Correlational research design was adopted because the researchers were only interested in knowing the influence of the predictor variables on the criterion measure without necessarily manipulating any of the variables. Non-proportional stratified and simple random sampling techniques were employed to select three hundred respondents from business faculties of three public universities in South-West Nigeria. Four self-report scales (Entrepreneur Aspiration Scale: R= 0.87; Achievement striving scale: R=0.78; Personal Growth Initiative Scale: R= 0.741 and Goal Commitment scale: R= 0.82) were used to generate data while two hypotheses were raised and tested at 0.05 level of significance using multiple regression and Pearson product moment correlation statistics. The findings revealed that Achievement striving (β = .493; t = 5.843; p<.01) significantly and independently predicted entrepreneurial aspiration of graduate students in business faculties. Also, personal growth initiative (β=.005; t =0.035; p>.05) and Goal setting (β = .040; t=0.266; p>.05) did not significantly and independently predict entrepreneurial aspiration. This implies that achievement striving is the most influential predictor of entrepreneurial Aspiration, while personal growth initiative and goal setting did not significantly predict entrepreneurial aspiration respectively. The finding further revealed that all the independent variables (Achievement striving behavior, Personal growth initiative and Goal setting) significantly and jointly influenced dependent variable (F(3,280)= 11.426; R2 = .244; Adj R2 = .223; p<.001), accounted for 22.3% of the variance in entrepreneurial aspiration. Based on the findings of the study, some fundamental implications were drawn, such that the employers of labor and Human Resource practitioners should ensure that Achievement Striving behavior be fostered and also be part of indicators for personnel selection. Entrepreneurial mentoring programs should be established with successful entrepreneurs. In addition, academic activities that can make students to be enterprising, adventuresome and daring (such as discovery and problem-solving methods of instruction) should be embraced by teachers in the ivory towers.

Improved Model Estimates of Tree Debris Following Ice Storms

Planning to prepare for storms should involve the estimation of tree debris. This paper tested an improvement of a rapid estimation model of tree debris following ice storms. An initial model found using 30-m resolution National Land Cover Database (NLCD) tree canopy cover (TCC) data did not significantly (P ≈ 0.20) improve estimation of tree debris within a community right-of-way (ROW) following an ice storm. We tested if finer resolution National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) TCC imagery (2-m resolution or better) could more accurately predict tree debris after an ice storm. Tree canopy cover was estimated with NAIP across the entire community (TCCCITY) and also the area that only covered the ROW plus a 15.24-m (50-foot) buffer on each side (TCCROW). The TCCCITY (P = 0.08) estimate marginally improved tree debris prediction in the overall multiple regression model (R2 adj = 0.917; F = 133.8; df = 3,33), but this was not the case with the TCCROW (P = 0.66) estimate. The TCCCITY estimate was 34.7% (SEM = 2.0) and significantly (P &lt; 0.001) 2 times greater than in the 16.2% (SEM = 2.2) TCC estimate from NLCD imagery. We found the TCCROW was 32.6% (SEM = 1.6) and significantly lower (P = 0.003) than in TCCCITY. Results from this study may improve the overall ability to predict tree debris following ice storms from the regional models currently used to a more local estimate for a city. Future investigations are needed to determine if this is the case.

Abstract P331: Higher Allostatic Load Score is Associated With Early Cardiovascular Risk in Young South Africans. The AfricanPREDICT Study

Background: The Allostatic load score (ALS) is a composite score that measures the cumulative physiological burden of sustained exposure to stress and biological dysregulation. ALS has markers capture risk in 4 domains (neuro-endocrine, metabolic, cardiovascular, and immunological). Higher ALS in adults predict cardiovascular disease (CVD), but it is unknown whether ALS is associated with CVD risk in youth and young adults (YA), and whether the risk and association would differ at such an early age. Aims: In youth and YA we compared 1) the total ALS; 2) the cardiovascular profile according to high and low ALS; and 3) the association of ALS with markers of CVD. Methods: Participants in the African PRospective study on the Early Detection and Identification of Cardiovascular disease and HyperTension (AfricanPREDICT) were 587 youth&lt;24years (48% Male, 21±2 years) and 579 YA≥24years (49% Male, 27±2 years) were evaluated. The ALS was calculated from fasting biomarkers using the upper quartile population distribution of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), cortisol, interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (hsCRP), BMI, systolic-BP, diastolic-BP, and lower quartile of HDL-cholesterol. The upper quartile of ALS in the whole population was defined as high ALS. Retinal vessel analyses, pulse wave velocity, and echocardiography were obtained and associations with ALS determined by regression analyses adjusted for sex, ethnicity, cotinine, gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT) and physical activity. Results: ALS median range was 1-8, and a high ALS of &gt;3 was observed in 35% of youth, and 47% YA. In youth with high ALS, ALS associated with narrower retinal arteries (Adj R 2 :0.16, β-coefficient, -1.73, (95%CI), -2.95, -0.94), P =0.052), greater pulse wave velocity (Adj R 2 :0.56, 0.75 (0.48, 1.98), P =0.021), increased left ventricular mass index (Adj R 2 :0.61, 2.21 (0.43, 8.46) P =0.048), lower left ventricular function (global longitudinal strain) (Adj R 2 :0.37, -0.45 (-1.06, -0.06) P =0.015). Similarly, in YA with high ALS, ALS associated with narrower retinal arteries (Adj R 2 :0.43, -4.54 (-6.58, -2.50), P &lt;0.001), greater pulse wave velocity (Adj R 2 :0.44, 0.62 (0.09, 1.17), P =0.043), increased left ventricular mass index (Adj R 2 :0.53, 2.62 (1.52, 5.76) P =0.032), lower diastolic function (E/A ratio) (Adj R 2 :0.27, -0.11 (-0.18, -0.04) P =0.002). Conclusion: Youth and YA with high ALS had a more adverse CVD risk profile and greater association with markers of cardiovascular aging compared to their low ALS counterparts. ALS and allostatic dysregulation should be evaluated in youth and YA, when assessing current and future cardiovascular risk.