Quota Students Research Articles

Universidade Pública e Inclusão Social: As Cotas para Autodeclarados Negros na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

A implementação de cotas raciais nas universidades públicas brasileiras é um processo recente e ainda em avaliação. Com o objetivo de analisar como essa experiência está ocorrendo, especialmente em sua efetividade enquanto ação inclusiva, realizou-se uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa, de caráter exploratório e descritivo, na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Os instrumentos utilizados, analisados por meio de triangulação, foram entrevistas com servidores e alunos, participação em diversas atividades institucionais e documentos. Os resultados indicam que a inclusão dos cotistas efetiva-se gradativamente na inserção no mundo do trabalho e nas dimensões acadêmicas da pesquisa e da extensão. Entre os aspectos que merecem maior atenção estão a visibilidade dada aos cotistas e a efetiva integração destes na instituição de ensino em todos os seus segmentos. PALAVRAS-CHAVEAções afirmativas, inclusão social, políticas públicas, sistema de cotas, universidade. ABSTRACT The implementation of racial quotas in Brazilian public universities is a recent process still under evaluation. In order to analyze how this experience has been realized, particularly in its success as an inclusive action, a quali-quantitative research of an exploratory and descriptive character was carried out, at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. The research instruments used were interviews with the staff and the students, attendance to many institutional activities and documentary sources, all analyzed through triangulation. The results indicate that the inclusion of quota students is gradually actualized in their placement in the job market and in the academic realms of research and public outreach. Among the aspects that deserve further attention are the visibility given to these students and their effective integration into the institution in all its segments. KEYWORDS Inclusive action, quota system, social inclusion, public policies, university.

Política afirmativa racial: polêmicas e processos de identidade do cotista universitário

Trata-se de um estudo de caso cujo objetivo foi investigar a afetividade intergrupal com base na implantação de política afirmativa para o ingresso de negros nas universidades públicas. O enfoque teórico foi o da Socionomia e o contexto foi a Universidade de Brasília. Os sujeitos foram 5 estudantes e 5 integrantes de uma ong. Os instrumentos foram um sociodrama e entrevistas semi-estruturadas. A autocobrança para excelente desempenho acadêmico, por parte dos cotistas e do estudante negro, foi uma das atitudes mais presentes, na busca de saída para a discriminação vivida ou sentida no processo inclusivo. A dinâmica afetiva dos estudantes universalistas foi a indiferença e o descaso ou desqualificação em relação às causas raciais. Concluímos que um projeto de inclusão racial efetiva depende de uma intervenção psicossocial multidisciplinar voltada para as redes sociométricas visando à flexibilização da identidade, o diálogo empático, a solidariedade entre os estudantes.

Clinical training in the Top End: impact of the Northern Territory Clinical School, Australia, on the Territory's health workforce

The Northern Territory Clinical School (NTCS), a teaching site of the Flinders University School of Medicine, was established in Darwin, Northern Territory (NT; 1997) in response to a need for regional clinical training. An enrolment quota of NT resident, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students was implemented to encourage the recruitment of local applicants to the medical program. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of the NTCS and the quota program on the NT health workforce at the intern and junior doctor levels. A database was constructed to compile the training location, quota participation, place of internship, and NT medical registration of 452 Flinders School of Medicine graduates (1999-2005). Statistical analysis of de-identified data yielded outcomes regarding length of placement in the NT, internship state, and registration by the NT medical board. Students enrolled with the NTCS elected to spend significantly more time in the NT during their final year of medical school than non-NTCS Flinders University students (16.7 +/- 7.9 weeks vs 1.9 +/- 3.9 weeks; p<0.01). Quota students undertook longer NT placements than their non-quota NTCS peers (20.4 +/- 8.9 weeks vs 15.3 +/- 6.9 weeks; p<0.05). A significant proportion (54%) of NTCS alumni completed their internship training in the NT, and NTCS students were more than 10 times more likely to spend their intern year in the NT than non-NTCS Flinders graduates. Of the quota cohort, 70% chose an internship position at NT hospitals. Likewise, NTCS students were more than 10 times as likely to have current or expired registration on the NT medical register as other Flinders School of Medicine graduates. The NTCS has trained over 140 medical students, many of which have joined the NT health workforce as interns and junior doctors. The quota program has been an effective method of enlisting local students who express an interest in living and studying in the NT. Current studies are underway to assess the impact of NTCS recruitment and training strategies on the regional workforce shortage. This preliminary data supports the concept that 'training locals locally' has had positive outcomes for the NT health workforce.

EFFECTIVE FACTORS ON STUDENTS' ACADEMIC ATTRITION IN LORESTAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES

Background and purpose: The aim of this research is to determine the factors contributing to academic attrition among day – course students of Lorestan university of medical sciences. Methods: In this case – control study all the day – course students who had at least one semester of an average mark under 12 in academic year 2000-2001 were chosen and then the same number of students with an average mark over 15 were selected randomly as control group. Results: Data gathered using GHQ questionnaire for measurement of mental health and study satisfaction questionnaire, as well as variables such as average mark, family economic status and their study files information which are saved in computer were used too. Of all students participated in this study, 41 students had been failed during last year, including 24 females (58.54%) and 17 males (41.46%) considering the proportion of female and male students, academic attrition in male students (6.69%), in comparison with female students, (3.66%) is higher. From viewpoint of age, it was determined that there were a negative correlation between age and average mark (r= -0.49). Analysis of results showed that there exist relationship between marital status and academic attrition (p<0.05), but no relation found between accommodation place (dormitory and non - dormitory) and academic attrition. From 41 failed students, 16 cases (40%) were students of medicine and the least rate of academic attrition related to student of anesthesia. There was a significant difference between case and control groups from viewpoint of anxiety (p<0.05). Results indicate that failure rate is observed more among Shahed quota students. No significant relationship was there between satisfaction from field of study and average mark. And between socio – economic level and academic attrition there was 0.18 correlation. Conclusion: Regarding the above mentioned results, academic attrition in students is a multi–factorial phenomenon and different factors such as students’ mental health during study in university must be taken into account, and also it is suggested to exert age limitation from certain fields of study such medicine because results of this study showed that there is a negative relation between age and academic attrition. Key words: ACADEMIC ATTRITION, DAY – COURSE STUDENTS, LORESTAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES