Scale Questionnaire Research Articles

Effect of 8 weeks of cognitive behavioral therapy versus 8 weeks core stabilization training in the management of subjects with non-specific low back pain: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundPatients with chronic pain usually regard pain as a stressful situation. The literature revealed that chronic pain is associated with social and cognitive dysfunction. Recently, the literature started to support using cognitive behavioral therapy to reduce the effect of chronic nonspecific low back pain.ObjectivesThe study aimed to assess the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy versus core stabilization training in the treatment of subjects with non-specific chronic low back pain.MethodsNinety subjects were enrolled in the current study, with mean age (32.30 ± 4.38) and mean weight (72.27 ± 10.88). They were equally randomized into three equal groups A, B, and C using opaque envelopes and computer-generalized numbers. Group A received cognitive behavioral therapy plus traditional treatment, group B received a core stabilization training program plus traditional treatment, and group C received only traditional treatment. Visual Analog Scale, Fear Avoidance and Belief Questionnaire, and Oswestry Disability Index were used pre- and post-treatment to measure the outcomes in response to the treatment plans.ResultsStatistical analysis revealed that there was a significant decrease in the Visual Analog Scale, Fear Avoidance and Belief Questionnaire, and Oswestry Disability Index post-treatment compared with pre-treatment in group A (P < 0.001), group B (P < 0.001), and group C (P < 0.001). Also, the results revealed that there was a significant decrease in the Visual Analog Scale, Fear Avoidance and Belief Questionnaire work/lifestyle, and Oswestry Disability Index of group A compared with group B (P < 0.05) and group C (P < 0.001) and a significant decrease in outcome measures in group B compared with group C (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe results of the current study support the involvement of cognitive therapy in the management of chronic pain as it guides the patient to be aware of the underlying mechanism of chronic pain and the management maneuvers to overcome such pain. Also, the results provide credit to cognitive behavioral therapy in terms of long-term relief of chronic pain.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender clinical competence of physiotherapy students in Israel

BackgroundClinical competence encompasses attitudes, skills, and knowledge regarding diverse client groups. Appropriate clinical competence requires an understanding of the cultural context in which healthcare is delivered. In conservative countries such as Israel, there is a noticeable scarcity of information regarding the clinical competency of physiotherapy students (PTSs) in effectively treating lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) individuals. The objective of this study was to assess the level of LGBT clinical competence among PTSs in Israel.MethodsConducted through an anonymous online self-report survey, this study gathered personal and academic background information and self-reported data on previous LGBT education during undergraduate studies of PTSs. It utilized the Hebrew version of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Development of Clinical Skills Scale (LGBT-DOCSS) questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were computed for all outcome measures. The internal reliability of the LGBT-DOCSS was assessed. Total scores of the LGBT-DOCSS, along with scores in each of the three subscales (clinical preparedness, knowledge, and attitudes), were compared across different levels of religiosity and gender.ResultsThe sample comprised of 251 PTSs, with an average age of 25.57 ± 3.07 years (34.7% men, 65.3% women). All students reported a lack of LGBT community-related courses during their undergraduate studies. The translated Hebrew version demonstrated good internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha ranging from 0.65 to 0.83. The LGBT-DOCSS total score was 4.55 ± 0.61 out of 7, indicating a low level of clinical competency. The highest mean score was in the attitudes subscale (6.55 ± 0.87), which was significantly higher than the scores for the knowledge subscale (3.14 ± 1.46) and clinical preparedness subscale (3.36 ± 0.86). Religiousness was significantly associated with clinical preparedness and attitudes. Men exhibited higher self-reported levels of knowledge and clinical preparedness, albeit with more negative attitudes compare to women. Sexual orientation was significantly associated with clinical competency, with PTSs who identified as heterosexual demonstrating a lower level of clinical competency compared to participants who identified as non-heterosexual.ConclusionsIn Israel, PTSs demonstrated a low level of clinical competency in terms of self-reported knowledge and self-reported clinical preparedness but contrasting positive attitudes toward the LGBT community. Religiousness, gender and sexual orientation had a significant influence on competency levels.These preliminary findings highlight the urgent necessity to enhance the knowledge of PTSs regarding the LGBT community to improve their clinical competence.Trial registration NRNot applicable.

A quantitative study on emotional appetite, mindful eating, and risky behaviors in male substance use disorder patients

ABSTRACT Background and Objective To evaluate the emotional appetite, eating awareness and risky behaviors of patients with substance use disorder. Method A total of 292 individuals were enrolled in this study; 142 individuals with a substance use disorder and 150 healthy individuals. Our sample was male. The Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ), Emotional Appetite Questionnaire (EAQ) and Risky Behaviors Scale (RBS) were used. p < .05 was considered statistically significant. Results The results showed that the levels of smoking, emotional appetite, irregular eating habits, school dropout, antisocial behaviors and substance use increased in individuals with a substance use disorder (p < .05). In contrast, there was no significant difference in disinhibition, focus, eating control, eating discipline, mindfulness and interference values related to eating awareness (p > .05). Conclusions This study highlights the effects of substance use disorders on emotional eating and risk behaviors, but not mindful eating. However, more studies are needed.

Cloud accounting and the performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria

The current technological era of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR) and the realities of the COVID-19 pandemic brought about challenges and opportunities for DMBs; these challenges necessitated this study. The study examined empirically the relationship between cloud accounting and improved customer service delivery, which have effect in the financial performance of deposit money banks (DMBs). The study adopted cross-sectional survey research design. The structured Lickert scale questionnaire was raised from the objectives of the study and administered to the information technology and communication (ICT) unit of the sampled DMBs. The outcomes of the administered questionnaires were analyzed using the descriptive statistics and Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient. Results show that cloud accounting has a significant positive relationship with financial performance of DMBs. In addition, Information Technology Trust has a positively significant moderating effect on the relationship between cloud accounting and financial performance DMBs. Also, the study revealed that Visualized Transaction Reporting and Self-service Transaction Reporting have significant positive relationship with productivity and profitability of DMBs. In conclusion, cloud accounting significantly moves in the same direction as financial performance. Hence, the study recommends that banks should do more investment in cloud accounting technologies for improve customer service delivery in their operations, which will in the end boost financial performance.

Quality assurance of science and technology universities in Bangladesh: a catalyst for sustainable employment during the 4IR

Purpose This study aims to report the quality of Bangladesh's science and technology universities (STUs) in ensuring sustainable employment of graduates during the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) by assessing their vigilance in skill development activities and exploring students’ perspectives on the university. Design/methodology/approach This research used mixed methods: a close-ended five-point Likert scale questionnaire to understand students’ perspectives and a thematic analysis of the interviews of students, faculties, policymakers and relevant stakeholders. The data was collected through a random sampling method where 1,000 university students took part in the quantitative analysis along with other respondents for the qualitative portion. The analysis was done with a 99% confidence level and a 4.5% margin of error. Findings Bangladesh's STUs still have a long way to go to ensure quality education and generate sustainable employment for their graduates. The universities' preparation to comprehend the 4IR is not at the expected level. In addition, despite students' favourable perception of universities as providers of qualified labour, there is a significant mismatch between supply and demand. Research limitations/implications This research has some limitations regarding time and resources. Due to the limited number of responses from a few universities, this study's findings might only apply to some of the STUs of other countries. This study provided several recommendations for providing quality education to the STUs of Bangladesh. Practical implications The findings of this study indicate that there is still a crucial gap between the initiatives of STUs and the employment market, which prevents graduates from offering the necessary skills to achieve sustainable employment. The findings also support the idea of significant changes in the approach of these universities to address the mentioned issues. Social implications This study suggests collaboration among social actors, relevant stakeholders, STU authorities, education experts and government officials to ensure a demand-based curriculum for the students. The relevant stakeholders should come forward to ensure advanced technologies and internet connectivity in the STUs. Originality/value The data set used in this study is significantly large and varies in the number of institutions, departments and socioeconomic backgrounds of the students, faculties, policymakers and various stakeholders. Furthermore, the capacity of scientific and technology institutions to guarantee sustainable employment through quality assurance in education has also not been recently evaluated in Bangladesh.

Postprandial appetite responses to a pecan enriched meal: A randomized crossover trial

Longer-term pecan consumption has shown appetite-regulating effects as a part of a free-living diet, yet the physiologic appetite responses to a single pecan-containing meal are unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare the acute physiologic, subjective, and direct appetite responses of a pecan-containing meal to an energy- and macronutrient-matched control meal. This was an acute meal challenge study utilizing a double-blinded randomized crossover design with two periods. Participants were young, healthy adults (BMI: 22.9 ± 3.3 kg/m2, age: 22 ± 3 y) who consumed a meal containing either 68 g of pecans (PEC; 795 kcal) or an energy- and macronutrient-matched control meal (CON; 794 kcal) on separate testing days. At both testing visits, five postprandial blood draws, and visual analog scale (VAS) questionnaires (in-lab) were used to determine differences in peptide YY (PYY), ghrelin, and subjective appetite over a 4-h postprandial period. Participants also completed VAS questionnaires (at-home) and food records for the rest of the day after leaving the testing visits. Thirty-one out of thirty-two randomized participants completed the study. There was a greater overall postprandial PYY response (p < 0.001), and a greater suppression of postprandial ghrelin after time point 120 min (p < 0.001), with the PEC vs. CON meal. Further, there was a greater increase in subjective fullness (p = 0.001), and suppression of at-home overall appetite (p = 0.02), from time 240–780 min post-meal with PEC vs. CON meals. There were no differences in self-reported EI between meals or any other VAS measure. In conclusion, a pecan-containing breakfast shake produced more favorable physiologic and subjective improvements in appetite compared to an energy- and macronutrient-matched control meal. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05230212).

Is the fact of having been victims of childhood emotional abuse and/or neglect found in the aggressors’ history?

Background: Early exposure to trauma and stressors can hinder development and accumulate stress over one's lifetime, leading to adverse long-term outcomes. Objective: This study aims to investigate whether individuals exhibiting aggressive behavior may have been victims of emotional abuse and/or neglect during childhood. These experiences profoundly impact development, persisting into adulthood. Four hypotheses were formulated to guide the investigation. Methods: The sample comprised 615 Portuguese adults aged 18 and above. Data collection utilized various instruments including a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Impulsive and Premeditated Aggression Scale, the Life History of Aggression Scale, the Childhood Adversity History Questionnaire, the Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale, the Personality Inventory, and the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure. Results and Conclusions: The hypotheses were confirmed, indicating a positive correlation between childhood emotional abuse/neglect and adult aggressive behavior, emotional regulation challenges, elevated neuroticism, openness to experience, boldness, disinhibition, and meanness. Also, emotional regulation difficulties, personality traits, and psychopathy fully mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and impulsive/ premeditated aggression, as well as between a history of aggression and impulsive/ premeditated aggression.

P-601 Monitoring reproductive hormones during ovarian stimulation: performance and usability of a self-operated at-home urine test

Abstract Study question How effective and user-friendly is a non-invasive, patient-operated urine test (Kinder) in tracking reproductive hormone levels during ovarian stimulation (OS) treatment in an IVF cycle? Summary answer Urinary E1-3G correlates well with blood E2 levels and ovarian follicle development. Patients found it easy and stress-free to perform the urine test at home. What is known already Monitoring blood reproductive hormone levels during OS is a widely accepted practice to ensure the optimal ovarian response to gonadotropin treatment, timing of oocyte maturation triggering and mitigating hyperstimulation risk. However, conventional blood testing is invasive, necessitating patients to travel to clinics for blood sampling, adding to their overall burden. Previous studies have revealed a robust correlation between blood E2 levels, and its corresponding urinary metabolites E1-3G. Kinder is a portable device designed for quantifying urinary E1-3G, allowing patients to conduct tests in the privacy of their homes, and for many obviating the need to travel substantial distances for monitoring. Study design, size, duration This is a prospective, single-cohort, study of Caucasian patients (28-34 years), conducted at Fertility Specialists of Western Australia in Perth, Australia, where patients may travel vast distances for treatment. Twenty-five patients were enrolled from Aug 2022-Aug 2023, and performed home urine tests utilizing the Kinder device in parallel with clinic scheduled blood (ELISA) and ultrasound tests. The primary end point of the study was the correlation between urinary and blood reproductive hormone concentrations (E1-3G). Participants/materials, setting, methods Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients (CC) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for E1-3G and E2, and E1-3G/E2 and follicle development (total volume of ovarian follicles by ultrasound). To assess patient acceptability patient-reported outcomes (PRO) were assessed using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire. Further, patient-reported experiences (PRE) were evaluated through the System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire, along with assessing their likelihood to recommend Kinder to their friends or family undergoing IVF treatment. Main results and the role of chance Upon analysing 100 concurrent urine and blood samples from 25 patients, a robust correlation was found between E1-3G and E2 levels (Spearman CC: 0.818, 95% CI: 0.680-0.904; Pearson CC: 0.847, 95% CI: 0.712-0.939). Additionally, we observed a moderate correlation between E1-3G levels and ovarian volume (Spearman CC: 0.701, 95% CI: 0.556-0.805; Pearson CC: 0.670, 95% CI: 0.519-0.781, n = 72), resembled the correlation between E2 levels and ovarian volume (Spearman CC: 0.874, 95% CI: 0.804-0.920; Pearson CC: 0.849, 95% CI: 0.770-0.902, n = 75). PRE: 22 out of 23 patients who completed the survey confirmed that they would definitely, or probably, recommend Kinder. The mean SUS score (91.4) signified an excellent user experience. PRO: Anxiety levels were not affected by use of Kinder (STAI score below threshold of 42.38) in 18/20 patients who completed three STAI surveys (first one before and second one after the initial Kinder test; third one after the third/fourth Kinder test). Although 2/20 patients reported a STAI score of 49 in the final survey, suggesting increased anxiety, both affirmed in the PRE survey that they “will definitely recommend Kinder”, suggesting that the elevated STAI score can be attributed to the overall IVF treatment rather than the use of Kinder itself. Limitations, reasons for caution The sample size is relatively small, necessitating further multi-centre studies with a larger sample size to validate the findings. Wider implications of the findings The results suggest an acceptable interchangeability between at-home urine E1-3G and at-clinic blood E2 monitoring hormone levels during OS treatment. A digital health approach, combining tele-counselling, remote at-home hormone monitoring, and follicle tracking, could reduce patient burden and save many patients the inconvenience of travelling large distances for cycle monitoring. Trial registration number ACTRN12622000488707

P-460 Study on the current status and influencing factors of emotional suppression in women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer

Abstract Study question Exploring the Current Levels of Emotional Suppression in Women Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization-Embryo Transfer and Analyzing its Influencing Factors. Summary answer Factors influencing emotional suppression in infertile women: residence, treatment costs, infertility causes, miscarriage history, personality type, marital adjustment, self-pity, and medical coping. What is known already Emotional suppression refers to the conscious suppression of negative emotional expression and the behavior of hiding negative emotions. Emotional suppression often hides beneath a cheerful exterior and isn’t easily detected by medical professionals. If left unchecked, it can easily lead to the breakdown of a patient’s psychological defenses. Long-term emotional suppression can result in severe anxiety and depression. Clinical studies have found that couples seeking in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment exhibit significant levels of stress, depression, and anxiety, which often indicate poor pregnancy outcomes. it’s necessary to understand the levels of emotional suppression and influencing factors in women undergoing IVF-ET. Study design, size, duration Cross-sectional survey was conducted in Hunan Province from May 1, 2023, to September 30, using a random sampling method to select a reproductive specialized hospital According to Sun’s book “Medical Statistics” (2014), the sample size for a multifactorial study should be 10-20 times the number of variables. With 36 variables in this study and accounting for a 10% rate of invalid questionnaires, the required sample size was 396-792. 810 questionnaires were distributed, and 791 were collected. Participants/materials, setting, methods Inclusion criteria: Infertility diagnosed per WHO standards; Eligible for assisted pregnancy via IVF-ET and enrolled in a cycle. Exclusion criteria:History of mental illness or psychiatric disorders;Hearing, visual, language impairments The surveys utilized in this study included the Emotional Suppression Scale, Locke-Wollance Marital Adjustment Questionnaire, Self-Pity Scale, and Medical Coping Style Questionnaire. Statistical analyses, such as descriptive analysis, t-tests, analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis, were conducted using SPSS 26. Main results and the role of chance The average emotional suppression score of 791 women undergoing IVF-ET was 27.97±6.39. Correlation analysis indicated a negative relationship between emotional suppression and marital adaptation, self-pity, and medical coping styles, while a positive association was observed with the production dimension of medical coping styles. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that factors such as place of residence, infertility cost, infertility factors, history of miscarriage, personality type, marital adaptation, self-pity, and confrontation and yielding dimensions of medical coping styles significantly influenced emotional suppression in women. The independent variables in the regression equation explained 50.1% of the variance in emotional suppression and the equation was statistically significant. Women exhibited a moderate level of emotional suppression, with the emotional camouflage dimension scoring the highest. Healthcare professionals need to assess emotional suppression in patients and provide personalized psychological counseling interventions. Encouraging positive coping strategies, involving patients in treatment decisions, providing education, and facilitating communication with successful pregnancy cases can help patients face their condition more effectively. Mindfulness interventions and meditation can also be recommended to enhance self-compassion and acceptance. Additionally, comprehensive health education for both patients and their partners, promoting open emotional communication, and fostering mutual support can contribute to reducing emotional suppression in infertility patients. Limitations, reasons for caution This study is a cross-sectional survey. Future research could adopt a longitudinal design to further explore the levels of emotional suppression in women at different stages. This study only investigated women in Hunan Province, which may introduce bias. The emotional suppression levels of infertile couples across China could be investigated. Wider implications of the findings Medical professionals should prioritize addressing the emotional distress of introverted women residing in rural areas, who have spent over 10,000 yuan, undergone three or more abortions, and are experiencing female-factor infertility. Patients can be encouraged to adopt positive coping mechanisms by enhancing their self-compassion levels and adjusting their marital relationships. Trial registration number 2023372

Effectiveness of a mobile application for independent computerized cognitive training in patients with mild cognitive impairment: study protocol for the NeNaE Study, a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundMild cognitive impairment (MCI) involves cognitive decline beyond typical age-related changes, but without significant daily activity disruption. It can encompass various cognitive domains as the causes of MCI are diverse. MCI as well as frequent comorbid neuropsychiatric conditions like depression and anxiety affect individuals’ quality of life. Early interventions are essential, and computerized cognitive training (cCT) is an established treatment method. This paper presents the protocol for the NeuroNation MED Effectiveness Study, evaluating the self-administered mobile cCT intervention (“NeuroNation MED”) in individuals with MCI to assess training effects on cognitive domains, health competence, neuropsychiatric symptoms, psychological well-being, and the general application usability.MethodsThis study protocol presents a single-blinded multicenter randomized controlled trial that will be carried out in six study centers in Germany and Luxembourg. We included adults with MCI (existing F06.7 ICD-10-GM diagnosis and TICS ≥ 21 and ≤ 32). The intervention group will use a mobile, multi-domain cCT (“NeuroNation MED”) for 12 weeks. Meanwhile, the wait list control group will receive standard medical care or no care. The eligibility of volunteers will be determined through a telephone screening. After completion of the baseline examination, patients will be randomly assigned to one of the experimental conditions in a 2:1 ratio. In total, 286 participants will be included in this study. The primary outcome is the change of cognitive performance measured by the index score of the screening module of the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery. Secondary outcomes are changes in the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Health-49, Health Literacy Questionnaire, among others. All of the primary and secondary outcomes will be assessed at baseline and after the 12-week post-allocation period. Furthermore, the intervention group will undergo an assessment of the System Usability Scale, and the training data of the NeuroNation MED application will be analyzed.DiscussionThis study aims to assess the effectiveness of a mobile self-administered cCT in enhancing cognitive abilities among individuals diagnosed with MCI. Should the findings confirm the effectiveness of the NeuroNation MED app, it may confer possible benefits for the care management of patients with MCI, owing to the accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and home-based setting it provides. Specifically, the cCT program could provide patients with personalized cognitive training, educational resources, and relaxation techniques, enabling participants to independently engage in cognitive training sessions at home without further supervision.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register DRKS00025133. Registered on November 5, 2021.

Barbed Expansion Sphincter Pharyngoplasty (BESP) for the Treatment of OSA. “A Step Ahead”

Abstract Background expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty is one of the newly introduced techniques for treating OSA in the last 20 years that showed promising results by increasing the lateral dimensions of the oropharynx by pulling the lateral pharyngeal wall and anchoring it to the pterygomandibular raphe, the paper study the efficacy of performing the procedure using the barbed suture on moderate to severe OSA. Methods Twelve patients with moderate to severe OSA due to oropharyngeal collapse according to VOTE classification after DISE were assigned to the study. Pre- and post-operative Epworth sleepiness scale questionnaire was completed, Pre- and post-operative polysomnography was performed as an objective measurement, all patients underwent BESP and the duration, post- operative complications, and pain records were plotted. Results The technique was confirmed to be feasible with a success rate of 91.7%, with reduction of median AHI from (38.75 to 8.7 event/hour) and reduction of the mean ESS from (20.83 to 5.67) and mean ODI (37.62 to 9.38). Conclusion The barbed expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty is an effective technique for treating obstructive sleep apnea in patients with retropalatal and oropharyngeal collapse.

Опросник академической компетентности студентов

&lt;p&gt;The results of the development and standardization of an academic competence questionnaire are presented. The method is based on the understanding of academic competence as a complex of independently developed personal qualities, abilities and skills that ensure the success of educational activities in conditions of its variability during higher education. The theoretical model includes 6 structural and content components (academic motivation, self-organization of educational activities, emotional self-regulation, skills and abilities to work with information, proficiency in oral and written language, communication skills), presented at 3 levels of generality and freedom of transformation (reproductive, reflective, functional). Based on the results of Study 1 (N=199), the preliminary version of the questionnaire was reduced from 144 to 69 items. Comparing the results of successful and unsuccessful students confirmed predictive validity. External criterion validity using the contrast group method is based on comparison of groups of undergraduate and graduate students, correlations with self-organization and academic motivation questionnaires (AMS). Study 2 (N=355) demonstrated a relatively acceptable fit of the data to the theoretical model based on confirmatory factor analysis, consistency with educational experience questionnaire scales. The internal consistency of the scales was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha indicators based on data from studies 1 and 2. Descriptive statistics for Study 2 are provided. Standardization is proposed based on percentile values, because the distributions of values for most scales differ significantly from normal.&lt;/p&gt;

The Effect of Stress on the Occurance of Dysmenorrhea

Adolescence is a period of “storm and stress”, a time when emotional tension increases due to physical and glandular changes that make adolescents very sensitive and prone to stress. Stress management is also one of the efforts to overcome dysmenorrhea because stress factors can reduce a person's pain resistance. This study aims to determine the effect of stress on the incidence of dysmenorrhea. This study was an observational analytic study using a cross-sectional approach. The study population was seventh and eighth grade students of Junior High School Ngariboyo, totaling 179 female students. Sampling using the Slovin sample size formula, samples were taken using simple random sampling technique with a minimum sample size of 124 female students. The independent variable was stress, while the dependent variable was dysmenorrhea. Data were collected using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42) questionnaire, and the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Data were processed and analyzed using Ordinal Regression test. The results showed that there were 49 female students who had moderate stress and 53 female students who experienced moderate dysmenorrhea pain. The results of the Ordinal Regression test showed the effect of stress on the occurance of dysmenorrhea p-value = 0.017. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence between stress and the incidence of dysmenorrhea in seventh and eighth grade students of Junior High School Ngariboyo. It is expected that female students can increase their knowledge in managing themselves early on in stress management towards the occurance of dysmenorrhea.

Anxiety and sleep quality in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis: multiple mediating roles of hope and family function

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to examine the extent of sleep quality among individuals undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and to scrutinize whether hope and family function serve as mediators in the association between anxiety and sleep quality in this cohort. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 227 patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis from two tertiary hospitals in Wuhan. Participants completed several self-report questionnaires, including the Sociodemographic questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Athens Insomnia Scale, Herth Hope Index, and Family APGAR Index. As per the findings of the chain mediation analysis, it was observed that the sleep quality scores were directly predicted by anxiety. Moreover, anxiety positively predicted sleep quality scores through hope and family function as mediators. The observed types of mediation were partial mediation. The total indirect effect value was 0.354, indicating the mediating effect of hope and family function, while the total effect value was 0.481, representing the overall effect of anxiety on sleep quality. The total effect size was 73.60% (0.354/0.481), indicating that the mediation accounted for a significant portion of the relationship. This study established the chain mediating effect of hope and family function between anxiety and sleep quality in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis. The findings highlight the importance of addressing anxiety and promoting hope and family function to improve sleep quality in this population. The findings suggest that healthcare professionals should be attentive to the anxiety levels of these patients and implement targeted interventions to help alleviate anxiety, enhance hope, and improve family functioning, with the ultimate goal of improving sleep quality in this population.

Osteoporosis knowledge and awareness among rheumatoid arthritis patients: A cross-sectional controlled study

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of knowledge and awareness of osteoporosis (OP) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients and methods: The cross-sectional study included 100 RA patients (26 males, 74 females; mean age: 51±11 years; range, 28 to 67 years) who had not been diagnosed with OP and a control group of 50 healthy subjects (16 males, 34 females; mean age: 53±11 years; range, 29 to 70 years) between February 2022 and June 2022. The demographic data of age, sex, and education level of all the participants were recorded. Disease duration and the drugs used were recorded for the RA patients. The revised Osteoporosis Knowledge Test and the Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale questionnaires were completed by the participants. Results: There was no significant difference determined between the RA patients and the control group in OP knowledge levels. A positive correlation was determined between education level and OP knowledge level and between disease duration and OP awareness level. RA patients with a family history of OP, those in the postmenopausal period, and those using biological disease-modifying drugs thought they were at risk of OP at a higher rate. Conclusion: While the levels of knowledge and awareness of OP were determined to be similar in the RA patients and the control group, the vast majority of RA patients did not know that they were at risk of developing OP. In addition, when the data obtained in this study are taken into consideration, there appears to be a need for health strategies such as educational programs and informing RA patients about OP.

Revenue Generation Trends through Sharing and Grants An Evidence from Baglung Municipality, Gandaki Province, Nepal

This paper assesses the trends of revenue generation through sharing and grants in Baglung Municipality from fiscal year 2018/19 to 2022/23. The data were gathered from a comprehensive review of financial reports, budgetary documents, revenue sharing agreements, and relevant records of the municipality, and from the opinions of the respondents using five-point Likert scale questionnaires, selecting 42 respondents from 14 wards of Baglung Municipality purposively. The obtained data were analyzed descriptively. The study shows variations in the revenue performance. This municipality has been found primarily dependent on value-added tax (VAT) revenue (54.18 % in an average), which regularly accounts for a sizable share of revenue sharing, even though revenue from real estate registration fees shows a constant increase and contributes to overall revenue sharing. Regarding grants, the allocation among different categories indicates a strong focus on equalization grants (covered 21.72 % in federal grant and 66.75 % in province grant in an average). Similarly, the study has found a turnover or new wave of representatives (69.0 % less than two years of involvement) within the local entity. The study result also indicates the multifaceted needs of the community, with a particularly strong focus on roads and water supply as per the responses of 59.5 % respondents. The current revenue sharing model promotes local development, and the distribution of revenue among different sectors is found effective. Finally, this study suggests strategies pertaining to revenue estimation methodologies, manpower planning initiatives, mitigation of risks associated with an overreliance on VAT, decisions based on needs, integration of community feedback, and diversification of revenue sources to foster long-term financial stability of this municipality.

Modification of eating habits and lifestyle during COVID-19 in university students from Mexico and Peru.

It was to evaluate changes in lifestyle habits and health behavior among university students in Peru and Mexico during periods of confinement associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify possible relationships between these changes and sociodemographic variables, health status, and technology consumption. It was a quantitative, observational, and cross-sectional study conducted among a population of 739 Mexican students and 305 Peruvian students, most of whom were women (n =778, 74.5%) and non-graduates (n =921, 88.2%). The questionnaire scale for changes in lifestyles during the quarantine period has been previously validated. The association between sociodemographic factors and dimensions of change in healthy lifestyles was evaluated, and it was shown that gender and country of residence were significant for all dimensions of healthy lifestyle (p < 0.05), except for the level of education, which did not show significance about the change in the dimensions of media consumption (p = 0.875) and physical activity (p = 0.239). Within the dimensions mentioned, it can be stated that women are more likely than men to change their eating habits (adjusted prevalences (aPR) = 1.08, p < 0.001), media consumption (aPR = 1.04, p < 0.001), and physical activity (aPR = 1.02, p < 0.001). Meanwhile, participants from Peru are more likely than participants from Mexico to change physical activity (aPR = 1.14, p < 0.001) and media consumption (aPR = 1.22, p < 0.001). Finally, graduate students were more likely than undergraduate students to change eating habits (aPR = 1.09, p = 0.005) and unhealthy habits (aPR = 1.06, p = 0.030). It was concluded that there were lifestyle changes in Mexican and Peruvian university students in their eating habits, physical activity, internet consumption, and food delivery.

Templer's death anxiety scale on the relationship between white coat hypertension and anxiety: A cross-sectional study.

The relationship between white coat hypertension (WCH) and anxiety remains not fully elucidated. This study aims to investigate the correlation between WCH and Templer's Death Anxiety Scale (T-DAS) questionnaire. Asymptomatic individuals with a familial history of sudden cardiac death or acute myocardial infarction within the last year, who presented at our cardiology outpatient clinic, were enrolled in this prospective, single-center, cross-sectional study. Among those with elevated blood pressure in the outpatient clinic setting, participants were categorized into normotensive and WCH groups through 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Demographic features, laboratory parameters, and T-DAS scores were documented. Logistic regression and sensitivity analyses were conducted to ascertain WCH occurrence. Among 324 consecutive participants, 90 were diagnosed with WCH. T-DAS scores were significantly elevated in the WCH subgroup, particularly among those seeking early medical attention following bereavement. Multivariable logistic regression highlighted gender, BMI, heart rate, T-DAS, and admission time as independent correlates of WCH. Significantly, T-DAS exhibited the third most substantial contribution to the regression analysis, following admission time and heart rate. The multivariable logistic regression analysis incorporating T-DAS exhibited high robustness, discrimination, fit, and calibration, with a Brier score of 0.106, adjusted R2 of 0.576, and C-statistic of 0.905 (95% CI: 0.871-0.940, p < 0.001). T-DAS, with a threshold of >8, demonstrated 48% sensitivity and 90% specificity in detecting WCH. Additionally, decision curve analysis verified that the model including T-DAS offers a net benefit in detecting WCH. This study unveils a potential association between WCH and death anxiety.

The use of herbal medicine in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disorders in Iran: a cross-sectional study

IntroductionThe use of complementary and alternative medicine, particularly herbal medicine, is increasing, especially in chronic disorders. This study aims to identify common herbal medicines used by patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and to investigate their relationship with the quality of life, disease severity, and levels of anxiety, stress, and depression experienced by these patients. MethodsA total of 104 eligible patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and in the middle years of life (20- 60 years old) participated in this cross-sectional study. Data collection was conducted using various assessment tools, i.e. a self-administered ethnomedicine questionnaire, Partial Mayo scoring index assessment, Crohn's disease activity index, Quality of Life Questionnaire, and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. ResultsThe findings of the present study revealed that 61.5% of the patients surveyed commonly used herbal medicine to alleviate their symptoms in the past year. Among the various herbs, Matricaria chamomilla L., Zataria multiflora Boiss., and Mentha Spicata L. were found to be most commonly used. Furthermore, a significant association was identified between herbal medicine use and age, Body Mass Index, marital status, level of education, alcohol consumption, Quality of Life, and severity disorder scores of the patients. ConclusionOur results suggested a significant association between herbal medicine use and lower severity disorder scores and higher quality of life in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease; nevertheless, these findings may not be generalizable to all patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease, or to patients in other geographical regions.

Longitudinal trajectories and associated risk factors of paternal mental illness in the nine years surrounding the transition to fatherhood

BackgroundThe arrival of one's first child is a known risk factor for mental illness, yet investigations on fathers' mental health are limited. We conducted a longitudinal investigation on paternal depression and anxiety in the nine years surrounding the transition to fatherhood. MethodsUsing a national cohort of French men (CONSTANCES, n = 6299), we investigated the prevalence and associated risk factors of mental illness amongst first-time fathers. Responses to the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) and 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) scales were used to identify clinically significant symptom scores. Self-declared mental illness was also reported by participants. Group-based modelling was used to identify latent trajectory groups for both measures. ResultsLevels of self-declared anxiety (averaging 4.9 % pre-fatherhood, 7.8 % post) exceeded that of depression (1.9 % pre- fatherhood, 3.3 % post) or other disorders. However, rates of clinically significant symptom scores (17–27 %) were consistently higher. Participants' mental health appeared to worsen from two-years prior to their child's arrival and improve from two-years after. We identified three trajectory groups for fathers' self-declared mental illness: Low stable (90.3 %); Low risk with high temporary increase (5.6 %); and Consistent high risk (4.1 %). Risk factors associated with worsening mental health trajectories were unemployment, not living with one's partner, having had adverse childhood experiences and foregoing healthcare due to financial reasons. LimitationsAll measures of mental illness relied on participant self-reports and are thus subject to bias. ConclusionsThis study reveals an important period of heightened psychological vulnerability amongst first-time fathers, emphasising the need for increased and better adapted paternal mental health screening.