Survey Questions Research Articles

Exploring parenthood intentions and perceptions of infertility and assisted reproductive technology among 2SLGBTQIA + young adults in Ontario, Canada: a mixed methods study

BackgroundAs Generation Z two-spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender/trans, queer, intersex, asexual and others who identify as part of sexual and gender diverse communities (2SLGBTQIA +) enter adulthood, contemplation of family creation may be challenged by biological and/or social infertility. Despite some advances in societal acceptance of gender and sexual minorities, family planning and reproductive healthcare remain heteronormative. To explore reproductive decision-making and how future families are conceptualized across genders, we evaluated perceptions of Ontario, Canada non-parenting, 2SLGBTQIA + emerging adults.MethodsAn online survey, designed as mixed-methods with sex-and-gender-based analysis (SGBA +), was used to recruit childless, post-secondary students, aged 18–30 years, in May–October 2022. Survey questions were analyzed by descriptive statistics across gender groups. Open-text responses were analyzed by thematic and content analysis.ResultsParenthood intentions, conceptualizations of future family and perceptions of ART were described by 286 2SLGBTQIA + individuals, who were primarily Caucasian, cis women (69.2%), identified as bisexual-pansexual (66.4%), and belonged to Generation Z (85%). Only 33.9% of the sample definitively wanted children, with 33.6% unsure, and 32.5% preferring to remain childless. Themes describing participants’ future family visions included: (i) committed partners are family, (ii) family includes children (subtheme: adoption/fostering as options for family creation), (iii) family values include love and acceptance, (iv) chosen families, and (v) families can be childfree. ART was acceptable in the event of future infertility, with two major themes used to describe perceived barriers to ART: (i) treatment is expensive; and (ii) I may face discrimination due to my gender identity/sexual orientation. Trans men were significantly more worried about healthcare access to have a biological child (86.7%; χ2(3):16.805 p < .001) than other genders.Conclusions2SLGBTQIA + respondents expanded the rigid, heteronormative nuclear family model to envision families comprised of partners, biological and adoptive/foster children, friends and chosen family. Participants across genders recognized systemic 2SLGBTQIA + discrimination, with transgender/trans respondents particularly concerned about barriers to reproductive healthcare. A better understanding of reproductive decision-making by 2SLGBTQIA + individuals can contribute to more equitable and inclusive ART healthcare.

Development and evaluation of an intervention designed to increase the prioritisation of health by professionals working in the private sector of urban development: study protocol

ABSTRACT The built environment is known to have a significant influence on population and planetary health, including the incidence of non-communicable disease, but evidence suggests that professionals in the land and development industries struggle to prioritise health and health equity when making urban development decisions amidst challenging structures and competing priorities. The aim of this study is to use a mixed-methods approach to develop, deliver, optimise, and evaluate an intervention for professionals working in the private sector of urban development to increase their intention to act on health and health equity where possible. This protocol describes four planned research activities that constitute this intervention’s development, delivery, and evaluation: 1) Intervention development using an iterative co-production process with non-academic industry partners using the Person-Based Approach and following Medical Research Council guidelines on the development of complex interventions; 2) Development of survey questions to assess intervention effectiveness; 3) Delivery and mixed-methods longitudinal evaluation of the intervention; and 4) Evaluation of the impact of co-production and delivery of the intervention with the project’s industry partners.

Public Xylazine Awareness and Support for Policies and Initiatives to Address the Xylazine Threat among US Adults

Objectives Xylazine, a nonopioid veterinary tranquilizer, is increasingly being added to the illicit opioid supply. When used by humans, xylazine can cause severe skin ulcers and extreme sedation. This study aimed to examine awareness of xylazine and support for policies/initiatives to address the xylazine threat among US adults. Methods An AmeriSpeak survey with US nationally representative adults aged 18 and older was administered in March 2024. Survey questions assessed awareness of xylazine and potential xylazine use, drug/opioid use history, and support for 10 policies/initiatives to address the xylazine threat (including a range of drug checking initiatives, wound care initiatives, punitive policies, harm reduction policies, and xylazine education campaigns). We conducted weighted descriptive and regression analysis of survey data from a nationally representative sample of 1215 US adults. Results Most respondents were not aware of xylazine (88%, n = 1063). Approximately 10% (n = 117) were aware of xylazine but had not used it, and around 2% (n = 23) were aware of xylazine and possibly had used it. On average, participants supported only 1.52 (SD = 2.41) of 10 listed policies/initiatives to address the xylazine threat. The number of policies/initiatives supported varied by xylazine awareness, gender, marital status, and drug use history. Conclusions Among the US public, xylazine awareness and support for policies/initiatives to address the xylazine threat are low. Public xylazine educational campaigns may be warranted to help the public understand the severity of the xylazine threat, garner support for associated policies/initiatives, and reduce xylazine-related harms.

Factors Affecting the Drought Preparedness in Somaliland

Somaliland, located in the Horn of Africa, has been increasingly vulnerable to recurring droughts over the past years, severely affecting its agricultural productivity, water resources, and overall resilience. Despite the rising frequency of these natural disasters, there is limited research on the factors influencing residents’ preparedness, which hinders effective disaster management efforts. The purpose of this study was to examine factors that influence the perceived effectiveness of Somaliland residents towards drought preparedness by utilizing an extended Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) approach. The latent variables that were considered in this study were Government Intervention, Drought Awareness, Environmental Awareness, Coping Appraisal, Threat Appraisal, Behavioral Intention, and Perceived Effectiveness. Two hundred fifty-four (254) people living in Somaliland from all regional areas willingly responded to the survey questions by utilizing a snowball sampling method. Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) showed that drought awareness and environmental awareness had significant effects on threat appraisal. In addition, environmental awareness also had a significant positive effect on coping appraisal. Finally, threat appraisal and coping appraisal had significant effects on behavioral intention, which subsequently led to perceived effectiveness. This study addresses a gap in academic research and disaster preparedness efforts in Somaliland by providing insights into the theoretical framework that can enhance the country’s preparedness for drought and other natural hazards.

Artificial Intelligence to Enhance Qualitative Research: Methodological Reflections on a Pilot Study

L’INTELLIGENZA ARTIFICIALE PER POTENZIARE LA RICERCA QUALITATIVA: RIFLESSIONI METODOLOGICHE SU UNO STUDIO PILOTA Abstract Qualitative analysis is essential in research across diverse fields, offering in-depth insights that often cannot be captured through quantitative methods. However, managing large volumes of qualitative data presents challenges, including its labour intensive nature and the potential for interpretive biases. In this study, we introduce and show a methodology step by step that integrates artificial intelligence (AI) in the analysis of qualitative data, with a focus on textual responses extracted from survey questions. Specifically, our approach employs AI techniques, utilizing Word2Vec for word embedding extraction and K-Means clustering to streamline the analysis of qualitative textual data, while ultimately integrating the researcher’s interpretation of the identified clusters to improve the relevance of the analysis. Moreover, the present article discusses the relevance and significance of this approach as well as its ethical and methodological challenges by means of an empirical illustration taken from a study on teachers’ sensemaking regarding a range of different educational activities.

"Assessing the Effect of a Mobile Application on Cancer Risk Health Literacy: A Cross-Sectional Study Design".

The "Cancer Risk Calculator" mobile application aims to inform patients about their personal risks of cancer and their risk factors influencingsaid risks. The present analysis examines the responses to a questionnaire submitted by oncology patients treated with radiotherapy or their family members. The primary objective was to determine the effectof the app on the user's awareness and potential habit changes related to cancer risk. Further, the study aimed to discern any relationships between respondent characteristics and their questionnaire responses. A total of 162 patients were included in the analysis. Each patient's dataset comprised gender, date of birth, entry date, respondent type, type of cancer, and responses to 12 application-related questions. Statistical methods such as multiple regression models were employed to identify any effects of the respondent's characteristics on their responses. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Responding to the survey questions, 67.1% of respondents found the application useful, and 63.4% reported learning something new. More than half (52.5%) indicated a willingness to change their habits based on the information provided. Respondents also indicated that they were surprised by the number of risk factors shaping their risks and the large influence of some of these risk factors. Variables such as breast cancer diagnosis (p=0.044) and age (p=0.049) influenced specific question responses. The "Cancer Risk Calculator" app appears to have a significant utility in educating its users about cancer risk and potentially influencing habit change.

Evaluation of Attitudes and Knowledge Levels of Olive Producers in the Application of Agricultural Pharmaceuticals (Mardin Province)

Olives are one of the essential nutrients in human nutrition and health, thanks to the vitamins they contain. There are many diseases, pests and weed species in olive gardens that cause a loss of productivity and quality of this important nutrient. Producers use different methods in plant protection practices to combat these existing pests. This study was conducted to determine the awareness levels of olive producers about plant protection practices in Derik district of Mardin province, where olive production was intense in 2020. For this purpose, the information collected through a 20-question survey method conducted face to face with a total of 90 producers in 15 villages through simple random sampling was evaluated on a percentage basis. According to the results of the current study, it was determined that the olive farmers had high education levels, and the majority of them had other non-agricultural incomes besides agriculture. Those engaged in olive cultivation consult plant protection dealerships and the provincial/district Directorate of Agriculture and Forestry in choosing plant protection products and adjusting their dosage. They stated that the brand and active ingredients are important features in the selection of chemical pesticides, and while they apply pesticides in advance for precautionary purposes without seeing the pests and diseases, they do not use the same pesticides against the same diseases and pests every year and apply the recommended dosage. Producers pay attention to the waiting time between the last spraying and harvest time due to the fact that chemical pesticides leave residues on the products, and they take protective measures for their own health during chemical pesticide application. In order to solve the plant protection problems faced by farmers in the agricultural field, cultural measures are generally applied along with chemical control. However, it is inevitable that chemicals will create many negative situations for human and environmental health over time. For this reason, it is important to carry out an effective, economical and environmentally friendly struggle using appropriate methods in plant protection practices in order to avoid being exposed to undesirable side effects.

A Mobile App-Based Gratitude Intervention's Effect on Mental Well-Being in University Students: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Gratitude interventions are used to cultivate a sense of gratitude for life and others. There have been mixed results of the efficacy of gratitude interventions' effect on psychological well-being with a variety of populations and methodologies. The objective of our study was to test the effectiveness of a gratitude intervention smartphone app on university students' psychological well-being. We used a randomized experimental design to test our objective. Participants were recruited undergraduate students from a web-based university study recruitment system. Participants completed 90 web-based survey questions on their emotional well-being and personality traits at the beginning and end of the 3-week research period. Their depression, anxiety, and stress levels were measured with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). After the baseline survey, participants were randomly assigned to either the control or the intervention. Participants in the intervention group used both a fully automated mobile sensing app and a gratitude intervention mobile iOS smartphone app designed for youth users and based on previous gratitude interventions and exercises. The gratitude intervention app prompted users to complete daily gratitude exercises on the app including a gratitude journal, a gratitude photo book, an imagine exercise, a speech exercise, and meditation. Participants in the control group used only the mobile sensing app, which passively collected smartphone sensory data on mobility, screen time, sleep, and social interactions. A total of 120 participants met the inclusion criteria, and 27 were lost to follow-up for a total of 41 participants in the intervention group and 52 in the control group providing complete data. Based on clinical cutoffs from the baseline assessment, 56 out of 120 participants were identified as being in a subsample with at least moderate baseline symptomatology. Participants in the subsample with at least moderate baseline symptomatology reported significantly lower symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress postintervention (Cohen d=-0.68; P=.04) but not in the full sample with low baseline symptomatology (Cohen d=0.16; P=.46). The number of times the app was accessed was not correlated with changes in either the subsample (r=0.01; P=.98) or the full sample (r=-0.04; P=.79). University students experiencing moderate to severe distress can benefit from a gratitude intervention smartphone app to improve symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. The number of times the gratitude intervention app was used is not related to well-being outcomes. Clinicians could look at incorporating gratitude apps with other mental health treatments or for those waitlisted as a cost-effective and minimally guided option for university students experiencing psychological distress.

A qualitative study exploring the experiences of Muslim women in the South African workplace

Orientation: More Muslim women are entering the labour market, and this requires an understanding of the cultural and social contexts as there may be challenges inhibiting their growth and advancement.Research purpose: The purpose of this article is threefold: (1) to explore the perceptions of Muslim women relating to career success; (2) to identify the challenges facing Muslim women and (3) to describe the organisational culture as experienced by Muslim women in the South African workplace.Motivation for the study: Literature often focusses on the challenges women face in general, yet little examines the challenges experienced by Muslim women in the work context. This article seeks to identify whether the challenges experienced are similar or whether specific interventions are required to ensure the career success of Muslim women.Research approach/design and method: A qualitative research design was employed using open-ended questions in an online survey as the data collection tool. Data were collected from 88 Muslim women across industries, professions and provinces within South Africa.Main findings: Experiences of success focus on happiness, contentment and growth, whereas perceptions of success in the organisation are objective and include promotion, financial gain and status. The key challenges can include a lack of resources and support; however, respondents reported mostly a positive organisational culture supporting career and personal aspirations.Practical/managerial implications: Enhancing cross-cultural awareness and understanding contributes to the experienced career success of Muslim women.Contribution/value-add: The findings propose interventions to advance the career, wellness and overall experiences of Muslim women.

Evaluation of an interprofessional education program involving medical and pharmacy students: a mixed-method study

BackgroundEffective pharmacotherapy requires strong collaboration between physicians and pharmacists, highlighting the need for interprofessional education (IPE) in university curricula. This study evaluated the impact of an IPE program on medical and pharmacy students, focusing on their perceived development of interprofessional collaborative competencies, perceived learning outcomes, and clinical collaboration perceptions.MethodsA mixed-method approach was employed to evaluate an IPE program that consisted of three mandatory activities with increased complexity and autonomy, that were integrated into the medical and pharmacy students’ curricula. From September 2022 to June 2023, using a retrospective pre-post approach, students rated their competence levels after an educational activity using the Interprofessional Collaborative Competency Attainment Scale (ICCAS). The participants also answered open-ended survey questions about their learning outcomes. Medical students participated in both uniprofessional education (UPE) and IPE, while pharmacy students participated exclusively in IPE. Effect sizes for competency development were estimated, and subgroup analyses were performed to examine the impact of multiple IPE activities. Semi-structured interviews provided additional qualitative insights, which were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsOf the 309 surveys completed (response rate 64%, with 274 medical and 35 pharmacy students), all 21 ICCAS items showed statistically significant improvement in both UPE (n = 127) and IPE (n = 182) (p < 0.05). While effect sizes for UPE were small across all items, IPE had medium effect sizes for six items and large effect sizes for two items. Overall, students rated themselves as more capable of interprofessional collaboration after IPE, with 55% (n = 124) reporting feeling 'somewhat better' and 6% (n = 14) feeling 'much better,' compared to 16% (n = 12) and 0%, respectively, after UPE. Competency development seems to improve slightly with an increased number of IPE activities. Pharmacy students reported somewhat higher post-activity scores than medical students did. Qualitative data from open-ended survey responses and interviews with six medical students and four pharmacy students highlighted a deeper understanding of professional roles and a greater appreciation for collaborative work through this program.ConclusionsThis IPE program focused on pharmacotherapy improved self-perceived interprofessional collaborative competencies among medical and pharmacy students. Through multiple interprofessional activities, students can develop a deeper understanding of professional roles and improve collaborative skills.

Populational Uses of Complementary Therapies via a Digital Platform in France: Motivations and Needs.

Background: Complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) encompasses over 400 modalities, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In 2011, 70% of the European Union's population reported having used CIM at least once, with 25% using it annually. This study examines the engagement, motivations, and satisfaction of users in the French health care system through data from Medoucine, France's largest online platform for complementary therapies. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive analysis was conducted using Medoucine's database from 2017 to 2023, adhering to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. Data were sourced from practitioner profiles, appointment logs, and patient comments collected at baseline (day 0, J0) and follow-up (day 30, J30). Survey questions, including "What type of complementary therapy are you seeking?" provided clarity on how CIM therapies were introduced. The study included a "recommendation question" at baseline to evaluate satisfaction: "Would you recommend this practitioner to your friends and family?". Response rates varied between 10% and 67%, depending on the question. Categorical variables were analyzed as percentages. Results: Among 225,251 platform users, 67.7% (152,464) responded to the recommendation question at J0, 15% (33,823) reported health improvements at J30, and 10% (22,596) discovered sustainable health strategies. Most users were women (68.6%). Key motivations included well-being and personal development (17.4%), stress, anxiety, and phobias (17.1%), and sleep disorders (7%). Hypnosis (15%), traditional Chinese medicine (8.4%), and reflexology (6.7%) were the most commonly selected modalities. At J30, 74.8% reported health improvements, with notable benefits for well-being (80.7%) and stress (76.3%). Conclusion: This study underscores the growing demand for CIM therapies in France, driven by a need for stress relief, personal development, and physical and psychological health management. High satisfaction rates and perceived health benefits highlight the potential of CIM to complement conventional care. Integrating evidence-based CIM into mainstream health care systems, as recommended by the WHO, offers an opportunity to address patient needs and enhance health care delivery.

Evaluation of kidney disease knowledge and its determinants among patients with chronic kidney disease.

Patient self-care and knowledge of chronic kidney disease (CKD) play a crucial role in treatment effectiveness at slowing disease progression and reducing complications. There is need for tools that can quantitatively assess patients' knowledge of CKD. We aimed to translate the Kidney Disease Knowledge Survey (KiKS) to Turkish, validate the questionnaire among CKD patients, and identify the determinants of CKD knowledge. The 28-item KiKS was translated into Turkish and administered to 271 CKD patients not on dialysis. Reliability of survey questions was assessed using Cronbach's α coefficient. Hotelling's T-squared test was used to measure effectiveness and homogeneity of the scale. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify the determinants of CKD knowledge. The mean age of participants was 56.7±13.0 years; 54.2% were male, and 68.3% had CKD stages 3-5. Cronbach's α value of scale for the 28-item KiKS was 0.804, confirming its reliability (p<0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that CKD stage 3 patients were associated with lower KiKS scores compared to stage 1. Participants who were aware of their CKD diagnosis and used the internet to obtain information about kidney disease had higher scores. The Turkish version of KiKS is reliable and valid to assess the knowledge level of Turkish CKD patients. Advanced stages of CKD were associated with less knowledge about kidney disease in this population. Targeted educational interventions or longitudinal studies are needed to assess the impact of improved CKD knowledge on clinical outcomes.

Community-based valuation of wetland ecosystem services: insights from Bamenda, Cameroon

Wetlands provide important benefits in terms of provisioning, cultural, regulating and supporting ecosystem services to societies all over the world, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Despite the existence of multiple approaches for the valuation of these services, economic methods have dominated the scientific debate with infrequent integration of non-monetary valuation methods to capture community perceptions. This paper aims to assess the value of ecosystem services provided by wetlands based on the perception of the local community in Bamenda Cameroon. We explore if this perception is influenced by factors such as gender, education, and sub-division of residence in relation to the wetland area using a questionnaire administered purposively to a total of 400 respondents living/carrying out activities in and around wetlands. We complemented this methodology with field observation to explore aspects of wetland utilisation on the ground beyond the pre-defined survey questions assessing communities’ perception of the importance of different ecosystem services. Data was entered into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (version 20) for wrangling and visualisation in R (version 4.3.0). The results indicate that the most valued wetland ecosystem services are directly linked to peoples’ livelihood such as the provision of food, traditional agricultural practices and the support of habitats to various plants and animals collected or hunted by local people. We also found a significant difference between the perception of the importance of ecosystem services based on educational level and sub-division of location in relation to wetlands (P-value ≤ 0.01), suggesting that communities living closer to the wetlands appreciate the importance of the ecosystem services relatively more than those living further away. Our results are relevant for improved recognition and integration of local community interest and engagement for inclusive wetland conservation and management.

The protective effect of frequent religious service attendance on pregnancy loss

BackgroundAccumulating evidence suggests that spirituality and religiosity may be associated with improved health outcomes. However, few studies have examined maternal religiosity as a protective factor for perinatal outcomes. We explored the association between maternal religious attendance and pregnancy loss.MethodsData were drawn from the Future Families & Child Wellbeing Study’s first and second waves and medical records (n = 1874). Religious attendance was a self-reported response to the question “About how often do you attend religious services?” Pregnancy loss was measured from responses to the second wave survey question, “Since focal child’s birth, have you had any miscarriages/abortions/stillbirths?” Logistic regression estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between maternal religious attendance frequency and pregnancy loss. Models were adjusted for sampling weights, religious preference, socioeconomic and behavioral factors.Results8% (n = 164) of mothers reported having a pregnancy loss. Of those with a pregnancy loss, 28% (n = 46) attended services hardly ever and 20% (n = 20) attended services once a week or more. Women who attended services more frequently had 58% increased odds of not experiencing a pregnancy loss (OR:1.58;95%CI:1.01,2.48) after adjusting for potential confounding. A post hoc analysis found no difference in pregnancy loss type or subsequent reproductive history based on attendance level.ConclusionsResults suggest that higher maternal religious attendance frequency may be a protective factor for pregnancy loss. Further research is needed to understand the association between maternal religious attendance and mechanisms for pregnancy loss.

Community impacts of aviation noise: a pilot survey.

Aviation noise policy in the United States is decades old and has not kept up with the science on the adverse effects of chronic noise exposure. New aviation noise policies are needed for the 21st century, respecting the lived experience of affected communities. Existing surveys have reported adverse impacts from aviation noise but more information is needed to understand the factors that contribute to those impacts. To evaluate the impacts of current aircraft noise exposure on impacted communities and their determinants. A 10-question online community pilot survey was distributed in May 2022 to an email list of groups and individuals in aviation-impacted communities. The survey was open for two weeks. Information on geographic location, frequency of exposure, and type of aircraft exposure were collected. Seven questions focused on the type and magnitude of health impacts, perceptions, and concerns. A total of 1452 surveys were completed within the 2-week period. Respondents report experiencing loud, repetitive, low-altitude aircraft noise - day and night - causing stress and negative effects on mental and physical health. For many, "annoyance" did not adequately describe their experience. Strong, consistent exposure-response patterns for weekly flight frequency (<100 to >1000 flights) were found for most health impacts, perceptions, and concerns. The likelihood of adverse impacts and heightened perceptions and concerns was greatest in respondents exposed mainly to military aircraft. Current aviation noise policy is based on annoyance, and relies on a metric that exceeds safe levels and does not meaningfully convey community impact. Aviation-impacted communities are experiencing mental and physical health impacts that extend beyond annoyance. The magnitude of impact is influenced by flight frequency and aircraft type. Aviation noise policy should be updated to account for those factors and focus on reducing public health impacts and their human and economic costs. Aviation noise policy in the United States is decades old and is based solely on the concept of annoyance without sufficient regard to the harms caused to health and well-being of people living in aviation-impacted communities. Efforts to amend the policy must be informed by the scientific evidence on the adverse effects of noise and health and by metrics that properly represent the lived experiences of communities. The results of this pilot survey highlight the importance of incorporating these aspects into policy for preventing and mitigating harms caused by aviation noise, especially as the industry grows.

Nurse Experiences in an Electronic Health Record Transition: A Mixed Methods Analysis.

Transitions from one EHR to another can be enormously disruptive to care. Nurses are the largest group of EHR users, but nurse experiences with EHR transitions have not been well documented. We sought to understand nurse experiences with an EHR transition at the US Department of Veterans Affairs. We used a mixed methods design, combining a cumulative 26 longitudinal interviews with 317 survey free-text responses and quantitative measures from a repeated cross-sectional survey, all from nurses at one of the first facilities to transition from the Department of Veterans Affairs' homegrown EHR to a commercial system. We conducted inductive/deductive content analysis of qualitative data and paired qualitative findings with descriptive statistics of survey questions. Analyses yielded insights about three key aspects of the transition: (1) EHR functionality: diverse perceived causes of challenges using the new EHR; (2) transition process: barriers and facilitators of nurses' EHR training and technical support; and (3) outcomes: nurse-perceived impacts on safety, quality, nurse satisfaction, and efficiency. Alongside improvements to EHR functionality, findings underscore the need for organizationally informed training and careful alignment between the new EHR and the organization's nursing practices-all of which have been undertaken by Department of Veterans Affairs nurses informed by this and other studies.

Knowledge and attitudes about blood donation in residents of the Chigüilpe commune

Introduction: blood transfusion is a procedure performed daily in health institutions to ensure clinical and surgical care. Every year, blood needs are greater than availability, which influences the scarcity of the resource. This research was conducted with the aim of describing knowledge and attitudes about blood donation.Methods: a cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 146 people from the Chigüilpe commune. A 19-question survey was used, divided into two dimensions: the first assesses sociodemographic data and the second information related to knowledge about donations. The instrument was applied in person and through an online form.Results: males predominated over females (60,3 %), 37,7 % were between 45 and 60 years old, 65,8% reported having donated blood at some point, 1,4 % reported not knowing the usefulness of donated blood, only 2,7 % considered donating to be harmful to health, and 81,5 % expressed their willingness to donate in the future. The main motivation for donating was that a family member or friend needed the blood (63 %).Conclusions: the residents of the Chigüilpe commune showed a moderate general knowledge about blood donations, which became lower when dealing with specifics on the subject such as requirements. A positive attitude towards donation and a low percentage of erroneous beliefs were found

Level of knowledge about anaphylactic shock in students of the Faculty of Dentistry, Interamerican Open University

Introduction: Anaphylactic shock is a severe and unexpected allergic reaction that has a rapid onset and can even cause the death of the patient. Its rapid clinical diagnosis is of vital importance since it will involve the compromise of several important systems.Objective: To determine the level of knowledge about anaphylactic shock and its dental management by 4th and 5th year students of the Universidad Abierta Interamericana, School of Dentistry.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a 15-question survey. First, 4th year students were surveyed before they began the Clinical and Integrated Surgery of Adults and Geriatrics II course and then, 5th year students were surveyed during the break from the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology course.Results: The average general knowledge of 4th and 5th year students is low since error rates are greater than 50%. As for the first-choice medication, a high rate of incorrect answers was observed, since they did not know which one it was, but they did know the correct route of administration. As for knowledge of the university protocols, the results were poor.Conclusions: most students are unaware of the existence of the university protocols for acting in cases of emergency, although on the other hand, in general, they are aware of the existence of the first aid kit to deal with emergencies.

Changes in multidisciplinary perceptions of trauma video review following implementation of a novel program: let us go to the tape

BackgroundTrauma video review (TVR) is an evolving technology that can be used to measure technical and non-technical aspects of trauma care leading to meaningful improvements. Only 30% of centers currently...

Development and formative evaluation of website-based tool to support healthy lifestyles in family day care.

Nutrition and physical activity practices in Australian family day care are suboptimal. A web-based tool was co-developed with family day care service providers and educators, health promotion staff and the New South Wales Ministry of Health to promote healthier nutrition and physical activity practices through an existing quality improvement process. Formative evaluation was conducted in January-February 2023. An online survey included 13 questions relating to content, language, structure, ease of usage and participant satisfaction. Questions used Likert scales to rate participants' experience from poor to excellent. Tool usage data were extracted from the website to reflect user activity. Service providers (n = 3) and educators (n = 9) tested the tool for 4 weeks. Survey questions were grouped into measures of perceived convenience, difficulty and helpfulness. All participants chose a rating of 'good' or 'excellent' across all questions, with a higher proportion of participants rating the questions as 'excellent'. All participants used the tool at least once. Perceived value of research was the main theme that emerged from the open text feedback. Results suggest that the tool was feasible, easy to use and relevant to practice. SO WHAT?: This is the first known tool designed for family day care to promote healthier nutrition and physical activity practices through an existing quality improvement process to implement change. An efficacy trial will follow to evaluate effectiveness. The tool is predicted to serve as a platform for identifying gaps between policy and practice and for facilitating practice improvements.