Question Of Definition Research Articles

Narratology Redux

Narratology Redux

Допит малолітньої або неповнолітньої особи на стадії досудового розслідування

У статті досліджено національне законодавство щодо врегулювання проблем допиту малолітньої чи неповнолітньої особи на стадії досудового розслідування. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що перед учасниками кримінального провадження, які представляють сторону кримінального провадження з боку обвинувачення (ними, згідно з п. 19 ч. 1 ст. 3 КПК України, як представники державних органів є слідчий, дізнавач, керівник органу досудового розслідува ння, керівник органу дізнання, прокурор), виходячи із його завдань, стоїть непросте завдання: виконуючи свої функціональні обов'язки, з одного боку, необхідно забезпечити охорону прав, свобод та законних інтересів усіх без винятку учасників кримінального провадження, а з іншого - забезпечити швидке, повне та неупереджене розслідування і судовий розгляд. При цьому підвищені вимоги до учасників кримінального провадження ставляться у тому разі, якщо у сферу дії кримінальних процесуальних правовідносин потрапляють особи до досягнення ними повноліття. Автор виступив з ініціативою про вдосконалення положення ч. 3 ст. 484 КПК України, де запропонував після слів «...у кримінальному провадженні щодо кримінальних правопорушень, учинених особами, які не досягли вісімнадцятирічного віку» доповнити словами «...на момент учинення кримінального правопорушення», що послужить додатковою гарантією охорони прав і законних інтересів осіб, які вчинили кримінальне правопорушення до досягнення ними вісімнадцятирічного віку, але на період здійснення досудового розслідування чи судового розгляду досягли вісімнадцятирічного віку. Автором висловлено рекомендації стосовно того, що під час допиту неповнолітньої особи відведений для перерви час повинен бути об'єктивно достатнім для досягнення мети перерви. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що допит малолітньої або неповнолітньої особи проводиться у присутності законного представника, педагога або психолога, а за необхідності - лікаря, але проводить цю слідчу дію слідчий, який спеціально уповноважений керівником органу досудового розслідування на здійснення досудових розслідувань щодо неповнолітніх. І саме цей слідчий складає протокол під час допиту неповнолітньої особи або безпосередньо після закінчення такого допиту. Звернено увагу на низку проблемних питань, які потребують вирішення. Зокрема, йдеться про визначення різного проміжку часу для допиту окремих категорій малолітніх і неповнолітніх осіб, про вирішення питання про дотримання законодавства під час здійснення допиту названої категорії осіб.

Tłumacz jako problem poezji konkretnej

Translator as the Problem of Concrete Poetry Among various forms of concrete poetry, I have identified two main types. The first one, which was born as an attempt to transgress national languages and create a universal code, by its very definition questions the sense of translation. Yet it does not nullify it, concrete poetry of this type still needs translators as “conveyers”, who select poems and anchor them into new cultural contexts. Since the shape of the poem remains mostly intact, translation is no longer an interlingual activity, but an intercultural one. In the case of the second type of concrete poetry, which I call paronomatic and which due to its metalinguistic complexity renders the poems untranslatable, translators can be redefined as “exegetes”, offering descriptions and interpretations of the poems. The article discusses in detail selected examples of the two types of concrete poetry in translation, demonstrating the variety of the translator’s tasks.

Cyberterrorism Today? Findings From a Follow-on Survey of Researchers

This article reports on a survey of researchers designed to capture current perspectives on core questions around cyberterrorism. The survey—conducted in 2017 as a follow-on to an initial, 2012, exercise—focused on questions of definition, threat and response. By documenting our findings in each of these areas—and highlighting developments in the years between our surveys—we identify three particularly important trends. First, an increasing convergence around the core characteristics of cyberterrorism, albeit with continuing conceptual disagreements at the concept’s penumbra. Second, increasing researcher concern with the threat posed by cyberterrorism, underpinned by a widespread view that this threat has increased, and a growing feeling that cyberterrorist attacks have now taken place. Third, support for a diversity of counter-measures to this threat, although perhaps counter-intuitively little suggestion that resort to exceptional or draconian measures is needed. In order to inform future research, the article concludes by detailing some of the major limitations, gaps and weaknesses within academic research to date as identified by our respondents.

Selected qualities of mobile maps for indoor navigation

Abstract The map is the key element in any navigation system. The dynamic growth of indoor navigation systems requires improvements in quality not only of positioning systems but also of maps of building interiors. Most emergent solutions in this field do not use cartographic knowledge. Cartographic methodology for representing building interiors is still in its initial stages of development. Its proper use may, however, be of great importance to the effectiveness of indoor navigation. The author presents important features that indoor mobile maps should possess, for both the data model and the presentation method to be used. In this context, the question of the contemporary definition of a map is also discussed.

Introduction

This introduction presents the articles contained in this special issue of Philosophy and Social Criticism on the topic of populism. It does so by placing them in the field of discussions that the standard conception of populism as ‘illliberal democracy’ has stimulated in many areas of the populism-research that was produced in response to the recent increase in populist governments in established constitutional democracies world-wide. Following the methodological canon of studies in the field, it presents the individual contributions roughly in three segments according to leading questions they focus on. In each segment, the introduction attempts to indicate the degree to which the articles depart and provide reasons for departing from the initial standard conception and thereby point to new relevant directions for further work. The first segment (articles 1. -4.) consists of essays that take on the definitional and empirical question of what and where populism is, and which varieties of it there are. The second segment (articles 5. -8.) presents new work focusing on the diagnostic question of what conditions and institutional conditions enable contemporary populism in established liberal constitutional representative democracies. They thus also aim at explaining or at least providing insight into the structures on the supply side (party politics) that make populism popular as an `outsider option'. The third and largest segment (essays 9. -15.) comprises essays that present various approaches to answering the therapeutic question what democratic political systems and societies can do to confront, absorb or internalize the lessons from populist challenges.

Ancient Prophecy: Near Eastern, Biblical, and Greek Perspectives

Ancient Prophecy: Near Eastern, Biblical, and Greek Perspectives

On the General Definition of the Production of Entropy in Open Markov Quantum Systems

We discuss the question of the general definition of the production of entropy per unit time for a quantum system governed by the Lindblad equation. The difficulty is as follows: in order to determine the total production of entropy, one must know the entropy flow from the system into the environment. This requires additional information on the environment and on its interaction with the system. The Lindblad equation for the reduced density matrix of the system does not contain such information. Therefore, the following question arises: What minimum additional information about the environment must be added to the Lindblad equation in order to find the flow of entropy into the environment and the total production of entropy? To answer this question, we use the concept of a complementary quantum channel known from the the quantum information theory. We also prove a theorem on the nonnegativity of production of entropy, and, under certain assumptions, the adiabatic and nonadiabatic contribution to it.

Messy Forgiveness: A Reply to Fricker

ABSTRACT In ‘Forgiveness: An Ordered Pluralism’, Miranda Fricker aims to show that two seemingly incompatible conceptions of forgiveness are unified insofar as they ascribe the same moral function to forgiveness. Both Moral Justice Forgiveness and Gifted Forgiveness, she maintains, remove redundant blame feeling. In reply, I contend that Fricker’s two targets do not actually share the same function. Gifted Forgiveness of unrepentant wrongdoers often removes blame feeling that is anything but redundant. Fricker’s argument depends on the mistaken assumption that resentment and blame have a single function. Once we see that they are polyfunctional, the question of when resentment and blame are redundant becomes far more complicated. If we want to figure out when and why we ought to forgive, we must carefully distinguish moral ideals concerning forgiveness from definitional questions about the nature of forgiveness. Once we do so, Fricker’s neatly ordered pluralism dissolves into a messier set of options.

Sameness and difference in narrative modes and narrative sense making: The case of Ramsey Campbell’s “The Scar”

Abstract The article discusses basic questions of narrative studies and definitions of narrative from a historical and conceptual perspective in order to map the terrain between different narratologies. The focus is placed on the question of how fiction interacts with other realms of our lives or, more specifically, how reading fiction both involves and affects our everyday meaning making operations. British horror writer Ramsey Campbell’s (b. 1946) short story “The Scar” (1967) will be used as a test case to show how both narrative modes of representation and the reader’s narrative sense making operations may travel between art and the everyday, from fiction to life and back. We argue that the cognitively inspired narrative studies need to pair up with linguistically oriented narratology to gain the necessary semiotic sensitivity to the forms and modes of narrative sense making. Narratology, in turn, needs to explore in detail what it is in the narrative form that enables it to function as a tool for reaching out and making sense of the unfamiliar. In our view, reading fictional narratives such as “The Scar” can help in learning and adopting linguistic resources and story patterns from fiction to our everyday sense making efforts.

On The Joint Use Of High-Speed And Conventional Railway Lines

From the moment of commissioning of the first high-speed specialized railways (HSR) in Japan and as a result of more than 50 years of historical development of high-speed passenger railway traffic in different countries, currently, there are several options for its development: first, construction of new highways for the movement of specialized rolling stock, secondly, by reconstructing of the existing railway lines with more technical parameters for higher speed. In scientific publications the issues of justification of the construction of a new HSR are widely covered, as well as reconstruction of existing lines, but at the same time, the problem of definition of efficiency of use of HSR and conventional lines, according to the authors, at least Russian transport science has not been studied enough. In the article some results of the sharing study are presented specialized high-speed railways and reconstructed for more high speeds of passenger trains in existing railway lines of lines’. The question of definition from the economic point of view of costs is considered, depending on parameters such as distance between high-speed trains on the lines reconstructed under high-speed movement, and the cost of passenger-hour, reflecting the duration of passengers on the road.

Автоматизована система визначення міжремонтних пробігів для модернізованих маневрових тепловозів чме3

In the article the questions of definition of rational inter-repair runs and application of the automated system of computer simulation of network norms are considered. This makes it possible to make full use of the resource of the components and parts of the locomotive, as well as to reduce the rises for maintenance and repair. The untimely setting of locomotive results in a deterioration of its technical condition and an increase in the cost of repair and preventive maintenance. The division of the territory of Ukraine according to the climatic conditions of operation of rolling stock and the rigidity of the service condition of the service should be proposed in order to increase the reliability of trouble-free operation. The approach to establishing the optimal structure of maintenance and repair system based on statistical data and analysis of the reliability of locomotive nodes is formulated. The basic parameters of the rational system of maintenance and repair for the specific operating conditions have been found, the numerical values of the correction factors confirmed by experimental operation of the locomotives of the ChME 3 (P) series on the Ukrzaliznytsia network have been theoretically determined, which allow the rational use of economic resources.

Towards “Post-Digital”. A Media Theory to Re-Think the Digital Revolution

Can we say we live in a post-digital condition? It depends. This paper sets out to distinguish between the current mass digital culture and an authentic post-digital culture.If we mean “post-digital” as the full internalization and awareness of the result of the so-called digital revolution, then it is necessary a philosophical work to discuss related problems, identify the causes and propose solutions.An authentic philosophy of digital will, however, have to start from a clarification of the terms and basic objects of its investigation. Here media theory is inserted as an analytical tool: the purpose of this essay is to outline a road map for a good media theory that interfaces with questions of definition of digital, also in light of the notions of space, time, and matter. As will be seen, the description given here for a “good media theory” does, in fact, coincide with an already existing – and inserted in the contemporary debate – school. In conclusion we will try to delineate the field of philosophical inquiry opened by the clarification brought by the previous analysis, and to suggest a general framework within which philosophy will have to move in order to finally reach the authentic post-digital condition.

Digital literacy, fake news and education / Alfabetización digital, fake news y educación

The role of digital literacy in strengthening citizens’ resilience to misinformation and ‘fake news’ has been the subject of research projects and networking and academic and policy discourses in recent years, given prominence by an escalation of the perceived crisis following election and referendum results in the US and UK respectively. This special issue sets out to take forward critical dialogue in the field of media and digital literacy education by publishing rigorous research on the subject. The research disseminated in this collection speaks to the political and economic contexts for ‘fake news’, the complex issue of trust and the risks of educational solutionism; questions of definition and policy implementation; teaching about specific subgenres such as YouTube and clickbait; international comparisons of pedagogic approaches and challenges for teachers in this changing ecosystem.

Emotional intelligence research in Australia: Past contributions and future directions

Emotional intelligence (EI) is an intriguing and popular area of research, focusing as it does on individual differences in qualities at the intersection of intelligence and emotion. Research to date has focused on three key questions: (a) How to define EI? (b) How to measure EI? and (c) What is EI good for? This review describes the key contributions of Australian researchers to these questions before outlining the current focus and future directions of EI research in Australia. Australian research teams have been instrumental in clarifying the definition of EI, developing innovative measures of EI and examining the life domains EI influences. We suggest that with the contributions of Australian research to the earlier definitional and measurement questions, Australian researchers are now able to address questions about the processes and mechanisms by which EI translates into positive outcomes in diverse life domains.

Interdisciplinarity as diversity in citation patterns among journals: Rao-Stirling diversity, relative variety, and the Gini coefficient

Abstract Questions of definition and measurement continue to constrain a consensus on the measurement of interdisciplinarity. Using Rao-Stirling (RS) Diversity sometimes produces anomalous results. We argue that these unexpected outcomes can be related to the use of “dual-concept diversity” which combines “variety” and “balance” in the definitions (ex ante). We propose to modify RS Diversity into a new indicator (DIV) which operationalizes “variety,” “balance,” and “disparity” independently and then combines them ex post. “Balance” can be measured using the Gini coefficient. We apply DIV to the aggregated citation patterns of 11,487 journals covered by the Journal Citation Reports 2016 of the Science Citation Index and the Social Sciences Citation Index as an empirical domain and, in more detail, to the citation patterns of 85 journals assigned to the Web-of-Science category “information science & library science” in both the cited and citing directions. We compare the results of the indicators and show that DIV provides improved results in terms of distinguishing between interdisciplinary knowledge integration (citing references) versus knowledge diffusion (cited impact). The new diversity indicator and RS diversity measure different features. A routine for the measurement of the various operationalization of diversity (in any data matrix) is made available online.

К вопросу об определении и измерении социального самочувствия населения

К вопросу об определении и измерении социального самочувствия населения

The WHO-INTEGRATE evidence to decision framework version 1.0: integrating WHO norms and values and a complexity perspective

IntroductionEvidence-to-decision (EtD) frameworks intend to ensure that all criteria of relevance to a health decision are systematically considered. This paper, part of a series commissioned by the WHO, reports on...

Щодо визначення поняття «права промислової власності».

article deals with the question of definition of the concept and essence of property On the basis of the analysis of the results of general theoretical and special scientific researches, the current legislation investigates the concept of industrial property rights. clarification of the concept of industrial property in the broad and narrow sense is proposed, and the definition of property rights for objects of property is given. Based on the analysis of doctrinal approaches, characteristic features of property rights of property are singled out. emphasis is placed on the fact that the legal regime of property rights can not be applied to the rights of author proposes to make a clarification to: Part 2 of Article 190 of the Civil Code of Ukraine by stating it in the following wording: Property rights are recognized as substantive rights, except in cases stipulated by law; Art. 419 of the Civil Code of Ukraine, which is proposed to be supplemented with paragraph 4 of the following content: The provisions of Book 3 of this Code, unless otherwise provided by law, do not apply to intellectual property rights; Part 1 of Art. 133 of the Commercial Code of Ukraine, it is proposed to state in the following wording: The basis of the legal regime of property of economic entities, on which their economic activity is based, are: ownership and other real rights – the right of economic management, the right of operational management; property rights to property objects ; Also, it is proposed to consolidate the notion and list of property objects in the Commercial Code of Ukraine and define the concept of proprietary rights of property.

Прогнозирование банкротства авиакомпаний: глобальный рынок

Airlines are subject to a set of internal and external risks and also have a considerable impact on world economy, being responsible for mobility of the population and the movement of loads. Despite a significant role the industry of civil air transportation is low-marginal, and financial stability of airlines often is under the threat.Since the beginning of autumn 2019 in Europe the number of bankrupt airlines has been growing. Thus, the number of carriers claiming inability to perform duties to clients due to financial problems reached five airlines in the first month of autumn: Thomas Cook Airlines and Thomas Cook Airlines Scandinavia, Aigle Azur, XL Airways, Adria Airways.In view of considerable number of bankruptcies of the airlines and negative effects connected with their defaults there is a question of definition of effective measures for forecasting of probability of bankruptcy, for application preventive the world supervisory authorities and interested persons. Authors of work investigated techniques of prediction of bankruptcies of the enterprises, with emphasis on airline and comparison classical a logit of model and a Bayesian quantile regression on data from the reporting of airlines for 2009-2018 is made. In a research the possibility of application of mathematical models for forecasting in the global market of air transportation is for the first time considered, aggregating the companies on 3 integrated geographical regions. A result of work is the model considering in itself indicators of Net Income, Quick ratio, load factor, the turnover of assets and geographical accessory of the company giving prediction accuracy to 90%. This model considering a limited set of financial and operational metrics can be easily applied by supervisory authorities and other interested parties (partners) to premature identification of defaults of airlines in view of simplicity of implementation and availability of the majority of data in open access without connection to specialized databases.