Quercetin may contribute to the protection afforded by fruit- and vegetable-rich diets against diseases for which excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated as a causal or contributory factor. We examine the effect of short term (90 min) quercetin (1–100 μM) exposure on the progress of menadione induced oxidative stress within HL-60 cells. 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein and rhodamine-123 fluorescence, resulting from oxidation of the ROS-sensitive dyes dichlorodihydrofluorescein and dihydrorhodamine-123 respectively, were utilised as indicators of general ROS levels. Ethidium fluorescence, resulting from oxidation of dihydroethidium, was used as a potentially more specific indicator of O 2 −. Exposure to quercetin alone induced a decrease in DCF and rhodamine fluorescence. Conversely, ethidium fluorescence was enhanced by treatment with ≥40 μM quercetin. Incubation with 1–100 μM quercetin reduced the extent of menadione-induced increase in DCF and rhodamine fluorescence but the menadione-induced increase in ethidium fluorescence was further elevated for cells treated with ≥25 μM quercetin. Exposure to ≥10 μM quercetin abrogated menadione-induced DNA single-strand breaks but, paradoxically, quercetin exacerbated membrane damage and failed to enhance the viability of menadione-challenged cells. In conclusion, quercetin exerts only site-specific protection against oxidative stress.