Syagrus Romanzoffiana Research Articles

Low temperature extremes influence both the presence of palms and palm species richness in the Atlantic Forest, Southern Brazil

This study examines the relationship between climate and species richness and distribution of palms (Arecaceae) in the Brazilian State of Santa Catarina. We use data from the Floristic and Forest Inventory of Santa Catarina and WorldClim - Global Climate Data. We hypothesized that low temperature and precipitation limit palm species richness and distribution in Santa Catarina. For modeling palm species richness, we used a generalized linear model for zero inflated data and to assess reasons behind differences in palm species abundance and species richness across the state, we used a canonical analysis of principal coordinates (CAP). We found that only the distribution of Euterpe edulis Mart. and Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman showed significant effects of climate, largely because they were the most abundant and frequent species found in sampled plots. Modelling results pinpointed minimum temperature of the coldest month as the strongest predictor of palm species richness and distribution in Santa Catarina. Our results contribute to knowledge about the occurrence of native palms of the Atlantic Forest and their environmental limitations.https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.19.29.1.0.737

Anthracological reference collection of palms of the Atlantic Forest (sensu stricto) of southern Brazil

Comparative or taphonomic methods that help interpret and identify macro- and microbotanical remains based on reference collections have contributed significantly to expanding Brazilian archaeobotanical and archeological field methods. The present work had the objective of creating a carbonized carpological reference collection that emphasizes fruits from the family Arecaceae that occur in the Atlantic Forest (sensu stricto) of southern Brazil. To create the reference collection, six palm species native to the Atlantic Forest were selected that are widely distributed, occur on the coast of northeastern Santa Catarina and are found at innumerous archeological sites with the sambaqui typology. The selected species were Attalea dubia (Mart.) Burret, Bactris setosa Mart., Butia catarinensis Noblick and Lorenzi, Euterpe edulis Mart., Geonoma schottiana Mart. and Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman. To conduct the taphonomic tests, 10 fresh fruits (with the pericarp) of each species were selected and submitted to combustion in a muffle furnace set at 400°C and 600°C for 30, 45 and 60 minutes. Ten manually depulped fruits of each species were submitted to the same treatment. The results demonstrated different rates of fragmentation among the carbonized fruits of the selected palm species. The fruits of A. dubia were notable for their well-preserved morphological structures and became completely carbonized after six hours at 600°C in the furnace. Similar results were also found for the fruits S. romanzoffiana.

In vitro cultivation of Mouriri elliptica (Mart.) a species with alimentary and medicinal potential using alternative to agar media

Alternative supports can be successfully used in place of agar for 'in vitro' culture to increase seedling vigor. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of alternative support materials compared to agar in the 'in vitro' cultivation of 'Mouriri elliptica' (Mart.) in the absence or presence of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The alternative support materials used were medium-grain vermiculite, sugarcane ('Saccharum spp.' L.) bagasse and queen palm fiber ['Syagrus romanzoffiana' (Chamisso) Glassman]. For this, young plants with at least two axillary buds under in vivo conditions were transferred to in vitro condition considering four replications with three young plants. After 45 days was evaluated the growth and anatomical explant characteristics. Autoclaving these alternative supports without the media and proceeding the explant desinfestation was an efficient method to contamination control and plant growth in a in vitro condition. No differences were observed between agar, vermiculite and sugarcane bagasse cultures for most growth characteristics evaluated. Greater numbers of adventitious and secondary roots and greater root length were significantly observed in plantlets grown in the presence of vermiculite and the absence of naphthalene acetic acid. In the agar culture, roots had weak points and poorly differentiated tissues, with parenchymal tissue predominating. The addition of 2.0 mg L-1 naphthalene acetic acid used did not stimulate rooting in this specie. So, other auxin source and concentrations should be evaluated in future studies. Both support materials used, vermiculite and sugarcane bagasse, representing promising agar substitutes to obtain seedlings with roots.

Composition and Functional Diversity of the Urban Flora of Alfenas-MG, Brazil

ABSTRACT Urban tree cover has important environmental and social functions and can act as ecological refuges. The objective of the present study was to investigate the taxonomic and functional diversities of urban plant communities in Alfenas, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. We sampled all trees DBH ≥ 3 cm in eight different urban green areas, recording 1,138 individuals and 119 species; two species were dominant: Poincianella pluviosa (Fabaceae) and Syagrus romanzoffiana (Arecaceae). The high species richness encountered reflected, in part, the presence of exotic species, which corresponded to 40% of the species and 25% of the total abundance. The functional diversity index (HF') was considered low, with the predominant functional traits among the species being small size, entomophily, zoochory, evergreen leaves, and dry fruits. We recommend that future urban afforestation projects incorporate strategies that increase the use of regional species as well as the functional diversity/complexity of those environments.

Traditional Use of Palms (Arecaceae) in the Atlantic Forest in Southern Santa Catarina, Brazil

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the extraction process of palm species (Arecaceae) and their different forms of use by the population in the surroundings of the “Parque Estadual da Serra Furada” (PAESF), located in the south region of Santa Catarina state, as well as understand the perception of the interviewees about the park. The data were obtained through interviews with long-time residents of the area. The results were analyzed by content analysis. Four palm species were cited by the interviewees: Bactris setosa Mart., Euterpe edulis Mart., Geonoma gamiova Barb.Rodr., and Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman. The most widespread uses of these palm species were for food and in construction. The leaves were the main part of the plant used, with emphasis to E. edulis. In general, the PAESF and its palms are important resources for the interviewees; however, today, knowledge remains mostly only in the memory of the residents.

Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic studies on the adsorption of ciprofloxacin by activated carbon produced from Jerivá (Syagrus romanzoffiana)

High specific surface area activated carbon prepared from endocarp of Jerivá (Syagrus romanzoffiana) (ACJ) was used for ciprofloxacin (CIP) antibiotic removal from aqueous effluents. The activated carbon (AC) was characterized via scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, N2 adsorption/desorption, and pH value at the zero-charge point. Avrami kinetic model was the one that best fit the experimental results in comparison to the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The equilibrium data obeyed the Liu isotherm equation, showing a maximum adsorption capacity of 335.8mgg-1 at 40°C. The calculated thermodynamic parameters indicate that the adsorption of CIP was spontaneous and endothermic at all studied temperatures. Also, the free enthalpy changes (∆H° = 3.34kJmol-1) suggested physical adsorption between CIP and ACJ. Simulated effluents were utilized to check the potential of the ACJ for wastewater purification. The highly efficient features enable the activated carbon prepared from endocarp of Jerivá, an attractive carbon adsorbent, to remove ciprofloxacin from wastewaters.

Comparative trophic ecology of two sympatric canids in the Brazilian Pampa

AbstractStudies on resource utilization by carnivores are essential to assess the role of the species in the ecosystem. These studies help us to understand the mechanisms that influence vertebrate community structure and the relationships between predators and prey. The aims of this study were to compare and describe the food habits of the sympatric Pampas fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus) and crab‐eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) in the Brazilian Pampa, and to evaluate the food niche overlap between them, and infer aspects of habitat preferences on the basis of their prey. For the diet analyses, 25 stomach contents of Pampas foxes and 33 of crab‐eating foxes were collected. We identified 80 prey items (49 for the Pampas fox and 63 for the crab‐eating fox) and grouped them into eight main categories. Mammals and invertebrates were the most frequent items in the diets of both canids, followed by fruits. The trophic niche breadth of the Pampas fox (Bsta = 0.56) was larger than that of the crab‐eating fox (Bsta = 0.47). The diet overlap between them was Ojk = 0.58. However, a PERMANOVA test showed that diets did not differ between species or season. Our results showed that both L. gymnocercus and C. thous had generalist diets, with a great diversity of prey, but based on similar main food items. Items that contributed the most to the diet of the Pampas fox were insects (Gryllotalpidae and Scarabaeidae) and cavies (Cavia aperea) and those that contributed the most to the diet of the crab‐eating fox were fruits of Syagrus romanzoffiana, beetles (Scarabaeidae), amphibians (Leptodactylus spp.) and cavies. This is the first study to describe and compare the food habits of these two species, occurring in sympatry in the Brazilian Pampa.

Disease progression of a lethal decline caused by the 16SrIV‐D phytoplasma in Florida palms

Recently, a new phytoplasma was discovered in Hillsborough County in the state of Florida, USA. This phytoplasma belongs to the 16SrIV taxonomic group and is classified as subgroup D. It is the causal agent of lethal bronzing disease (LBD) of palm. Since the discovery of LBD in 2006, the disease has spread throughout much of the state. In 2014 and 2015, stands of cabbage palm and queen palms that had been present at the University of Florida's Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center in Davie, FL began showing symptoms of LBD. After confirming the presence of the LBD phytoplasma in initially infected palms by nested PCR and RFLP analysis, all palms were systematically sampled over the period of 1 year to monitor and quantify disease spread. A total of 30 cabbage palms were tested monthly by qPCR, with five testing positive on the first sample date. By the end of the study period, 16 cabbage palms had died from the infection. A total of 16 queen palms were surveyed, with three palms initially testing positive. By the end of the study, four queen palms had tested positive and died from the infection. To the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to document and quantify spread of palm‐infecting phytoplasmas. This data provides important insights into the ecology of palm‐infecting phytoplasmas and highlights the impact that the movement of infective insects can pose to established stands of palms.

Nutritional and chemical characterizations of fruits obtained from Syagrus romanzoffiana, Attalea dubia, Attalea phalerata and mauritia flexuosa

Several species of Arecaceae are widely distributed in tropical regions and are economically important as a source of vegetable oil and bioactive nutrients beneficial to health and human nutrition. In this work, the physical and chemical characteristics of the oils and fruits from Syagrus romanzoffiana, Attalea phalerata, Mauritia flexuosa and for the first time for Attalea dubia (Mart.) Burret were determined. All fruits were dimensioned according to the biometric analysis (size and mass). Nutritional analysis showed high levels of lipids, proteins, sugars and fibers, as well as Ca, Mg, K, Cu, Mn, Fe and Zn minerals. The composition of fatty acids showed the predominance of short and unsaturated fatty acids carbon chain. All fruits presented high content of polyphenols and carotenoids (except for S. romanzoffiana). Moreover, all fruits demonstrate antioxidant activity by direct capture of free radicals ABTS and DPPH. Finally, our results demonstrate that these fruits have a relevant concentration of nutrients and bioactive compounds with importance for human health. Such data open up promising prospects for the scientific exploration and use of these fruits as an alternative source to combat malnutrition as well as to compose formulations of food products with functional properties. Finally, our results demonstrate that these fruits present a relevant concentration of nutrients and bioactive compounds with importance for human health, with promising perspectives for the scientific exploration and use of these fruits as an alternative source to avoid malnutrition as well as to compose formulations of food products with functional properties.

Queen palm fruit selection and foraging techniques of squirrels in the Atlantic Forest

AbstractQueen palm seeds (Syagrus romanzoffiana) are a vital source of nutrients for Ingram's squirrel (Guerlinguetus ingrami), a common inhabitant of the Atlantic forest biome of Brazil. G. ingrami acts as both a seed predator and disperser of this important palm; however, little is known about how G. ingrami selects or efficiently opens queen palm seeds. The objectives of this study were to: (1) investigate the squirrel's capacity to determine the germinal orifice among the fruit's three pores, which permits more efficient opening of the fruit; (2) assess whether the thickness and size of the fruit endocarp influence the squirrel's palm selection during foraging; and (3) evaluate whether the rodents preferentially select fruits with invertebrate infestations. To answer these questions, we used a series of behavioral experiments measuring patterns of squirrel feeding behavior (fruit opening, fruit selection, and patch selection), controlling for environmental variables. We found that (1) squirrels identify the queen palm germinal pore by its greater relative depth to the other pores; (2) the average size and thickness of fruit does not influence the squirrel's choice of palm for foraging; and (3) squirrels preferentially consume fruits infested by invertebrates. The development of methods for more efficient processing of queen palm fruit highlights the importance of this resource for G. ingrami. In addition, due to its preferential selection of infested fruits, G. ingrami may benefit palms by reducing parasite population loads.

Genetic Diversity and Structure of Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman (Arecaceae) in Southern Brazil

The species Syagrus romanzoffiana is a monocot belonging to the family Arecaceae; it is a palm endemic to South America and is widely distributed throughout the southeast and south of Brazil, including the State of Rio Grande do Sul. To estimate the genetic diversity and structure of the species in the watersheds of Rio Grande do Sul, five simple sequence repeat markers were used to analyze 90 individuals, representing three populations. The genetic structure of S. romanzoffiana groups was evaluated through the analysis of molecular variance and a multivariate analysis based on Nei’s genetic distance. The evaluated populations showed significant intrapopulation molecular variation ( FST = 0.11). The observed heterozygosity ( HO = 0.17) was lower than the expected heterozygosity ( HE = 0.75). These data indicate that although the number of individuals is high, the diversity is low for some indices. Our findings suggest that further studies are needed, particularly on the genetics of natural populations of S. romanzoffiana in Rio Grande do Sul State, to fully characterize their genetic diversity and structure and determine strategies and priority areas for species conservation.

Management of pindo palm (Syagrus romanzoffiana Arecaceae) in rearing of Coleoptera edible larvae by the Guarani of Northeastern Argentina

Management of pindo palm (Syagrus romanzoffiana Arecaceae) in rearing of Coleoptera edible larvae by the Guarani of Northeastern Argentina

Endozoochory by Didelphis albiventris Lund, 1840 (Mammalia, Didelphimorphia) in a Semideciduous Seasonal Forest remnant in the South of Brazil

Abstract Seed dispersal is a process that is fundamental to maintenance of forest ecosystems, enabling plants to successfully germinate in sites that are favorable to their growth, minimizing risks of competition, the action of pathogens and predation by herbivores. Intraspecific and seasonal variations in fruit consumption by Didelphis albiventris, and its contribution to dispersal and germination of endozoochorous seeds were analyzed in a Semideciduous seasonal forest. The study was conducted at Morro do Coco, which is a hilly area in the municipal district of Viamão, RS, Brazil, bordering the shore of Guaíba lake (30º16’15”S, 51º02’54”W), between June 2013 and May 2014, with a total sampling effort of 2992 trap-nights. A total of 18 individuals were captured and 24 fecal samples were collected. Fruits were identified in 96% of the samples, corresponding to 18 plant species, belonging to 10 families. The most common species were Ficus cestrifolia and Syagrus romanzoffiana, which occurred in 66% of the samples, followed by Banara parviflora and Cecropia pachystachya, both with a 25% rate of occurrence. There were no differences between the richness of fruit consumed by males and females (t = 0.083; DF = 32; p = 0.934) and there were no seasonal variations (H = 3.165; p = 0.367). The greatest breadth of dietary niche occurred during the summer, when twice as many fruit species were recorded in the diet than during the autumn, which was the season with the smallest breadth. Both germination percentage and germination velocity of Ficus cestrifolia and Psidium sp. seeds increased after passage through the animals’ digestive tracts (percentage germination increased more than 40% and velocity was up to 7 times highest). Didelphis albiventris can be considered a frugivorous-omnivorous species, since fruit are an important item of its diet, and it contributes to dispersal of a large quantity of small endozoochorous seeds, increasing both germination percentage and germination velocity of some species.

First report of a ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma palmae’-related subgroup 16SrIV-D phytoplasma on Trachycarpus fortunei

Chinese windmill palms (Trachycarpus fortunei) exhibiting canopy decline symptoms suspected of being associated with a phytoplasma were observed in a residential landscape in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA. Internal stem tissue from diseased palms was tested for the presence of date palm lethal decline and lethal yellowing-related phytoplasmas. A ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma palmae’-related subgroup 16SrIV-D phytoplasma was detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and confirmed by sequencing. The subgroup 16SrIV-D phytoplasmas have previously been reported on buccaneer palm, cabbage palm, Canary Island date palm, edible date palm, green thatch palm, pigmy date palm, queen palm, Rio Grande palmetto, and silver date palm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a ‘Ca. P. palmae’ -related subgroup 16SrIV-D phytoplasma on T. fortunei.

In vitro germination of zygotic embryos excised from cryopreserved endocarps of queen palm (Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman)

Queen palm (Syagrus romanzoffiana [Cham.] Glassman) is a palm species best known as an ornamental tree for urban landscaping, but recently, it has been evaluated as a potential crop for biofuel production. The objective of the present work was to establish a cryopreservation technique for queen palm to ensure long-term conservation of this species. The cryopreservation protocol consisted of direct immersion in liquid nitrogen (LN) of whole endocarps with water contents ranging from 5.5 to 10.9%, followed by slow thawing at room temperature (25 ± 2°C) excision and in vitro culture of zygotic embryos. Viability of zygotic embryos isolated from endocarps with different water contents was evaluated before (control) and after freezing in LN using in vitro culture on Woody Plant Medium (WPM) medium. Germination percentages of zygotic embryos isolated from endocarps stored in LN varied from 84 to 93%, whereas those isolated from controls ranged from 55 to 71%. Germination rates were significantly higher for zygotic embryos excised from cryopreserved endocarps. The water content of control or frozen endocarps did not have a significant effect on germination percentages of zygotic embryos. Zygotic embryos excised from endocarps following cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen developed into normal plantlets after in vitro culture. The technique tested is simple, efficient, and can be used in plant gene banks as a routine approach for long-term conservation of queen palm germplasm.

Condiciones paleoambientales y ocupaciones humanas en el sitio Familia Primón (Coronda, Santa Fe): aportes desde la arqueopalinología

In this paper, we present the results of pollen analysis carried out at the Familia Primon archaeological site, located in a transitional area of the Parana River floodplain (Santa Fe, Argentina). The aim of this study was to undertake a preliminary analysis of the archaeopalynological assemblage, and thereby provide an insight into the availability of plant resources that might have been used by hunter-gatherers in the past. In so doing, the identification and interpretation of the pollen recovered from the site was carried out. The collated record shows a first pollen zone characterized by the predominance of herbaceous and arboreal-bushes, typical of a xerophilous forest. A second zone was observed around the 470±50 years BP mark. This zone suggests a relative increase in humidity, given the presence of typical vegetal taxa ( v.g. Prosopis sp., Celtis sp. and Syagrus romanzoffiana ) that have intrinsic qualities useful for the human subsistence.

Chemical evaluation of the Rhynchophorus ferrugineus larvae fed on different substrates as human food source.

We investigated the chemical composition of the weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus larvae, traditionally used as human food in Asia and known worldwide as one of the most significant pest for palm trees. Total fat content and fatty acid composition were analyzed using standard methodologies in (1) weevil larvae reared on apple fruit slices and wild specimens collected from attacked (2) Phoenix canariensis and (3) Syagrus romanzoffiana palm trees. Total fat content was extremely high in all the specimens (ranged between 57.62 and 60.03% based on dry weight). Despite sharing the same prevalent fatty acids (myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, α-linoleic acid, and α-linolenic acid), fatty acid composition of the wild weevil larvae significantly differed from that of the specimens raised on apple fruit, due to the presence of other minor compounds. In general, a good balance between unsaturated fatty acids (∼53.68% of total fatty acids) and saturated fatty acids (∼43.41% of total fatty acids) and a low cholesterol content (74.61-152.32 mg/kg based on dry matter) were detected in all the specimens. Conversely, the weevil larvae did not represent a good source of α-tocopherol (14.17-26.22 mg/kg based on dry matter). The ability of the protein extracts obtained from the weevil larvae to inhibit invitro the angiotensin-converting enzyme, the main enzyme involved in blood pressure regulation, was also investigated. To simulate gastrointestinal digestion process, protein extracts were hydrolyzed by the gastrointestinal enzymes. A significantly lower IC50 (0.588-0.623 mg/ml) was measured in all the protein extracts after enzymatic hydrolysis versus the corresponding crude protein extracts (3.270-3.752 mg/ml). Given that the weevil larvae are able to provide interesting benefits for human health, this study supports their use as human food not just in the native countries where they are traditionally consumed and farmed but also throughout the world.

Early genetic consequences of defaunation in a large-seeded vertebrate-dispersed palm (Syagrus romanzoffiana).

Plant populations are seriously threatened by anthropogenic habitat disturbance. In particular, defaunation may disrupt plant-disperser mutualisms, thus reducing levels of seed-mediated gene flow and genetic variation in animal-dispersed plants. This may ultimately limit their adaptive potential and ability to cope with environmental change. Tropical forest remnants are typically deprived of medium to large vertebrates upon which many large-seeded plants rely for accomplishing effective seed dispersal. Our main goal was to examine the potential early genetic consequences of the loss of large vertebrates for large-seeded vertebrate-dispersed plants. We compared the genetic variation in early-stage individuals of the large-seeded palm Syagrus romanzoffiana between continuous protected forest and nearby partially defaunated fragments in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Using nine microsatellites, we found lower allelic richness and stronger fine-scale spatial genetic structure in the disturbed area. In addition, the percentage of dispersed recruits around conspecific adults was lower, although not significantly, in the disturbed area (median values: 0.0 vs 14.4%). On the other hand, no evidence of increased inbreeding or reduced pollen-mediated gene flow (selfing rate and diversity of pollen donors) was found in the disturbed area. Our findings are strongly suggestive of some early genetic consequences resulting from the limitation in contemporary gene flow via seeds, but not pollen, in defaunated areas. Plant-disperser mutualisms involving medium-large frugivores, which are seriously threatened in tropical systems, should therefore be protected to warrant the maintenance of seed-mediated gene flow and genetic diversity in large-seeded plants.

Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of snack bars added of jerivá flour (Syagrus romanzoffiana)

The objective of this work was to characterize promising fruit crops and to explore opportunities for the sustainable and commercial use of flours obtained from fruits as an ingredient in snack bars. The fruit selected was Jeriva, which grow from north to eastern Brazil, and can be found in the Savanna biome. The fruit flour was obtained from dehydrated pulps and the proximate composition, dietary fiber, vitamin C, % scavenging free radicals, mineral composition, pH, oBrix, titratable acidity and sensory analysis were determined. The flour was incorporated into the formulation by partial substitution of the standard ingredients of snack bars. The presence of increasing amounts (up to 20%) of Jeriva fruit flour resulted in sensory accepted snack bars, with 7.02 average in the scores evaluated, without significant differences among the formulations and significantly increased the protein at 7.12%, vitamin C 40.81 mg.g-1 and fiber contentes showed values at 6.66% for dietary fiber. Moreover, the results of free radical scavenging confirmed the greater antioxidant activity proportional to the increment of flour. Therefore, Jeriva fruit flour could be an alternative sensorily acceptable, for obtaining of snack bars.

EFICIÊNCIA DE SISTEMAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO EM MUDAS DE ESPÉCIES FLORESTAIS NATIVAS PRODUZIDAS EM TUBETES

A baixa qualidade de mudas pode advir de problemas na irrigação e/ou nutrição das mudas em sua fase de formação em viveiros. Em relação à irrigação, problemas podem surgir referentes à má distribuição da água ou mesmo seu manejo, levando ao deficit ou ao excesso de irrigação, enquanto o excesso pode lixiviar nutrientes, o deficit pode prejudicar o desenvolvimento da planta. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar a eficiência de irrigação de um sistema de irrigação por microaspersão já instalado em um viveiro de mudas de espécies florestais e também avaliar a eficiência de um sistema de subirrigação de mudas florestais nativas cultivadas em tubetes. A avaliação da eficiência da microaspersão foi realizada em um viveiro de mudas de espécies nativas florestais na cidade de Itutinga - MG, o delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC) em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, estando o equipamento de irrigação na parcela (três níveis: MA-20, Rondo e Inverted Rotor Spray) e três espécies florestais na subparcela. Na avaliação de eficiência em tubetes de 300 cm³, as categorias da subparcela foram: araucária (Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze.), jerivá (Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman) e cutieira (Joannesia princeps Vell.). Em tubetes de 110 cm³ os três níveis da subparcela foram as espécies: mutamba (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam.), angico-vermelho (Anadenanthera macrocarpa Benth.) e peroba-rosa (Aspidosperma polyneuron Muell.). A avaliação da eficiência da subirrigação foi realizada em uma estufa localizada na Universidade Federal de Lavras, em dois tanques de subirrigação em três repetições. As maiores eficiências de aplicação foram obtidas para o emissor modelo MA-20. Não houve diferenças significativas entre a eficiência de aplicação dos microaspersores em relação às espécies estudadas, em ambos os tubetes. A eficiência de irrigação no tanque de tubetes de 300 cm³ foi 90,42%, enquanto para tubetes de 110 cm³ foi 92,17%. Os tanques de subirrigação mostraram-se como alternativa interessante para irrigação de mudas das espécies florestais testadas, apresentando alta eficiência para os dois tamanhos de tubetes avaliados.