Quaternary System Research Articles

Structural, thermal and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic properties of boro-tellurite based quaternary glass system

The structural, functional and thermal properties of the TeZnCaB glass system were investigated in this work. The thermal properties of the glass system were studied using DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), and the glass transition temperature (Tg) decreased from 470 °C to 438 °C with increasing TeO2 concentration. The vibrational and bending modes of the TeZnCaB glass samples were depicted by Raman spectroscopy analysis. FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) was performed to investigate the functional groups of TeO2 and B2O3 in the samples. The TeZnCaB glass samples consist of TeO3, TeO4, BO4 and BO3 structural units. XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) was investigated to reveal information about the chemical environment and the creation of NBO (non-bridging oxygen) and BO (bridging oxygen) for the different glass systems. The high-resolution Te3d spectrum confirms the presence of various tellurium-based structural units such as TeO4, TeO3, and TeO3+1. The deconvolution of B1s spectra confirmed the existence of two forms of boron (B) such as BO4 (four coordination) and BO3 (three coordination) in the TeZnCaB glass system.

An efficient design of Al-Cu-Mg-Sc casting alloys by computational thermodynamics

A self-consistent thermodynamic description of the Al-rich corner Al-Cu-Mg-Sc quaternary system was established using the CALPHAD technique based on published experimental phase equilibria. Utilizing the crack susceptibility index, growth restriction factor, and thermodynamic calculations along the vertical section of Al-4Cu-1.5Mg-xSc (wt%), we developed a new Sc-modified Al-Cu-Mg casting alloy. The optimal addition of Sc was predicted to be 0.65 wt% by alloy design and confirmed through key experiments. This alloy achieves an ultimate tensile strength and elongation of 325.15 MPa and 7.63 %, respectively. The HRTEM technique determines that the primary/peritectic (Al)/Al2CuMg interface is partially coherent in three dimensions, while Al3Sc is uniformly distributed in the (Al) matrix, and the primary/peritectic (Al)/Al3Sc is fully coherent in three dimensions. In addition, the strengthening mechanism and CET mechanism were further analyzed and discussed.

SAFT2 equation of state for the CH4–CO2–H2O–NaCl quaternary system with applications to CO2 storage in depleted gas reservoirs

Understanding the phase equilibria and physical-chemical characteristics of the CH4–CO2–H2O–NaCl quaternary system is important for evaluating costs and risks for the storage of CO2 in depleted natural gas reservoirs as well as fluid inclusion studies. In this study, phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties of this system were investigated through the utilization of a statistical association fluid theory-based (SAFT) equation of state (EOS) at temperatures from 298 to 513 K (25–240 °C), pressures up to 600 bar (60 MPa) and concentration of NaCl up to 6 mol/kgH2O. The model parameters were obtained from the fitting of available experimental data of subsystems (i.e., CH4–H2O, CH4–CO2, and CH4–H2O–NaCl) that were judged to be reliable and incorporation of available parameters for the subsystems (i.e., pure component, CO2–H2O, and CO2–H2O–NaCl). Using the SAFT EOS developed in this study, we predicted the solubility of (CH4 + CO2) gas mixtures in pure H2O and compared it with the available experimental data and the predicted values from four popular numerical simulators. The results indicate that our model can provide reliable predictions for the CH4–CO2–H2O ternary system. Subsequently, we further predicted the phase equilibria and density of the CH4–CO2–H2O–NaCl system with NaCl varying from 0 to 6 mol/kgH2O. We also employed the SAFT EOS to predict the solubility of CO2 and CH4 in the water-alternating-gas process for CO2-enhanced oil recovery, demonstrating good agreement with the simulation results obtained through the Peng-Robinson EOS for predicting the CO2 and CH4 solubility. These predicted thermodynamic properties and phase behaviors in the CH4–CO2–H2O–NaCl system provide quantitative insights into the implications of CO2 storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs.

Construction of quaternary ammonium nitroxy-hybrid magnetic mesoporous silica adsorbent system and its selective adsorption research of Re(Ⅶ)/Cu(Ⅱ)

This study focussed on the development of a quaternary ammonium nitroxy-hybrid magnetic mesoporous silica adsorption system (Fe3O4@MS-SiO2@3-CPTES@Tetra-N-ACE, Fe3O4@MS-SiO2@3-CPTES@Tetra-2N@ACE and Fe3O4@MS-SiO2@3-CPTES@Tetra-DE) was established with adsorption structures consisting of 1,4,7,10,13-pentaoxa-16-azacyclooctadecane (N-ACE), 1,4,10,13-tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane (2N-ACE) and a similar linear structure, 3,6-dioxy-1,8-octylenediamine (DE) for the selective separation of Re/Cu. The composites were characterized by Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), Energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS), X-ray Diffraction(XRD), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) measurements. The characterization of composites exhibits mesoporous and rich functional groups. The experimental results demonstrated that the Fe3O4@MS-SiO2@3-CPTES@Tetra-2N@ACE and Fe3O4@MS-SiO2@3-CPTES@Tetra-DE possessed superior adsorption capacities of Re(VII) in a wide acidic environment (pH=3–6). The maximum adsorption capacity of Fe3O4@MS-SiO2@3-CPTES@Tetra-2N@ACE and Fe3O4@MS-SiO2@3-CPTES@Tetra-DE were respectively up to 331.77 mg·g−1, 395.54 mg·g−1 at pH 5.0. Furthermore, the adsorption rate of these adsorbents was fast for only 2 h to absorb more than 80 % of Re(VII). Notably, when Fe3O4@MS-SiO2@3-CPTES@Tetra-2N@ACE and Fe3O4@MS-SiO2@3-CPTES@Tetra-DE were added into the rhenium copper binary solution with the concentration ratio from 1:1 and 1:50, the Re (Ⅶ) / Cu (Ⅱ) selectivity was constantly excellent (SelRe/Cu value > 1.46, SelRe/Cu max = 4.96). After 5 desorption processes for Re (Ⅶ) with 3 mol·L−1 NaCl and 1 mol·L−1 NaCl, respectively, the adsorption efficiency decreased by less than 10 % at Fe3O4@MS-SiO2@3-CPTES@Tetra-2N@ACE and Fe3O4@MS-SiO2@3-CPTES@Tetra-DE. The adsorption mechanism between the adsorbents and Re(VII) was mainly electrostatic interaction and ion exchange through TEM-EDS, FT-IR, and XPS. This novel adsorption system had a promising application in the selective separation of Re(VII)/Cu(Ⅱ).

Insights into reduction of hysteresis in (Mn, Fe)2(P, Si) compounds by experimental approach and Landau theory

The giant magnetocaloric effect in (Mn, Fe)2(P, Si) based alloys arises from a magnetoelastic ferromagnetic-paramagnetic (FM-PM) phase transition accompanied by a large thermal hysteresis. The thermal hysteresis leads to an undesirable irreversibility of the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) during cyclic operation, impeding the practical application in solid-state magnetic refrigeration. Here, we present pre-existing PM nuclei play a role in reducing hysteresis. A combinatorial analysis, using in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) microscopy, reveals that the residual PM phases at the ferromagnetic state of the compound acts as the nuclei for the growth of the PM phases. This is kinetically favorable for the FM-PM phase transition and contributes to a smaller hysteresis from an extrinsic perspective. In addition, the smaller changes in the lattice constants during the phase transition indicates a weakened first-order phase transition. Through a combined effect of intrinsic and extrinsic contributions, a giant MCE in the magnetic entropy change of 16 J kg–1 K−1 under 2 T and a low thermal hysteresis of 3.0 K were achieved in a basic Mn–Fe–Si–P quaternary system for room temperature applications. Furthermore, based on Landau theory and experimentally obtained data, we established an H-T phase diagram and unveiled the crucial role of the magnetoelastic coupling in manipulating thermal hysteresis. Overall, the findings in this work offer a strategy to mitigate hysteresis while retaining a large MCE through extrinsic control.

Investigation on the compressive strength, chloride migration of MK-FA-LS blended cementitious materials with electrochemical techniques

Blended cementitious materials has become an efficient method to reduce the CO2 emission while improving the long-time performance in construction filed, especially for the application of combined supplementary cementitious materials. However, the microstructure and performance evolution of the new materials need further deep investigation. In this study, metakaolin (MK), fly ash (FA) and limestone (LS) was introduced in cementitious materials to form a complicated quaternary system. The compressive strength and chloride migration performance are evaluated, with different MK/FA proportions. Then through the calorimetry test, X-ray Diffraction (XRD)/Rietveld analysis, free water content measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) test, the phase assemblage and microstructure quantification of the blended systems are compared. Finally, to better understand the performance change, the correlation between the compressive strength/chloride migration coefficient and the electrochemical parameters are established. Results showed that the combination of MK, FA and LS is beneficial for the improvement of compressive strength and the chloride resistance in a proper mix design. EIS is a proper nondestructive method to understand the microstructure evolution of blended systems and even predict the chloride resistance of similar systems. This study shields a light for the application of the quaternary system, with a better durability, higher CO2 emission reduction and lower price.

Stress-tunable abilities of glass forming and mechanical amorphization

Mechanical amorphization, a widely observed phenomenon, has been utilized to synthesize novel phases by inducing disorder through external loading, thereby expanding the realm of glass-forming systems. Empirically, it has been plausible that mechanical amorphization ability consistently correlates with glass-forming ability. However, through a comprehensive investigation in binary, ternary, and quaternary systems combining neutron diffraction, calorimetric experimental approaches and molecular dynamics simulation, we demonstrate that this impression is only partly true and we reveal that the mechanical amorphization ability can be inversely correlated with the glass forming ability in certain cases To provide insights into these intriguing findings, we present a stress-dependent nucleation theory that offers a coherent explanation for both experimental and simulation results. Our study identifies the intensity of mechanical work, contributed by external stress, as the key control parameter for mechanical amorphization, rendering the ability to tune this process. This discovery not only unravels the underlying correlation between mechanical amorphization and glass-forming ability but also provides a pathway for the design and discovery of new amorphous phases with tailored properties.

Development of a quaternary photocurable system for 3D printing based on the addition of acrylate monomers to an epoxy/thiol‐Ene system

AbstractThe exothermic nature of acrylate photopolymerizations enables room temperature 3D printing of a quaternary formulation that incorporates an acrylate monomer, and an epoxy/thiol‐ene system (ETES). The latter comprises an epoxy monomer, a multifunctional thiol and a tetraallyl functionalized ditertiary amine curing agent. Pristine ETES necessitates temperatures of 85–95 °C for curing. Several mechanisms operate simultaneously during this process: homopolymerization of acrylates, thiol‐acrylate photopolymerization, thiol‐ene photopolymerization between the double bonds of curing agent and the multifunctional thiol, the Michael addition between thiolates derived from ETES and the double bonds of acrylates, and the anionic polymerization of the epoxy resin via the tertiary amine groups. To optimize the quaternary formulations for printing, parameters, such as reactivity, exothermicity, and viscosity, was explored. Subsequently, the thermal and viscoelastic properties of the printed cross‐linked polymers derived from these formulations were analyzed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The polymers derived from quaternary formulations exhibited lower crosslinked density compared to those obtained from the pristine acrylates. This reduction in crosslink density contributes to the improved toughness of the hybrid polymers.

Evaluation of the possibility of searching for groundwater using electrical resistivity tomography based on the data of numerical modelling in complicated permafrost conditions (the case of the territory in the eastern part of the Republic of Buryatia)

Relevance. Groundwater is the main source of industrial and technical water supply for mining facilities. The geological structure of the studied areas can be complicated by various factors that make it difficult to search for and localize groundwater. In this regard, electrical geophysical prospecting methods are often included in the complex of prospecting and exploration works, before which it is necessary to justify the application of the chosen method for solving the problems by performing numerical modelling. Aim. To substantiate the use of electrical resistivity tomography for the search for groundwater, taking into account complicating factors, including perennially frozen rocks, taliks, and fault zone, by numerical modelling. Objects. Geological environment represented by Quaternary system rocks and permafrost rocks of Cretaceous sediments of the Zazinskaya intermontane area, fault zone, talik zones. Methods. Solution of the direct problem, solution of the inverse problem, ground geophysical surveys using electrical resistivity tomography. Results. Based on the performed numerical modelling, it is shown that the use of electrical resistivity tomography is expedient when searching for groundwater in the area characterized by various factors: permafrost, talik, and a fault zone. Based on the results of solving direct and inverse problems of electrical survey, using field works performed in 2020 in the Eravninsky district of the Republic of Buryatia as an example, it is shown that pole-dipole arrays in electric resistivity survey with electrode distance of 5 m, successfully confirmed by drilling operations, allow us reliably delineate potential zones of water inflow. These zones, characterized by low values of electrical resistivity, in this area, are related to talik zones, which are powered by heat flow from the bowels of the earth.

Energy-efficient design of quaternary logic gates and arithmetic circuits using hybrid CNTFET-RRAM technology

Multi-valued logic (MVL) extends binary logic by providing a framework to represent complex systems with more than two truth values. MVL was introduced to confront the enormous interconnect issue associated with the binary logic in implementing the presnt day complex nanoelectronic architectures. This paper delves into the circuit design, computational aspects, and practical applications of the quaternary logic system, which is a type of MVL with four truth values. The multi-threshold property of carbon nanotube field-effect-transistors (CNTFETs), combined with the ability of resistive random-access memory (RRAM) to store multiple resistance values, has enabled the design of quaternary logic gates and arithmetic circuits. A new CNTFET-based design architecture has been proposed to implement the quaternary logic compatible with the existing technologies. Quaternary logic gates such as inverter, NAND, and NOR, and quaternary arithmetic circuits including decoder, half adder, and multiplier have been designed. The power-delay-product (PDP) of the proposed quaternary inverter, NAND, NOR, half adder, and multiplier is 62.38%, 93.4%, 80.29%, 14.79%, and 20% less than the least PDP of the quaternary designs under consideration. The static power reduction due to the effecciency of the design architecture and high OFF state resistance offered by integrating RRAM into the logic design was explored.The proposed circuits have been subject to various types of parameter variations to validate thir proper functionality in presence of these variations.

Exploring Selenide Synthesis Pathways for Optimizing Energy Conversion.

This study investigated the structural and electrochemical characteristics of binary and quaternary systems comprising nickel, cobalt, and iron selenides. The powders were obtained via a solvothermal route. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy revealed significant phase diversity. It was observed that increasing the proportion of d-block metals in quaternary systems enhances structural entropy, potentially leading to more homogeneous and stable structures dominated by energetically preferred components such as nickel. The electrochemical analysis indicated that the binary system exhibited a reversible redox reaction, with nickel selenide-based samples demonstrating the highest electrochemically active surface area. Quaternary systems display varying degrees of electrochemical stability. An equal contribution of nickel, cobalt, and iron appears beneficial in achieving stable electrodes. This research contributes to understanding the relationship between transition metal selenides' structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties, providing insights into their potential applications in hydrogen generation.

The perception interaction of complex fruits aroma system: Including binary, ternary, quaternary, and with different chain length, functional groups and substituent positions compounds

The perceptual interactions between key aroma compounds (binary, ternary, and quaternary) of fruits were comprehensively evaluated using thresholds, odor activity values, Feller's additive model (S-curve), σ-τ diagram, and U model. Meanwhile, support vector machine (SVM) was initially introduced to evaluate and compare the 5 methods for selecting the most appropriate approach for investigating fruits aroma interaction. Finally, the effects of aroma molecular structure characteristics (chain length, functional group and substituent site) on the interaction was investigated. The results showed that S-curve, σ-τ diagram and U model are suitable for the binary and ternary systems, and σ-τ diagram and U model are suitable for quaternary systems. Furthermore, the functional groups strongly (P < 0.05) influenced the perception interactions. Especially, the greater the difference in carbon chain length, the more significant the synergistic effect of aldehydes and alcohols with similar chains, and the substituent site had no significant effect on aroma interactions.

Solid-Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Pb2+, Ca2+, Mg2+//Cl--H2O Quaternary System and Its Subsystems at 303.2 K.

The solid-liquid phase equilibria of the ternary systems Pb2+, Ca2+//Cl--H2O, Pb2+, Mg2+//Cl--H2O, and Ca2+, Mg2+//Cl--H2O were investigated at atmospheric pressure and T = 303.2 K using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. Additionally, solid phase equilibria of the quaternary system Pb2+, Mg2+, and Ca2+//Cl--H2O were determined, and the corresponding stable phase diagrams and density-composition diagrams were constructed. The results indicate that the phase diagrams of Pb2+, Ca2+//Cl--H2O mainly consist of a ternary invariant point, two solubility curves, and four crystalline regions, while there are two ternary invariant points, three solubility curves, and six crystalline regions in the Pb2+, Mg2+//Cl--H2O and Ca2+, Mg2+//Cl--H2O systems. The results of the density-versus-w(CaCl2) plots of the various ternary systems confirm that the density of the equilibrium solution tends to go upward with the increase in the mass fraction of CaCl2. The density of various ternary systems reaches the maximum and equilibrium at the corresponding invariant point, and there is no significant change with the further increase in the CaCl2 mass fraction. Furthermore, the phase diagram of the Pb2+, Mg2+, Ca2+//Cl--H2O quaternary system includes two invariant points, five isothermal dissolution curves, and five crystalline regions. The order of the relative areas of the crystalline regions for the five salts is PbCl2 > CaCl2·2MgCl2·12H2O > 2PbCl2·3MgCl2·18H2O > MgCl2·6H2O > CaCl2·4H2O.

Crystal structure prediction of Li4x Mg2(1−x)P2O7 by first-principles calculations

We conduct first-principles calculations to investigate the phase stability of the pseudo-binary Li4x Mg2(1−x)P2O7 system, a promising solid electrolyte material. Our approach involves exploring stable structures through crystal structure prediction simulations and the generation of structures by cation substitution. We then discuss the phase stability of four P2O7 frameworks. For the composition of Li2MgP2O7, we find that the structure with the same P2O7 framework as Li2.2Zn0.8P2O7 appears as a metastable phase. Our results agree well with the experimental results and provide insights into the material design within the Li–Mg–P–O quaternary system for next-generation battery technology.

Comparative study of physical properties of As2Se3 and (As2Se3)90Ge10 glassy alloys doped with metallic impurities

To examine the compositional and chemical effects on the glassy system, one must first understand its network structure. Alloying glassy systems cause significant conformal and configurational changes. The optical and physical parameters of As2Se3 and (As2Se3)90Ge10 glassy alloys doped with metallic impurities (X = Bi, Cd, Pb, Sb) have been evaluated. A comparison of the physical properties of glassy alloys has been made as the doping elements increase, i.e., from binary to ternary to quaternary system, and an effort has been made to correlate the optical and physical parameters. The optical density (Dop) and penetration depth (δ) have been calculated from the reported absorption coefficient (α) data. The mean coordination number (<r>) and the number of floppy modes (Mf) calculations show that the floppy regions are decreasing, and hence, the rigidity is increasing when As–Se is doped with Ge and As–Se-Ge is doped with X. The density (ρ) and packing density (PD) have also been evaluated, which are interrelated to the parameters like refractive index (n) and δ. Cohesive energy (CE), mean bond energy (<E>), and glass transition temperature (Tg) values give an insight into the stability and average crosslinking of the system with alloying. The conduction and valence band potentials have supported the optical bandgap (Egopt) values variation.

Chemically reactive and aging macromolecular mixtures. I. Phase diagrams, spinodals, and gelation

Multicomponent macromolecular mixtures often form higher-order structures, which may display non-ideal mixing and aging behaviors. In this work, we first propose a minimal model of a quaternary system that takes into account the formation of a complex via a chemical reaction involving two macromolecular species; the complex may then phase separate from the buffer and undergo a further transition into a gel-like state. We subsequently investigate how physical parameters such as molecular size, stoichiometric coefficients, equilibrium constants, and interaction parameters affect the phase behavior of the mixture and its propensity to undergo aging via gelation. In addition, we analyze the thermodynamic stability of the system and identify the spinodal regions and their overlap with gelation boundaries. The approach developed in this work can be readily generalized to study systems with an arbitrary number of components. More broadly, it provides a physically based starting point for the investigation of the kinetics of the coupled complex formation, phase separation, and gelation processes in spatially extended systems.

Wetting and aggregation mechanisms of coal molecules via XTG and SDBS based on molecular simulation

To study the interaction process of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and xanthan gum (XTG) molecules in a composite dust suppressant and its influence mechanisms on the wettability and agglomeration characteristics of bituminous coal dust, Material Studio software was used to establish water–XTG binary system models, water–SDBS–XTG ternary system models, and water–SDBS–XTG–coal quaternary system models. Then, molecular dynamics simulations were performed through angular distribution, relative concentration distribution, mean squared displacement (MSD), and interaction energy to study the interaction mechanism between SDBS and XTG and the change in wettability of coal dust. Results showed that the configuration in the binary system changed after stabilization, and SDBS transformed from a disordered state into a directional arrangement with the head group oriented toward the liquid phase and the tail group oriented toward the gas phase. In the ternary system, the head group of SDBS interacted with the XTG molecules, and the XTG wound into a helical structure, reducing the viscosity of the solution. With an increase in the number of SDBS molecules, the angle of the head group of SDBS and the tail chain of SDBS increased to 113.95°. The number of H bonds in the system increased from 1676 to 1697. In the quaternary system, the rate of change of the diffusion coefficient continuously increases. The absolute value of the interaction energy increased from 5920.48 kJ/mol to 9295.35 kJ/mol. The higher the concentration of SDBS, the better the adsorption effect, and the more stable the molecular configuration. The number of H bonds and the distribution area of the overlapping region between water and coal gradually increased, indicating that the larger the area where water molecules could penetrate into the coal molecules, the better the wetting effect on coal. This study reveals the intermolecular interaction process and the mechanisms of coal dust wetting and agglomeration in a composite dust suppressant. It provides theoretical support for the application of this composite dust suppressant.

Multicomponent organic blend systems: A review of quaternary organic photovoltaics

AbstractEmbedding a third and/or fourth component into a binary blend active layer of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) is a promising approach to achieve high‐performance photovoltaic cells and modules. This multicomponent strategy favors absorption broadening via additional components. Quaternary OPV (QOPV) blends have four components in three possible configurations: (i) a donor and three acceptors, (ii) two donors and two acceptors, or (iii) three donors and an acceptor. Although quaternary systems have only been relatively recently studied compared to other systems in OPVs, leveraging the synergistic effects of the four components leads to record power conversion efficiencies, currently approaching 20%. QOPVs provide ample material choices for compatibility and channels for charge transfer mechanisms, possibly leading to optimized morphology and orientation. Reviewing recent progress in advancing QOPVs is essential for understanding their contribution to the OPV field. The review mainly discusses research progress in QOPVs with a keen interest in their various configurations, semitransparency, and outdoor and indoor applications. It describes the not‐well‐understood QOPV's general working mechanism. This review explores high‐performance QOPVs based on the fourth component's contribution as a donor, acceptor, or dye molecule and beyond in photovoltaic applications. Finally, there is a discussion around QOPV's outlook and projected future research directions in this field. This review intends to provide an overview of the quaternary systems approach to OPVs and inform current and future researchers on investigating the full spectrum of OPVs.

Phase complex modeling and experimental identification of the compositions of low-melting electrolyte mixtures in the stable triangle LiF-NaF-KCl of the quaternary reciprocal system Li+,Na+,K+||F−,Cl−

Phase complex modeling and experimental identification of the compositions of low-melting electrolyte mixtures in the stable triangle LiF-NaF-KCl of the quaternary reciprocal system Li+,Na+,K+||F−,Cl−

Viscosity Calculation for Al‐Si‐Mg‐Fe System through CALPHAD Method

Viscosity is a crucial parameter affecting the fluidity of metal melts, which directly influences founding properties of Al alloys. However, obtaining viscosity measurement data is difficult for metal melts, and the viscosity prediction for ternary and multi‐component alloys would provide the significant data for selection of process parameters. This study compares the applicability of the Hirai model, SDS model, and R‐K function for viscosity calculations in the sub‐binary systems of Al‐Si‐Mg‐Fe alloys. R‐K function shows the best agreement with experimental data. However, the SDS model shows lower relative error than Hirai model which would play an important role in those system lacking experimental data to predict the viscosities. Ultimately, a database capable of predicting viscosity values for the entire composition and temperature range of the Al‐Si‐Mg‐Fe system was established using the CALPHAD method. Viscosity parameters for Al‐Si, Al‐Mg, Al‐Fe, Mg‐Si, and Mg‐Fe were evaluated and optimized through the R‐K derivation, corroborated with existing experimental data. Using the R‐K function, successful extrapolation and prediction of viscosity for the Al‐Si‐Mg‐Fe ternary and quaternary systems were achieved, with a mean square error between predicted and experimental values of only 0.7%, demonstrating the successful application of the Al‐Si‐Mg‐Fe database for viscosity prediction.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.