Quarter-vehicle Test Research Articles

An adaptive sliding mode fault-tolerant control for semi-active suspensions with magnetorheological dampers based on T-S fuzzy vehicle models

This paper investigates an improved adaptive sliding mode fault-tolerant control strategy for a magnetorheological semi-active suspension system with parametric uncertainties and actuator faults. Using the experimental data collected by a quarter-vehicle test rig, an adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system is employed to establish a learning-based magnetorheological damper model firstly. The Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy approach is introduced to deal with the uncertainties of sprung mass and pitch rotary inertia and then the corresponding Takagi-Sugeno faulty semi-active suspension system is constructed. An adaptive sliding mode fault-tolerant controller is proposed, in which the magnetorheological damper fault gain is observed by the designed estimation law, and the asymptotical stability of the system is further analyzed. Finally, numerical simulation tests are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed control scheme.

The Magnetorheological Fluid: Testing on Automotive Braking System

This paper presents the testing of a Magnetorheological brake (MRB) in the braking system of a vehicle. Two techniques are used to determine the capability of the brake system which are the simulation via Matlab Simulink Software and experimental study by using a quarter vehicle test rig. A Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) is employed as a wheel speed control as well as to enforce the MRB to produce the required braking torque need by a vehicle. A dynamic test, namely sudden braking test is performed in three rotational speed conditions which are from 127.5 rad/s (1200 rpm) to 31.42 rad/s (300 rpm), 52.37 Rad/s (500 rpm) and 73.31 rad/s (700 rpm) in two different wheel load which are 10 kg and 15 kg, respectively. The behaviours to be assessed are wheel speed response and brake torque produced by the MRB. From the observation, it is concluded that the capability of the MRB in providing the required brake torque is promising and harmony between simulation and experimental response.

CONTROL AND EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION ON A QUARTER-CAR TEST RIG

In this paper a quarter-vehicle full-scale suspension test rig was designed and manufactured,the suspension is considered semi-active as the electrohydraulic (EH) damper used is fullycontrolled. This gives an indoor-based simulation tool which is important for vehicle testing;.This reduces the cost significantly with accurate results, especially when designing a newsuspension system. The aim of the current work was to build a new quarter-vehicle test rigwith expandable capabilities for diverse design objectives, also may be used for academicpurposes. The control objective was achieved by using dynamic characteristics of theelectrohydraulic (EH) damper to suppress the oscillation of the sprung mass due to roadirregularities. The test rig was constructed using a Genesis G80 (2016) suspension system.Finally, the simulation results demonstrated that the proposed controller used be able toefficiently regulate the chassis vertical oscillation under these irregularities. The experimentalresults for the quarter-car model showed good results between experimental and simulatedresults, where the proportion of conformity about 95%

E CONTROL AND EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION ON A QUARTER-CAR TEST RIG

In this paper a quarter-vehicle full-scale suspension test rig was designed and manufactured,the suspension is considered semi-active as the electrohydraulic (EH) damper used is fullycontrolled. This gives an indoor-based simulation tool which is important for vehicle testing;.This reduces the cost significantly with accurate results, especially when designing a newsuspension system. The aim of the current work was to build a new quarter-vehicle test rigwith expandable capabilities for diverse design objectives, also may be used for academicpurposes. The control objective was achieved by using dynamic characteristics of theelectrohydraulic (EH) damper to suppress the oscillation of the sprung mass due to roadirregularities. The test rig was constructed using a Genesis G80 (2016) suspension system.Finally, the simulation results demonstrated that the proposed controller used be able toefficiently regulate the chassis vertical oscillation under these irregularities. The experimentalresults for the quarter-car model showed good results between experimental and simulatedresults, where the proportion of conformity about 95%.

A novel nonlinear road profile classification approach for controllable suspension system: Simulation and experimental validation

Driven by the increasing requirement for road conditions in the field of the controllable suspension system, this paper presents a novel nonlinear road-excitation classification procedure for arbitrary suspension control strategy. The proposed procedure includes four steps: the definition of controller parameters, selection of insensitive frequency ranges, calculation of superior features, and generation of the classifier. To better illustrate the proposed procedure, the clipped optimal control strategy is taken as an example in the simulation part. Simulation results reveal that the proposed method can accurately estimate road excitation level for various controller parameters, vehicle speeds, and vehicle models. Three contributions have been made in this paper: (1) A road classification procedure that can be used for road adaptive suspension control with any control algorithm is developed; (2) In order to improve classification accuracy, the concept of insensitive index which is based on the time-frequency analysis is proposed; (3) Experimental validation with a quarter vehicle test rig is performed, which has verified the effectiveness of the proposed method for the adaptive controllable suspension system.

Variable universe fuzzy control for vehicle semi-active suspension system with MR damper combining fuzzy neural network and particle swarm optimization

Abstract This study proposes a novel variable universe fuzzy control design for vehicle semi-active suspension system with magnetorheological (MR) damper through the combination of fuzzy neural network (FNN) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). By constructing a quarter-vehicle test rig equipped with MR damper and then collecting the measured data, a non-parametric model of MR damper based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system is first presented. And then a Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy controller is designed to achieve the effective control of the input current in MR damper by using the contraction-expansion factors. Furthermore, an appropriate FNN controller is proposed to obtain the contraction-expansion factors, in which particle swarm optimization and back propagation are introduced as the learning and training algorithm for the FNN controller. Lastly, a simulation investigation is provided to validate the proposed control scheme. The results of this study can provide the technical foundation for the development of vehicle semi-active suspension system.

Road profile estimation for suspension system based on the minimum model error criterion combined with a Kalman filter

This paper presents a novel approach for improving the estimation accuracy of the road profile for a vehicle suspension system. To meet the requirements of road profile estimation for road management and reproduction of system excitation, previous studies can be divided into data-driven and model based approaches. These studies mainly focused on road profile estimation while seldom considering the uncertainty of parameters. However, uncertainty is unavoidable for various aspects of suspension system, e.g., varying sprung mass, damper and tire nonlinear performance. In this study, to improve the estimation accuracy for a varying sprung mass, a novel algorithm was derived based on the Minimum Model Error (MME) criterion and a Kalman Filter (KF). Since the MME criterion method utilizes the minimum value principle to solve the model error based on a model error function, the MME criterion can effectively deal with the estimation error. Then, the proposed algorithm was applied to a 2 degree-of-freedom (DOF) suspension system model under ISO Level-B, ISO Level-C and ISO Level-D road excitations. Simulation results and experimental data obtained using a quarter-vehicle test rig revealed that the proposed approach achieves higher road estimation accuracy compared to traditional KF methods.

Performance evaluation of a quarter-vehicle MR suspension system with different tire pressure

This paper evaluates performance of a quarter-vehicle magneto-rheological (MR) suspension system with respect to different tire pressure. In order to achieve this goal, controllable MR damper that satisfies design specifications for a midsized commercial passenger vehicle is designed and manufactured based on the optimized damping force levels and mechanical dimensions. After experimentally evaluating the field-dependent characteristics of the manufactured MR damper, the quarter-vehicle suspension system consisting of sprung mass, spring, tire and the MR damper is constructed in order to investigate the ride comfort. After deriving the equations of the motion for the proposed quarter-vehicle MR suspension system, vertical tire stiffness with respect to different tire pressure is experimentally identified. The skyhook controller is then implemented for the realization of quarter-vehicle MR suspension system. Ride comfort characteristics such as vertical acceleration RMS (root mean square) and WRMS (weighted RMS) of sprung mass are evaluated under bump and random road conditions using a quarter-vehicle test facility.

Effect of an electromagnetically optimized magnetorheological damper on vehicle suspension control performance

This paper examines the effect of an electromagnetically optimized magnetorheological (MR) damper for vehicle suspension on vibration control performance. In order to achieve this goal, a cylindrical MR damper that satisfies design specifications for a middle-sized commercial passenger vehicle is designed using an optimization methodology. The optimization problem is to find the optimal geometric dimensions of the electromagnetic circuit for the MR damper in order to maximize the damping force. A first-order optimization method using commercial finite element method (FEM) software is adopted for the constrained optimization algorithm. After manufacturing the MR damper with optimally obtained design parameters, its field-dependent characteristics are experimentally evaluated. The effect of the optimal MR damper on suspension control is then investigated using a quarter-vehicle test facility. Control performances such as vertical acceleration, suspension travel, and power consumption are evaluated and compared between the initial and optimal dampers. In addition, vibration control performances of the optimal MR damper are experimentally evaluated under bump and random road conditions and presented in both time and frequency domains.

댐핑력 히스테리시스를 고려한 MR 서스펜션의 진동제어

This paper presents vibration control performances of a commercial magnetorheological(MR) suspension via new control strategy considering hysteresis of the field-dependent damping force of MR damper. A commercial MR damper which is applicable to high class passenger vehicle is adopted and its field-dependent damping force is experimentally evaluated. Preisach hysteresis model for the MR damper is identified using experimental first order descending(FOD) curves. Then, a feed-forward compensation strategy for the MR damper is formulated and integrated with a linear quadratic regulation(LQR) feedback controller for the suspension system. Control performances of the proposed control strategy for the MR suspension is experimentally evaluated with quarter vehicle test facility.

Dynamic Feasibility Study of a Large High-Speed Cable Car

SUMMARY: The dynamics of a new concept of a high-speed cable car developed for fast urban transport have been analysed and improved via active control. A mathematical model, which takes into account all the mechanical complexities of a coupled cable-vehicle dynamic system, has been built. From the complete FE cable model, a simpler model has been derived to be used with the vehicle model in the design of control strategies of the active suspension. In order to validate the results experimentally, a reduced scale quarter vehicle test rig has been built simulating the real time cable behaviour by means of a stiffness controlled hydraulic actuator

Passive and Semi-Active Airspring Suspensions for Rail Passenger Vehicles—Theory and Practice

The performance of passive and semi-active secondary airspring suspension systems on rail passenger vehicles has been studied theoretically and experimentally. Classical and modern optimal control theory was utilized in the studies. The concept of the semi-active damper was realized in a laboratory test by a butterfly valve, for which a practical position control logic was developed. The quarter vehicle test rig results have shown that by making the orifice damper variable, a 29 per cent ride improvement has been achieved. For the full vehicle computer simulation, a ride improvement of 20 per cent has been achieved. In addition, for both cases, the dynamic suspension working space has been reduced by 10 per cent.