Amount Of Herbicide Research Articles

Preparation and investigation of poly(methylmethacrylate) nano-capsules containing haloxyfop-R-methyl and their release behavior

In this study, the preparation and characterization of haloxyfop-R-methyl herbicide loaded in poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) nano-capsules by emulsion polymerization and its release behavior were investigated. The chemical characterizations of PMMA/haloxyfop-R-methyl nano-capsules were confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy method, and the surface morphology was studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Also, the herbicide loading and encapsulation efficiency were analyzed for the herbicide-loaded nano-capsules. The release rate of PMMA/haloxyfop-R-methyl nano-capsules was determined by UV-visible spectroscopy. The thermal properties and thermal stability of nano-capsules were explored by the thermal gravimetric analysis method. The diameter of the nano-capsules was in the range of 100–300 nm. Increasing the amount of herbicide in nano-formulations significantly affected the surface of the nano-capsules and reduced their surface smoothness. Triton-X100 was identified as the best surfactant for the preparation of nano-capsules, and the sample containing the lowest herbicide content showed the best performance in terms of encapsulation and loading efficiency. This sample showed a steady-state release rate during the six days.

Dynamics and efficacy of sulfentrazone, flumioxazin, and isoxaflutole herbicides applied on eucalyptus harvest residues

Eucalyptus harvests generate residues that remain on the soil and affect the efficacy of preemergent herbicides in the following planting cycle. The objective of this work was to evaluate the dynamics of flumioxazin, sulfentrazone, and isoxaflutole herbicides applied on different amounts and compositions of eucalyptus harvest residues subjected to different rainfall depths; and evaluate the weed control effectiveness of these herbicides when applied under these conditions. A LC–MS/MS system was used for the evaluations and the results showed that a cumulative rainfall of 50 mm was sufficient for the maximum removal of herbicides from the eucalyptus residues, regardless of the residue composition. The amount of the flumioxazin, sulfentrazone, and isoxaflutole herbicides that reached the soil was lower in the treatment with the highest amount of eucalyptus harvest residue used (40 Mg ha−1). The greatest amount of herbicide reaching the soil was found with the use of 15 Mg ha−1 of residues without presence of bark. The highest amount of residue used (40 Mg ha−1) reduced the control of Brachiaria decumbens by sulfentrazone and isoxaflutole. The control of Commelina benghalensis was inefficient (> 80%) in the treatment with 15 Mg ha−1 of residues without barks, regardless of the herbicide. Sulfentrazone controlled Ipomoea grandifolia (> 90%) under the evaluated residue conditions. Spermacoce latifolia and Sida rhombifolia were controlled by all herbicides in the evaluated residue conditions. Isoxaflutole controlled Panicum maximum in all residue conditions. The choice between the herbicides depends on the residue condition, rainfall regime, and weed species to be controlled.

Pyroxasulfone efficacy for annual ryegrass control is affected by wheat residue height, amount and orientation.

Pre-emergent herbicides play an important role in conservation agriculture, however, crop residues on the soil surface in these systems can intercept a considerable amount of herbicide during application. Cutting crops relatively high at harvest has some advantages, such as allowing faster harvest, and this also means that there is less horizontal residue on the soil surface. This field study tested the impact of standing wheat residue height and amount of horizontal residue on the interception, leaching and weed-control efficacy of the pre-emergent herbicide pyroxasulfone in the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons. Spray coverage of pyroxasulfone declined from 14.6% to 7.5% with increasing amounts (0 to 4t ha-1 ) of horizontal wheat residue. Horizontal wheat residue at 1t ha-1 had 10.3% spray coverage (more herbicide interception) compared with 15.4% for the equivalent amount of standing residue. Greater amounts of horizontal residue also significantly reduced the efficacy of pyroxasulfone in controlling ryegrass in the field and decreased pyroxasulfone concentrations in the soil. Rainfall after herbicide application increased herbicide efficacy for all residue amounts. Generally, cutting standing residue higher resulted a relatively small decrease in spray coverage at the soil surface and weed control efficacy, and this was significant only between nil stubble and 0.3m cut height. Cutting residue relatively high, leaving less on the surface, improves spray coverage and herbicide efficacy compared with having more horizontal residue. This research may assist farmers and advisors to maximize the efficacy of pre-emergent herbicide in no-tillage systems. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.

Establishment of glyphosate selective concentrations for winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) transgenic tissues efficient selection in vitro

Aim. To establish the optimal concentration of glyphosate for efficient selection of transgenic tissue culture in biotechnology of rapeseed by in vitro selection of glyphosate-resistant and non-resistant winter rape. Methods. As an explants 7–10 mm fragments of 6-day rapeseed hypocotyls were used to cultivate on the medium, supplemented with 1 mg/L of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) for 12 days at 24°C under dark conditions for the initiation of callusogenesis. For regeneration of plants, the MS nutrient medium was supplemented with 3 mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 2 mg/L of zeatin, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mM of glyphosate, respectively. As a control, glyphosate-free regenerative nutrient medium was used. The results were statistically processed using Microsoft Excel. Results. It has been shown that glyphosate-susceptible rape explants form leaves and shoots with a frequency up to 8.3 % ± 0.8 % on the medium supplemented with 0.1 mM glyphosate compared to 57.2 % ± 0.6 % in the control. However, the morphogenic structures did not pass selection after transferring shoots to the elongation medium supplemented with 0.1 mM glyphosate. Conclusions. For the in vitro selection of rapeseed 0.1 mM glyphosate can be used in a nutrient medium at the stage of adventitious buds formation. But at the regeneration stage, the amount of herbicide should be increased to avoid false-positive results.
 Keywords: winter rapeseed, Brassica napus L., in vitro culture, selective marker, herbicide, glyphosate.

Vision based weed recognition using LabVIEW environment for agricultural applications

Abstract The importance of machine vision using LabVIEW can reduce the human intervention in agriculture is presented in this paper. The developed method can process the digital images acquired through camera and the captured weed leaves are matched with presumed database for health confirmation. The controlled decisions like spraying or ploughing are set by the user followed by position calculation of the weed and proper health scenarios. Arduino takes the control from LabVIEW and limited amount of herbicide applied on the effected leaves with a sprayer, which can be moved through an oval shaped belt structure.

The influence of winter annual grass litter on herbicide availability

AbstractInvasive winter annual grass infestations on rangeland accumulate large quantities of litter on the soil surface, as plants senesce yearly and decompose slowly. It has been speculated that winter annual grass litter can adsorb soil-active herbicides and reduce overall performance. Three experiments were conducted from 2017 to 2018 at the Colorado State University Weed Research Laboratory to evaluate interception and subsequent desorption of herbicides applied to litter from three invasive winter annual grass species with simulated rainfall. Imazapic, rimsulfuron, and indaziflam were applied to medusahead [Taeniatherum caput-medusae(L.) Nevski], ventenata [Ventenata dubia(Leers) Coss.], and downy brome (Bromus tectorumL.) litter at two amounts (equivalent to 1,300 and 2,600 kg ha−1). Rainfall was simulated at 3, 6, 12, and 24 mm at 0, 1, and 7 d after herbicide application. Herbicide concentration from the collected rainfall was measured using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. At 2,600 kg ha−1,B. tectorumherbicide interception was 84.3%, whileV. dubiaandT. caput-medusaeaveraged 76% herbicide interception. There were no differences in desorption among the three litter types. Simulated rainfall at 0 d after application recovered 100% of the intercepted rimsulfuron and imazapic fromB. tectorumlitter, while recovery decreased to 65% with rainfall at 1 or 7 d after application. Only 54% of indaziflam could be recovered at 0 d, and recovery decreased to 33% when rainfall was applied at 1 or 7 d after application. Applying soil-active herbicides before forecasted rain or tank mixing with a POST herbicide to provide initial control could potentially increase the amount of herbicide reaching the soil and provide more consistent invasive winter annual grass control.

Layered double hydroxide/sepiolite hybrid nanoarchitectures for the controlled release of herbicides.

In this work, organic–inorganic hybrid nanoarchitectures were prepared in a single coprecipitation step by assembling magnesium–aluminum layered double hydroxides (MgAl-LDH) and a sepiolite fibrous clay, with the simultaneous encapsulation of the herbicide 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) as the MgAl-LDH retains its ion exchange properties. The synthetic procedure was advantageous in comparison to the incorporation of MCPA by ion exchange after the formation of the LDH/sepiolite nanoarchitecture in a previous step, as it was less time consuming and gave rise to a higher loading of MCPA. The resulting MCPA-LDH/sepiolite nanoarchitectures were characterized by various physicochemical techniques (XRD, FTIR and 29Si NMR spectroscopies, CHN analysis and SEM) that revealed interactions of LDH with the sepiolite fibers through the silanol groups present on the outer surface of sepiolite, together with the intercalation of MCPA in the LDH confirmed by the increase in the basal spacing from 0.77 nm for the pristine LDH to 2.32 nm for the prepared materials. The amount of herbicide incorporated in the hybrid nanoarchitectures prepared by the single-step coprecipitation method surpassed the CEC of LDH (ca. 330 mEq/100 g), with values reaching 445 mEq/100 g LDH for certain compositions. This suggests a synergy between the inorganic solids that allows the nanoarchitecture to exhibit better adsorption properties than the separate components. Additionally, in the release assays, the herbicide incorporated in the hybrid nanoarchitectures could be completely released, which confirms its suitability for agricultural applications. In order to achieve a more controlled release of the herbicide and to act for several days on the surface of the soil, the hybrid nanoarchitectures were encapsulated in a biopolymer matrix of alginate/zein and shaped into spheres. In in vitro tests carried out in bidistilled water, a continuous release of MCPA from the bionanocomposite beads was achieved for more than a week, while the non-encapsulated materials released the 100% of MCPA in 48 h. Besides, the encapsulation may allow for better handling and transport of the herbicide.

Ailanthone from Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle as potential natural herbicide

Ailanthone (Ail) is the most phytotoxic quassinoid in plant extracts of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, an invasive tree of Simaroubaceae with allelopathic activity. Ail has raised attention as a potential biological herbicide in weed management to reduce the impact on the environment and human health. However, high costs for its extraction and purification, and low persistence in the soil have been considered so far limits for its development as herbicide for open field applications. In this study we explored its phytotoxic activity and persistence, through five experiments, to evaluate its potential for the weed management in the horticulture sector and in urban green areas, where lower herbicide amounts are needed. Ail inhibition activity on germination and growth was evaluated on two model species (garden cress - Lepidium sativum L. - and radish - Raphanus sativus L.). Firstly, the dose-response curve between Ail concentration and index of germination was calculated in filter paper and Ail persistence along 30 days was also assessed. Afterwards, Ail bioactivity and persistence were evaluated in a non-sterile urban soil and a horticultural substrate. Ail inhibited by 80 to 90 % the plant growth already at low doses (7.5 mg L-1) in paper and soil, while higher concentrations (≥ 30 mg L-1) were necessary in the cultivation substrate to obtain similar results. Regarding the phytotoxic persistence, the two species were similarly inhibited at the first evaluation (10 days after treatment) both in paper and cultivation substrate, whereas on the longer period (20 and 30 days after treatment), radish was more affected, with growth inhibition higher than 45 % until 30 days. Results of these experiments implement the knowledge on Ail phytotoxic activity, envisioning its potential use as a biological solution for weed management in urban areas and protected cultivation environments.

Dynamic Effect of Fresh and Aged Biochar on the Behavior of the Herbicide Mesotrione in Soils.

In this study, we assessed the sorption, dissipation, and leaching of the herbicide mesotrione in soil amended with fresh and field-aged biochars, when added to the soil. The aging process was performed by burying the fresh biochar at 10 cm depth in three soils located in different points across the USA [Wisconsin (ABC_WI), Idaho (ABC_ID), and South Carolina (ABC_SC)] for six months. ABC_ID and ABC_SC slightly increased the sorption of mesotrione in soils, whereas ABC_WI removed greater amounts of herbicide from the solution. This was attributed to differences in water-soluble components and metal content of this aged biochar. Consequently, the persistence of the herbicide in the amended soils with fresh biochar and ABC_ID and ABC_SC were similar to that in unamended soils, while ABC_WI slightly increased mesotrione half-life. Differences between treatments were detected in leaching studies although no direct relationship with the dissipation batch studies was observed. Mesotrione leaching could not be detected in soil columns amended with ABC_WI and was high for the rest of treatments. The outcomes from this work demonstrate that temporal variability of biochar sorption capacities due to soil exposure can occur altering mesotrione's behavior in biochar-amended soils.

Density Effect and Economic Threshold of Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Peanut is one of the most important oilseed crop grown in China. Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) is a competitive perennial weed, which infests peanut fields in south China and causes considerable peanut yield losses. Information on the interference of purple nutsedge on peanut and its economic threshold (ET) in field is an integral component of integrated weed management system. This will help growers use herbicides more legitimately and reduce the amount of herbicide that is discharged into the environment. 2-year experiments were conducted to assess the infestation effects of purple nutsedge on peanut in pure stands (nutsedge density 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 120 and 160 plants m−2) and in natural weed infestation, respectively. Furthermore, the ET of purple nutsedge in peanut was determined according the quadratic equation reported by Cousens. The biomass of purple nutsedge with a density of 160 plants m−2 in pure stand was less than that of natural weed infestation treatment. Compared with natural weed infestation treatments, lower yield loss in treatment of nutsedge 160 plants m−2 indicated weaker interference on peanut. But the ET of purple nutsedge in peanut came down to 4–5 plants m−2. The higher price of peanut than the cost of weed control and very high efficiency (90%) of imazapic could be the probable reasons.

Maximizing Weed Control in Florida Citrus

The objective of today's weed management program is to suppress and control weeds so that they do not cause damage to the tree, impact yield, or impede grove and harvesting operations. Complete and total elimination of all weeds from the grove floor is not necessary nor warranted. When developing a weed management program, growers must consider: 1) weeds present, 2) stage of weed growth, 3) material selection, 4) amount of herbicide used, 5) application site, method and timing, and 6) herbicide band width. These items are discussed in detail in this document. This document is HS-1007, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date May 2005.

Automatic detection of cereal rows by means of pattern recognition techniques

Automatic locating of weeds from fields is an active research topic in precision agriculture. A reliable and practical plant identification technique would enable the reduction of herbicide amounts and lowering of production costs, along with reducing the damage to the ecosystem. When the seeds have been sown row-wise, most weeds may be located between the sowing rows. The present work describes a clustering-based method for recognition of plantlet rows from a set of aerial photographs, taken by a drone flying at approximately ten meters. The algorithm includes three phases: segmentation of green objects in the view, feature extraction, and clustering of plants into individual rows. Segmentation separates the plants from the background. The main feature to be extracted is the center of gravity of each plant segment. A tentative clustering is obtained piecewise by applying the 2D Fourier transform to image blocks to get information about the direction and the distance between the rows. The precise sowing line position is finally derived by principal component analysis. The method was able to find the rows from a set of photographs of size 1452×969 pixels approximately in 0.11 s, with the accuracy of 94 per cent.

Aftereffect of herbicides and the dynamics of their decomposition in various agricultural landscapes

They are given results of experiments to determine the dynamics of decomposition and residual amounts of herbicides in the soil and in the products in various agricultural landscapes. It has been established that the duration of herbicides conservation in soil, primarily sulfonylureas, and the associated level of their negative effects on sensitive crops rotate depend on the relief, soil type, their physical and chemical properties, the hydrothermal regime of the environment and the nature of anthropogenic impact on the agroecosystem.

Promotion of rice–duck integrated farming in the water source areas of Shanghai: its positive effects on reducing agricultural diffuse pollution

The paper aims to study the effects of replacing the conventional rice farming by the rice–duck integrated organic farming on the reduction of agricultural diffuse pollution around Dianshan Lake in the suburbs of Shanghai, Southeast China. Agricultural activities of 21 rice farms in Jinze Town nearby Dianshan Lake were tracked and investigated for the consecutive 5 years, with the questionnaires on the inputs of agro-chemicals within the rice-growing seasons under the conventional rice farming in detail. The nutrient amounts discharged from the conventional rice fields were calculated and these from the rice–duck integrated organic farming potentially implemented surrounding the lake were also estimated. The quantities of N and P2O5 applied to the conventional paddy fields of the six towns surrounding the lake were 2.01 × 106 kg a− 1 and 4.59 × 105 kg a− 1 on annual average, respectively; these discharged into the environment were estimated to 1.48 × 105 kg a− 1 and 1.34 × 104 kg a− 1 on annual average, respectively. The quantities of herbicides, fungicides, and pesticides discharged from the conventional rice fields of the six towns were 1.67 × 104 kg a− 1 on annual average. The potential replacement of the conventional rice farming by the rice–duck integrated organic farming around the lake will reduce the amounts of N and P2O5 discharges through runoff and leaching by 83.79% and 92.11%, respectively, and completely prevent the diffuse pollution of biocides. The implementation of the rice–duck integrated organic farming around Dianshan Lake will not only be beneficial to lake protection, but also to raising the incomes of local farmers, and, thus, should be highly encouraged.

Chemical Management of <i>Bidens pilosa</i> (L.) and <i>Euphorbia heterophylla</i> (L.) and Seed Germination in Genetically Modified Soybean Glyphosate Tolerant

The objective of this work is to propose a chemical management alternative to control <i>Bidens pilosa</i> and <i>Euphorbia heterophylla</i> in genetically modified soybean without affecting grain production and seed germination by using glyphosate applied only once and in mixture, aiming to reduce the number of applications and the amount of herbicides used. The experimental design was randomized blocks with 10 treatments and 4 replications. The soybean used was BRS-Valiosa RR. The treatments consisted of glyphosate and chlorimuron-ethyl applied once and alone (1.5; 2.0 and 80 L or g ha^-1 pc), glyphosate in mixture with chlorimuron-ethyl (1.5+10 and 2.0+10 L or g ha^-1 pc) and sequentially applied glyphosate (1.5/1.5; 2.0/1.5 and 2.0/1.5/1.5 L ha^-1 pc), plus weeded (clean) and non-weeded (dirty) witnesses. The evaluations were: herbicide efficacy in <i>B. pilosa</i> and <i>E. heterophylla</i>, phytotoxicity, density, height and grain yield (kg ha^-1) in soybean. The production data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and F test by the SANEST program (P<0.05). It was concluded that the studied species, <i>B. pilosa</i> and <i>E. heterophylla</i>, were controlled by glyphosate at levels above 90%. There was no visual injury in soybean and no significant decrease in production and germination.

Translocation and Root Exudation of Glyphosate by Urochloa brizantha and its Transport on Sugarcane and Citrus Seedlings

ABSTRACT: Glyphosate is easily exuded by the roots of plants. However, there is still some lack of information in the scientific literature as to whether Urochloa brizantha is capable of exuding glyphosate to influence the growth of crops such as sugarcane and citrus. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the translocation and root exudation of 14C-glyphosate by U. brizantha and its transport in sugarcane and citrus. Sugarcane seedlings, varieties SP80-1842, and citrus ‘Limão Rosa’ (Citrus limonia L. Osbeck) were cultivated with U. brizantha around the seedlings. Using a microsphere, 14C-glyphosate was applied on the leaves of U. brizantha. The plants were cultured for 12 days after treatment (DAT). The radioactivity of the herbicide was evaluated by liquid scintillation spectrometer, after oxidizing the soil and parts of the plants (leaves, culms and roots) of U. brizantha, sugarcane and citrus. The highest amount of glyphosate was detected in the U. brizantha leaves, where the applications were carried out, regardless of the culture studied. Only traces of glyphosate (0.001%) were detected in soil cultivated with sugarcane. On the other hand, in citrus, U. brizantha exuded 9.46% of the glyphosate by the root system in the soil. The total amount of herbicide found in sugarcane and citrus seedlings was only 0.006 and 0.095%, respectively, in all parts of the plant. These concentrations are lower than those required to cause intoxication in those crops. Considering the results, it is possible to state that the translocation of glyphosate in young plants of U. brizantha associated with citrus was higher in relation to sugarcane, and it was not exuded by the root system of the weed with sugarcane, but presented root exudation with citrus, however, the amount did not reach what is necessary to affect the dry mass of the agricultural crops.

Use of Herbicides in Sugarcane in the São Paulo State

ABSTRACT: Sugarcane is one of the main agricultural cultivations of Brazil, and one of the crops in which herbicides are most applied. In the 2017/2018 season, the estimated sugarcane production was 694.54 million tons, with an estimated increase of 0.9% in yield for this season. In order to evaluate the use of herbicides in this crop in the São Paulo State during a five-year period, a survey was carried out with sugarcane farmers. The use of herbicides applied alone and in a formulated mixture, according to their mechanism of action, were evaluated from 2010 to 2014. Photosystem II inhibitor herbicides were the most used in this period and the total amount of herbicides of almost all mechanism of action increased from 2010 to 2014, except for photosystem I inhibitors herbicides. The use of formulated mixtures also increased during this period. The area treated with carotenoid biosynthesis and photosystem II inhibitor herbicides was the largest for the control of monocotyledonous species (Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Commelinaceae). In relation to the dicotyledonous species, the area treated with PROTOX inhibitor herbicides was the largest in all evaluated years.

Functionalized polystyrene beads as carriers in release studies of two herbicides: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid

The extensive usage of pesticides in agriculture has adverse effect on the quality of water and soil; therefore, the proper dosage is of great concern. The aim of this study was to use the functionalized polystyrene beads (QuadraPure™) as a reservoir for the storage and controlled release of two herbicides: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid. It was proved that desorption of herbicides was strongly affected by the surface properties of polystyrene beads characterized by different pore size distributions and modified with various functional groups. We suggest that the optimal hybrid systems are the mixtures that are able to release the high amount of herbicides for a long time. For 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, these conditions were fulfilled by polystyrene beads with the attached imino diacetate or thiourea functional groups. For 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, the appropriate results were obtained when polystyrene beads with the thiourea functional groups were applied. Additionally, QuadraPure™ scavengers could form stable complexes with copper and nickel ions, and therefore, the pesticide release was limited. The application of a hybrid system permitted to control the distribution of the herbicide by the formation of complexes between metal ions and organic groups of QuadraPure™ materials. The results proved that by using the polystyrene beads the release of herbicide could be controlled.Graphical abstract

Comparative Study of Acute Toxicity of Herbicides Used in South America

Fish are a reliable biological model to measure the environmental impact of different substances. Argentina is an agricultural producer country where its main crops being grains such as soybeans, wheat and corn; To increase the yield of the crops a large amount of herbicides are used. Among these the most used has been glyphosate, but others such as 2,4D and triazine are also used. We carried out in this work two types of acute toxicity comparative studies for three commercial herbicides formulated with glyphosate, 2-4D and triazine. Firstly, the acute toxicity evaluation was carried out against Poecillia reticulata, measuring the mortality of juveniles species in an exposure period of up to 96hours; determining for glyphosate that a dose of 12mg/L produced 100% mortality and that 6mg/L did not cause mortality, thus differing from 2, 4D and triazine, which at a concentration of 116.8mg/L and 48mg/L respectively did not cause mortality. In the second place, an embryo hatching study was carried out in Danio rerio following methodologies proposed by the OECD (Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals) for sublethal doses of the herbicides (6mg/L), none of them having any effect on the hatching of the eggs..

Effect on soil health of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) cultivation with Integrated Nutrient Management

Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L. (Cauliflower) is an important commercial vegetable crop grown all over the world. In order to meet the growing demand of burgeoning population, large amounts of herbicides, pesticides and fertilizers are being applied to the fields every year to achieve maximum production leading to deleterious environmental effects.The present investigation ‘Integrated nutrient management in cauliflower was undertaken at the Instructional Farm of Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Latur during the Rabi season. The experiment laid out in Randomized Block Design (R.B.D.) with fourteen treatments replicated thrice. The treatment comprises with RDF (120:80:40 NPK kg/ha.), FYM (10 t/ha), Azotobacter and Azospirillum (10 kg/ha). The variety Snowball – 16 was selected for the study. The data regarding soil analysis after harvesting, the maximum available nitrogen (265.66 kg ha-1), available phosphorus (23.26 kg ha-1) and available potassium (415.33 kg ha-1) were recorded in highest dose of INM i.e. 100 % RDF + FYM + Azotobacter + Azospirillum(T2) and is was statistically at par with T6 and T8. The maximum organic carbon (0.93 per cent) was recorded in the treatment 75 % RDF + FYM + Azotobacter + Azospirillum(T6). There were no significant differences of INM treatments observed on soil pH and electrical conductivity. This result suggested that 25% chemical fertilizers can be reduced without any compromise on fertility status of the soil for cauliflower crop production in sub-tropical condition.