Quantitative Questionnaire Research Articles

Students’ perception of non-placement work-integrated learning in chemical engineering: Work-related skills towards the post-pandemic future

Work-integrated learning (WIL) is a pedagogical activity designed to enhance the integration of theoretical knowledge and practical skills in an authentic context. WIL is typically accomplished through work placement, but a non-placement WIL is potentially promising. In this study, a non-placement WIL programme was incorporated into chemical engineering final year projects. The students worked on industrial problems without a work placement. The purpose of the study was to investigate work-related skills learned in a non-placement WIL programme. A qualitative dominant mixed-methods research approach was adopted. Data was collected using a quantitative questionnaire (n = 69) and a qualitative interview (n = 15). Quantitative findings revealed no significant difference between students working on non-placement WIL and academic projects. However, qualitative findings revealed seven insightful work-related skills in the non-placement WIL: (1) professional relationship with industrial experts and academic supervisors, (2) virtual communication and collaboration, (3) technology skills in the latest industrial software and tools, (4) motivation to undertake novel and challenging industrial problems, (5) creative and innovative strategies, (6) application of higher order thinking skills to model authentic problems, (7) inductive and deductive reasoning. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed how engineers work. Today, it is a necessity to embrace creative problem-solving skills and adopt various types of modern technologies to work effectively and remotely.

Factors that Influence the Income of Salt Farmers in Kupang Regency, East Kupang District (Case Study of Merdeka Village)

The aim of this research is to find out how labor and capital influence the income of salt producers in Merdeka Village, East Kupang Regency. Multiple regression analysis, quantitative research methods, questionnaires, and documentation were used in this research to handle data depending on demand. The data processing technique used is multiple regression data analysis using SPSS 25, UI hypothesis testing, validity testing, and classical hypothesis testing. The findings of this study show that the capital variable increases salt farming income significantly and partially. The findings of this study show that the capital variable increases salt farming income significantly and partially.

PARENTS' PERCEPTION OF THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY IN LEARNING ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION

This study aims to identify parents' perceptions of the use of digital technology in learning Islamic Religious Education (PAI). The research method used a mixed methods approach, combining quantitative questionnaires from 200 parents of students in Jakarta and qualitative interviews with 20 parents. The results showed that 85% of parents found digital technology easy to use and 78% found it effective. However, only 65% felt they received adequate technical support and 70% stated the learning content was in line with religious values. Qualitative findings showed an appreciation for interactive methods, but there were concerns about internet stability and content monitoring. The novelty of this study is the holistic approach that examines parents' perceptions by considering infrastructure, technology skills and attitudes towards digital learning. This research expands the understanding of the factors that influence the acceptance of technology in religious education. The global usefulness of this study provides insights for religious education in different countries, helping policy makers and educators develop strategies for the use of digital technology in religious education, thereby improving the overall quality of education.

Can the home experience in luxury hotels promote pro-environmental behavior among guests?

While the home is an important place for individuals to act pro-environmentally, researchers have rarely explored the pro-environmental behavior of hotel customers in terms of their home away from home experiences during their travels. This study uses a combination of qualitative (interviews) and quantitative (questionnaires) methods to explore customer experiences of home spaces in the hotel context and the relationship between people's experience in hotels and their pro-environmental behavior. The study shows that (1) customers' experience of home spaces in hotels occurs through three dimensions: the function of home, the emotion of home, and the imagination of home. (2) Both the function of home and the emotion of home exert a significantly positive impact on hotel customers pro-environmental behavior. (3) The imagination of home exerts a significant positive effect on pro-environmental behavior both inside and outside of the hotel. (4) The pro-environmental behavior of customers in their own homes has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between the home experience and pro-environmental behavior in the hotel context. By combining the concepts of home spaces and pro-environmental behavior, this study, on the one hand, bridges the research gap between place experience and pro-environmental behavior in the hotel context; on the other hand, the study transcends the limitations engendered by studying pro-environmental behavior in the hotel and home space from a binary perspective.

Perceptions of Undergraduate Students Regarding the Inclusion of Clinical Audit in their Curriculum

Objective: To find out undergraduate students' perceptions regarding the inclusion of clinical audits in their curriculum. Study Design: Exploratory sequential mixed methods study. Place and Duration of study: Combined Military Hospital, Lahore Pakistan, from Dec 2022 to Mar 2023. Methodology: The first phase of the study comprised a quantitative research questionnaire regarding undergraduate students' perceptions about the inclusion of a clinical audit in their curriculum. These perceptions were explored in depth in the second phase with focus group discussions (FGD). Thirty students participated in the study, ten from the fourth year and twenty from the final year MBBS. Results: The study included 30 participants. The results showed that (24, 80%) of participants were able to develop skills as team members, (22, 73%) were able to identify audit topics, collect data, write audit reports and understand conflicts of interest, and (21, 70%) were able to write audit proposal and develop skill in life long audit learning. The key themes emerging from clinical audit focus group discussions (FGD) were better clinical care, patient safety, lack of understanding about audit by students and faculty and improper implementation mechanisms. Conclusion: In conclusion, a clinical audit promotes a safe, good-quality, and evidence-based environment for patient care. It also decreases the risk of clinical negligence and should be incorporated as an integral part of the undergraduate curriculum.

Kano Model Analysis of Digital On-Farm Technologies for Climate Adaptation and Mitigation in Livestock Farming

In the EU, agriculture contributes significantly to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In Germany, over half of the GHG emissions from agriculture can be directly attributed to livestock farming. To combat the progressing climate change, GHG emissions must be significantly reduced. Digital solutions, particularly decision support systems (DSS), are promising tools to assist livestock farmers in achieving the globally agreed GHG reduction goals. However, there is a lack of studies addressing DSS requirements for reducing GHG emissions in livestock on the farm level. Users’ feedback on technologies can support identifying areas for enhancement and refinement. This study identifies, categorizes, and ranks fourteen DSS features aimed at supporting GHG reduction based on their impact on customer satisfaction. A quantitative online questionnaire using the Kano model surveyed livestock farmers’ satisfaction or dissatisfaction levels with these features. Results gathered from 98 responses across German federal states highlighted the significance of data authority and integrability, with their absence causing dissatisfaction. Multi-target optimization emerged as an attractive feature, positively impacting satisfaction. Connectivity and market perspective, however, appeared indifferent. The findings guide DSS developers in prioritizing attributes crucial for customer satisfaction. It also helps to focus on must-have attributes to preserve customer satisfaction and ensure successful GHG reduction implementation.

The Role of Language in the Survival of Bangladeshi Theatre Artists during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Perspective on Resurging Society's Hope and Changing Realities

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the theatre industry and its performers, causing psychological and socio-economic distress. This study examines the survival challenges faced by theatre artists in Meherpur, Bangladesh, during the pandemic and explores the role of language in their efforts to inspire hope and rejuvenate society. The paper investigates how these artists utilized online platforms and employed their native language, Bengali (L1), along with English, to communicate with the local population. By analyzing qualitative interviews with fifteen artists and administering a quantitative questionnaire to fifty-five participants, this study reveals the artists' resilience in overcoming psychological trauma and economic distress. It illustrates how their use of language, including English, facilitated their connection with the community, providing a source of support and encouragement during the lockdown period.

Hubungan Gelombang Cahaya Lampu dan Cahaya Biru dengan Kualitas Tidur Remaja Dewasa

Sleep is a crucial part of the human circadian cycle. The quality and quantity of sleep significantly influence various aspects of health, both physical and psychological. The hormone melatonin, which plays a vital role in sleep regulation, is produced as the intensity of light received by the eyes decreases. Currently, the use of lights and electronic devices emitting blue light is widespread, especially among teenagers to adults. This blue light can interfere with the production of melatonin, potentially disrupting sleep quality and patterns. In this age group, most are active students with busy schedules. This study uses a sequential explanatory design approach, combining quantitative and qualitative questionnaires to collect data and measure the impact of light on sleep duration and patterns. The respondents of this study were 71 people, coming from various universities and different study programs in Bandung City, ranging in age from 18 to 25 years. The research data results show that 38.6% of respondents experience sleep disturbances when the light is on, impacting sleep quality. Conversely, sleep quality improvement occurs in 81.4% of respondents when sleeping with the light off. The use of night mode on electronic devices, designed to reduce blue light emissions, positively impacts sleep quality, as felt by 38% of the 67.1% of respondents who use the night mode feature.

Analisis pendapatan usaha gula aren di Desa Cawang Lama Kabupaten Rejang Lebong

The aim of this research was to analyze palm sugar business income in Cawang Lama Vilage, Rejang Lebong Regency. The location was chosen purposively because this area is a large producer of palm sugar and runs its business sustainably. This research method was obtained from quantitative data and questionnaires from research respondents. This research was carried out purposively in Cawang Lama Village. The things analyzed in this research are income and efficiency values. The results of the analysis showed that the income obtained was IDR1,093,383.-. This is influenced by the amount of revenue and production costs incurred each month. This income is relatively small but helps the family's economy, because palm sugar in this area is mostly produced only as a side job. Due to limited raw materials and the area of ​​oil palm plantations owned. On average, they work as coffee farmers and rice farmers as their main job. The palm sugar business in one of the largest palm sugar producing villages in Selupu Rejang District has an efficiency value of 1.56, which means the business is feasible to run. It can be concluded that the palm sugar business in Cawang Lama Village, Rejang Lebong Regency has good business feasibility, and every unit of costs incurred in this business can be returned 1.56 times.

The association of a healthy lifestyle index and imaging-based body fat distribution with glycemic status and Type 2 diabetes in the Multi Ethnic Cohort: a cross-sectional analysis.

As several behaviors captured by the Lifestyle Risk Factor Index (LSRI) are protective against Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and may affect body fat distribution, we examined its relation with both outcomes. In a subset of the Multiethnic Cohort, participants from five ethnic groups (60-77 years) were assigned LSRI scores (one point each for consuming <1 (women)/<2 (men) alcoholic drinks/day, ≥1.5 physical activity hours/week, not smoking, and adhering to ≥3/7 dietary recommendations). All participants completed an extensive Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire to allow estimation of adherence to intake recommendations for fruits, vegetables, refined and whole grains, fish, processed and non-processed meat. Glycemic/T2D status was classified according to self-reports and fasting glucose. We estimated prevalence odds ratios (POR) of LSRI with glycemic/T2D status and DXA- and MRI-based body fat distribution using logistic regression. Of 1713 participants, 43% had normoglycemia, 30% Pre-T2D, 9% Undiagnosed T2D, and 18% T2D. Overall, 39% scored 0-2, 49% 3, and 12% 4 LSRI points. T2D prevalence was 55% (POR 0.45; 95% confidence intervals 0.27, 0.76) lower for 4 vs. 0-2 LSRI points with weaker associations for abnormal glycemic status. Despite the low adherence to dietary recommendations (22%), this was the only component related to lower T2D prevalence. The inverse LSRI-T2D association was only observed among Latinos and Japanese Americans in ethnic-specific models. Visceral fat measures were higher in T2D patients and attenuated the LSRI-T2D association. These findings support the role of a healthy lifestyle, especially diet, in T2D prevention with differences across ethnicity.

Promoting a sustainable diet through carbon labeling of food: Insights from young consumers in the Americas

The agri-food system is a major contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions, and its contribution is projected to grow significantly in coming years. Consumers can drive system change and help mitigate the climate crisis through demand behaviour, with youth uniquely positioned as key actors. Carbon labelling offers a tool for informing consumers about the carbon footprint of food, and thereby promoting purchase of lower-carbon products. This cross-cultural study (n = 815) sought to investigate perceptions of carbon labels on food amongst youth (18–24 years) from two medium-high CO2-emitting countries in the Americas – Canada and Argentina. Using a mixed methods online survey approach that integrates a quantitative questionnaire with open response questions, we found knowledge deficits in familiarity with the concepts ‘carbon footprint’ and especially ‘carbon label’, and these varied with country, gender, and level of education. Further, exemplars of six food carbon labels, standardized for the carbon emissions information displayed, differed for scores of usefulness, clarity, understanding, confusion, and incomprehensibility. Labels also differed in their relative preference ratings, which varied with education level, with the ‘Traffic light horizontal scale’ the most preferred overall. Our findings inform carbon label design and emissions-related education initiatives, each of which should be optimized for different segments of the youth market in order to effectively promote consumption of lower-carbon foods.

Enhancing Interoperability: Exploring Data Exchange Standards in SaaS Laboratory Management Systems

In the ever-changing environment of health care, smooth information exchange among different systems is significant to ensure efficiency and high-quality patient care. This is also important in laboratory management, where time and accuracy are critical for patients' diagnosis and treatment choices. Nevertheless, interoperability is still a big issue, with SaaS laboratory systems being the primary concern. This study focuses on the importance of interoperability in contemporary healthcare systems, with particular emphasis on laboratory management. It shows the significance of an uninterrupted data flow between SaaS laboratory management systems and other healthcare I.T. systems, such as E.H.R.s and HIEs. Existing data exchange standards and frameworks for interoperability among SaaS laboratory management systems are discussed, including the challenges of achieving interoperability. A quantitative research approach-based questionnaire was deployed to assess the interoperability requirements and processes of the genetic testing laboratories in the survey. Investigations point to different levels of compatibility among SaaS lab management systems in terms of features offered as well as the challenges faced by the latter. Challenges include different data formats, communication protocol standards, and data model incompatibility. The study emphasizes the critical role of interoperability and data exchange in SaaS laboratory management systems and the entire healthcare industry. The methods of overcoming the interoperability problem are investing in education, creating collaborative partnerships, promoting integration frameworks, and establishing incentives for obedience to standardized data exchange format.

Nursing home nurses' opinions on the potential evolution of their role in antibiotic stewardship: A French national cross-sectional survey.

To assess French nursing home nurses' opinions on the potential evolution of their antibiotic stewardship role, facilitators and barriers, and nurses' characteristics associated with their opinion toward new roles regarding antibiotic prescribing. We conducted a cross-sectional study in French nursing homes with ≥20 beds and for which an email address was available in a national database managed by the French government between May and June 2022. A self-administered internet-based questionnaire of 43 closed-ended Likert items was sent to directors of eligible nursing homes by email asking them to forward the link to the questionnaire to the nurses and head nurses of their institution. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and χ2 tests. 7215 nursing homes were sent the online questionnaire; 1090 participants completed it partially or totally and 923 fully filled in the questionnaire. A majority of nurses supported strengthening and expanding their antibiotic stewardship role. Regarding new roles, over 70% agreed that nurses could collect urine samples to perform a urine culture on their own initiative, prescribe microbiological laboratory tests, and change the drug formulation or the administration route of the antibiotic prescribed by the general practitioner. One-third declared that they could initiate antibiotics for some infections and/or change the empirical antibiotic treatment prescribed by the general practitioner. Nurses from public nursing homes with connection to a hospital (27.5% vs. >35% for other status) and with recent experience in nursing homes (31% for <5 years of practice vs. 41% for 10 years or more) were less likely to agree to prescribe antibiotics. This quantitative questionnaire survey identified potential new nurses' roles in antibiotic stewardship that seem to be acceptable and feasible for participants. These new nurses' roles need to be explored in future experimentations before considering implementation. The study adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines and followed the STROBE reporting guidelines. A self-administered internet-based questionnaire was sent to directors of eligible nursing homes by email asking them to forward the link to the questionnaire to the nurses and head nurses of their institution. Nurses and head nurses who were interested and willing could complete the questionnaire online partially or fully. This study is not a clinical trial and is not eligible for trial registration. We used another suitable study registration site, the Center for Open Science.

Assessing University Students’ Beliefs and Attitudes towards Sustainability and Sustainable Development: A Systematic Review

(1) Background: contents and strategies related to sustainability and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are being introduced in academic curricula, and the organization of the university environment is evolving to adopt sustainable practices. One of the main aims of this evolution is to raise students’ awareness of sustainability and to encourage them to develop attitudes, knowledge and competencies for acting as future responsible citizens. This implies the need to examine and understand students’ attitudes and beliefs towards sustainability. (2) Method: a systematic literature review has been performed to examine the most recent studies focused on university students’ beliefs and attitudes towards sustainable development. Three educational online databases were searched for identified research papers, and in the end, 20 papers have been included in the analysis. (3) Results: in recent years there has been a growing interest in the topic of university students’ assessment of sustainability beliefs and attitudes. Assessment was frequently limited to the environmental dimension of sustainability, placing the economic, social and educational dimensions in the background. Most of the assessing tools have been developed as quantitative questionnaires. (4) Conclusions: understanding the attitudes and perceptions of university students about sustainability issues is an essential task for helping higher education institutions to effectively infuse the contents and principles of sustainable development into their environments.

Implementing quality-of-care during labour, childbirth, and early postnatal care, northeast Namibia: a quasi-experimental study

Background Attention to quality-of-care is increasing in low- and-middle-income countries. Nevertheless, few studies exist on the impact of these approaches to caregiving. This paper presents results on the quality-of-care mothers and neonates receive during labour, childbirth, and early postnatal care, pre-and-post-implementation of the World Health Organization/United Nations Children’s Fund/United Population Fund (WHO/UNICEF/UNFPA) quality improvement interventions. Methods A quasi-experimental study design was used to assess the quality-of-care measures/interventions around childbirth and the immediate postnatal care period; we purposively sampled a high-volume hospital, northeast Namibia. Using the Every Mother Every Newborn (EMEN) childbirth quantitative survey questionnaire, we interviewed (pre=100; post=102) women who delivered prior to their discharge home and observed (pre=53; post=60) different women at admission, of which 19 of 53 and 50 of 60, respectively, progressed to deliver on the same day of data collection. Twenty (pre) and 24 (post) staff, and one facility manager (pre-and-post) were also interviewed. Descriptive statistics were used to present results. Results Postintervention, we found improvements in most assessed quality-of-care measures/interventions, e.g., thorough drying (94.7-100%), babies placed skin-to-skin with their mothers (89.5-98%) and assessed for resuscitation (69.8-98%) needs. Monitoring labour using partograph remained low (11.3-19.3%). During admission, women’s history taking (75.5-95%), blood pressure (98.1%-100%), urine testing (77.4-93.3%), foetal heart rate (94.3-100%), abdominal (86.8-100%) and vaginal examinations (96.2-100%) all improved. Yet, quality-of-care gaps were identified for labour monitoring, and routine postnatal care. Less 50% of women received counselling on family planning (5.3-42%), postnatal care (5.3-40%), maternal (0-38%) and newborn (0-40%) danger signs. Women’s satisfaction with information on breastfeeding and post-partum care and hygiene was 48-56.9% and 41-43.0% respectively. Conclusions This is the first study in Namibia to assess pre-and-post implementation of quality-of-care practices around childbirth, and postnatal period. Inconsistency and noteworthy quality-of-care gaps exist in the early postnatal care period. Postnatal care management and interpersonal communication skills trainings are likely to improve and sustain high evidence-based care beyond labour and delivery. The poor quality-of-care practices for labour and postnatal care requires further investigation.

Obesogenic Eating Behavior and Nutritional Status in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients in Women of Childbearing Age at Harapan Kita Mother and Children's Hospital, Jakarta

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects the metabolic, endocrine and psychological systems. PCOS Mostly occurs in women of reproductive age. Problems with nutritional status in PCOS patients are supported by obesogenic eating behavior. This study aims to examine obesogenic eating behavior and nutritional status in PCOS patients. The type of research used is an analytical survey with a cross sectional study approach. This research was conducted at RSAB Harapan Kita. The sample for this study was women of childbearing age aged 20-35 years using a total sampling technique with a total sample of 33 people. Obesogenic dietary pattern data was obtained using SQFFQ (Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire) and nutritional status was obtained by BMI/U by directly measuring body weight using a digital scale and height using a microtoa. Data analysis uses Pearson correlation analysis.

Barriers to the uptake of eye health services of the children in rural Bangladesh: A community-based cross-sectional survey

Globally, ocular morbidity and disability among children are major public health concerns. This study was designed to explore the health-seeking behaviours of parents in Bangladesh whose children have ocular problems. A cross-sectional mixed method was followed for this study. The method was designed to measure the eye health care-seeking practices of caregivers/parents with children with ocular morbidity in three unions (the lowest administrative geographical area comprising 30,000–50,000 population) of the Raiganj Upazila under the Sirajganj District of Bangladesh. The study period was from January to April 2017. Face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured quantitative questionnaire with the caregivers and KI were conducted among the health service providers during the study period. This was the first community-based study conducted in Bangladesh to find out caregivers’ health-seeking behaviour with identified ocular morbidity. Among 198 confirmed cases of childhood ocular problems, only 87 (43.9%) parents sought health care for their children’s ocular morbidities. Better health-seeking behavior was found among the wealthier families. Proportions were 55.3% and 36% among wealthy and low-income families, respectively. Affluent families sought care from qualified service providers. Educated household heads chose qualified service providers for their children at a higher rate than illiterate household heads. Lack of knowledge, lack of awareness and financial constraints are significant barriers to seeking proper health care. More than half of the caregivers did not seek any eye care services for their children. Socio-demographic factors, and financial constraints play an essential role in the health-seeking behaviour of the parents.

Developing an immersive gamification technology system for the management of patients with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (Phase 1 trial)

AbstractBackgroundVirtual reality (VR) technology has been increasingly used in the management of people living with dementia, serving as a novel and important non‐pharmacologic approach to address the complex behavioral and psychological symptoms. The objective of this phase 1 study was to develop an immersive gamification technology system (ImGTS), specifically, a VR application, and describe its acceptability, usability, and safety in a cohort of healthy adults.MethodThe development of ImGTS included software and hardware designs appropriate for the local context and tested using two distinct set‐ups: head‐mounted display (HMD) and the Semi‐Cave automatic virtual environment (Semi‐CAVE). Qualitative and quantitative data questionnaires, with responses analyzed using thematic analysis and descriptive statistics were used to measure the sense of place, usability and safety of the two set‐ups.ResultParticipants who used the HMD (n = 15) and the Semi‐CAVE (n = 15) had positive impressions and clear recollections of the VR experience. Incidence of VR sickness symptoms was low, and the mean total VR sickness scores decreased across sessions. Participants in both groups were able to perform key tasks in the VR experience, and the majority performed these actions with ease by the final testing session (n = 15 for the HMD, n = 13 for the Semi‐CAVE). The three main activities were given a ‘neutral to positive’ description in terms of satisfaction.ConclusionThe technology we developed had a considerable level of impact in eliciting important aspects of cognition and emotion. Through self‐reported measures and researcher observations, we found that the HMD and Semi‐CAVE VR setups were safe, acceptable and usable by healthy adult participants.

Are University Students Willing to Communicate in English Language Courses?

Abstract From a pedagogical-psychological point of view, communication in teaching occurs between a teacher and a student or between students themselves. It contributes to the activation of internal mental processes, not only in participating individuals, but it benefits the entire class as a whole. Moreover, in the teaching of a foreign language, communication is not only the means of communication, but it also becomes the content of the lesson. Students verify their knowledge and improve their speaking skills through the meaningful use of the foreign language. The willingness to communicate construct answers the question of why some people are more inclined to share their thoughts, knowledge, and opinions verbally more than others. In the presented research, I investigated students’ willingness to communicate in English language courses on a sample of university students (n = 350) using a quantitative questionnaire survey. The overall results indicate that students are generally willing to communicate in English language classes, i.e. the overall reported level of willingness to communicate among students was high, and the results of individual speech skills did not indicate significant differences. However, a closer look at individual speaking skills shows that students report a higher willingness to communicate for items that describe receptive speaking skills.

Risk Perception of Healthcare Workers Regarding Polymer Medical Waste Management

Despite the relatively small amounts produced, medical waste is a significant issue for the government and the healthcare industry primarily because it poses threats to persons and the environment. Healthcare wastes pose threats to the environment and public health, but knowledge of these concerns and how they relate to management techniques is still lacking. Evaluating waste management practices and healthcare staff expertise is critical to identify shortcomings and lower risk levels. The study was conducted at three selected private hospitals. These three hospitals contain 462 beds, all together with 184 healthcare workers. The study was designed as a descriptive cross-sectional study, and three private healthcare institutions in the study region were evaluated. These 100 healthcare workers were chosen by purposive sampling. The hospitals under consideration include general surgical, Gynecological, pediatric, and various specialty treatments. Data was gathered for the study utilizing a quantitative questionnaire, which includes closed-ended structured questionnaires. The results showed that most healthcare workers practice waste segregation at source. Chemical cross-linking was very poor. However, waste shredding technology is being used substantially. Risk perception among Healthcare workers regarding polymer help waste management showed more of average to high risk. The study concluded that despite the existence of policies and plans, execution is still subpar at private healthcare institutions. The creation of guidelines for hospital waste management, their distribution to other institutions, and their encouragement to do a critical self-evaluation should all be required by the government.