Since 2020, epidemics, the rise of tech stocks, stimulus measures and monetary easing have all had a huge impact on stock prices. With this in mind, this paper summarizes the historical background of stock price research, which has evolved at different stages from technical analysis to fundamental analysis to quantitative analysis and behavioral finance. At the same time, through a comparative study of multiple linear regression and univariate linear regression on stock price data from three Chinese securities firms, this paper finds that different stocks may require different prediction models to obtain more accurate prediction results. The significance of this study is that it provides investors with information about stock price fluctuations and trends, which helps to formulate more informed investment strategies and risk management. In addition, it helps economists to study the impact of stock market on macroeconomics. Overall, these results shed light on guiding further exploration of stock price prediction based on various models.