Quantitative Data Research Articles

Exploring the Intersections of Artificial Intelligence, Organizational Behavior, and Communication Dynamics in the Modern Workplace

Purpose: While organisations struggle to improve efficiency and productivity, the interaction between AI, organisational behaviour, and communication dynamics tends to be complex in the rapidly evolving modern workplace. Moreover, understanding the implications of this intersection is necessary to encourage a balanced and effective workplace. Hence, employing AI technologies in organisational structures introduces challenges such as workforce adaptation, psychological impact, and communication patterns. This research explored how AI influences organisational behaviour and communication dynamics in the modern workplace. Study design/methodology/approach: This study used a mixed method to explore organisational behaviour and communication dynamics across diverse industries comprehensively. This questionnaire aimed to gather respondents’ experiences, focusing on organisational behaviour and communication dynamics. Furthermore, in-depth interviews were conducted with key stakeholders (n = 13) to obtain additional insights into goodness and trustworthiness. These interviews offered more depth and richness, providing insights into organisational settings. This mixed methodology ensured a complex understanding of the research problem, leveraging quantitative and qualitative data to enhance the analysis. Findings: The research findings revealed the pathways to how AI influences organisational behaviour and communication dynamics. Initial analysis of survey data and interviews offered insights into employee perceptions, identifying potential challenges and opportunities. One major trait emerging from data analysis is employees’ unstable levels of apprehension and enthusiasm regarding AI integration. While many view it as a mechanism for efficiency, productivity, and innovation, others indicate distress about job shifts and loss of autonomy. Understanding and adopting these opposing insights are fundamental for encouraging a positive organisational ecosystem for AI readiness and adoption. Originality/value: By examining the impact of AI on employees’ attitudes, collaboration, and communication patterns, this research contributes viable insights for organisations navigating the integration of AI into their structures.

Productivity of Employees within a hybrid Work Ecosystem

Purpose of the research: The focus of this study pays critical attention on the new norm in the work environment, investigating how the workplace has change drastically and the employee behaviour has also been influenced by this so-called change. The productivity of employees within the organisation has also taken a new turn. Therefore, investigating the influence, actions and reactions of both the employees and organisations to this change has become extremely pivotal to this study. The literature review of indicated the evolving nature of the topic due to the fact that the topic is somewhat new, adapting sunders research onion explain the methodology. Methodology: This research is quantitative Mono-method and Primary data collection engaged the participation of a sample size of 50 respondents that will include managers and employees. From data collection to analysis, Saunders research onion is adopted to explain in detail, each layer of the onion as applicable the research topic. The research onion may not be perfect but contributes immensely in making holistic decision in research methodology design and details. Findings: This investigation indicated that the introduction of new productivity tools in a hybrid work environment amounted to personal development, effectiveness and growth among employee and management, with work environment being reinvented, motivation, job development and technology. Also, the post-pandemic workplace is more technological and has a very wide depts of new and updated productivity tools in line, calling for more training and of employee to attain efficiency. Implications Practical: The findings of this studies imply that the adoption of new productivity tools promotes job effectiveness of employees, promotes job retention, and build motivated and relevant workforce. Therefore, employees are able to work well under any when they are adequately equipped with the right technology. Conclusions: The study concluded that productivity tools are essential to the productivity of employees and organisational effectiveness. However new technology requires training to enhance the fluidity of employee workflow and keeps the organisation relevant.

Assessment of Dust Deposition through Image Analysis in Complex and Remote Exhibition Sites: Study in the Cloister of the Santa María de El Paular Monastery in the Sierra de Guadarrama, Spain

Dust deposition is an important aspect of the conservation of heritage collections. Most proposed methods for dust monitoring focus on total area coverage or airborne concentrations. There is a lack of published data and methodologies to obtain size distributions of deposited particles on real historic sites. The purpose of the study was to develop and describe a method for obtaining quantitative data from dust deposition without the need for sophisticated laboratory equipment, based on optical microscopy photography and software-based image analysis. Bare microscope slides were used as passive collectors of dust. Tests were carried out on a collection of oil paintings displayed in the cloister of the Monastery of Santa María de El Paular in the Sierra de Guadarrama in Spain for one year, with a distance of 100 km between this place and the laboratory. The designed method allowed for the detection of significant differences in deposition depending on the location and seasonal period. Vertically orientated bare slides did not provide relevant information and a magnification of 50× was not really useful. However, horizontal collectors and a magnification of 10× allowed studying the deposition of particles above 2 μm2.

Improving the Organizational Efficiency of Manufacturing Enterprises: The Role of Digital Transformation, Resource Planning (ERP), and Business Practices

Purpose: An ERP system's primary goal is to improve an organization's organizational efficiency by controlling and optimizing the use of its resources. Method: Both quantitative and qualitative data are combined in the mixed-methods methodology to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject. To assess the degree of ERP deployment and digital transformation, quantitative data will be gathered. On the other hand, the subtleties of business operations and the interactions between these variables will be investigated using qualitative data. Result and Conclusion: This study offers a thorough grasp of how ERP systems, business processes, and digital transformation can improve organizational effectiveness in manufacturing companies. It advances the field by emphasizing the value of integration and providing useful takeaways as well as recommendations for further study in the quest of manufacturing's operational excellence. Implication of Research: Examine the issues surrounding data privacy and cybersecurity as well as potential solutions in the context of digital transformation and ERP system integration. Originality/Value: Examine how industrial companies are now adopting digital transformation. Evaluate ERP systems' contribution to manufacturing operations optimization. Examine how different business practices affect the effectiveness of an organization.

The effects of leadership behaviours on departmental performance in Ethiopian public research universities

AbstractDespite the abundance of research linking leadership behaviours to organisational effectiveness in various sectors, there is a lack of empirical studies that investigate how leadership behaviours influence performance in the context of research universities. The present study examined the effects of leadership behaviours on departmental performance in public research universities in Ethiopia. The study employed a quantitatively driven embedded type of mixed methods design. The participants of the study were 1176 academic staff (969 instructors and 207 department heads). They were selected from four public research universities using a simple random sampling technique. In addition, 14 key informants were selected using a purposive sampling technique based on their teaching‐learning, research and leadership lived experiences in higher education institutions and interviewed using semi‐structured guiding questions. Quantitative data were collected using questionnaires composed of demographic questions and adapted versions of two scales: Multifactor Leadership Questionnaires and a new tool for measuring global academic performance. The quantitative data were analysed using frequency, percentage, multiple correlations and regression, one sample t‐test, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Version 23.0 of Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) and SPSS‐23 were used for data analyses. Qualitative data were analysed thematically using open code version 4.03 software. The analyses showed that transactional leadership dimension and teaching‐learning dimension of departmental performance were practised predominantly. Dimensions of leadership behaviour were found to be positively and significantly related to dimensions of departmental performance. The joint contributions of dimensions of leadership behaviour were larger than their separate contributions, thereby supporting the formulated alternative hypotheses. Implications of the findings were discussed.Context and implicationsRationale for the studyLeadership is one of the indispensable factors that determine organisational success. However, empirical study findings that show the effects of leadership behaviours on departmental performance in public higher education institutions were scarce.Why the new findings matterThe new findings matter because the transactional leadership dimension of leadership behaviours and the teaching‐learning dimension of departmental performance are practiced predominantly in the sampled research universities. The findings demonstrated that the stated dimensions of leadership behaviour are positively and significantly related to departmental performance. It is more informative and contributes to knowledge and practice that the combined contributions of leadership behaviours are larger than their separate contributions.Implications for practitionersThe findings of the study have policy and practical implications for improving effectiveness of higher education leadership and departmental performance dimensions: the teaching‐learning process, research and community services in the context of Ethiopian public research universities. This finding further implies that schools and department heads need to use a combination of appropriate leadership behaviours in order to improve departmental performance dimensions.

Analysis of Elite Contestation and Political Base of the GOLKAR Party during the 2014-2016 Joko Widodo Administration

This study aims to examine the elite contestation and political base of the GOLKAR Party during the 2014-2016 Joko Widodo administration. From this analysis, the following novelties are observed. Firstly, elite contestation often evaluates the power struggle only, although it is presently analyzed with its socio-political base. Secondly, the existing study of elite cooperation and competition prioritizes the experience of liberal democracies in the Western tradition, requiring elite autonomy from the state. In this case, the elites in the GOLKAR competition and cooperation are interrelated with the state. Thirdly, elite theory is presently used with contestation in political party organizations despite relevant implementation not being performed after tracing and exploring bibliometrics with the VOSviewer application. These three studies show that only strong party institutions and elite adaptation are required in the new system during a political transition. In the qualitative study, the elites successfully build networks and cooperate with government elites and organizations, which also possess the popularity, leadership, reputation, and capital to succeed in contestation using quantitative data.

Effect of Eco-Friendly Perceptions on Behaviour of Guests in Eco-Rated Camps at the Maasai Mara National Reserve, Kenya

In the current era where environmental degradation is alarming, hospitality enterprises have picked up pace and put greater effort in finding practical solutions to the problem. In this regard, the main driver of environmental conservation is stakeholders’ support, especially that of clientele. However, effectiveness of ecological measures mainly depends on favourability of hotel guests’ perceptions towards the initiatives. Drawing on the Theory of Planned Behaviour, this study sought to establish the effect of eco-friendly perceptions on behaviour of guests in eco-rated camps at the Maasai Mara National Reserve in Kenya. The philosophical position of the study was pragmatism with an embedded mixed methods research design. The study population comprised of 44 eco-rated camp managers and 208, 620 visitors to the Maasai Mara National Reserve. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 10 managers and 399 hotel guests were selected using clustered, stratified, and proportionate random sampling techniques. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive statistics while, inferential statistics were derived from Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) based on the Partial Least Squares technique (PLS). Qualitative data was analysed using narrative analysis. The results showed that perceived behavioural consequences and perceived behavioural control had significant effect on eco-friendly behaviour of guests β=0.0317, p = 0.005 <0.05 and β=0.289, p = 0.001 <0.05, respectively. However, perceived subjective norms had no significant effect on eco-friendly behaviour of guests β=0.008, p = 0.36 >0.05. The study recommends environmental protection campaigns that strengthen favourable behavioural and control beliefs as well as a better understanding perceived subjective norms and precise socio-cultural contexts in order to augment the most compelling practices. Future research approaches could narrow the sampling frames and test the predictive role of normative beliefs in a specified socio-cultural setting

Connecting species-specific extents of genome reduction in mitochondria and plastids.

Mitochondria and plastids have both dramatically reduced their genomes since the endosymbiotic events that created them. The similarities and differences in the evolution of the two organelle genome types has been the target of discussion and investigation for decades. Ongoing work has suggested that similar mechanisms may modulate the reductive evolution of the two organelles in a given species, but quantitative data and statistical analyses exploring this picture remain limited outside of some specific cases like parasitism. Here, we use cross-eukaryote organelle genome data to explore evidence for coevolution of mitochondrial and chloroplast genome reduction. Controlling for differences between clades and pseudoreplication due to relatedness, we find that extents of mtDNA and ptDNA gene retention are related to each other across taxa, in a generally positive correlation that appears to differ quantitatively across eukaryotes, for example, between algal and non-algal species. We find limited evidence for coevolution of specific mtDNA and ptDNA gene pairs, suggesting that the similarities between the two organelle types may be due mainly to independent responses to consistent evolutionary drivers.

Motivating supervisors during disability accommodation: a comprehensive examination on job demand and resources theories

PurposeThis study develops and tests a comprehensive model that examines whether dimensions of supervisors’ job demands and resources influence their work motivation through their job strain levels while managing disability accommodation (DA).Design/methodology/approachThe proposed model leverages the assumptions of established job demand and resources theories, including demand-ability fit, job demand-control, job demand-control-support, and effort-reward balance models. Then, we tested with the quantitative data from 335 British, Canadian, American, Australian, Dutch, and German supervisors with recent DA experience.FindingsThis study found support for the proposed model. Job control and social support directly affected work motivation, while job strain did not mediate the relationship between job control and social support and work motivation. The results suggest that employers looking to improve the likelihood of DA success should focus on providing adequate job control, social support, and rewards to supervisors responsible for accommodating employees with disabilities.Practical implicationsThis research enhances our understanding of how additional DA responsibilities impact supervisors and aids in the development of effective DA management policies and interventions, providing robust support for practitioners.Originality/valueThis study contributes to extending the DA literature by testing the applicability of different theoretical models to explain the effect of the additional DA responsibility on supervisors’ job demand, strain, and motivation levels and identify the resources to mitigate them.

Quantitative analysis of the effects of brushing, flossing, and mouthrinsing on supragingival and subgingival plaque microbiota: 12-week clinical trial

BackgroundTranslational microbiome research using next-generation DNA sequencing is challenging due to the semi-qualitative nature of relative abundance data. A novel method for quantitative analysis was applied in this 12-week clinical trial to understand the mechanical vs. chemotherapeutic actions of brushing, flossing, and mouthrinsing against the supragingival dental plaque microbiome. Enumeration of viable bacteria using vPCR was also applied on supragingival plaque for validation and on subgingival plaque to evaluate interventional effects below the gingival margin.MethodsSubjects with gingivitis were enrolled in a single center, examiner-blind, virtually supervised, parallel group controlled clinical trial. Subjects with gingivitis were randomized into brushing only (B); brushing and flossing (BF); brushing and rinsing with Listerine® Cool Mint® Antiseptic (BA); brushing and rinsing with Listerine® Cool Mint® Zero (BZ); or brushing, flossing, and rinsing with Listerine® Cool Mint® Zero (BFZ). All subjects brushed twice daily for 1 min with a sodium monofluorophosphate toothpaste and a soft-bristled toothbrush. Subjects who flossed used unflavored waxed dental floss once daily. Subjects assigned to mouthrinses rinsed twice daily. Plaque specimens were collected at the baseline visit and after 4 and 12 weeks of intervention. Bacterial cell number quantification was achieved by adding reference amounts of DNA controls to plaque samples prior to DNA extraction, followed by shallow shotgun metagenome sequencing.Results286 subjects completed the trial. The metagenomic data for supragingival plaque showed significant reductions in Shannon-Weaver diversity, species richness, and total and categorical bacterial abundances (commensal, gingivitis, and malodor) after 4 and 12 weeks for the BA, BZ, and BFZ groups compared to the B group, while no significant differences were observed between the B and BF groups. Supragingival plaque vPCR further validated these results, and subgingival plaque vPCR demonstrated significant efficacy for the BFZ intervention only.ConclusionsThis publication reports on a successful application of a quantitative method of microbiome analysis in a clinical trial demonstrating the sustained and superior efficacy of essential oil mouthrinses at controlling dental plaque compared to mechanical methods. The quantitative microbiological data in this trial also reinforce the safety and mechanism of action of EO mouthrinses against plaque microbial ecology and highlights the importance of elevating EO mouthrinsing as an integral part of an oral hygiene regimen.Trial registrationThe trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on 31/10/2022. The registration number is NCT05600231.

Development and evaluation of neuroscience lesson content to improve Key Stage 3 (11–14 year old) students' understanding of the early years in England

AbstractThe Oxford SEEN (Secondary Education around Early Neurodevelopment) project developed Key Stage 3 (11–14 year olds) science lesson content about the importance of the early years for lifelong health and evaluated its impact on students' knowledge of the neuroscience and practical application to a real‐world scenario. A mixed methods approach was used collecting quantitative and qualitative data from students and staff using pre‐ and post‐lesson surveys and focus groups. Data were analysed from 2767 students from 20 schools in England. The new curriculum successfully increased both student's scientific understanding and practical application of knowledge about neurodevelopment and the role of the caregiver. students’ mean multiple choice question scores (assessing knowledge) were higher post‐lesson compared to pre‐lesson; this increase was consistent across gender and year group. The post‐lesson and 6–8‐week follow‐up scores were similar, indicating a retention in students' knowledge. Students were also asked how they would care for a 2‐year‐old child to promote brain development; before the lessons 89% of students provided no or a basic level answer, but after the lessons 50% of students provided detailed or advanced comments. The lessons were feasible and acceptable; both teachers and students stated the curriculum should be taught to other students. Qualitative analyses indicated that the lessons inspired the curiosity of both teachers and students and were perceived to impact on students' interaction with children in their current lives and their future career choices. The Oxford SEEN curriculum could serve as a foundation to build community‐wide knowledge about the importance of the early years, with the aim of enhancing mental and physical health outcomes for future generations.

Tunnelling Behavior: Exploring Corporate Governance and Ownership Structure

This paper investigates the impact of corporate governance quality and ownership structure on tunnelling behaviour in Indonesia, specifically examining the moderating effect of the number of subsidiaries. The study utilized quantitative research methods and secondary data from the Indonesia Stock Exchange, company websites, and relevant journals. The sample consisted of 474 observations from listed companies on the IDX, excluding non-financial firms, covering the period from 2016 to 2019. Statistical analyses, including Pearson Correlation, OLS Regression, and Moderated Regression, were conducted using STATA 14.2 software. The results indicate that managerial ownership, government ownership, and corporate governance quality positively influence tunnelling behaviour, while domestic ownership has a negative impact. Foreign ownership, on the other hand, does not significantly affect tunnelling behaviour. Notably, the number of subsidiaries strengthens the relationship between corporate governance quality and tunnelling behaviour.

The Impact of English Cartoons on Pronunciation of Chinese Children English Learning----A Research Proposal

This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of English cartoons in helping Chinese children adjust their English pronunciation. The primary participants will be primary school students just beginning their English language learning journey. Through reviewing previous studies and conducting experimental research, this piece of work aims to improve current teaching methods for primary school students. The study adopts a quantitative data analysis approach, utilizing t-tests and ANCOVA to analyze the participants pronunciation scores before and after watching English cartoons. Conducting such a test is certainly worthwhile, as the results will provide researchers interested in exploring the function of cartoons in pedagogical theories with a firsthand model and, hopefully, a repeatable experimental method. The conclusions of this research may also assist schools and educational institutions in better-utilizing cartoons and other similar mediums, promoting productive development in children's education. Although this research will be conducted with certain limitations, such as age restrictions among participants and potential external factors related to using cartoons as a new media in traditional educational methods, researchers have recognized these challenges. They will make every effort to regulate them.

Bridging the Digital Divide: Exploring the Role of Artificial Intelligence and Automation in Enhancing Connectivity in Developing Nations

This research paper explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation to reduce the digital divide in developing countries. The study investigates how these technologies can enhance accessibility and efficiency in critical sectors such as education, healthcare, agriculture, and economic development, thereby contributing to social and economic progress. Key findings indicate that AI and automation can significantly improve educational outcomes by providing personalized learning experiences, enhancing healthcare delivery through better diagnostics and patient care, increasing agricultural productivity with precision farming, and stimulating economic growth by creating new job opportunities and improving market access. However, deploying these technologies faces substantial challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, significant skills gaps, cultural resistance, and policy constraints. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data analysis with qualitative case studies to comprehensively understand the impacts and challenges associated with implementing AI and automation in less developed regions. The scope of the study spans several developing countries, offering insights relevant to policymakers, NGOs, and the private sector engaged in technology deployment for development. The paper underscores the necessity for a collaborative approach to overcome the identified barriers and suggests strategic recommendations for stakeholders to leverage AI and automation as practical tools for closing the digital divide. This study contributes to the broader discourse on technology’s role in global development, highlighting both the transformative potential of AI and automation and the critical need for inclusive and context-sensitive technology governance.

A Critical Examination of the E-Taxation, Improvement in Tax Compliance and Revenue Collection of Economic Development in Nigeria: An Examination covering 2008 to 2023.

This study looked into the topic of e-taxation and enhanced tax compliance in Nigeria. The study aimed to achieve two particular goals. It investigated the impact of e-taxation on tax evasion in Nigeria, as well as the extent to which e-taxation has contributed to the reduction of tax avoidance in Nigeria. The study's analysis used secondary quantitative data from the Federal Inland Revenue Services (FIRS) and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The study found that e-taxation had a considerable beneficial impact on tax evasion in Nigeria. The study found that the mean value of tax revenue increased after the implementation of e-taxation when compared to the mean value before the adoption of the e-taxation system. It also indicated that e-taxation has greatly helped in curbing the issue of tax evasion in Nigeria. The data analysis revealed a greater mean value for tax revenue following the implementation of e-taxation as compared to the mean value before the e-taxation system. The report provided numerous important recommendations, including the necessity for FIRS to develop an electronic tax payment system mobile App that will raise awareness and simplify the country's e-tax system. This study concluded that the e-taxation system in Nigeria achieves higher tax compliance than the manual approach.

Intersectionality analysis of young people’s experiences and perceptions of discrimination in primary health centers in Ebonyi State, Southeast Nigeria

Background Young people (aged 10 to 24 years) in sub-Saharan Africa bear a huge and disproportionate burden of poor sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes due to inequalities and discrimination in accessing sexual and reproductive health services (SRHS). This study assessed the experiences and perceptions of discrimination among young people seeking SRH services in Primary Health Centers (PHCs) using an intersectionality lens.Methods A cross-sectional mixed-methods study was undertaken in six local government areas (LGAs) in Ebonyi State, southeast Nigeria. The LGAs comprise both urban and rural locations. The study population for the quantitative survey consisted of 1025 randomly selected young boys and girls aged 15–24 years. Eleven focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with the young people. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed for quantitative data, while thematic analysis was performed for the qualitative data, using NVivo.Results A total of 16.68% participants in the survey reported that young girls/women were treated badly/unfairly compared to young boys/men when seeking SRH services in PHCs; 15.22% reported that young clients get treated badly/unfairly from adults; and 12.49% reported that young clients with poor economic status were treated unfairly. Respondents also reported that young clients with disability (12.12%), and those who are poorly educated or uneducated (10.63%) are treated badly by healthcare providers when they access SRH services. Young people in urban areas were about 7 times more likely to believe that girls/young women are treated badly than boys/young men when seeking SRH services in PHCs compared to those who live in rural areas (p < 0.001). Among the young girls/women, residing in urban areas, being poor and in school increased the likelihood of getting treated badly/unfairly when receiving SRH services by 4 times (p < 0.001). The qualitative results revealed that health workers were generally harsh to young people seeking SRH services and the level of harshness or unfriendliness of the health workers varied depending on the young person’s social identity.ConclusionThere are varieties of intersecting factors that contribute to the discrimination of young clients in PHCs. This underscores the urgent need to prioritize intersectional perspectives in the design and implementation of interventions that will improve access and use of SRH services by young people.

Polarization and health-related behaviours and outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review protocol

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic affected people’s health behaviours and health outcomes. Political or affective polarization could be associated with health behaviours such as mask-wearing or vaccine uptake and with health outcomes, e.g., infection or mortality rate. Political polarization relates to divergence or spread of ideological beliefs and affective polarization is about dislike between people of different political groups, such as ideologies or parties. The objectives of this study are to investigate and synthesize evidence about associations between both forms of polarization and COVID-19 health behaviours and outcomes. Methods In this systematic review, we will include quantitative studies that assess the relationship between political or affective polarization and COVID-19-related behaviours and outcomes, including adherence to mask mandates, vaccine uptake, infection and mortality rate. We will use a predetermined strategy to search EMBASE, Medline (Ovid), Cochrane Library, Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register, Global Health (Ovid), PsycInfo (Ovid), Web of Science, CINAHL, EconLit (EBSCOhost), WHO COVID-19 Database, iSearch COVID-19 Portfolio (NIH) and Google Scholar from 2019 to September 8 2023. One reviewer will screen unique records according to eligibility criteria. A second reviewer will verify the selection. Data extraction, using pre-piloted electronic forms, will follow a similar process. The risk of bias of the included studies will be assessed using the JBI checklist for analytical cross sectional studies. We will summarise the included studies descriptively and examine the heterogeneity between studies. Quantitative data pooling might not be feasible due to variations in measurement methods used to evaluate exposure, affective and political polarization. If there are enough relevant studies for statistical data synthesis, we will conduct a meta-analysis. Discussion This review will help to better understand the concept of polarization in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and might inform decision making for future pandemics. Protocol registration PROSPERO ID: CRD42023475828.

Prevalence of signs of professional burnout among medical workers involved in providing medical care for circulatory system diseases

BACKGROUND: Among 13 thousand doctors interviewed in 2021, 42% displayed signs of professional burnout. This phenomenon negatively affects the frequency of repeated hospitalizations, the number of adverse events, and increased employee turnover. However, studies concerning burnout in doctors are rare and do not focus on specialists who provide medical care for patients with circulatory system diseases (CSD). AIM: was to assess the level of burnout in medical workers involved in the provision of medical care for patients with CSD and to explore staff perceptions of its prevention. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A sociological survey (based on the standardized Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire) was conducted among medical personnel (women represented the majority of the sample — 76%, men — 24%). The sample is represented by doctors (n=89), nursing staff and auxillary nurses (NSAN) (n=128). The mean age for the whole group of respondents was 40.7±0.7, professional experience lasted 12.0±0.6 years. Standard methods of descriptive statistics were used for the data analysis. The age characteristics of the group had no significant differences by professional categories. Doctors had 39.0±1.2 years (min — 24, max — 63), NSAN had 41.0±0.6 years (min — 19, max — 67). Professional experience lasted differed doctors 39.0±1.2 years, in NSAN — 12.3±0.8. Men were characterized by a mean age of 36.7±1.6 years and professional experience lasted 10.0±1.2 years and women 42.0±0.7 years and 12.6±0.7 years, respectively. The character of distribution of quantitative data in the presented study was analyzed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Shapiro–Wilk criterion. RESULTS: 80.2% of respondents presented with a high level of reduced professional accomplishments (RPA), 53.4% — a moderate average level of depersonalization. The emotional exhaustion was similar in all respondents, although average level of emotional exhaustion was the most prevalent (39.6%). 43.8% of doctors had an average level of emotional exhaustion, which is higher compared with NSAN — 37.5%. Clinical and paraclinical units are associated with a medium level of emotional exhaustion and a high RPA. At the same time, paraclinical units are characterized by a medium level of depersonalization, in contrast to clinical units, which are found to have a high level of this factor. According to the respondents, possible measures to prevent emotional burnout should include a set of measures including, rational distribution of responsibilities within departments, workload among the staff, as well as the formation of special skills to overcome stressful situations and optimization of activities with the help of digital solutions (support system for medical decisions, etc.). CONCLUSION: Working as medical staff and providing medical care for patients with CSD is strongly associated with a high level of reduced professional accomplishments (80.2% of respondents). Proper measures for the prevention of emotional burnout should primarily include organizational solutions focused on optimizing internal processes in medical staff’ work. According to the respondents, among the measures aimed at the prevention of emotional burnout, the most demanded may be: rational distribution of responsibilities within departments, workload among staff, as well as the formation of special skills to overcome stressful situations and optimization of activities with the help of digital solutions (medical decision support system, etc.).

Health System-Related Factors that Influence Retention in Care among HIV Infected Pregnant Women in Narok County, Kenya

Purpose: The aim of the study was to establish the health system-related factors that influence retention in care among HIV infected pregnant women in Narok County, Kenya. Methodology: The study adopted a cross-sectional mixed method design. Purposive sampling method was used to sample the required sample size of 117 HIV infected pregnant women, the participants of the Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and Key Informant Interviews (KII). The study was carried out at Narok County Referral and all the sub-county hospitals in Narok County. A structured questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data. Focus group discussion and KII guides were used to collect qualitative data. Quantitative and qualitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 21 and Nvivo version 14 respectively. Chi square test and logistic regression analysis were used to determine the health system-related factors that influence retention in HIV care. Thematic content analysis was done for qualitative data. The mean age of participants was 30 years (SD=6.48). The study results generated were presented in bar graphs and tables for quantitative data. Results were presented as narrations and triangulated with qualitative data. Findings: This study established that health system-related factors (waiting time, health care workers services and ARV availability) influenced retention in care among HIV infected pregnant women. However, only ARV availability had a significant association with retention in care (P&lt;0.001, OR=0.19). The multiple logistic regression was used to predict the influence of grouped variables. Overall, the model was a significant predictor of retention in care. Health system related factors was found to increase the likelihood of being retained in care (OR=5.14), though not significant predictors of retention in care (P&lt;0.34). Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Health system-related factors particularly ARV drug stocks, healthcare workers staffing and timely access of services should be strengthened in order to avert stock outs, minimize waiting time and follow up patients who miss clinic appointments to increase retention among pregnant women in HIV care. Advocate for policy reforms aimed at addressing structural barriers to retention in care, including increased investment in healthcare infrastructure, workforce capacity building, and integration of HIV services within maternal and child health programs. By aligning policy initiatives with the unique needs of HIV-infected pregnant women, policymakers can foster an enabling environment for retention in care, ultimately contributing to the achievement of national and global HIV/AIDS targets.

The Interventional Capacity of Community Health Volunteers for Screening and Linkages of Non-Communicable Diseases in Nyeri County, Kenya

Purpose: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a significant global health challenge, contributing to 50% of worldwide morbidity and 63% of mortality. The burden is particularly substantial in low—and middle-income countries (LMICs), where 80% of NCD-related deaths occur. This study evaluated barriers and challenges to effective screening and linkages of NCDs in Nyeri County. Methodology: A quasi-experimental non-equivalent pre-and post-test design was conducted from May 2022 to March 2023. The study employed multistage cluster and random sampling to select ten community units, resulting in 150 community health volunteers (CHVs) in the control unit and 150 in the intervention group. Data collection was facilitated through the KOBO app. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 28.0, and qualitative data was audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed via N-Vivo 12 and findings were presented in textual descriptions and thematic analysis that included direct quotes from participants, descriptions of observed behaviors, and interpretations of patterns and themes. Findings: The study shows that 59.3% of respondents have minimal information, and 92.7 % (n =139) have no clear understanding of NCDs, with a pre-intervention capacity of 48.8%. Independent sample t-test showed a significant difference in capacity from a pre-intervention average of 48.75 (SD±5.7) %, which increased to 68.28 (SD±7.6) %, p&lt;0.001. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: There is a need for a comprehensive, and culturally sensitive training for that will focus on modern healthcare practices, implementing more structured, community-centric approaches involving effective communication, mobilization, and sensitization will enhance the capacity and acceptance of CHVs' roles in combating NCDs. Continuous research and evaluation should ensure practical changes including innovations and use of mobile apps like NCDs app and wheel. An easy-to-use CHV mobile app, continuous capacity building and increased awareness and training will greatly improve on CHVs screening and linkages. Therefore, in this era of technology and use of mobile phones, there is need to develop an app that can be integrated with CHVs mobile phones, Healthcare facility and clients for close NCD monitoring and referral.