Product Quality Standards Research Articles

Natural language processing in official statistics: The social mood on economy index experience

In recent years, Eurostat promoted Experimental Statistics, i.e., statistics that “have not reached full maturity in terms of harmonization, coverage or methodology”. These statistics are based on new data sources, mainly Big Data, able to improve timeliness and provide new complementary measures to Official Statistics estimates. However, the use of Big Data implies new quality challenges, and a well-defined Big Data quality framework is not available. The Social Mood on Economy Index (SMEI) is among the first experimental statistics on Big Data published by the Italian National Statistics Institute (Istat) since 2018. SMEI is a daily index computed from the Italian Twitter’s public stream aimed at representing the evolution of the feelings on economics topics. The longevity of SMEI makes it a perfect candidate to investigate Big Data related quality issues. Its intrinsic multivariate approach hinders the interpretation of the index. Are we able to track its quality characteristics? What are specific uses of the SME index? The paper will report current discussion and solutions implemented at Istat, in particular it focuses on SMEI’s revision due to COVID-19 pandemic. The present work is aiming at contributing to the ESS debate on setting up quality standards for processing Big Data-based statistical products.

The effect of different drying methods and microalgae species on the quality parameters of biodiesel obtained by transesterification technique

In the study, seven microalgae species called Nitzschia sp., Nannochloropsis sp., Botryococcus braunii, Neochloris oleoabundans, Schizochytrium sp., Chlorella vulgaris L., and Chlorella variabiilis L. were dried by four drying methods: spray, convective, vacuum, and microwave. Biodiesel was produced from dried microalgae via transesterification.The vegetable oil yield was the maximum in spray and vacuum dried Schizochytrium with 35.50 and %34.53, respectively. Similarly, the highest biodiesel yield with 100% was obtained in Schizochytrium dried by spray technique. However, the cloud point of −1.77 °C was the lowest in Botryococcus braunii samples dehydrated by microwave drying. The highest pour point with −10.13 °C was obtained in microwave dried Chlorella variabilis samples, but the maximum freezing point was found in the microwave and convective dried samples of Chlorella variabilis with −13.60 and −13.70 °C, respectively. The lowest water content was measured in biodiesel samples from Botryococcus braunii, Chlorella vulgaris, and Chlorella variabilis dried by microwave technique. However, the best results regarding calorific value were found in Schizochytrium samples dried by spray and vacuum. The viscosity with 6.08 mm2 s−1 and density with 0.90 g cm−3 of Botryococcus braunii dried by the microwave method were at the maximum.Interestingly, two species commonly used in biodiesel production, Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella variabilis, could not meet the expectations regarding quality parameters. Also, Schizochytrium and Nitzschia were determined as the most suitable microalgae species for the quality standards for biodiesel production. Compared to the others, the most successful results were obtained in the biodiesel produced from Schizochytrium dried spray drying.

Physiological Response of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Plants to Foliar Application of Biostimulants

The use of biostimulants in crop production can be an economically viable option for farmers and enable them to meet the increasing quality standards of agricultural products and consumer expectations for sustainability and environmental protection. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of foliar application of biostimulants on the course of physiological processes in pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants. Field studies with conventional fertilizers/biostimulants of plant origin (N1) and an ecological biostimulant of animal origin (N2) in the cultivation of eight pea varieties were carried out in the years 2015–2017 in south-eastern Poland. With favorable weather conditions during the flowering and pod setting period, as a result of N1 and N2 fertilization, in the BBCH 65 and BBCH 79 phases, there was a significant increase in the relative Chl content, Chl fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, Fv/F0, PI) and gas exchange (Pn, E, gs), measured in pea bracts. The relative content of Chl and the course of physiological processes in the plant were more favorably affected by N1 fertilization. Our data also confirm the beneficial effect of N2 application, but weaker than N1, which was determined by the strong negative reaction of plants to N2 fertilization in 2016, with rainfall shortages in the flowering and pod development phases. The experiment showed that in favorable weather conditions the applied foliar preparations have a positive effect on the physiological processes occurring in the plant, but in drought conditions they do not significantly mitigate its negative effects.

Peranan Kepolisian Republik Indonesia dalam Menanggulangi Peredaran Minuman Beralkohol secara Ilegal

Liquor or better known as alcoholic beverage is a drink that contains ethanol (ethyl alcohol). The main factor for the increase in alcoholic beverages below quality standards is because there is a price divider and the quality of consumer demand. Home-scale beverage manufacturers take this opportunity by providing products that are of questionable safety. For consumers, the availability of alcoholic beverages at low prices encourages consumption without considering product quality standards. This is the background of the research entitled The Role of the Indonesian Police in Combating the Illegal Circulation of Alcoholic Drinks. This study has a problem formulation regarding efforts to overcome the illegal circulation of liquor in the city of Malang. The types of data used to examine this research are primary data and secondary data. Based on the analysis of the data, it was found that the Malang City Police took preventive and repressive efforts and found several inhibiting factors in tackling the illegal circulation of alcoholic beverages.

Pemanfaatan Teknologi Tepat Guna Tenaga Surya Dalam Mengelola Air Bersih Sebagai Upaya Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Samaenre Kabupaten Bone

This service activity aims to empower the community through appropriate technology in managing clean water to make it easier for the people of Samaenre Village to obtain clean water at a low cost. The method of carrying out this devotion used Participatory Rural Appraisal through discussion, mentoring, compiling product quality standards, designing production processes, and developing marketing strategies through marketing research results. The result of service showed that the community got relief in terms of payment of clean water tariff, where previously, each cubic was valued at 3000 rupiahs. With the presence of solar system panels, it could reduce costs to 2000 rupiahs per cubic. Meanwhile, from the management, in this case, Bumdes Samaenre could also save production costs because it no longer used generator power or PLN electricity with a reasonably high load rate and was not worried about frequent lights out.

Kaolin triggers defense-responsive genes in grapevines (cv. King Ruby seedless) to downy mildew and enhances its vegetative development, production, and berries quality standards

Plasmopara viticola, the causative of downy mildew, is one of the most destructive pathogens that attack grapevines worldwide. Despite to its high productivity and good berries quality, King Ruby seedless grapevines are highly susceptible to P. viticola and suffer its adverse effects. In this study, kaolin spraying at 1 and 3% was investigated under field conditions as a likely anti-oomycete substance. Results from the field experiment showed that kaolin spraying at 3% resulted in a considerable reduction in the infection severity (80.1%). Overexpression of the responsive factor JERF3 (4-fold), and the defense-responsive genes PR1 (4.2-fold), CHI II (3.9-fold), POD (2.7-fold), and GLU (2.8-fold) was recorded. Furthermore, a promotion in the phenolic compounds in plant roots (106.5%), as well as activities of peroxidase (182.5%) and polyphenol oxidase (136.4%) enzymes was also recorded in response to this treatment. A decrease in lipid peroxidation, H2O2 content, and the cellular electrolyte leakage, as well as an increment in ascorbic acid content in grapevine leaves were observed. Scanning electron microscopy showed that kaolin treatment at 3% induced stomatal closure and led to a reduction in the stomatal area in grapevines leaves. Transmission electron microscopy indicated abnormal variations in the ultrastructure of the infected mesophyll cells of grapevine leaf. This abnormality decreased due to kaolin application at 3%. Moreover, kaolin spraying resulted in a significant enhancement in most of the evaluated growth parameters. Yield per grapevine was also improved (18.5%), as well as all evaluated berries quality standards in response to kaolin application. It can be concluded that kaolin application at 3% is a promising protective solution to control downy mildew and improve the grapevines growth and production.

Doğaltaş Fabrikasında Fayans Üretim Hattındaki Kalite Kontrol Uygulaması

İşletmeler, rekabet ortamında ürettikleri ürünün devamlı talep edilmesini isterler. Üretilen ürünün devamlı talep görmesindeki en önemli unsurlardan biri de kaliteli ürün olmasıdır. İstenilen kalitede ürün olması için de üretim süreci boyunca kalite kontrol olmasıdır. Kalite kontrol’ün temel amacı, üretim kusurlarının belirlenip önlenmesi ve standart mal üretilmesidir. Endüstride kalite kontrol önemli olduğu gibi doğaltaş üretimlerinde de kalite kontrol önemli olmaktadır. Özellikle doğaltaş fabrikalarında üretilen fayansların ölçülebilir karakteristikleri olan kalınlıkları, eni, boyu, gönyesi ve yüzey özelliği müşterinin ilk etap da dikkat ettiği kısımdır. Ölçülemeyen fakat kalite açısından önemli olan fayans özellikleri ise, köşe kırığı, yüzey dolgu boşlukları ve kenar işleme özelliklerinden kaynaklanan kusurlardır. Mermer işleme tesisinde, her operasyonda üretilen yarı mamulden sonra ölçü kontrolünün, damar-çatlak-kırık ve renk homojenliği kontrolünün, bir sonraki işlemden önce yapılması gerekmektedir. Mermer sektöründe müşteriye sunulan nihai ürünlerin kalite standartlarının oluşturulması ve kalitedeki sürekliliğin sağlanması önemlidir. Mermer fabrikalarında levha ve fayanslara belirli aşamalarda kalite kontrol çalışmaları yapılmalıdır. Bu çalışmada Isparta’da bulunan bir mermer fabrikasının fayans üretim hattından örnek olarak alınan 30,5x30,5x1,25 cm boyutlarındaki bej mermer fayanslar, genel olarak taşın kalite karakteristiğini ortaya koyan, aynı üretim hattından çıkan mermerlerdir. Alınan örneklerin en, boy, kalınlık, gönye ve yüzey parlaklığı gibi ölçülebilir karakteristikleri ölçüldükten sonra, elde edilen verilere Shewhart kontrol grafikleri uygulanmıştır. X-S kontrol grafikleri sonucunda üretimde bazı sapmaların olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Müşteri memnuniyeti açısından önemli olan mermer sektöründe, kalite kontrolde yaşanan bu sapmalar göz önünde bulundurarak nedenleri araştırılmalı, müşteri memnuniyeti maksimum düzeye getirilmelidir.

INTEGRATION OF INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS IN THE PROCEDURE PREPARATION PROCESS

The paper analyzes ISO standards and gives recommendations for their application in all types ofproduction, in all organizations, regardless of the type of activity, size of the organization and theproducts (services) supplied. The relationship between the main product quality standards is revealed.The requirements which can be applied to development of system of quality of production are offered.

Hypoglycemic and antioxidative activity evaluation of phenolic compounds derived from walnut diaphragm produced in Xinjiang.

Walnut diaphragm is defined as a dry wood septum located between the walnut shell and kernel. In this work, seven phenolic compounds from walnut diaphragm were purified and characterized, and their antioxidant activities and mechanisms of hypoglycemia were investigated. Compounds 1-7 were tested for DPPH, ABTS scavenging ability, and FRAP assay to evaluate the antioxidant activity. α-Amylase inhibition assay was introduced to assess the hypoglycemic activity, and the mechanism was investigated by kinetic analysis, CD spectrum, and molecular docking. Compound 6 showed the strongest antioxidant ability, while compound 1 exhibited the strongest inhibition of α-amylase by changing the secondary structure of α-amylase in a mixed competitive inhibition mode. Molecular docking test predicted that the tetrahydropyran part in compound 1 may contribute to its hypoglycemic effect. This study furnishes a new theoretical reference for the utilization and development of walnut diaphragm into a health food with antioxidant and hypoglycemic properties. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The finding of this research may serve as a basis for the subsequent development of walnut diaphragm into instant tea-based health food or added to other food carriers to achieve auxiliary antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects. This study revealed that polyphenolic components were the material basis for the antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects of walnut diaphragm, which could be identified as landmark chemical components for controlling quality standards in the development of walnut diaphragm, thus accelerating the research process of quality standards for walnut diaphragm-related products. Furthermore, the studies on the mechanism of hypoglycemic activity supply more credible data to support the development of walnut diaphragm into a safe and consumer-friendly health food. With abundant resources and clear efficacy, walnut diaphragm has great development prospect and application value.

The impact of metal waste imports on industrial wastewater discharge in China

Once the world’s largest waste importer, China alleviated the shortage of raw materials in its related industries; however, such activity incited more prominent ecological and environmental problems. Based on several major sample databases from 2003 to 2006—including the China Industry Business Performance Data, Customs Trade Database, and scrap metal commodity data from Harmonized System code catalogues—this paper establishes a city-level panel data model and a mediation effect model to examine the impact of scrap metal imports on industrial wastewater discharge in China as well as the mechanism of this impact. Furthermore, this paper analyses the impact of scrap metal imports on Chinese enterprises’ pollution fees from the perspective of enterprises to ensure the robustness of results based on the China Industry Business Performance Data in 2004. Results show that scrap metal imports significantly increase industrial wastewater discharge in China and exacerbate environmental pollution. Specifically, results indicate that if scrap metal imports increase by 1%, wastewater discharge will significantly increase by approximately 0.015–0.198 percentage points. In terms of the impact mechanisms, by driving the development of metal smelting, scrap metal imports have increased both the metal smelting rate in total industrial output and cities’ reliance on metal smelting, which has significantly increased industrial wastewater discharge in China. Finally, the robustness test demonstrates that increasing metal waste imports will significantly increase the discharge of pollutants by Chinese industrial enterprises, thereby increasing their pollution fees. Specifically, the results of the Ordinary Least Square and IV 2SLS model indicate that if scrap metal imports increase by 1%, industrial enterprises’ pollution fees will significantly increase by 1.081–11.3 million yuan. On the premise of protecting the environment, the Chinese government can import recyclable scrap metal commodities such as high-grade waste copper and aluminium that can meet the product quality standards for enterprises. Additionally, the Chinese government should raise the standards of the metal smelting and recycling industries, reduce the discharge of industrial waste water, and strive to improve the ecological environment.

New Conceptional Study of a Portable Highly Sensitive Photometric Raman Sensor.

Quality control and reaction monitoring are necessary to ensure the consistency of any kind of mixing or reaction process. In this context, a novel portable high-sensitivity sensor prototype based on the Raman effect is presented in this study. The elongated probe head is designed for (but not limited to) monitoring high temperature batch processes for quality assurance. Thanks to the highly sensitive special detectors, concentration differences of up to 50 mmol/L can currently be detected, which facilitates compliance with high product quality standards. In addition, seamless reaction tracking is possible. Small individual adjustments through simple, intuitive mechanical components provide a high degree of flexibility in reaction selection by the end user. Specially developed software automates the evaluation process and gives the user visual signals about the current status and progress of the batch as well as an emergency stop if temperature limits could damage individual components. By using all the individual components developed, the problem of the limited integration times of previous spectrometric measuring instruments could be reduced. The prototype was validated using concentration measurements of various substances that occur as standard in batch processes. In addition, this article provides an outlook on the fact that Raman measurements can also be carried out successfully and reliably in explosive environments in the future with the prototype presented.

Review on various analytical methodologies for Azithromycin

The azithromycin broad-spectrum macrolide antibiotic, is generally used to treat genitourinary, respiratory, and enteric infections. The development of analytical techniques and the different currently employed techniques for estimating azithromycin, both in pharmaceutical dose form or in bulk, are the primary focus of the current study. Analytical techniques are crucial for determining compositions as they allow us to employ state-of-the-art analytical equipment to collect both qualitative and quantitative data. Chromatographic, electrochemical, spectroscopic, and other methods can be used to analyse azithromycin. These methods aid in understanding key process factors and restricting the negative impact they have on accuracy and precision. Analytical technique development is required for maintaining high commercial product quality standards and to comply with rules and regulations. In response to the reference, regulatory bodies in various nations have developed policies and procedures for giving approval, authentication, and registration.

A Short Review on Vendor Evaluation, Approach, Criteria and Questionnaire

Vendor evaluation, a part of the cGMP which is used to ensure the procured products from the vendors,are meeting their quality standards. To avoid the procurement of substandard products from vendors, it is necessary to qualify the vendor / supplier which can avoid the adverse effect on the quality standards, regulatory requirements, and safety of the patients. The main objective of this review paper is to provide an overall outline of the vendor evaluation and to avoid quality failure and promote patient safety. This review paper covers the methods and criteria for evaluating of vendors in the pharmaceutical industry. This paper focuses on vendor evaluation by questionnaire to meet current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP). This text reviews the practical challenges faced and strategic plans of the pharmaceutical industry to achieve compliance management and the quality standards of products. An overview of the methods and approaches followed by the pharmaceutical industry to meet the regulatory requirements which were proposed by the leading regulatory bodies like the US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) is briefly described. Most of the studies focus on criteria and methods, but rarely on approaches and questionnaires. Study includes the approaches, methods, criteria and questionnaire to achieve the quality and regulatory compliance and also emphasizes the vendor to stay confident on quality and the compliance of their products produced. The key points on the vendor questionnaire were effectively discussed, which remains the most common and effective method of vendor evaluation. This review paper also helps the professionals to arrive at an overall outline about the vendor evaluation aspects and questionnaire. The outcome of the study shows the importance of vendor evaluation, which helps in supply chain management. , , , .

ANALISA PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS PRODUK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN STATISCAL PROCESSING CONTROL (SPC) DI PT KLX.

A company cannot be separated from consumers and the products it produces. Consumers certainly hope that the goods they buy will be able to meet their needs and desires so that consumers hope that the product has good and guaranteed conditions. Therefore, companies must see and maintain that the quality of the products produced is guaranteed and accepted by consumers and can compete in the market. This study is intended to analyze whether the resulting product is not in accordance with the specified product quality standards and analyze what factors cause product defects. The study was conducted at PT. KLX for 30 days as many as 6000 pipes taken chatter, step, burs defect data using statistical processing control (SPC). The results of this study conclude that based on the P-Chart analysis that has been carried out at PT KLX, there are 3 types of defects that occur in threaded pipe products, namely chatter defects, step defects, and burs defects. So the products produced by PT KLX do not meet the quality standards that have been determined by the company, the factors that cause product defects are in accordance with the fishbone causal diagram, namely workers (people), raw materials (materials), machines (machine), Method (method).

Modern agrarian crises and components of Ukrainian food industry sustainability

The main systemic flaws and problems that led to the destruction of the planning and administrative model of the economy and the transition to a market, and in the agricultural sector were accompanied by a transformational recession in the 1990s and the emergence of recurrent agrarian crises in the future. It is established that the consequences of the decline in agriculture correlate with the scale of production by the capacity of the food industry, but with a shifted time frame. It was confrmed that, frst of all, the agrarian crisis covers agricultural production, and it further affects other branches and sectors of the agri-food complex. The peculiarities of the manifestation of agrarian crises of 2008-2009, 2014-2015 and 2020-2021 are revealed and the inter-crisis periods concerning the causes and consequences of noticeable fluctuations with the production of food enterprises are analyzed. It is established that the achievement of the pre-crisis (1990) level of food, beverages and tobacco products occurred six years after the "bottom" of the transformational recession, and agricultural products - twenty years later. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused a worldwide crisis and an agrarian crisis in Ukraine which resulted in signifcant weakening of resilience due to reduction in food production. In this regard, it was important to identify and assess the degree of key problems development the agricultural sector, on the progress of which in the face of increasing market turbulence and will depend on the sustainability of the food industry. The key components for preserving and strengthening the sustainability of the food industry for the current stage have been systematized, in particular, satisfying processing capacities in safe and high-quality food raw materials and carrying out innovative and technological modernization of food processing enterprises, completing national food security legislation of Ukraine on sanitary and phytosanitary measures for the protection of animals and plants to EU legislation. It is established that the implementation of HACCP in food industry is rather topical in the need for a comprehensive solution to a number of problems in the feed-food chain "from feld to table". It is grounded that the practical observance of hygiene, safety and quality requirements will ensure the safety of products of animal origin. It is revealed that market operators comply with the requirements of national regulations, which are harmonized with EU Directives, technical regulations, standards, guidelines of good practice, and implementation of basic principles, methodological approaches and regulations of the Community in the feld of domestic sanitation. phytosanitary measures, form a single regulatory feld of veterinary and phytosanitary requirements for feed market operators. As a result, a transition to a qualitatively higher level of requirements in the chain "from the feld to the table" will take place and ensure their continuity and increasing the level of compliance with safety and quality standards of livestock products. It is emphasized that the advancement of Ukraine's agricultural sector on the path of integration into the EU internal market is accompanied by the emergence of new differences and inconsistencies between domestic and European requirements, changes in the regulatory framework and their implementation in practice. This is an important prerequisite for providing processing facilities with safe and high-quality raw materials and the production of competitive products, which will contribute to increase the sustainability of the food industry. Key words: agrarian crisis, market turbulence, development trends, stability of the food industry, regulatory framework for the production of livestock products.

Promoting Consumer Adoption of Electric Vehicles from a Standard-Information-Behavior Perspective

Consumer adoption of electric vehicles is essentially related to product quality factors, such as safety, performance and compatibility; however, the relationship between product quality standards and consumer behavior is not clear. Based on Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) and Prospect Theory, we distinguish claimed quality attributes, intrinsic quality attributes, measured quality attributes and perceived quality attributes and establish a conceptional model using System Dynamics (SD) simulation from the perspective of a Standard-Information-Behavior framework to explore the heterogeneous impacts of technical standards on consumers’ willingness to adopt electric vehicles. Based on the theory model and simulation, we try to explain the heterogeneous effects of three different standards: safety, performance and compatibility. We find that safety standards affect adoption through a market access mechanism, perceived performance of risk standards positively impacts customers’ perceived quality, and compatibility standards influence consumers’ perceived network value. The perceived risk, perceived quality and perceived network value influence consumer adoption willingness and behavior. The study contributes to the theory of innovation diffusion and consumer adoption behavior, and offers insights for standardizing activity, innovation diffusion and marketing product information for electric vehicles.

Pemulihan Ekonomi melalui Pengembangan UMKM di Masa New Normal Covid-19: Pendekatan ANP-BCOR

MSMEs are crucial to Indonesia's economic recovery following the COVID-19 outbreak. The goal of this research is to develop a strategy for MSMEs in Medan to survive and thrive under the new normal conditions of Covid-19. The government must take steps and make attempts to address the issues at hand. Numerous alternative options will be evaluated, including human resource quality enhancement, stakeholder engagement, and collaboration enhancement, digital marketing optimization, product differentiation, and product quality standardization. The Analytic Network Process and Benefits Opportunities Cost Risk (BOCR) techniques are used in this investigation. The objective is to obtain a priority ranking of options to use as a guide when making decisions. BOCR analysis employs three criteria when determining alternative priorities: Standard (B/C), Pessimistic B/ (C x R), and Realistic (BxO)/(C x R). The results of this study indicate that if the decision maker focuses on Realistic, the first priority is Digital Marketing Optimization with a coefficient of 0.19, the second priority is Human Resources Quality Improvement with a coefficient of 0.10, the third priority is Product Quality Standardization with a coefficient of 0.07, the fourth priority is Increased Commitment and Collaboration Stakeholders with a coefficient of 0.02 and the last priority is Product Differentiation with a coefficient of 0.01. With the shift from traditional to digital marketing, the MSME market's reach is no longer restricted to the immediate vicinity, but also extends to locations outside the island and abroad. Increased sales will boost the revenue of MSME actors, contributing to the country's economic recovery. Additionally, developing MSMEs requires the dedication, cooperation, and participation of the government, academia, researchers, financial institutions, and information technology businesses.

A content analysis of Asian countries’ tourism video advertisements: a luxury travel perspective

PurposeThis study aims to examine the elements of luxury travel found in YouTube video advertisements uploaded by various National Tourism Offices from 19 selected Asian countries at the onset of Covid-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe researchers used content analysis to systematically analyze the themes among the Asian tourism video advertisements through the lens of the hierarchy of luxury travel needs.FindingsThailand and the Philippines showcase the most elements of luxury travel needs (LTNs), featuring five out of the seven components. In fact, Thailand has the highest aggregate featured LTN elements among all countries, with 164 coded references across five components. Exclusivity is the most featured element of the LTN by all Asian countries, except for South Korea and Bhutan whose focus is on authentic experience. Interestingly, product quality standards were not seen in any videos.Practical implicationsTourism industry decision-makers can use this study in evaluating their promotional plans, developing promotional strategies, crafting future video advertisements and exploring future research in the field of social media, videos and luxury.Originality/valueThe study provides insights and understanding of the current priorities of tourism advertisements. This study’s use of the hierarchy of LTNs provides a novel contribution within the studies in luxury travel, post-pandemic travel and tourism advertisement.

ANALISIS MANAJEMEN RANTAI PASOKAN PLASTIK STUDI PADA UMKM EDI PLASTIK KABUPATEN BANDUNG

There is uncertainty in the quality of raw materials delivered by suppliers to MSMEs Edi Plastik Bandung Regency, uncertainty in the quality of products delivered to consumers, information processing barriers regarding the decline in product prices in the market. The research was conducted at MSMEs Edi Plastik Bandung Regency which processed plastic waste into semi-finished goods. The research method used, namely descriptive methods with data collection techniques, namely through interviews and observations. The result of this study is that there are four actors involved in the supply chain. The flow of goods flows from upstream to downstream in the form of distribution of plastic waste raw materials from collectors and suppliers and distribution of products to consumers in the form of semi-finished products, while from downstream to upstream about returns and repairs. The flow of money uses two transactions, namely in cash, and transfers. The flow of information from downstream to upstream regarding capacity, delivery status, while from upstream to downstream regarding stock and ordering. Supervision of raw materials will overcome the uncertainty of raw material quality, the determination of product quality standards that can overcome the uncertainty of the products produced. The performance of MSMEs Edi Plastik Bandung Regency in the attributes of responsiveness, agility, and cost has achieved good performance. As for the reability and asset management attributes for asset turnover metrics are in the parity category.

Local Content Utilization and Product Quality Standards Promotion for Industrial and Machine Tools Processes Application

The research titled, local contents utilization and product quality standards promotion for industrial and machine tools processes application used oils of plant origin; Mahogany Seed Oil (MSO) and Cashew Nut Oil (CNO) to produce cutting fluids. These oils were used as base oils to formulate cutting fluids and were used in straight turning of low carbon steel through factorial design of experiment. Their performances in terms of resulting surface roughness (Ra) of machined samples) and heat dissipation tendency was evaluated. Also, the determination of some characteristics of the formulated cutting fluids was carried out. The two vegetable oils extracted were mixed with water in an appropriate ratio separately. The oil – water mixtures were finally blended with the necessary additives to obtain the various cutting fluids. Before machining, the flash points, viscosities and acidities of the cutting fluids were determined. During machining, the tool – work interface temperatures were recorded using digital thermocouple and the Ra of the machined samples was evaluated afterward using scanning electron microscope (SEM) The performances and some characteristics of the formulated cutting fluids were compared with that of a control sample (CS). The heat removal ability was best achieved by MSOCF being locally available vegetable oil-based cutting fluid attaining a temperature of 32oC at the highest cutting speed of 80mpm. Similarly, CNOCF produced the best surface roughness which range between 1.0675µm and 1.5715µm for all levels of cutting speeds. Besides the same MSOCF proved to be the safest from fire hazard with the highest flash point of 237oC. CNOCF has the highest viscosity at 40oC and 80oC being 134cp and 96cp. MSOCF was found to be the best among the cutting fluids in conducting heat away from tool-work piece interface and was followed by CNOCF. From the foregoing, it can be concluded that locally available vegetable oils can be used in the production of cutting fluids for machining operations. Hence, the vegetable oils cutting fluids can then conveniently substitute the conventional (mineral oil based) cutting fluids for all machining processes and operations under various operating conditions as coolants and lubricants. They could also be synergized to compete favorably with mineral based cutting fluids.