Level Of Service Quality Research Articles

Influence of Service Quality on Customer Loyalty in Luxury Hotel Chains in Tanzania

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of service quality on customer loyalty in luxury hotel chains in Tanzania. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study indicated a strong correlation between the two factors. High service quality consistently leads to increased customer loyalty within this segment of the hospitality industry. Studies have revealed that luxury hotel guests place significant emphasis on personalized service, attention to detail, and exceptional experiences. When these expectations are consistently met or exceeded, guests are more likely to exhibit loyalty behaviors, such as repeat visits, positive word-of-mouth recommendations, and a willingness to pay premium prices. Additionally, service quality has been found to play a crucial role in shaping guests' perceptions of value and satisfaction, which further contributes to their loyalty. Consequently, luxury hotel chains that prioritize and maintain high levels of service quality are better positioned to foster long-term relationships with their clientele and achieve sustainable competitive advantage in the market. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Expectancy-disconfirmation theory, service profit chain theory and relationship marketing theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing influence of service quality on customer loyalty in luxury hotel chains in Tanzania. Practitioners in luxury hotel chains can leverage the empirical findings to inform strategic decision-making and enhance service delivery. Policymakers and industry stakeholders can utilize the empirical evidence to advocate for policies that support service quality enhancement initiatives within luxury hotel chains.

A Performance Analysis of Security Protocols for Distributed Measurement Systems Based on Internet of Things with Constrained Hardware and Open Source Infrastructures.

The widespread adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in home, industrial, and business environments has made available the deployment of innovative distributed measurement systems (DMS). This paper takes into account constrained hardware and a security-oriented virtual local area network (VLAN) approach that utilizes local message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) brokers, transport layer security (TLS) tunnels for local sensor data, and secure socket layer (SSL) tunnels to transmit TLS-encrypted data to a cloud-based central broker. On the other hand, the recent literature has shown a correlated exponential increase in cyber attacks, mainly devoted to destroying critical infrastructure and creating hazards or retrieving sensitive data about individuals, industrial or business companies, and many other entities. Much progress has been made to develop security protocols and guarantee quality of service (QoS), but they are prone to reducing the network throughput. From a measurement science perspective, lower throughput can lead to a reduced frequency with which the phenomena can be observed, generating, again, misevaluation. This paper does not give a new approach to protect measurement data but tests the network performance of the typically used ones that can run on constrained hardware. This is a more general scenario typical for IoT-based DMS. The proposal takes into account a security-oriented VLAN approach for hardware-constrained solutions. Since it is a worst-case scenario, this permits the generalization of the achieved results. In particular, in the paper, all OpenSSL cipher suites are considered for compatibility with the Mosquitto server. The most used key metrics are evaluated for each cipher suite and QoS level, such as the total ratio, total runtime, average runtime, message time, average bandwidth, and total bandwidth. Numerical and experimental results confirm the proposal's effectiveness in foreseeing the minimum network throughput concerning the selected QoS and security. Operating systems yield diverse performance metric values based on various configurations. The primary objective is identifying algorithms to ensure suitable data transmission and encryption ratios. Another aim is to explore algorithms that ensure wider compatibility with existing infrastructures supporting MQTT technology, facilitating secure connections for geographically dispersed DMS IoT networks, particularly in challenging environments like suburban or rural areas. Additionally, leveraging open firmware on constrained devices compatible with various MQTT protocols enables the customization of the software components, a crucial necessity for DMS.

Energy Management for Fault-tolerant (m,k)-constrained Real-time Systems That Use Standby-Sparing

Fault tolerance, energy management, and quality of service (QoS) are essential aspects for the design of real-time embedded systems. In this work, we focus on exploring methods that can simultaneously address the above three critical issues under standby-sparing. The standby-sparing mechanism adopts a dual-processor architecture in which each processor plays the role of the backup for the other one dynamically. In this way, it can provide fault tolerance subject to both permanent and transient faults. Due to its duplicate executions of the real-time jobs/tasks, the energy consumption of a standby-sparing system could be quite high. With the purpose of reducing energy under standby-sparing, we proposed three novel scheduling schemes: The first one is for (1, 1)-constrained tasks, and the second one and the third one (which can be combined into an integrated approach to maximize the overall energy reduction) are for general ( m,k )-constrained tasks that require that among any k consecutive jobs of a task no more than ( k - m ) out of them could miss their deadlines. Through extensive evaluations and performance analysis, our results demonstrate that compared with the existing research, the proposed techniques can reduce energy by up to 11% for (1, 1)-constrained tasks and 25% for general ( m,k )-constrained tasks while assuring ( m,k )-constraints and fault tolerance as well as providing better user perceived QoS levels under standby-sparing.

PENGUKURAN DAN PERENCANAAN PERBAIKAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN JASA RENTAL DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEPUASAN KONSUMEN

The availability of a comprehensive and varied range of rental equipment constitutes a strength for the company, however, aspects of customer satisfaction may be influenced by certain factors that have not been implemented optimally. Additionally, rental service companies in Garut have yet to conduct a study on the measurement of the level of service quality provided. The purpose of this research is to measure the level of service quality, map the current service positions provided by the service provider, and determine priority quality attributes to formulate improvement plans to enhance customer satisfaction. The approach used is quantitative descriptive, utilizing service quality dimensions proposed by Grönroos as a reference for organizing quality attributes. The research method consists of three stages: first, the Servqual method is used to determine the gap between expected and perceived services; the ZoT method is employed to map quality attributes, providing an overview of the measured quality attribute positions within tolerance limits; and the AHP method is utilized to prioritize attributes for recommended improvements. The research findings indicate overall satisfaction with the measured service quality. However, four quality attributes have negative gaps and fall outside tolerance limits, indicating suboptimal service. Meanwhile, the largest-weighted quality attributes are prioritized in formulating improvement plans, with the “penyedia jasa cekatan (Tangkas) dalam memberikan solusi ketika terjadi yang tidak diharapkan” (C4.3) being the top priority. The analysis of prioritized quality attributes results in the development of a guide or procedure to facilitate the company in addressing customer complaints.

Effect of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction: The Case of Ethiopian Electric Utility in South Western Region.

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of service quality on customer satisfaction in selected customer service centers within the southwestern region's electric utility sector. A combination of descriptive and explanatory research designs utilizing both qualitative and quantitative methodologies was employed. The study's population consisted of 37,258 customers across four customer service centers, with a sample size of 396 respondents, of which 389 completed and returned the questionnaires. A multistage sampling technique was utilized for sample selection, and data collection was performed through interviews and questionnaires. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS 25, employing descriptive and inferential statistical analyses, including frequency, percentage, mean calculations, Pearson correlations, and multiple linear regressions to ascertain the causal relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction. The study's findings revealed that responsiveness was the service quality dimension exerting the most significant influence on customer satisfaction. Additionally, all service quality coefficients associated with customer satisfaction demonstrated positive and statistically significant correlations. Therefore, enhancing responsiveness and continuous improvement initiatives are critical factors to enhance overall customer satisfaction levels. Furthermore, the study determined that all five service quality dimensions (Tangibility, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy) positively and significantly influenced customer satisfaction. Consequently, it is recommended that managers and employees within the Ethiopian Electric Utility should actively collaborate to enhance service quality levels, consequently elevating customer satisfaction levels.

Design of an Iterative Method for Dynamic Resource Management in 5G Networks with IoT Integration Operations

In the realm of fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks, the escalating demands for high-speed, reliable, and efficient communication are paramount, especially with the widespread deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) devices & scenarios. Despite the advancements in 5G technologies, existing network management strategies often fall short in addressing the dynamic nature of network conditions, the heterogeneity of IoT device requirements, and the need for stringent privacy measures. These limitations underscore the necessity for innovative approaches that can adapt in real-time to varying demands while ensuring optimal network performance and user privacy. This paper introduces a suite of machine learning models designed to enhance the efficiency and reliability of 5G networks, catering specifically to the diverse needs of IoT applications. At the forefront, DynamicSlicerNet, a deep reinforcement learning-based model, dynamically slices 5G network resources tailored to IoT devices' requirements, addressing device mobility, application demands, and network congestion. This model demonstrates a substantial reduction in latency by up to 30% and improvement in reliability by up to 20%, outperforming static resource allocation methods. Further enhancing edge computing capabilities, FedEdgeAI leverages federated learning to train models directly on edge devices, a move that not only slashes latency by minimizing data transmission to centralized servers but also fortifies data privacy. Experimental evaluations highlight FedEdgeAI's efficacy in maintaining model accuracy while halving communication overhead. PredictiveNetCare, employing time-series analysis and anomaly detection, anticipates network failures, facilitating preemptive maintenance strategies. This predictive approach has shown a marked precision over 90% in identifying potential disruptions, significantly reducing maintenance-related downtime by 30% and bolstering network reliability by 15%. OptiAllocRL and AdaptiveQoSDL, both harnessing reinforcement and deep learning techniques, respectively, optimize resource allocation and manage Quality of Service (QoS) parameters adaptively. OptiAllocRL's strategy results in a 40% latency reduction and a 25% throughput increase, while AdaptiveQoSDL minimizes packet loss by up to 50% and enhances end-to-end delay by up to 35%, ensuring high QoS levels under fluctuating network conditions. This comprehensive approach sets a new benchmark for future 5G network management, paving the way for a more connected, efficient, and secure digital world.

ANALISIS KEPUASAN PETANI PADI PENGGUNA LAYANAN JASA ALAT MESIN PERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI

The study aims to measure the quality of service performance and measure the level of farmer satisfaction with UPJA Tani Makmur services. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling as many as 34 farmers have used UPJA services more than twice. The variables used in the study are five dimensions of service where each dimension has four variable attributes that will be assessed using a Likert scale based on the level of importance and performance level. The analytical tool used to determine the level of service quality of UPJA Tani Makmur is Important Performance Analysis (IPA) with the help of a Cartesian diagram. To determine the level of farmer satisfaction using the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). The results showed that the attribute of giving bonuses or gifts (A18) had the lowest level of conformity and there were three attributes that entered quadrant I (Main priority). The value of the level of farmer satisfaction with UPJA Tani Makmur services in general gets a value of 79.90 where the value is in the "Very Satisfied" criteria.

A Study on Perceived Service Quality of Customers in Commercial Bank

In the present scenario, "Customer is the king" and the participation and satisfaction of customers plays a vital role in the banking sector. Customer's expectation, customer satisfaction and service quality are interrelated. In order to meet the customer's expectation and to satisfy the customers, banks will have to improve their service provided to the customers. In the light of the present study bails at evaluating the level of service quality is in commercial Banks in Thrissur district. The study also attempts to ascertain the dimensions of service quality in Banks. Service quality measure is based on modified version of SERVQUAL as proposed by Parasuraman et al. (1988), which involve five dimensions of Service quality, namely Reliability, Responsiveness, Empathy, Assurance, and Tangibles.With respect to customer services there are notable perceived differences. Hence this study on customer service quality of commercial banks looks for bringing out the differences between perceptions of customers of these banks. This study is descriptive and analytical in nature. The collected data is analyzed by obtaining the mean scores of the various servqual dimensions both for expectations and perceptions. Such mean scores are compared with each other to find the gaps between expectations and perceptions. The service quality gaps of customers of various types of banks are compared.Further these gaps are cross tabulated with the profile of consumers. The research proves that empathy and responsiveness plays the most important role followed by tangibility, assurance, and finally the bank reliability. The present study reveals that Reliability and Tangibility as dimensions of service quality provides its main influence to the customers. The customers also feel that bank to be reliable and dependable. But both the parameters Reliability and Empathy show a lower level of satisfaction to customers..

Explaining drivers of farmers’ willingness for early adoption of enhanced irrigation technologies: case of Tunisia

The objective of this paper is to identify the influencing factors of farmers’ willingness for early adoption of enhanced irrigation technologies in Tunisia. We estimate a multinomial logit model with data from 931 farmers in Central (Chebika) and Northern (Fernana) of Tunisia. Regression results reveal that early adoption is positively influenced by levels of extension service quality, trust in farmers’ associations and extension agents, farmer’s perception towards the innovation, credit access, and off-farm income. However, it is negatively affected by market access issues, risk aversion, and age. Risk, trust, and perception towards technology are important factors in driving early adoption decision. The findings imply that farmers training on water conservation technologies, financial support for innovation adoption, awareness of young farmers about the opportunities of agricultural innovation, incentives to farmers’ associations in order to improve their market access, and inclusive participatory approaches during technology generation and transfer are all accelerators of early adoption speed of innovations by farmers.

Reliability analysis in distribution system by deep belief neural network

Rapid increase in the usage of intermittent renewable energy, ongoing changes in electrical power system structure and operational needs posing growing problems while ensuring adequate service reliability and retaining the quality of power. Power system reliability is a pertinent factor to consider while planning, designing, and operating distribution systems. utilities are obligated to offer their customers uninterrupted electrical service at the least cost while maintaining a satisfactory level of service quality. The important metrics for gauging the effect of distributed renewable energy on distribution networks is reliability analysis. Reliability analysis in distribution systems involves evaluating the performance and robustness of electrical distribution networks. An artificial intelligence approach is implemented in this paper to improve reliability analysis with dispersed generations in distribution network. Deep belief neural networks (DBNNs) are a type of artificial neural network that can be used for various tasks, including analyzing complex data such as those found in power distribution systems. This paper integrated a DBNN using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. The proposed model performance is assessed using mean square error, mean absolute error, root mean square error, and R squared error. The findings reveal that reliability analysis with this novel technique is more accurate.

ANALYSIS ON OPERATION AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGY OF SMART UNIVERSITY GYMNASIUM IN CHINA

Introduction. With the continuous development of science and technology and the progress of society, the operation and management of smart sports venues has become an important topic in the new era. Smart sports stadium operation and management uses advanced technical means and management concepts, improve the operational efficiency and user experience of the stadium, to achieve sustainable development. Purpose. This paper will discuss the background and importance of the operation and management of smart sports venues, introduce the concept and characteristics of smart sports venues, put forward corresponding operation and management strategies, and analyze the challenges faced and solutions. Through in-depth research on the operation and management of smart sports venues, it can provide useful reference and guidance for the development of China's sports industry. Methods. Nowadays, the technical difficulties of mass sports are becoming more and more difficult, and the requirements for the quality level of sports services are becoming higher and higher, but the traditional sports infrastructure is difficult to provide the public with scientific and accurate technical guidance and high-quality sports services. Results. This leads to a certain contradiction between supply and demand in China's sports industry market, which restricts the development of mass sports. Such as table tennis, badminton, basketball, football and running are widely loved by the masses of sports, in fact, have higher technical requirements, if the technology is not in place, the action is not standard, not standard, it will not only affect the masses of sports exercise effect, but also may cause sports safety accidents. Conclusion. Through the construction of smart sports venues and the information upgrade of traditional sports infrastructure, it can accurately collect the relevant data information of public fitness, such as sports items, sports consumption, exercise time, and even the health indicators of people in the process of exercise. These data information can be shared by non-governmental sports organizations, sports enterprises, local sports departments and medical and health units through networking.

Simulation of Transfer Probability in the City Route Network: Case Study of Lviv, Ukraine

The correct organization of transfers in the public transport system allows to reduce the congestion of the route network while maintaining a sufficient level of service quality for users of transport services. When modelling the probability of transfer, it is advisable to separate the probability of a public transport user choosing a trip with a transfer and the probability of making a transfer at a certain stop of the public transport system. The first probability largely depends on the socio-economic characteristics of the passenger and the time parameters of the trip. The probability of transfer at a certain stop is affected by the information provision of the stop and the number of routes. The general configuration of the route network determines the "basic need for a transfer in the network" - the ratio of the number of pairs of transport zones between which there is no direct public transport route to the total number of pairs of transport zones. The simulation carried out in the PTV Visum software environment for Lviv city made it possible to assess the impact of the tariff system on the change in the number of transfers and to determine critical stops and routes of the network. The inclusion of data on the structure of the city's population in the model makes it possible to use mathematical functions of the probability of transfer on the socio-economic characteristics of the passenger (age, gender, income level) when calculating the forecast number of transfers on the network.

Decentralized Scheduling with QoS Constraints: Achieving O(1) QoS Regret of Multi-Player Bandits

We consider a decentralized multi-player multi-armed bandit (MP-MAB) problem where players cannot observe the actions and rewards of other players and no explicit communication or coordination between players is possible. Prior studies mostly focus on maximizing the sum of rewards of the players over time. However, the total reward maximization learning may lead to imbalanced reward among players, leading to poor Quality of Service (QoS) for some players. In contrast, our objective is to let each player n achieve a predetermined expected average reward over time, i.e., achieving a predetermined level of QoS. We develop a novel decentralized MP-MAB algorithm to accomplish this objective by leveraging the methodology of randomized matching. We prove that our decentralized algorithm can ensure that all players have an O(1) QoS regret. We also reveal an analog between our MP-MAB model and the online wireless queuing systems, which builds a connection between QoS in MP-MAB learning and stability in queuing theory.

The role of quality in airport services in passenger satisfaction at Aden Adde International Airport, Mogadishu, Somalia

Service quality is crucial for all service providers operating in the open market across all industries, particularly in the aviation sector, which produces billions of dollars in annual revenue from its services. The level of service quality significantly influences client satisfaction, and conversely, customer happiness reciprocally affects the service provider. In order to attain diverse company objectives, it is imperative to prioritize customer happiness specifically during the process of privatization. The primary objective of this research is to examine the influence of airport service quality on customer satisfaction within the context of a privatized airport. Descriptive and correlation analyses were utilized in the study. A total of 400 questionnaires were administered to passengers who embarked from Aden Adde International Airport as part of the study. Subsequently, the data was subjected to analysis utilizing a statistical software program designed for social science software (SPSS). The results of this analysis revealed a robust and positive correlation between Airport customer services and customer happiness. The study additionally revealed that a significant proportion of the airport's passengers expressed dissatisfaction with the services provided by Aden Adde International airport.

Effect of Operation Assessment on Performance of State-Owned Sugar Firms in Kenya

The primary goal of supply chain design is to improve service quality and interaction levels between service providers and customers. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of operation assessment on the performance of state-owned sugar firms. The research employed a descriptive causal research design to provide a cause-and-effect relationship between the variables. The target population comprised all four operating state-owned sugar companies, namely Chemilil, Muhoroni, Sony, and Nzoia. The composition of the target population consisted of four factory managers, four finance managers, five hundred and twenty-four agricultural extension officers, four human resource managers, one hundred and eighty agricultural services personnel, and four strategy and planning managers, bringing the total target population to 720. The simple stratified purposive sampling technique was applied to obtain a sample of 325 respondents. The researcher used questionnaires for data collection. The analysis of the data was executed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) helped in the analysis. The data was organized and presented in tables. The hypothesis was tested at a 95% confidence level. The results indicated that operation assessment had a positive effect on the performance of selected sugar manufacturing firms in Kenya (t = 6.666, p<0.05). Simple regression helped determine the strength and direction of the relationship between the study variables. The study is of importance to potential investors and managers to help in policy formulation. It will also be of importance to academia, which will beef up the study, particularly in the manufacturing sector, and encourage further investigation in the area of performance based on supply chain design. The study recommended the need for managers to use proper data management approaches and tools, ensure timely access to relevant data, and ensure quality control and assurance of field tasks at all times in order to boost operational efficiency, which leads to the realization of profits in the manufacturing enterprise, especially the sugar manufacturing sector.

An Analysis of The Constructs Influencing Public and Private Hospitals' Level of Service Quality: A Study in Context of Nepal

This research study examines the significance of the data collected as well as the service quality provided by hospitals in Nepal through a systematic review and analysis of the literature. Given the swift growth of the healthcare sector in Nepal, evaluating the caliber of hospital services is essential. The project's objectives are to compile all of the available data, pinpoint knowledge gaps, and offer wise counsel to academics, policymakers, and medical professionals. Using pre-established keywords linked to Nepali hospital service quality, a comprehensive search was carried out across several electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies released between January 2000 and April 2023 were taken into consideration. The systematic review comprised thirteen studies in all, including both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The systematic study's findings brought to light several essential elements of high-quality services, including tangibles, assurance, responsiveness, empathy, infrastructure, and assurance. An exploratory factor analysis technique was used to identify the contributing factors that are primarily responsible for the disparities in services offered between public and private sector hospitals in Nepal, based on the 600 valid responses to the survey that was conducted among the general public regarding private and public hospitals.
 Methods: To obtain an overall picture, a reliable data set was chosen from the sample data gathered from patient parties and administrative staffs throughout public and private sector hospitals using systematic statistical procedures.
 Results: The study's findings contribute to our understanding of the standard of hospital treatment in Nepal and could eventually raise public and professional awareness of the disparity in quality between hospital care in Nepal.
 Discussions: The impact of hospital services on the people who use them is determined in this study, and it is a major aspect in assessing the standard of healthcare provided by the various sectors.

Analysis of Investor’s Contentment towards Service Attribute of Dematerialized (DEMAT) Account of Nepal

The intent of the study is to examine how content investors are with the attributes of service offered by Nepal’s dematerialized accounts. The term “Dematerialized Account” (abbreviated as “DEMAT account”) refers to a paperless or digital method of purchasing and selling stocks and other financial assets. Analysis of investor satisfaction with Nepal’s Dematerialized (DEMAT) Account Service Quality was the study’s primary goal. The study’s descriptive research design was utilized to gauge participant satisfaction with the level of service quality. The study discovered that the tangible component significantly affects investor satisfaction. Accordingly, the depository units should concentrate on the tangible aspect of service quality to ensure that investors are as satisfied as possible.

An Integrated Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling Application for the Attributes Influencing the Customer’s Satisfaction and Trust in E-Commerce Applications

Since the COVID-19 pandemic has forced most industries to embrace an online platform utilizing technological breakthroughs, it has significantly impacted our daily lives. Businesses that use marketplaces to sell and trade products to customers while increasing their participation through online shopping or e-commerce are among the sectors that take advantage of these situations. The current study set out to evaluate the level of customer satisfaction, trust, and service quality of the e-commerce application to enhance the system and provide a better shopping experience. Facebook, Shopee, Lazada, Shein, and TikTok were the five e-commerce platforms evaluated. The Philippines was the location of this study, and at least 200 people answered the survey, which was conducted in-person and online and consisted of 72 questionnaires. The researchers assessed twelve latent variables: perceived security, customer satisfaction, application interface, brand equity, tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and information credibility. Structural equation modeling and multi-criteria decision analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings demonstrated that assurance, application interface, information credibility, and brand equity directly impacted service quality. Moreover, a direct and significant correlation exists between customer satisfaction and service quality. Customers’ trust is significantly impacted by their level of satisfaction and perception of security. The e-commerce apps were ranked using a multi-criteria decision analysis technique, which is the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) based on tangibility, responsiveness, assurance, reliability, and empathy. Facebook received a low rating, whereas Shopee was ranked highest. To further enhance the services offered, the lowest rated application may use the results from the combination of the TOPSIS and SEM results. Additionally, application providers, managers, and researchers examining the user–software interaction of relevant e-commerce applications might utilize the study’s results to enhance their services regarding the purchasing experience and provide a sustainable service. Finally, this study is among the first to use the structural modeling approach to evaluate customer trust and satisfaction while integrating service quality and TOPSIS.

Comparative Analysis Of Service Quality On Patient Satisfaction Levels In Government And Private Hospitals In Medan City In 2022

This study compares service quality to patient satisfaction in government and private hospitals in Medan City in 2022. This study used a survey method using a questionnaire as a data collection instrument. The research respondents were patients who used government and private hospital services. The data collected includes service quality dimensions, such as tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. In addition, the data also consists of the level of patient satisfaction with the services provided by the hospital. Comparative analysis of service quality and patient satisfaction levels was carried out using appropriate statistical techniques, such as testing the difference between two groups of hospitals (government vs. private) using appropriate statistical tests. The results of this analysis will provide an understanding of the differences in service quality between government and private hospitals, as well as the related level of patient satisfaction. This research is expected to contribute to the development and improvement of health services in hospitals, especially in the city of Medan. The results of this study can also be input for hospital management to improve service quality and patient satisfaction. Thus, hospitals can provide better services and meet patient expectations to enhance the reputation and competitiveness of both government and private hospitals in Medan City. Especially in the city of Medan. The results of this study can also be input for hospital management to improve service quality and patient satisfaction. Thus, hospitals can provide better services and meet patient expectations to enhance the reputation and competitiveness of both government and private hospitals in Medan City. Especially in the city of Medan. The results of this study can also be input for hospital management to improve service quality and patient satisfaction. Thus, hospitals can provide better services and meet patient expectations to enhance the reputation and competitiveness of both government and private hospitals in Medan City.

Delay-Aware resource allocation to increase efficiency over LTE network for M2M communications in a noisy channel

Currently, the predominant source of Internet traffic stems from interpersonal user interactions, commonly referred to as user-to-user or H.2.H communications, facilitated through computer systems or mobile devices. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a transformative concept that has gained prominence over the past few years. It represents a paradigm shift from isolated systems to a vast interconnected network of devices that are capable of collecting environmental data, processing it, and making informed decisions based on the processed information. Therefore, it is imperative to have an effective resource scheduler in place for the management of an Long-Term Evolution (L.T.E) network system that encompasses both Machine-to-Machine (M.2.M) devices and Human-to-Human (H.2.H) users. In order to develop analytical formulas for assessing the performance of the suggested programs in respect to average waiting time, average system delay, and average number in the system for M.2.M and H.2.H users, this study uses the M / G / 1 priority queue model. It is possible to provide M.2.M consumers with good Quality of Service (QoS) while maintaining the targeted QoS levels for H.2.H users, according to the analysis of the collected data. The relaxing method is employed to cater to the needs of users in the M.2.M queue. To provide QoS for delay-sensitive traffic generated by H.2.H users, a classification scheme is employed to categorize H.2.H traffic into two primary classes. The findings show that the proposed systems have provided 87.34% improvement in machine-to-machine (M.2.M) performance while managing 92.26% QoS for H.2.H services.