Quality Of Resources Research Articles

Optimizing Cloud Broker Profitability through Advanced Cloud Computing Techniques

Cloud computing has gained significant traction as an efficient solution for delivering on-demand computing resources and services. For cloud service providers, ensuring profitability while maintaining service quality is crucial. However, the prevalent single long-term renting approach often results in compromised service quality and substantial resource wastage. To address this, our paper proposes a pioneering double resource renting scheme that integrates short-term and long-term renting. This innovative approach not only guarantees optimal service quality for all requests but also significantly minimizes resource wastage. We adopt an M/M/m+D queuing model to analyse the performance indicators affecting the profitability of our double renting scheme, including the average charge and the ratio of requests necessitating temporary servers. By formulating a profit maximization problem tailored to the double renting scheme, we derive an optimized cloud platform configuration. Comparative calculations between our proposed scheme and the traditional single renting scheme demonstrate that our approach not only ensures superior service quality for all requests but also yields increased profitability. Key Words- Cloud computing, Double resource renting, Service quality, M/M/m+D queuing model, Performance indicators, Profit maximization, Short-term renting, Long-term renting.

Analysis of Distribution and Marketing Efficiency of Pineapples from a Sharia Economic Perspective

The agricultural sector plays an important role in long-term economic development and rural economic recovery in Indonesia. The development of agricultural-based businesses and sustainable agricultural systems is needed to improve the quality of human resources and agricultural products. Horticultural commodities, such as fruit, have high economic potential and can be a source of income for farmers. However, there are several obstacles in the agricultural sector, such as competition with other horticultural products, low quality and quantity of local supplies, and a lack of transparent market information. In addition, distribution in Islam has principles that can be applied in the context of the distribution of wealth and economic resources in Islam, such as justice, equality, public benefits, prohibition of exploitation, and social solidarity. This research aims to analyze pineapple marketing distribution and pineapple marketing efficiency from a sharia economic perspective. The research method used is field research using primary and secondary data. The research results show that there are two marketing distribution channels that are used, namely marketing distribution channel I and marketing distribution channel II. Marketing distribution channel I involves farmers selling directly to the city without intermediaries, while marketing distribution channel II involves collectors buying from farmers and selling to the city. Keywords: Distribution, Efficiency, Marketing

The Impact of Food Security on Economic Growth through Interaction with Poverty Levels

Food security has a significant impact on economic aspects, poverty levels, and the quality of human resources in a region. Food security issues are something that must be watched out by the East Java Provincial government. The high population and poverty level can cause problems in economic growth in East Java Province. The purpose of the study is to determine how the poverty level can strengthen or weaken the relationship between economic growth and food security as measured from the Food Availability Index, Food Affordability Index, and Food Utilization Index. This research is important because food security not only talks about food consumption for the community but also how food availability, affordability, and utilization can be the basis of sustainable development. The data used are secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics of East Java Province and the Indonesian National Food Agency. This research was conducted with a quantitative approach using Moderation Regression Analysis (MRA) method on panel data. The results showed that partially the poverty level can strengthen the influence of the Food Availability Index and Food Utilization Index on economic growth. In this case, the poverty level is classified as quasi-moderation which has a dual role as a moderation variable and an independent variable directly affects economic growth. Meanwhile, the effect of the Food Affordability Index on economic growth is not moderated by the poverty level as a predictor of moderation.

Development of Human Resource Quality, Competitive Advantage of MSMEs with Innovation as Mediation in the Perspective of Islamic Economics

The research investigates the influence of training methods on innovation in Small and Medium Industries (IKM). In analyzing the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable both partially and partially. simultaneously carried out with three stages of analysis, namely univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis, all of which were carried out using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach. These results explain that p training has no significant effect on competitive advantage. The direct influence of training methods on innovation. The t-statistical value of training methods on innovation is 6.542, which is smaller than the t-table of 1.96. These results explain that training methods have a significant effect on innovation. The indirect influence of competitive advantage in Small and Medium Industries (IKM) on innovation through the Sobel hypothesis test and the results of the Sobel test calculations obtained a statistical value of 0.208 because the t-statistical value obtained was 0.208 < 1.985 with a significance level of 0.835 > 0.10, so proves that competitive advantage has no significant effect on innovation. The indirect influence of training methods through competitive advantage on innovation, in Small and Medium Industries (IKM) with the results of the Sobel test calculations obtained a statistical value of 2.560 because the statistical t value obtained was 2.560 > 1.985 with a significance level of 0.010 < 0.10, thus proving that Innovation (Z) can mediate the relationship between the influence of training methods on Competitive Advantage and hypothesis 4 is accepted. Keywords: Human Resource Quality Development, Competitive Advantage, Small and Medium Industries, Innovation

Stages in Development and Changes in Human Resources of Dakwah Institutions in Palembang Community

This research aims to find out about the challenges of fa’wah institutions and changes in human resources that occur in Palembang. The research method using a qualitative approach. Data was collected through literature study and observation. This research was carried out by looking at the Palembang community environment. The results of the research show that the stage of development of human resources in Palembang community da’wah institutions has experienced significant changes from time to time. This changes is influenced by internal and exterbnal factors, such as changes in organizational policies, socio cultural dynamics and sociental demands. Human resources in da’wah institutions have increased in quality and quantity through various training and development programs organized by these institutions. However, there are still several obstacles that hinder the process of developing human resources, such as limited funds and lack of awareness of the importance of self development. Therefore, further efforts are needed to improve the role and quality of human resources in Palembang community da’wah institutions in order to face increasingly relevant challenges in the future.

Features of the Geoinformation Monitoring System Using Microwave and Optical Tools

The article discusses the issues of GIMS-technology that combines the methodology of GIS-technology and simulation modeling, giving it predictive functions when solving problems of environmental monitoring of the environment. The relationships between experimental data, algorithms and models of environmental processes are analyzed to implement effective operational control and diagnostics of the environment. Particular attention is paid to remote microwave sensing sensors, which ensure the implementation of the functions of GIMS-technology when solving specific problems of monitoring natural systems. For example, the use of microwave technology makes it possible to quickly obtain data on the state of soil moisture, and salinity water bodies, assess the possibility of critical hydrological situations and monitor the condition of hydraulic structures in regions with increased hydrological hazard. It is noted that GIMS-technology ensures the restoration of the spatial distribution of geoecosystem characteristics based on the data of route and ground measurements, which are characterized by fragmentation in space and episodicity in time. GIMS-technology makes it possible to overcome situations of irreducible information uncertainty, using the evolutionary modeling technique for this. The use of optical sensors and spectroellipsometry and spectrophotometry technologies makes it possible to calculate indicators of the quality of water resources, assessing the content of chemical elements in water and the presence of pollutant stains on the water surface.

Innovative development of small resort towns: the triad of science, business, and education

Urban areas are places associated with the transformation of ideas into practices, social initiatives, and spatial economics. The study aims to assess the triad interaction between education, science, and business as a multiplier on the socio-economic development in the region. The study built a conceptual model of socio-economic space in the context of innovative urban development: the unity of education, science, and business. The statistical analysis allowed the author to substantiate the peculiarities of the local triad. The study revealed correlations in the influence of education, science, and business on changes in the regional system. The paper suggests that the triad of education, science, and business rests on territorial specifics. This feature is the determining factor of innovative development in the field of resort towns. The presented research uses the quantitatively measured influence of the triad as a multiplier by combining values of the unity of education, science, and business. The study found that the mentioned indicator reflects the wellbeing and quality of the labor resources in the region. On the one hand, the multiplicative influence of the triad is a guarantee of an increase in the wellbeing level within the borders of the region. On the other hand, it requires adaptation of the innovative development of resort towns to the current growth of the workforce and a decrease in innovative advantages on a local scale. The findings provide policymakers with significant indicators on the way to stabilizing the regional economy and effective decision-making. The study of the interaction between education, science, and business in the context of socioeconomic development can become a crucial tool for formulating policies aimed at stabilizing the region's economy and improving the quality of life of its residents, particularly in resort cities. The obtained results can provide guidelines for the development of innovation support programs and the planning of investment strategies, taking into account the specifics of territorial conditions.

POLLUTION OF GROUNDWATER RESOURCES BY PROCESSES IRON ORE SURFACE USE

In Ukraine, as in most countries of the world, preservation of the natural qualities of surface and underground water resources is one of the difficult to solve problems. Groundwater pollution is carried out spontaneously and as a result of organized emissions on the surface of territories and into underground cavities. Contaminated areas of territories around mineral deposits, industrial facilities, as well as masses of pollutants, are growing. In terms of scale, it is necessary to single out groundwater pollution as a result of ore extraction and placement of rocks in dumps, as the most harmful for agricultural lands and surface water bodies. Calculating the amount of compensation for damages caused by contamination of groundwater with harmful substances requires further official adjustments, taking into account the factor of public ownership of natural resources in general. Therefore, it is necessary that the following situations are officially taken into account in the normative legal acts of local authorities: underground waters and their environment belong to objects of public property, therefore, in the methods of determining and calculating the ecological consequences of pollution of underground waters and their underground environment, it is necessary to provide that damages must be studied and assessed from the point of view of damage to public property; polluted underground waters and their underground environment are located locally on the territories of territorial Starostov districts, which represent the people of Ukraine; in accordance with clause 1, when calculating the amount of compensation for pollution, it is generally necessary to determine the losses for the population of these districts and the amounts of charges and payments to them; local authorities need to organize compensation processes, monitor their implementation and effectiveness. The definition of an environmental tax does not correspond to the definition of the concept of a tax as an unconditional payment to the budget, since in its essence it is a punishment for the discharge of polluted substances into water bodies and ecological pollution of water resources.

The Development of Student Soft Skills through the Integration of PJBL STEAM Learning in The Organic Chemistry 1 Topic of Hydrocarbons

This research aims to improve students' soft skills in facing the 21st century, making learning more interesting and enjoyable so that the quality of human resources becomes better. This study explores how integrating Project-Based Learning (PjBL) with the STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics) approach can improve students' soft skills in Organic Chemistry 1, specifically focusing on the topic of hydrocarbons. The research subjects were students taking Organic Chemistry 1 courses in the odd semester of the 2022/2023 academic year. This type of research is qualitative research with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, field observations, and reflective journals. The STEAM approach, encompassing Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics, is implemented through a six-stage learning process, namely providing essential questions, making a project plan, preparing a project schedule, monitoring students and project progress, assessing/testing results, and providing student experience. The research results show that students like project learning using the STEAM approach with an average questionnaire response result of 89.14% with very good criteria. 36% of students experienced problems when making project planning assignments in finding interesting ideas related to organic chemistry 1 material using the STEAM approach. The integration of STEAM in project-based learning can develop students' soft skills.

A new ViT-Based augmentation framework for wafer map defect classification to enhance the resilience of semiconductor supply chains

Wafer map defect classification plays a crucial role in sustaining the semiconductor supply chain during industrial disruptions by ensuring continuity, resilience, and efficiency while aligning with sustainability principles. Up to 30 percent of production costs is lost to chip testing and yield losses for semiconductor manufacturing supply chain. In the semiconductor practice, wafer map defects recognition plays a linchpin role in the front-end-of-line stage. Defect pattern recognition can directly pinpoint the assignable causes and provide the domain experts with actionable insights. However, various wafer defect types occur differently from each other, which makes the collected wafer map dataset to be highly imbalanced in defect classes. In the face of data imbalance, the classification model usually cannot provide satisfactory classification performance. In this aspect, this paper intends to investigate the wafer defect map classification problem by using Vision Transformer (ViT) as an alternative data augmentation approach. The primary purpose is to alleviate the class-imbalance issue and then the performance of a deep learning-based convolutional neural network for wafer defect classification can be effectively improved. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed data augmentation method by using ViT proves to be a potential generative model for improving wafer map defect classification, particularly robust on the individual minority class. In a word, the proposed augmentation framework for wafer map defect classification facilitates a more targeted and efficient approach to quality control, resource utilization, and production optimization in maintaining a sustainable semiconductor supply chain, particularly in times of industrial disruption.

Pentingnya Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter pada Anak Sekolah Dasar di Era Digital

The purpose of this research is to see and know how the importance of strengthening character education in elementary school children in the digital era. The research method used is Literature Study with SLR or Sytematic Literature Review method is to collect, analyze, and study from various research references related to the topic of discussion and from previous similar research results that have been conducted by others. Strengthening character education in elementary school children in the digital era is very important to be applied in various activities in children, especially during school subjects and other activities such as discipline, examples of some characters in folklore and so on which can become good habits so that children today can balance good character habits with the harmony of technological developments to improve the quality and quantity of individual human resources, especially in elementary school children who need a lot of knowledge for their future progress.

Factors Influencing the Efficiency of Construction Projects in Jimma Zone, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia

The construction sector plays a crucial role in the Ethiopian economy, making a substantial contribution to economic growth. However, various challenges have been identified as impacting the performance and growth of the Ethiopian construction industry. Projects in the Jimma Zone face numerous issues related to cost, time, and quality. This study aimed to evaluate how factors like resource management, stakeholder management, procurement management, and quality management influence project performance in the Jimma Zone. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to employees of Jimma Zone Employers and Contractors. A total of 62 questionnaires were distributed, with an 80.65% response rate, providing sufficient data for statistical analysis. Findings were presented using charts and tables. Quality management challenges included the absence of a quality management system and insufficient management commitment. Regression analysis indicated that resource and stakeholder management factors significantly influenced project cost and time performance, while quality management factors had a positive but not significant impact. Resource, stakeholder, and quality-related factors significantly influenced project quality performance, whereas procurement management factors did not have a significant impact. The study suggests that focusing on resource and stakeholder management could enhance project performance in the Jimma Zone.

Effects of Biochar on Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Components, Available Phosphorus, Enzyme Activities Related to Phosphorus Cycle, Microbial Functional Genes, and Seedling Growth of Populus euphratica under Different Water Conditions

Cow dung is a kind of high quality and renewable biological resource. Biochar made from cow dung can be used as a soil amendment to improve soil nutrient status. The relationship between soil water and phosphorus is very close, and the water status determines the form, content, and availability of phosphorus. In order to investigate the effects of biochar on soil inorganic phosphorus components, available phosphorus, enzyme activities related to the phosphorus cycle, microbial functional genes, and seedling growth under different soil water conditions were investigated. Field experiments were carried out by setting different water conditions (30%, 60%, and 100%) and biochar addition (0 t hm−2, 2.63 t hm−2, 5.26 t hm−2, and 7.89 t hm−2). The results showed that applying biochar significantly increased the soil’s accessible phosphorus content and the phosphorus content in both the aboveground and subsurface parts of P. euphratica seedlings. This is mainly attributable to biochar’s direct and indirect effects on soil properties. Because biochar is naturally alkaline, it raises soil pH and reduces acid phosphatase activity in the soil around P. euphratica seedlings in the rhizosphere. Perhaps the alkaline phosphatase level first showed an upward trend due to the combined impacts of water and biochar, and then it started to decline when the biochar addition was increased. Soil phosphorus functional genes phoC, phoD, gcd, and pqqc had an increase in copy number with biochar addition but not without treatment. Indirectly, the biochar treatment increased the soil’s phosphorus availability by increasing the population of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria Fusarium and Sphingomonas. Soil phosphorus availability is positively affected by biochar under various water conditions. This impact is due to chemical and microbiological mechanisms.

GIS-based groundwater potential zonation and assessment of groundwater quality and suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Shanmughanadhi river basin, south India

To develop a specific watershed scenario, the quantity and quality of groundwater resources must be assessed and monitored locally. In the present study, an attempt has been made to identify possible groundwater potential zones, determine the quality of groundwater resources in this region, and evaluate their suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. This goal has been achieved with the combined use of the weighted index overlay analysis (WIOA), groundwater quality index (GWQI), Remote Sensing (RS), and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. The proposed study area, Shanmuganadhi, is marked with superior rainfall, oscillating temperature, and runoff with litho-units encompassing charnockite (CHK) and hornblende biotite gneiss (HBG). Over-abstraction of groundwater and intensive agricultural practices have resulted in declining and degrading water quantity and quality in this area. The resulting integrated thematic map has been classified into five groundwater potential zones, namely poor, low, moderate, high, and very high, covering 3.2, 45.49, 15.3, 27.9, and 8.1% area, respectively. Sixty groundwater samples were collected during the pre-monsoon (PRM) and analyzed for major Physico-chemical parameters. From the water quality index assessment, over 28.0% of the samples fall within the “excellent,” 8.0% “good” and 4.0% “poor” in CHK, followed by 5.71% “excellent,” 48.57% “good,” 37.14% “poor,” 5.71% “very poor” and 2.87% “unsuitable” for drinking purposes in HBG terrain of this region. Irrigation indices also demonstrated that most of the groundwater samples in the CHK and HBG exposed zones exhibited good classes for irrigation purposes, as evidenced by the SAR and %Na+. The outcome, which shows the research area's groundwater potential zones, is beneficial for improved groundwater resource planning and management. It is concluded that for larger-scale groundwater-quality investigation and assessment, the groundwater quality index-making approach (GWQI) is more practical and dependable. Water planners and decision-makers may find it helpful in effectively controlling and monitoring groundwater quality at the basin or watershed scale. Reducing urban land use and natural runoff from farms can help prevent water contamination in some regions. To ensure the safe use of groundwater, long-term monitoring of these groundwater was suggested.

Operational and Marketing Strategic For Integrated Digital Service Attractiveness: A Study on "Madina" From Bank Muamalat Indonesia

Technological developments are forcing the banking sector to adapt to the digital era. Bank Muamalat Indonesia focuses on e-Banking services for non-individual customers. 24/7 service, including the MADINA feature for real-time transactions, makes things easier for customers. MADINA, a CMS application, makes cash management easier for corporate customers. Through SWOT and QSPM analysis, the bank formulates a digital marketing strategy to improve business performance. This research uses mixed methods, combining quantitative and qualitative data to produce a narrative description. This approach emphasizes the nature of data, process rather than results. Descriptive analysis was carried out using a financial ratio approach. The focus is on converting qualitative data into quantitative data from interviews as a data collection technique. Bank Muamalat Indonesia will implement a collaboration strategy with third parties as a top priority, with the highest TAS of 4,143. The second alternative is to utilize brand image, with TAS 4,068. Utilization of technology in promotions was the third highest strategy, with TAS 4,031, followed by sustainable satisfaction for partners with TAS 4,003. Training to improve the quality of human resources is the final strategy with a TAS weight of 4.031.

Evaluasi Kebijakan Pelimpahan Kewenangan Bupati dalam Evaluasi APB Desa oleh Camat Agar Sesuai Tujuan Pelimpahan di Kabupaten Nunukan Provinsi Kalimantan Utara

This study aimed to describe and analyze the evaluation of the policy of decentralizing authority from the Regent to the Sub-District Head in Nunukan District regarding the evaluation of Village Budgetary Allocation (APB Desa) based on the Regulation of the Nunukan Regent No. 31 of 2018 concerning Amendments to Nunukan Regent Regulation No. 54 of 2012 regarding the Decentralization of Some Authorities of the Nunukan Regent to Sub-District Heads in Nunukan District. The research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data collection procedures included in-depth interviews, observations, document studies, and triangulation. The main informants were policy formulators and implementers, relevant government agencies (SKPD), and village governments as service recipients. The policy evaluation theory utilized six criteria: effectiveness, efficiency, sufficiency, equality, responsiveness, and accuracy. The analysis revealed that the criteria for evaluating the policy of decentralizing authority from the regent to the sub-district head regarding APB Desa evaluation had not been fully implemented optimally, especially in terms of effectiveness and responsiveness. Several issues identified in the implementation of APB Desa evaluation by sub-district heads in Nunukan District included the absence of SOPs for APB Desa evaluation services, the quality and quantity of human resources in the bureaucracy, and limited sub-district budgets. The researchers recommended policymakers to issue regulations in the form of regional head regulations governing the technical guidelines for APB Desa evaluation by sub-district heads and the necessity of drafting SOPs for APB Desa evaluation services by relevant agencies to ensure that sub-districts have the same standards in providing APB Desa evaluation services.

Assessment of water quality and associated human health risk of a tropical freshwater body in Edo State, Nigeria

The quality of freshwater sources is a key factor in sustainable development. This study investigated the water quality suitability of Ossiomo River for human consumption and the implications for public health. Water samples were collected and analysed from October 2021 to March 2022. Results indicated that the water physico-chemical parameters from sampled locations were within their respective National Environmental Standards and Regulation Enforcement Agency (NESRA) permissible limits except for pH (< 6.5), dissolved oxygen (< 6.0mg L−1), cadmium (> 0.005m /L−1), manganese (> 0.05mg L−1) and total hydrocarbon content (>10mg L−1). Comprehensive pollution index (0.4–1.0) and water quality index (251.57–765.37) values indicate that the water body was slightly polluted and unsuitable for human consumption (WQI > 50). Health risk assessment showed that children and adults were predisposed to non-carcinogenic risk (HIoral > 1) and carcinogenic risk (ICR: 1.21E-02 and 2.84E-03) from heavy metals through oral exposure. Natural run-off and anthropogenic activities were identified sources of heavy metals and hydrocarbons within the catchment. The study has provided data for water resource quality monitoring and raised concerns as to the need for immediate action to safeguard the public health of communities surrounding the Ossiomo River, through the provision of alternative sources of potable water.

The Influence of Intellectual Capital on Financial Performance with Earnings Management as A Mediating Variable in Financial Companies Listed on The IDX in 2020-2022

Financial performance is a form of evaluation and analysis of the financial performance of an entity in achieving its objectives. To achieve good financial performance, of course, quality resources are needed. Intellectual capital can be the main reason for achieving good financial performance in an entity because it has competitive advantages such as knowledge, skills, experience, and adequate information, which is in line with the resource-based view theory. However, to achieve good financial performance in the eyes of the public, earnings management practices are often carried out in each entity to cover up failures or fulfill the wishes of stakeholders. Earnings management practices are acts of manipulation of an entity's financial data to make it look good in the eyes of the public and do not describe actual financial performance. This research was conducted on insurance sub-sector financial companies listed on the IDX in 2020–2022. The method of determining the sample used was purposive sampling with the criteria that the insurance sub-sector financial companies published their annual reports consecutively from 2020–2022, so that 11 insurance sub-sector financial companies were obtained. The data analysis techniques used are SEM-PLS and path analysis using the SmartPLS application. Based on the research results, it is known that intellectual capital proxied using VAIC has a positive effect on financial performance proxied by ROA. Intellectual capital proxied by VAIC has no effect on earnings management proxied by DAC. Earnings management, proxied by DAC, has no effect on financial performance, proxied by ROA. Intellectual capital has no effect on financial performance after being mediated by earnings management; therefore, earnings management is called full mediation.

The Role of Village Government in Providing Public Services to the Community in Galangpengampon Village, Wonopringgo District, Pekalongan Regency

Public service is at the core of government administration, and providing quality service is key to assessing the performance of an institution. Village governments, as direct service providers, are expected to deliver professional and efficient services by law number 6 of 2014 to improve the welfare of the community. However, several obstacles such as the lack of effectiveness and efficiency in service delivery have led to dissatisfaction among the public. This research aims to analyze the supporting and inhibiting factors for the role of the Village Government in Providing Public Services to the Community in Galangpengampon Village, Wonopringgo District, Pekalongan Regency. The method used is descriptive qualitative with analysis tools, uses an interactive analysis model through a selection or reduction model, namely summarizing data obtained through direct contact with informants, events and situations at the research location. The real implication of this research is to find out what factors support and hinder the role of the Village Government in Providing Public Services to the Community in Galangpengampon Village, Wonopringgo District, Pekalongan Regency. So that way it can provide input for the village to improve services to the community. The results indicate that village governments play a role as mobilizers, facilitators, and regulators in improving public services, with cooperation among officials and community participation as supporting factors, while working conditions, infrastructure limitations, and the quality of human resources serve as inhibiting factors.

HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY ISSUES RELATED TO ARMENIA’S TAXATION

The results of effective management of human resources are most clearly manifested in state agencies. In this regard, the state tax service is not considered an exception, where the effectiveness of tax administration and fiscal policy management is largely determined by the available quality of used labor resources. The article presents recommendations for improving the quality of labor resources in tax services, based on the analysis of international experience. Special emphasis is placed on systematic measures to ensure the quality of labor resources, such as motivation, targeted trainings, professional advancement paths.