Production Quality Research Articles

Air Pollution and Urban Economic Growth: A Study Based on Dynamic Models

<p class="Paragraph"><span lang="EN-US">With China's economic growth, the issue of air pollution has become increasingly prominent. As the core of political and economic development, 184 major cities in China face severe air pollution and significant environmental pressures due to high population density. Consequently, China has established key urban environmental monitoring stations in these cities to monitor pollution emissions in real time. This paper utilizes panel data from 184 Chinese cities spanning 2012-2022 and employs dynamic GMM models, fixed effects models, and mediation effect models to empirically examine the impact of air pollution on urban environmental pollution and its mediation mechanisms. From the perspective of cities with different income levels, a dynamic GMM model is established to determine the correlation between air pollution and various factors influencing urban economic growth. The study finds that air pollution significantly reduces economic growth in Chinese cities at the 1 per cent level, with each unit increase in air pollution reducing economic growth in Chinese cities by 0.84 units. Urbanization and human capital are identified as two crucial channels through which air pollution affects the economic development of Chinese cities. The negative impact of air pollution on economic growth is more pronounced in larger cities compared to smaller ones, and the adverse effects of haze pollution become increasingly significant over time. Therefore, policymakers should take the cultivation and application of new quality productivity as a key strategy to enhance the quality of economic development, and realise a win-win situation between economic growth and environmental protection through scientific and technological innovation and industrial restructuring. This will not only help alleviate the air pollution problem, but also inject new momentum into the high-quality development of China’s economy.</span></p>

Enhancing the productivity and nutritional quality of lentil (Lens culinaris L.) with combined foliar application of zinc and urea

There is need to enhance the nutritional quality of lentil for ameliorating nutrient deficiencies in people especially vegetarians. The study was carried out to investigate the effect of soil application of zinc (Zn) and foliar application of Zn and nitrogen [(N) through urea] on grain yield and enrichment of grain with Zn in lentil. The field experiments were conducted at two locations Ludhiana and Faridkot, India. The experiment was consisted of eleven treatments (control, soil application of 25 kg ha−1 ZnSO4 at sowing time, foliar spray of sole 0.5% ZnSO4 or 2% urea and combined foliar spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 + 2% urea at flowering, pod formation, and flowering + pod formation stages). The foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 + 2% urea spray at flowering + pod formation stages significantly improved the grain yield, Zn and iron (Fe) concentration at maturity in stover and grain (whole as well as split) of lentil and protein content in stover and grain. The combined application of ZnSO4 (0.5%) + urea (2%) at flowering + pod formation stages can be done to improve not only the grain yield (on an average 29.5%) but also the Zn (49.7%) and Fe (17.4%) concentration in lentil grain, which, can help in ameliorating malnutrition in human population.

Image segmentation on void regional formation in the flip-chip underfilling process by comparing YOLO and mask RCNN

Purpose This paper aims to identify a suitable convolutional neural network (CNN) model to analyse where void(s) are formed in asymmetrical flip-chips with large amounts of the ball-grid array (BGA) during underfilling. Design/methodology/approach A set of void(s)-filled through-scan acoustic microscope (TSAM) images of BGA underfill is collected, labelled and used to train two CNN models (You Look Only Once version 5 (YOLOv5) and Mask RCNN). Otsu's thresholding method is used to calculate the void percentage, and the model's performance in generating the results with its accuracy relative to real-scale images is evaluated. Findings All discoveries were authenticated concerning previous studies on CNN model development to encapsulate the shape of the void detected combined with calculating the percentage. The Mask RCNN is the most suitable model to perform the image segmentation analysis, and it closely matches the void presence in the TSAM image samples up to an accuracy of 94.25% of the entire void region. The model's overall accuracy of RCNN is 96.40%, and it can display the void percentage by 2.65 s on average, faster than the manual checking process by 96.50%. Practical implications The study enabled manufacturers to produce a feasible, automated means to improve their flip-chip underfilling production quality control. Leveraging an optimised CNN model enables an expedited manufacturing process that will reduce lead costs. Originality/value BGA void formation in a flip-chip underfilling process can be captured quantitatively with advanced image segmentation.

Combining capillary electrophoresis and chemometric tools for the straightforward determination of imidazolinone herbicides in plant-based milks.

Highly polar herbicides, such as imidazolinones, are used for weed control to increase agricultural productivity and crop quality. However, their misapplication can lead to residues in ready-to-eat food with a potential health risk for consumers. Hence, the fast determination of these herbicides is necessary for timely action. In this work, an eco-friendly method based on capillary zone electrophoresis combined with chemometrics was used for the determination of imazapyr and imazamox in vegetable-based beverages such as soy and quinoa milk. The analytical strategy consisted of only three steps: (i) protein precipitation prior to sample injection (ii) data pre-processing to reduce the background and make corrections on electrophoretic times shift, and (iii) resolution of fully overlapped capillary electrophoresis (CE) peaks by the well-known partial least square (PLS) algorithm, which extracts quantitative information attributed to the analytes. The method was successfully applied in the concentration range between 1.00 and 100 μg L-1 with coefficient of determination of the calibration (R2 cal) and prediction (R2 pred) > 0.90, residual prediction deviation of calibration (RPDcal) and of prediction (RPDpred) > 3, and relative error of prediction (REP) > 11 in the analyzed sample matrices, in the three built methods (quinoa samples, soy samples, and joint quinoa and soy samples). The proposed methodology offers a simple and quick alternative for determining imidazolinones at trace concentrations in vegetable beverages, such as quinoa and soy milk, without complex sample preparation. The results were consistent with those obtained using more complex techniques, confirming the applicability of this method. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Influence of Irrigation Periods, Soil Additions and Antitranspirant Spraying Folaire on Productivity and Fruit Quality of Eggplant

Influence of Irrigation Periods, Soil Additions and Antitranspirant Spraying Folaire on Productivity and Fruit Quality of Eggplant

Advances in Spectroscopic Methods for Predicting Cheddar Cheese Maturity: A Review of FT-IR, NIR, and NMR Techniques

The quest for reliable techniques to predict Cheddar cheese maturity has gained momentum to ensure quality and consistency in large-scale production. Given the complexity of cheese ripening and the industry’s need for fast and reliable evaluation methods, this review addresses the challenge by scrutinising the application of spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), near-infrared (NIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). These methods are evaluated for their noninvasive and rapid on-site analysis capabilities, which are essential for ensuring quality in cheese production. This review synthesises current research findings, discusses the potential and limitations of each technique, and highlights future research directions. Overall, NIR spectroscopy emerges as the most promising, offering quick, nondestructive assessments and reasonably accurate compositional predictions, crucial for real-time maturation monitoring. It provides rapid results within minutes, making it significantly faster than FT-IR and NMR. While FT-IR also offers high accuracy, it typically requires longer analysis times due to extensive calibration and can be sensitive to sample conditions, while NMR, although highly accurate, involves complex and time-consuming procedures. Nonetheless, further studies are necessary to refine these spectroscopic techniques, enhance their predictive accuracy, and deepen the understanding of the correlations between chemical attributes and sensory qualities in Cheddar cheese.

Adalimumab: A key element in the treatment strategy for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: A review

Adalimumab is a biological drug effectively used in the treatment of several immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, including ankylosing spondylitis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and psoriasis. This study analyzed the therapeutic and economic benefits of adalimumab. Patients with ankylosing spondylitis showed significant improvements in quality of life and work productivity after treatment with adalimumab, confirming its clinical and economic efficacy. In the case of juvenile idiopathic arthritis and psoriasis, adalimumab demonstrated high efficacy and safety, significantly improving patients' conditions, establishing it as the gold standard of therapy. The use of adalimumab biosimilars offers accessible alternatives to the original drugs, expanding treatment options and reducing the economic burden on patients.

Review of agronomic and kernel quality traits of 273 almond cultivars

AbstractAlmond stands out as one of the best-adapted temperate tree species globally. Its adaptability facilitated a widespread distribution from Central Asia to regions such as the Mediterranean, the United States, and Australia, enabling the adaptation of different genotypes to specific edaphoclimatic conditions. Throughout this spreading process, diverse almond landraces were selected in each growing area, resulting in a collection with varying agronomic and kernel quality properties well adapted to each origin. In addition to these native cultivars, various almond breeding programs, both public and private, released new cultivars to address key issues related to the production and kernel quality of traditional cultivars. This collective effort has resulted in a wide range of cultivars with diverse phenotypic characteristics, available for cultivation and breeding purposes. In this review, we summarize the main agronomic and kernel quality characteristics of globally available cultivated almond germplasm. This germplasm comprises genotypes from Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Australia, and Europe, either locally cultivated or released from breeding programs. For each cultivar, we provide information (if known) on the origin, parentage, year of introduction, self-(in)compatibility, S alleles, blooming time, chilling, and heat requirements, bearing habits, kernel and shell characteristics, harvesting time, tree characteristic, and disease susceptibility/resistance. In conclusion, the global diversity of cultivated almond germplasm presented in this review provides a valuable repository of phenotypic traits and genetic resources to continue advancements in almond cultivation and breeding worldwide.

Development and potential of robotisation and automation in Kazakhstan's automobile industry: a bibliographical and analytical review

The engineering sector, which includes automobile production, plays an important role in the national economy and industrial progress. It affects the development of production, scientific and technical progress, labor productivity, national security, quality of life. In order to increase productivity, reduce labor costs and improve product quality, industrial automation and robotization processes have been significantly developed in industrialized countries of the world. The global market for industrial robots is expected to grow 14.3% annually and reach $30.8 billion by 2027. However, Kazakhstan faces special difficulties in adopting these technologies due to the lack of development of automation infrastructure. This study aims to develop priorities and directions of advanced scientific and technological solutions for intelligent joint systems of robotics and automation, especially in the automotive industry of Kazakhstan. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to assess the current state of automation in the automotive industry of Kazakhstan, to identify challenges and opportunities associated with the introduction of robotics, and to provide a strategic basis for the advancement of these technologies. The research corresponds to the state programs of Kazakhstan on science, technology and digitization. The scientific and practical importance of this work is that it is aimed at providing solutions for increasing efficiency by adapting advanced robotic technologies to local production systems. Through the development of domestic innovations and the transfer of global technologies, research contributes to the field of industrial automation and helps Kazakhstan's industries to achieve global competitiveness. It is expected that the practical results of the research will contribute to the improvement of production quality, efficiency and productivity in the automotive sector of Kazakhstan, contributing to sustainable development in accordance with world trends. The value of the work lies in providing individual, technologically advanced solutions to meet the nation's urgent need for robotics automation and integration.

Domestication of wild-growing Turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) from Ethiopian forests on augmented agro-industrial byproducts

Despite being extensively studied as a white-rot fungus, there have been no efforts to explore and cultivate the high-yielding wild Trametes versicolor strains in Ethiopia. Thus, this study was initiated to assess the growth performance of T. versicolor on various growth media. Accordingly, ten substrates (S1–S10) were formulated by a combination of agro-industrial by-products that mainly constituted sugarcane wastes and animal manures. The effect of substrates on yields, biological efficiencies, and nutritional compositions was examined. The mushroom developed a white mycelium on the growth media. T. versicolor cultivated on the S5 blend, comprising 80% sugarcane bagasse, 12% horse manure, and 8% poultry manure, exhibited the most substantial fruiting body yield (158.33 g/500 g bag) and the highest biological efficiency (31.5%), with an optimal C:N ratio of 31:1. It has shown good mycelial growth, short colonization, and short pinhead formation time compared to other substrates. S7, lacking nitrogen supplementation, yielded low biological efficiency and fruiting bodies at 11.50% and 57.67%, respectively. The crude protein, fiber, low fat, and carbohydrate content ranged from 7.46 to 14.65%, 12.89 to 18.38%, 0.42 to 0.53%, and 48.75 to 66.75%, respectively. Notably, the highest nutritional values, excluding carbohydrates, were obtained from S5, while the sugarcane bagasse had the highest carbohydrate content among substrates. Consequently, S5 emerged as a suitable medium for cultivating wild T. versicolor mushrooms, particularly in regions abundant in poultry, horse manures, and sugarcane bagasse. Therefore, S5 represents an optimal substrate for T. versicolor cultivation, offering improved productivity and nutritional quality at reduced costs.

Associations between type of bariatric surgery and obstructive sleep apnoea, employment outcomes, and body image satisfaction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Bariatric surgery has been shown to provide significant patient benefits in terms of weight loss and mitigation of obesity linked co-morbidities, as well as providing improvements in occupational productivity and patient quality of life. However, the choice of which bariatric surgery procedure provides the most patient benefit in each of these cases is still in question. In this study we provide a systematic review, with the objective of evaluating associations between different bariatric surgery procedures and mitigation of obesity linked co-morbidities, improvement in occupational productivity, and patient quality of life, concentrating on three areas: obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), employment prospects and body image. The CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, and CENTRAL databases were searched for eligible studies. Summary risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using random-effects models. Thirty-three studies were included in this review, including 29 cohort studies and 4 randomised clinical trials (RCTs). Pooled analysis of the observational studies showed significantly lower OSA remission in sleeve gastrectomy (SG) compared to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) across both short-term (1-2 years) and longer-term (3+ years) follow-up periods, (RR=0.91, 95% CI = 0.84-0.99, p=0.02 and RR=0.88, 95% CI = 0.65-0.99, p=0.03 respectively). In contrast, a metanalysis of the RCT studies found no difference in OSA remission between SG and RYGB (RR=1.01, 95% CI = 0.81-1.25, p=0.93). An analysis of four studies showed significantly higher OSA remission for SG versus Adjustable Gastric Band (RR=1.83, 95% CI = 1.57-2.14, p<0.001). No significant difference was observed regarding improvement in employment status between SG and RYGB (RR=0.77, 95% CI = 0.32-1.87, p = 0.57). A narrative synthesis of studies on body image reported no significant differences between body image scores and surgery types. This review found significantly lower OSA remission in SG as compared to RYGB across different follow up periods, while no significant statistical difference was observed in RCTs studies. Further studies are recommended to assess the effectiveness of the various bariatric surgeries in relation to improving employment status and body image, where primary studies are lacking.

The Role of PKK in Sustainable Community Empowerment

The general background while community empowerment is widely studied, the specific contributions of PKK remain underexplored. Specific background this study focuses on PKK's role in Tambak Kalisogo Village, particularly within sustainable community empowerment programs. Knowledge Gap Existing literature lacks a comprehensive analysis of PKK's multifaceted role in community development initiatives. Aims this research aims to elucidate the various roles of PKK, including its functions as a motivator, facilitator, mobilizer, and regulator in community empowerment. Results the findings reveal that PKK effectively organizes activities, provides guidance in food processing, ensures quality in production, and complies with governmental regulations, thus significantly impacting community welfare. Novelty this research contributes to the field by presenting a detailed examination of PKK's diverse functions in fostering community development and enhancing the economic capabilities of women. Implications Strengthening PKK's initiatives can further improve community welfare, encouraging women's participation in economic activities, and leading to more prosperous and resilient families. Highlights: PKK functions acts as a motivator, facilitator, mobilizer, and regulator in community initiatives. The study demonstrates PKK's effectiveness in enhancing local economic welfare through various programs. Strengthening PKK's efforts fosters women's participation, contributing to improved family income and welfare. Keywords: PKK, Empowerment, Welfare, Community, Economy

Effects of substitution of crude palm oil with palm-pressed fibre oil on the laying hen's performance, egg production and egg quality traits.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of substituting a crude palm oil (CPO) diet with palm-pressed fibre oil (PPFO) on laying hens' performance, egg production, carcass characteristic and egg quality. A total of 150 Hisex Brown laying hens were randomly assigned to five treatments: a basal diet containing 4% CPO (T1-control) and basal diets in which CPO was substituted by 25% (T2), 50% (T3), 75% (T4) or 100% (T5) PPFO. These diets were fed to laying hens ad libitum for 16 weeks. Compared to the T1 diet, dietary treatments T2, T3 and T4 had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on the feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, egg number, egg production, egg weight and egg mass of the laying hens during the entire experimental period. Nonetheless, a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in feed intake, egg number, egg production and egg mass were observed in hens fed T5 compared to those fed the T1 (control) diet. Except for heart and spleen weights, other carcass characteristics were not affected by treatment (P < 0.05). Skin yellowness and breast meat redness increased significantly (linearly, P < 0.05) with increasing proportions of PPFO. Likewise, yolk colour scores increased in proportion to the dietary level of PPFO (linearly, P < 0.05). These findings suggest that PPFO can be used as a novel, cost-effective lipid source at a level of 3% in layer diets as a substitute for CPO to improve eggs' quality parameters without any harmful effects on laying performance.

Use of Moringa Plant as a Healthy Processed Food: A Study of the Social Facts Paradigm Within the Keloris Community in Ngawenomboh Village, Kunduran District, Blora Regency, Central Java

Empowered communities are self-reliant, have better opportunities to utilize and access local resources, and improved well-being. Social facts indicate that the community of Ngawenomboh Village in Kunduran District, Blora Regency, Central Java, is facing welfare issues resulting in malnutrition. On the other hand, there is local potential for the wild moringa plant, which is underutilized even though appropriate processing might boost the nation’s economy and combat malnutrition. Using moringa as a nutritious processed product, “Keloris,” can majorly benefit the community. This research aims to explain and assess this initiative. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collection techniques through observation and in-depth interviews with Keloris and community sources. The results show that the community empowerment initiatives by Keloris follow the empowering sustainability approach with technology. The empowering approach includes moringa cultivation, and production and distribution partnerships, which have resulted in community empowerment, self-reliance, and entrepreneurship. Meanwhile, the sustainability approach involves training and developing community empowerment programs, resulting in the emergence of 1keloris as agents of change responsible for moringa development in the community. Additionally, the technology approach, through the use of production machines and digital marketing, has increased moringa production capacity and quality, as well as expanded its market. This research contributes to a community empowerment model for processing moringa as a healthy product. Keywords: empowerment, keloris, local potential

The collaborative agglomeration of industries and the realization of the digital economy on the green high-quality development of cities

PurposeThis study explores the role of industrial co-agglomeration and digital economy in influencing the green high-quality development of the Yellow River National Cultural Park to provide countermeasures and suggestions for promoting the whole-area high-quality development.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on panel data from 56 cities from 2010 to 2022. First, a Super-SBM model is built to evaluate green high-quality development. Secondly, location entropy is used to measure industrial co-agglomeration and the entropy weight method is used to measure the digital economy. Finally, the panel Tobit model is used to analyze the impact of industrial co-agglomeration and digital economy on the green high-quality development of Yellow River National Cultural Park.FindingsThis study found that (1) industrial co-agglomeration has a negative implication in green high-quality development, while the digital economy boosts green high-quality development; (2) industrial co-agglomeration is a less critical dependency on the level of development of the digital economy in influencing green high-quality development, while the facilitating effect of the digital economy is more dependent on industrial co-agglomeration and (3) the trend of slow growth in industrial co-agglomeration and digital economy development, with significant regional differences in green high-quality development.Research limitations/implicationsUndeniably, our study has several limitations. Firstly, as the study area only includes some cities in individual provinces, such as Qinghai, this paper only analyzes at the city level, which does not better reflect the differences between provinces; secondly, this study only adopts one method to determine the digital economy. In the future, other methods can be explored to measure digital economy; finally, in addition to the main role of digital economy and industrial co-agglomeration, other factors may also affect the green high-quality development of YRNCP. Future research should introduce other variables to improve the theoretical framework.Practical implicationsFirst, it provides countermeasures and suggestions for promoting the green high-quality development of YRNCP. Second, it helps to implement the new development concept, cultivate the new quality productivity of culture and the tourism industry and promote the green high-quality development of YRNCP. Third, it provides references to improve the management measures and related policies of the YRNCP more accurately and efficiently. Fourth, it helps to build a new development pattern and has important practical significance in promoting the high-quality development of the whole basin, protecting and inheriting the Yellow River Culture and helping the Chinese-style modernization and development, which are of great practical significance.Social implicationsThe research is carried out from the new perspective of industrial co-agglomeration and digital economy, which provides the theoretical basis and reference for solving the problem of green high-quality development of YRNCP. Second, it broadens the research idea of green high-quality development. Third, it quantitatively analyzes the impact of industrial co-agglomeration and digital economy on the high-quality development of YRNCP, deepening the research on the green high-quality development of YRNCP. Fourth, it helps to enrich and improve the theoretical research related to the national cultural park development and has positive significance in promoting the management and innovation of the cultural industry and the construction of related disciplines.Originality/valueThe paper’s findings illustrate the functional relationship of the digital economy and industrial co-agglomeration with green high-quality development and propose countermeasures to facilitate the high-quality development of the Yellow River National Cultural Park.

Improving egg quality in laying hens using calcium salt of black soldier fly larvae oil

Abstract Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) oil has gained attention as a potential substitute for vegetable oil in feed formulations designed to improve productivity and product quality. This study aimed to investigate the impact of supplementation BSFL oil calcium salt (BSFLO-SCa) on the egg quality and gene expression involved in fat metabolism in laying hens. A total of sixty 40-wk-old ISA Brown laying hens were divided into three distinct groups: a control group (T0) that received a basic diet, and two treatment groups that were supplemented with 1% (T1) and 2% (T2) BSFLO-SCa. Each group consisted of 5 replicates, with 4 laying hens per replicate. The study indicated that the inclusion of 2% of BSFLO-SCa significantly increased egg albumen weight, height, ratio, eggshell weight, and thickness (). The inclusion of 1 and 2% of BSFLO-SCa increased the yolk lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*), but redness (a*) was decreased (). Moreover, BSFLO-SCa supplementation with 1 and 2% reduced () egg fat and cholesterol. Analysis of fatty acid profiles showed significantly increased medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (), while monosaturated fatty acid (MUFA) reduced () with 2% BSFLO-SCa. Gene expression related to lipid metabolism, such as fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), as well as cholesterol synthesis gene expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) were downregulated (). In conclusion, the inclusion of 2% BSFLO-SCa in the diet improved quality and reduced fat and cholesterol content in eggs from laying hens. This improvement was accompanied by downregulation of key genes involved in lipid metabolism.

Spatiotemporal characteristics and socio-ecological drivers of ecosystem service interactions in the Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone

Uncovering the spatiotemporal characteristics of ecosystem services and their complex interactions is a prerequisite for managing multiple simultaneously. However, the prior research has predominantly overlooked cultural service objects and neglected the indirect socio-ecological impact pathways on ecosystem services. To delve into the dynamics and developmental trends of ecosystem alterations prior to and following the inception of an Eco-Economic Zone, this study quantitatively assessed four pivotal ecosystem services within the Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone spanning from 2000 to 2020. These services encompassed:crop production(CP), carbon sequestration(CS), habitat quality(HQ), and forest recreation (RS). The trade-offs and synergies between them were explored, and the driving mechanism of ecosystem services was explained based on the partial least squares-structural equation model (PLS-SEM). The results revealed that: (1) during the study timeframe, the crop production witnessed a pronounced upward trajectory, whereas the carbon sequestration, habitat quality and forest recreation remained relatively stable. Notably, the low habitat quality area (HQ ≤ 0.3) has been expanding, with a growth rate of 29.4 %; (2) the most trade-offs were observed between crop production and other ecosystem services, among which the trade-off effect between crop production and habitat quality was the strongest, with the highest average proportion of trade-off area, reaching 57.8 %. Among the six ecosystem service pairs, two are in a state of deterioration: the crop production and forest recreation, the carbon sequestration and habitat quality; (3)topographic factors were identified as the primary drivers of crop production, carbon sequestration, and habitat quality, whereas forest recreation was chiefly influenced by landscape configuration factors. Land use intensity and landscape configuration played crucial intermediary roles, with socio-economic elements adversely impacting all four ecosystem services directly, yet significantly contributed to the crop production and carbon sequestration through Suppression Effects. The research endorses the combined utilization of lake area land to improve human welfare, based on the principle of protecting the primary services of various functional sub-regions.

A black tea quality testing method for scale production using CV and NIRS with TCN for spectral feature extraction

To rigorously assess black tea quality in large-scale production, this study introduces a multi-modal fusion approach integrating computer vision (CV) with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS). CV technology is first applied to evaluate the tea's appearance quality, while NIRS quantifies key chemical components, including tea polyphenols (TP), free amino acids (FAA), and caffeine (CAF). Additionally, different methods are employed to extract potential quality features from NIR spectra. The information are then fused, and a classifier is utilized to accurately identify tea quality. Results show that the Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) fused model achieves a 98.2 % accuracy rate, surpassing both the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) fused model and traditional methods. This study demonstrates that TCNs effectively extract spectral features and that data fusion significantly enhances tea quality testing, offering valuable insights for production optimization.

Ein Leistungsindex für den Standort Österreich

Abstract Within the scope of this study, a performance index consisting of 36 indicators was developed to measure the incentives and realizations of economic actors in an economy and to enable international comparisons. The index consists of two parts (incentives and realizations), based on six pillars and 12 carriers. With an index value of 56.1, Austria is in the upper half of the 18 countries compared. Austria stands out in terms of realized achievements (position 2), particularly regarding quality of life, productivity, resilience and sustainability. However, there is room for improvement in terms of incentives (position 7). Historically, there has been a downward trend.

Matched Comparison Examining the Effect of Obesity on Clinical, Economic, and Humanistic Outcomes in Patients with BipolarI Disorder.

BipolarI disorder (BD-I) is associated with an increased risk of obesity, but few studies have evaluated the real-world clinical, humanistic, and economic effects associated with obesity in people with BD-I. This was a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of responses to the 2016 and 2020 National Health and Wellness surveys. Respondents (18-64years) with a self-reported physician diagnosis of BD-I were matched to controls without BD-I based on demographic and health characteristics. Respondents were categorized by body mass index as underweight/normal weight (< 25kg/m2), overweight (25 to < 30kg/m2), or obese (≥ 30kg/m2). Multivariable regression models were used to compare obesity-related comorbidities, healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), health-related quality of life (HRQoL), work productivity, and indirect and direct costs. Before matching, the BD-I cohort was younger than the non-BD-I cohort and included more female and white respondents and a greater proportion covered by Medicaid or Medicare. After matching, the BD-I and non-BD-I cohorts had similar characteristics. A total of 5418 respondents (BD-I, n = 1806; matched controls, n = 3612) were analyzed. Obese respondents with BD-I reported the highest adjusted prevalences of high blood pressure (50%), high cholesterol (35%), sleep apnea (27%), osteoarthritis (17%), type2 diabetes (12%), and liver disease (4%). Obesity in respondents with BD-I was associated with the lowest HRQoL scores. Measures of work impairment were highest in respondents with BD-I and obesity, as was HCRU. Respondents with BD-I and obesity had the highest associated total indirect and direct medical costs ($25,849 and $44,482, respectively). Obese respondents with BD-I had greater frequencies of obesity-related comorbidities, higher HCRU, lower HRQoL, greater work impairments, and higher indirect and direct medical costs. These findings highlight the real-world burden of obesity in people with BD-I and the importance of considering treatments that may reduce this burden.