Quality Of Primary Health Care Research Articles

Change in avoidable hospitalizations for low-income elders following quasi-market reform in primary care – Evidence from a natural experiment in Sweden

Quasi-market reforms have been increasingly implemented in tax-funded health care, but their effects in terms of equity, quality and socioeconomic differentials in quality remain sparsely studied.We create a natural experiment setup exploiting the differential timing of a set of quasi-market reforms – including patient choice, free establishment of providers and changes in provider remuneration –, implemented in primary care in the two largest Swedish regions (Stockholm and Västra Götaland) in 2008–2009. Using a database with individual level data from 2005 to 2009, we construct a difference-in-difference-in-differences model that compares pre to post reform changes in avoidable hospitalizations (AHs) for low-income elders and a matched comparison group, in the region exposed to, versus unexposed to, reform (total N ∼ 200 000).The results show that for low-income elders – a group dominated by older women – reform led to higher AH rates, i.e., worse primary health care quality, than what would have been the case in absence of reform. Specifically, low-income elders exposed to reform missed out on improvements in AHs seen simultaneously in the unexposed region. At the same time, the reform had on average no effect for comparable, non-low-income, peers. The fact that this pattern was specific for avoidable hospitalizations – judged as amenable to interventions in primary care –, but not present for total hospitalizations, supports that it was driven by reform implementation rather than other factors.The study contributes with high-quality empirical evidence to a policy relevant but sparsely researched area and highlights the necessity to consider differential effects of organizational changes across socioeconomic groups.

Evaluating Primary Healthcare Quality from Migrants and Refugees' Viewpoint.

The likelihood of poor health outcomes for refugees is increased due to a variety of complicated causes. Lack of access to high-quality care during resettlement is frequently cited by migrants. Therefore, this study was carried out to assess the quality of primary care services from the perspective of refugees and migrants. This cross-sectional study was conducted in three health networks affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2021. Data were collected by using a self-administrative questionnaire, the validity and reliability of which were checked and confirmed. The questionnaires were randomly completed by 280 migrants and refugees. Data were analyzed by using Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, Spearman correlation, exploratory factor analysis, and Cronbach's α with SPSS 22. According to the results, the overall service quality was 3.86 out of 5. The highest and lowest mean scores were related to efficiency (4.12 ±0.64) and tangibility (3.28 ±0.39). Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between the perception of service quality and gender, education, residence area, and the rate of center visits (P < 0.05). The quality of services was generally rated favorably by the refugees. Managers and decision-makers are recommended to allocate enough funds to equip and upgrade the amenities at health centers to increase the quality of services.

Impact of primary care coverage on hospital admissions for conditions sensitive to primary care in the municipality of Rio Verde – GO

The indicator Hospitalizations for Causes Sensitive to Primary Care (ICSAP) has been used as an indicator of access and quality of primary health care, and its high rates have been correlated with deficiencies in service coverage or an inadequate resolution capacity of primary care for certain basic health problems, The study was carried out with the objective of characterizing the rates of hospital admissions for causes sensitive to primary care in the city of Rio Verde – GO, as well as describing its historical series and verifying the impact of Primary Care coverage, in period from 2008 to 2018. Ecological time series study, whose data were collected from the Hospital Admissions System of the Unified Health System, based on the Brazilian List of Admissions for Conditions Sensitive to Primary Care. For data analysis, the research was divided into two axes: clinical-epidemiological and demographic aspects. The causes of hospitalizations for conditions sensitive to primary care were based on the list from the Ministry of Health. It was concluded that hospitalizations for conditions sensitive to primary care showed a reduction, while the coverage of primary care and the health strategy teams of the family, an increase was observed throughout the period analyzed. The three main groups with the highest percentage of hospitalizations for conditions sensitive to primary care were infectious gastroenteritis, followed by heart failure and lung diseases.

The association of family doctor contract service and patient trust in doctor: evidence from twenty-five village clinics of three counties in rural China

BackgroundChina is implementing the family doctor (FD) system to reform the primary healthcare (PHC). The family doctor contract service (FDCS) policy plays a crucial role in this system implementation, aiming to transform the doctor-patient relationship and enhance PHC quality. This study aims to investigate the impact of FDCS on the doctor-patient relationship in PHCs using field research methodology.MethodThe field research methodology was employed to address the research questions. Quantitative methods were utilized for data collection and analysis. A structure questionnaire was used to collect data based on the research questions. Our investigation encompassed twenty-five village clinics across three counties in China. A total of 574 subjects helped us to finish this investigation in the study. The collected data was analyzed using statistical analysis including ordinary least squares (OLS) model and propensity scores matching model (PSM) to estimate the relationship.ResultThe findings from ordinary least squares (OLS) regression revealed that FDCS had a positive influence on patient trust in doctors within PHCs, with patients who participated the FDCS exhibiting higher levels of trust compared to those who did not participate. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis further confirmed these results by accounting for selection bias.ConclusionsThe implementation of family doctor contract service has brought about significant transformation in the doctor-patient relationship within rural Chinese PHCs. In essence, it has revolutionized the service model of doctor in PHC, playing a pivotal role in improving primary health quality and enhance the service capability of doctors in PHC. This transformative process has been crucial for carrying out hierarchical diagnosis and treatment policy, which aims to adjust the medical service structure and optimizing the health service system. Therefore, it is imperative for government authorities and health administration departments to ensure continuous support for this essential service through appropriate formulation.

An Explainable and Personalized Cognitive Reasoning Model Based on Knowledge Graph: Toward Decision Making for General Practice.

General practice plays a prominent role in primary health care (PHC). However, evidence has shown that the quality of PHC is still unsatisfactory, and the accuracy of clinical diagnosis and treatment must be improved in China. Decision making tools based on artificial intelligence can help general practitioners diagnose diseases, but most existing research is not sufficiently scalable and explainable. An explainable and personalized cognitive reasoning model based on knowledge graph (CRKG) proposed in this article can provide personalized diagnosis, perform decision making in general practice, and simulate the mode of thinking of human beings utilizing patients' electronic health records (EHRs) and knowledge graph. Taking abdominal diseases as the application point, an abdominal disease knowledge graph is first constructed in a semiautomated manner. Then, the CRKG designed referring to dual process theory in cognitive science involves the update strategy of global graph representations and reasoning on a personal cognitive graph by adopting the idea of graph neural networks and attention mechanisms. For the diagnosis of diseases in general practice, the CRKG outperforms all the baselines with a precision@1 of 0.7873, recall@10 of 0.9020 and hits@10 of 0.9340. Additionally, the visualization of the reasoning process for each visit of a patient based on the knowledge graph enhances clinicians' comprehension and contributes to explainability. This study is of great importance for the exploration and application of decision making based on EHRs and knowledge graph.

Myriad untold stories unfolding daily: South Africa's pursuit of quality primary health care.

No abstract available.

Quality of primary health care for chronic diseases in low-resource settings: Evidence from a comprehensive study in rural China.

There is a paucity of evidence regarding the definition of the quality of primary health care (PHC) in China. This study aims to evaluate the PHC quality for chronic diseases in rural areas based on a modified conceptual framework tailored to the context of rural China. This comprehensive study, involving a patient survey, a provider survey and chart abstraction, and second-hand registered data, was set in three low-resource counties in rural China from 2021 to 2022. Rural patients with hypertension or type 2 diabetes, and health care workers providing care on hypertension or diabetes were involved. The modified PHC quality framework encompasses three core domains: a competent PHC system (comprehensiveness, accessibility, continuity, and coordination), effective clinical care (assessment, diagnosis, treatment, disease management, and provider competence), and positive user experience (information sharing, shared decision-making, respect for patient's preferences, and family-centeredness). Standardized PHC quality score was generated by arithmetic means or Rasch models of Item Response Theory. This study included 1355 patients, 333 health care providers and 2203 medical records. Ranging from 0 (the worst) to 1 (the best), the average quality score for the PHC system was 0.718, with 0.887 for comprehensiveness, 0.781 for accessibility, 0.489 for continuity, and 0.714 for coordination. For clinical care, average quality was 0.773 for disease assessment, 0.768 for diagnosis, 0.677 for treatment, 0.777 for disease management, and 0.314 for provider competence. The average quality for user experience was 0.727, with 0.933 for information sharing, 0.657 for shared decision-making, 0.936 for respect for patients' preferences, and 0.382 for family-centeredness. The differences in quality among population subgroups, although statistically significant, were small. The PHC quality in rural China has shown strengths and limitations. We identified large gaps in continuity of care, treatment, provider competence, family-centeredness, and shared decision-making. Policymakers should invest more effort in addressing these gaps to improve PHC quality.

Quality of primary health care for older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a qualidade da atenção primária à saúde voltada para pessoas idosas, durante a pandemia de covid-19, por meio de estudos de avaliação de serviços de saúd Método Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura. A busca de artigos abrangeu as bases de dados Web of Science, Embase, Scopus e Medline/Pubmed. Foram incluídos artigos científicos originais, com desenho, caso-controle ou seccional, população contendo pessoas idosas, objeto do estudo atenção primária à saúde e estudos sobre a qualidade dos serviços de saúde. Os critérios de exclusão adotados foram: estudos sem análise específica para idosos, estudos de avaliação do acesso ou avaliação econômica da saúde. A análise do risco de viés foi realizada de acordo com os protocolos JBI e a síntese de dados foi realizada com as diretrizes SWiM. Resultados Foram incluídos na revisão sete estudos. Os serviços de atenção primária avaliados foram, em sua maioria, ambulatoriais, com parâmetros de avaliação da qualidade diversos, relacionados ao cuidado individual. A avaliação da qualidade identificou diminuição de consultas e visitas presenciais e aumento do uso de telessaúde, com boa avaliação da satisfação por pessoas idos Conclusão Os estudos evidenciaram as dificuldades na manutenção e no acesso aos serviços presenciais durante a pandemia de covid-19, o que impactou diretamente na redução da oferta de consultas e exames, na utilização e acesso aos serviços de saúde e na qualidade da assistência à saúde na atenção primária.

The quality of primary health care: assessment of the state and ways of improvement (results of a sociological study)

The quality of primary health care: assessment of the state and ways of improvement (results of a sociological study)

Selection of primary health care quality indicators in Europe: A Delphi study protocol.

To describe a protocol to achieve consensus on valid and important indicators to assess primary health care (PHC) quality regarding all clinical contexts of PHC in European health systems. Qualitative study using the Delphi technique to gain consensus among European panels of experts comprising a heterogeneous professional background. Potential candidate indicators were extracted and translated according to a set of informative elements (i.e., name, description, formula, unit of analysis, and sources). This list was then independently reviewed, and duplicates were removed totaling 1726 indicators. To guarantee a good response rate, indicators were distributed across 57 Delphi panels organized by clinical context. Each panel is a Delphi process, assessing between 23 to 33 indicators. Experts' opinions on the validity and importance of the extracted indicators will be obtained through two rounds of online questionnaires, using a 9-point Likert scale and free-text boxes. To prevent biased responses, participation will be anonymous to other participants and to the team administrating panels. Consensus will be considered if at least 70% of ratings (≥7 assuming 10 participants) lie within the 7-9 range and less than 15% of ratings (<2 assuming 10 participants) are in the 1-3 range. Analysis of results will be streamlined and generalizable across panels using scripts. This protocol will contribute to improve the quality of PHC in Europe by achieving a consensual and concise list of PHC quality indicators retrieved from the scientific literature that fit current clinical guidelines and populations' needs in countries from the European region according to the World Health Organization.

Continuity of care in general practice in Norway.

Maintaining continuity of care between doctors and patients is considered a fundamental aspect of quality in primary healthcare. In this study, we aim to examine continuity in Norway over time by computing two commonly used indicators of continuity: the St Leonard's Index of Continuity of Care (SLICC) and the Usual Provider of Care Index (UPC). We employ individual-level data, which covers all primary care consultations. This data includes the identities of each patient and physician, and we can identify each patient's regular general practitioner (GP). The SLICC is calculated as the share of consultations conducted by the patient's regular GP annually from 2006 to 2021. Additionally, we identify each patient's most visited physician and compute the UPC as the share of total consultations conducted by the most visited physician during the same period. Our analysis is conducted at the national level and stratified according to the level of centrality, differentiating between areas of high, moderate, and low centrality. Our findings reveal that, at the national level, SLICC and UPC exhibit remarkable stability, reaching 64 and 71 percent, respectively, in 2021. However, there is significant geographical variation, with the least central areas experiencing less continuous healthcare (SLICC at 49 percent in 2021) than patients residing in more central areas (SLICC at 68 in 2021). Our results demonstrate a high degree of continuity that has been stable over time. However, large geographical variations suggest that policymakers should strive to reduce geographical disparities in healthcare quality.

Qualidade da atenção primária à saúde da pessoa idosa durante a pandemia da covid-19: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract Objective To evaluate the quality of primary healthcare services for older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic through studies evaluating health services. Method A systematic literature review was conducted. The search for articles covered the databases Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Medline/Pubmed. Original scientific articles with a case-control or cross-sectional design, involving populations that included older adults, focusing on primary healthcare, and assessing the quality of health services were included. Exclusion criteria were studies without specific analysis for older adults, studies evaluating health access or economic evaluation of health. The risk of bias analysis was conducted according to JBI protocols, and data synthesis was performed using SWiM guidelines. Results Seven studies were included in the review. The primary care services evaluated were mostly outpatient, with diverse quality assessment parameters related to individual care. The evaluation of quality identified a decrease in in-person consultations and visits, and an increase in the use of telehealth, with good satisfaction ratings among older adults. Conclusion The studies highlighted the difficulties maintaining and accessing in-person services during the COVID-19 pandemic, which directly contributed to a reduction in consultations and exams, usage of and access to health services, and the quality of primary healthcare.

Unmet need for healthcare in the Russian Federation: subnational retrospective modelling analysis (2014–2018)

IntroductionUnmet need for healthcare is a proxy indicator used to assess the performance of healthcare systems throughout the world. While the Russian Federation is committed to improving healthcare for its...

Application of SWOT Analysis to Assess Supervision of Primary Health Care Quality in Kosovo: A Qualitative Study

Application of SWOT Analysis to Assess Supervision of Primary Health Care Quality in Kosovo: A Qualitative Study

An assessment of primary health care costs and resource requirements in Kaduna and Kano, Nigeria.

The availability of quality primary health care (PHC) services in Nigeria is limited. The PHC system faces significant challenges and the improvement and expansion of PHC services is constrained by low government spending on health, especially on PHC. Out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures dominate health spending in Nigeria and the reliance on OOP payments leads to financial burdens on the poorest and most vulnerable populations. To address these challenges, the Nigerian government has implemented several legislative and policy reforms, including the National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA) Act enacted in 2022 to make health insurance mandatory for all Nigerian citizens and residents. Our study aimed to determine the costs of providing PHC services at public health facilities in Kaduna and Kano, Nigeria. We compared the actual PHC service delivery costs to the normative costs of delivering the Minimum Service Package (MSP) in the two states. We collected primary data from 50 health facilities (25 per state), including PHC facilities-health posts, health clinics, health centers-and general hospitals. Data on facility-level recurrent costs were collected retrospectively for 2019 to estimate economic costs from the provider's perspective. Statewide actual costs were estimated by extrapolating the PHC cost estimates at sampled health facilities, while normative costs were derived using standard treatment protocols (STPs) and the populations requiring PHC services in each state. We found that average actual PHC costs per capita at PHC facilities-where most PHC services should be provided according to government guidelines-ranged from US$ 18.9 to US$ 28 in Kaduna and US$ 15.9 to US$ 20.4 in Kano, depending on the estimation methods used. When also considering the costs of PHC services provided at general hospitals-where approximately a third of PHC services are delivered in both states-the actual per capita costs of PHC services ranged from US$ 20 to US$ 30.6 in Kaduna and US$ 17.8 to US$ 22 in Kano. All estimates of actual PHC costs per capita were markedly lower than the normative per capita costs of delivering quality PHC services to all those who need them, projected at US$ 44.9 in Kaduna and US$ 49.5 in Kano. Bridging this resource gap would require significant increases in expenditures on PHC in both states. These results can provide useful information for ongoing discussions on the implementation of the NHIA Act including the refinement of provider payment strategies to ensure that PHC providers are remunerated fairly and that they are incentivized to provide quality PHC services.

The Comprehensive Primary Care Plus Model and Health Care Spending, Service Use, and Quality

Implemented in 18 regions, Comprehensive Primary Care Plus (CPC+) was the largest US primary care delivery model ever tested. Understanding its association with health outcomes is critical in designing future transformation models. To test whether CPC+ was associated with lower health care spending and utilization and improved quality of care. Difference-in-differences regression models compared changes in outcomes between the year before CPC+ and 5 intervention years for Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries attributed to CPC+ and comparison practices. Participants included 1373 track 1 (1 549 585 beneficiaries) and 1515 track 2 (5 347 499 beneficiaries) primary care practices that applied to start CPC+ in 2017 and met minimum care delivery and other eligibility requirements. Comparison groups included 5243 track 1 (5 347 499 beneficiaries) and 3783 track 2 (4 507 499 beneficiaries) practices, matched, and weighted to have similar beneficiary-, practice-, and market-level characteristics as CPC+ practices. Two-track design involving enhanced (higher for track 2) and alternative payments (track 2 only), care delivery requirements (greater for track 2), data feedback, learning, and health information technology support. The prespecified primary outcome was annualized Medicare Part A and B expenditures per beneficiary per month (PBPM). Secondary outcomes included expenditure categories, utilization (eg, hospitalizations), and claims-based quality-of-care process and outcome measures (eg, recommended tests for patients with diabetes and unplanned readmissions). Among the CPC+ patients, 5% were Black, 3% were Hispanic, 87% were White, and 5% were of other races (including Asian/Other Pacific Islander and American Indian); 85% of CPC+ patients were older than 65 years and 58% were female. CPC+ was associated with no discernible changes in the total expenditures (track 1: $1.1 PBPM [90% CI, -$4.3 to $6.6], P = .74; track 2: $1.3 [90% CI, -$5 to $7.7], P = .73), and with increases in expenditures including enhanced payments (track 1: $13 [90% CI, $7 to $18], P < .001; track 2: $24 [90% CI, $18 to $31], P < .001). Among secondary outcomes, CPC+ was associated with decreases in emergency department visits starting in year 1, and in acute hospitalizations and acute inpatient expenditures in later years. Associations were more favorable for practices also participating in the Medicare Shared Savings Program and independent practices. CPC+ was not associated with meaningful changes in claims-based quality-of-care measures. Although the timing of the associations of CPC+ with reduced utilization and acute inpatient expenditures was consistent with the theory of change and early focus on episodic care management of CPC+, CPC+ was not associated with a reduction in total expenditures over 5 years. Positive interaction between CPC+ and the Shared Savings Program suggests transformation models might be more successful when provider cost-reduction incentives are aligned across specialties. Further adaptations and testing of primary care transformation models, as well as consideration of the larger context in which they operate, are needed.

Quality of antenatal care in primary health care in Brazil: a latent class analysis

Abstract Background Adequate antenatal care (ANC) is fundamental in preventing maternal and neonatal mortality. Developing indicators for assessing the ANC quality in Primary Health Care (PHC) is essential. Objective To characterize subgroups of quality of care with respect to ANC at the PHC level in Brazil. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study with data from the first Brazil’s National Program for Improving Primary Care Access and Quality (PMAQ-AB) Cycle (2011–2012). A total of 16 566 PHC teams participated in the first cycle of the PMAQ-AB, corresponding to 49.6% of the teams active across Brazil, distributed across 69.3% of Brazilian municipalities. To assess the quality of ANC, six indicators were defined: ‘Group of medicines,’ ‘Protocols and patient flows,’ ‘Record-keeping practices,’ ‘ANC routine tests,’ ‘Protocols for early detection of pregnant women and ANC provision,’ and ‘Identification and ANC of low/high-risk pregnancies.’ Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was carried out to characterize the quality of care provided by PHC teams according to these six indicators. Results ‘Identification and ANC of low/high-risk pregnancies’ indicator had the highest percentage of teams providing adequate care (39.5%), while ‘ANC routine tests’ had the lowest percentage (16.8%). The LCA identified three classes, and 20.5% of PHC teams had the probability of belonging to the class denominated ‘High adequacy.’ Conclusion Using a national PHC-level dataset, we evaluated PHC teams’ ANC adequacy through six indicators. Brazilian PHC teams consistently show weaknesses across these indicators, particularly in essential care. This approach can guide global initiatives to evaluate the quality of ANC.

Quality Control in Primary Healthcare in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review

Introduction: The quality of primary healthcare is crucial for ensuring efficient and effective patient care, particularly in rapidly evolving healthcare systems like that of Saudi Arabia. With ongoing reforms aimed at improving healthcare delivery, there is a pressing need to assess the state of quality control within primary healthcare settings. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various quality control interventions implemented in primary healthcare centers in Saudi Arabia, focusing on their impact on patient care and system efficiency. Methods: The review strictly included interventional studies and clinical trials published in the last years up to 2022, employing a comprehensive search across multiple databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Inclusion criteria were set to consider only studies that directly addressed quality control measures within primary healthcare settings in Saudi Arabia, with clear intervention and outcome measures. The analysis synthesized data on the types of interventions, sample sizes, and effectiveness, including risk ratios and percentage improvements with their confidence intervals. Results: Seven studies were included, revealing a range of interventions from EHR implementations to provider training programs and patient feedback systems. Key findings include a 55% reduction in medication errors following EHR system implementation, a 35% increase in compliance with national quality standards post-provider training, a 20% increase in patient satisfaction with the introduction of patient feedback systems, and a 30% improvement in patient outcomes from clinical guideline updates for chronic disease management. Conclusions: The review demonstrates that targeted interventions can significantly enhance quality control in primary healthcare settings in Saudi Arabia, with notable improvements in medication accuracy, compliance with quality standards, patient satisfaction, and clinical outcomes. These findings highlight the potential of comprehensive, integrated quality control measures to advance patient care and healthcare system efficiency.

Association between hospitalizations for sensitive conditions and quality of primary care.

To analyze the association between municipal rates of ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) hospitalization and the quality of primary health care (PHC), socioeconomic, and demographic variables and those related to local characteristics of the health system from 2010 to 2019. Ecological time series study in Brazilian municipalities analyzing the correlation of ACSC hospitalization rates with PHC quality measured by the three cycles of the Primary Care Access and Program for improving primary care access and quality (PMAQ-AB). The study included municipalities whose teams participated in 80% or more of at least two PMAQ-AB cycles. The correlation between standardized ACSC hospitalization rates and PHC quality and other variables was analyzed. Spearman's test was used between the response variable and numerical explanatory variables. Generalized equations estimation was used as a multivariate model associating ACSC hospitalization rates with the other variables over the years. A total of 3,500 municipalities were included in the models. The quality of PHC (PMAQ-AB score) showed an inverse association with the variation in ACSC hospitalization rates. Hospitalization rates fell by -2% per year every ten-point increase in the PMAQ-AB score, adjusted by the remaining variables. A one-unit increase in the beds per 1,000 inhabitants variable had an impact of approximately +6.4% on ACSC hospitalization rates. Regarding population size, larger municipalities had lower ACSC hospitalization rates. Increased PHC coverage and lower socioeconomic inequality were also associated with the reduction in hospitalizations. The reduction in ACSC hospitalization rates over time was associated with an increase in the quality of PHC. It was also associated with a reduction in the number of hospital beds and municipalities with better socioeconomic indicators.

Availability and quality of primary health care in the compulsory health insurance system in Kazakhstan

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Aim&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;To evaluate patient satisfaction with primary healthcare services and determine effectiveness indicators within Kazakhstan&amp;#039;s compulsory health insurance system.&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Methods&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;An analytical observational study with cross-examination was conducted in Kazakhstan&amp;#039;s primary healthcare (PHC) organizations. Patient satisfaction was assessed through a 35-item closed-question questionnaire. An analysis of stimulating component result indicators for per capital standard financing in PHC organizations based on their achieved outcomes was performed.&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Results&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;Among surveyed patients, 54.0% (1.80&amp;amp;plusmn;1.108) expressed complete satisfaction with medical care, while 59.4%&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;(1.82&amp;amp;plusmn;1.269) perceived laboratory tests as readily accessible. Notably, males exhibited higher satisfaction levels with medical care and the availability of laboratory tests compared to females. The city polyclinics № 3 and № 14 in Almaty, Kazakhstan, achieved significant performance indicators, resulting in a 1.1-fold increase in the incentive component of per capital funding.&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Conclusion&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;Within the framework of compulsory health insurance, primary healthcare organizations in Kazakhstan offer affordable and effective medical care, as attested by surveyed patients and the final result indicators of the polyclinics.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;