Merchandise Quality Research Articles

Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Konsumen Atas Produk Pangan Kemasan Yang Tidak Memiliki Label

Introduction: The expiry date of a food and beverage product in the form of the date, month and year of storage of the food and beverage product is printed on the packaging label which is intended to inform consumers about the product consumed. Includes expiration dates that are useful to consumers, retailers, sellers and manufacturers. Adding expiration dates to food gives consumers clear information about product safety, allows traders and sellers to manage inventory of traded products, and allows manufacturers to know the product warranty period after it has been produced.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of writing carried out by the author is to find out the effect of consumer buying interest on packaged food products that do not have labels and to know and explain how consumers protect packaged food products that do not have labels.Methods of the Research: The research method used by the author in this study is normative juridical where research is carried out to obtain data through library studies, namely various literature and scientific materials, brochures and so on.Results of the Research: The results of the study indicate that packaging can influence consumer interest in buying. If we look at it now, it's not only the large food industry products that are starting to intensively create attractive packaging innovations, this has also begun to be followed by MSME business actors or home industries. Labels help consumers to obtain product information for the benefit and welfare of consumers. With this packaged information, it will reduce the losses that consumers get. The benefit of including the correct label or information on the package is to provide knowledge to the parties concerned with the item. With this article to protect consumers, in order to balance the potential awareness that is built in the relationship between business actors and consumers. And to improve the quality and quality of merchandise properly

Modeling the number of clothing merchandise returned through online shopping using a mixture of Poisson distribution: an interdisciplinary approach

Background: Online shopping has witnessed a significant surge in popularity owing to its accessibility and convenience. The rise of online shopping has revolutionized the retail industry, with clothing purchases garnering a dedicated following. However, a persistent challenge in internet purchasing lies in the uncertainty surrounding the fit, appearance, and quality of clothing merchandise. As a result, customers often resort to returning items that fail to meet their expectations or differ from the website's descriptions. In this study, we aim to address this issue by proposing a novel approach to model the number of items returned through online purchases. Specifically, we employ a mixture of Poisson distribution to capture the complexities of the return process and its underlying factors. Methods: A mixture of Poisson distribution is employed to model the uncertainties in online clothing returns. The approach aims to capture the complexities of the return process and its underlying factors, providing valuable insights for e-commerce businesses to optimize operations and enhance customer satisfaction. Results: The findings of this study have the potential to shed light on the reasons behind increased return rates, offering e-commerce businesses valuable information to optimize their operations and enhance customer satisfaction. Conclusions: Poisson distribution is capable of analyzing the hidden patterns in the data, and hence the results of the study are beneficial for various stakeholders, including statisticians, e-commerce firms, and app developers.

Athlete apparel: the impact of team brand awareness and apparel brand awareness on athletes' brands, logos, and merchandise

PurposeBranded merchandise and licensed apparel comprise a substantial portion of revenue for many organizations and public figures that choose to employ such an endeavor. Endorsement deals with apparel manufacturers have historically been utilized for athletes looking to supplement their salaries and establish greater brand awareness. However, as some athletes establish ownership of their logo and become less reliant on companies such as Nike and Adidas for merchandise distribution, assessing the influence of various entity's logos on the athlete brand has become worthy of analysis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence that cobranded merchandise has on consumers when the athlete logo is displayed next to another team or manufacturer logo.Design/methodology/approachUsing an online panel and survey, a final sample of 127 participants completed a questionnaire to examine their attitudes towards various athlete brand elements. ANCOVA's and MANCOVA's were utilized to assess significant findings, holding the variable of identification constant.FindingsThe results revealed that only the perceptions of merchandise quality significantly varied between an athlete brand and an apparel manufacturer (i.e. Nike) co-brand. The findings indicate that athletes should look to co-brand with high brand awareness manufacturers, and that there is no significant difference between consumers' perceptions of athlete brands when co-branding with team brands.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies to evaluate the relationship between the athlete brand and external entities from a consumer perspective.

The Effectiveness of Service Delivery in Fast Moving Consumer Goods Supply Value Chain: A Case Study of Brands Africa Zambia Limited Company

The study focused on analysing the effectiveness of service delivery in fast moving goods supply chains taking Brands Africa as a case study. Some observed supply chain related challenges of Brands Africa that included lower sales volume, high volume of product returns, sale of some expired products out of stock of some product lines and high prices of some merchandise made the study to be mandatory. A pragmatic research paradigm was used in collecting data from a cross-sectional survey sample of 87 respondents and a case study sample of 5 research participants using a survey questionnaire and an in-depth interview guide as research instruments, respectively. The study concluded that supplier contact was strongest on communication with suppliers, importing goods to Zambia and good relationships with suppliers. The study showed Brands Africa had good advertising and merchandising services, and effective marketing research activities in its supply chains The study established that quality of merchandise high, and market image and reputation of Brands Africa was high, and that inventory management, price of merchandise and efficiency of supply chains needed improvement. The study also concluded that there is a significant relationship between supplier contact and marketing contact activities of Brands Africa with the overall satisfaction of its stakeholders. The research recommends Brands Africa to upgrade its product, financial, information and social with its suppliers, transporters, wholesalers and retailers. The study will also guide managers on cost cutting ways, quality management, ensuring efficient operations and maintaining positive image of Brands Africa. The study recommended Brands Africa’s on policy issues like quality of merchandise, quantity of merchandise, price range of merchandise, delivery schedules and communication systems will be improved. The researcher recommends another research to be carried out at national level covering supply chain of other fast-moving consumer goods companies and also considering more independent variables.

An Analysis of the Development and Marketing Strategy of Art Merchandise in Art Museums

There have been many limitations and lags in the commercial operation of public art institutions, while art merchandise is an important business for the commercial operation and profitability of art museums. How to make profits in the market while still building an art brand image has been the priority for art museum operators to think and study. This paper examines the new experiences and innovative initiatives of public art museums in the art merchandising business through the case of the National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, Korea (MMCA). First, through the experience of operating art merchandise at the MMCA, it is found that a sound archival management of art museums is conducive to boost the quality and diversity of art merchandise and to dominating the market. Secondly, the production of high-quality digital content and its display on the visited web pages are favorable to increase online sales, raise profits and advertise the brand at the same time.

Utilitarian and/or hedonic shopping – consumer motivation to purchase in smart stores

PurposeRecently, smart retail technology has emerged as an innovative technology that can improve consumer motivation and behavior in smart stores. Although prior studies have investigated factors influencing the adoption of smart retail technology, to the authors’ knowledge, no previous work has investigated the determinants of purchase intentions. The ultimate goal for retailers should be shopping, not technology adoption. However, traditional brick-and-mortar stores and theories focus on investing in utilitarian factors to attract customers. This study proposes that hedonic motivation should also play an important role, as new technologies may arouse customer curiosity and increase pleasant experiences. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore utilitarian and hedonic motivations that promote customers' purchase; intentions in smart stores. Specifically, the authors address the research questions: (1) What are the constituents of utilitarian motivation? (2) What are the constituents of hedonic motivation? (3) What are the factors that influence customers' purchase intentions? By answering the questions, the findings help retailers understand how to motivate customers to make purchases in smart stores.Design/methodology/approachTo investigate consumer motivation and purchase intentions, the customers who made purchases in smart stores were invited to participate in the questionnaire survey. This study collected 307 data in smart retail settings. Partial least squares (PLS) software was used to assess the reliability, validity and the paths and significance of all hypotheses.FindingsThe results show that perceived ease of use directly and indirectly influences purchase intentions through utilitarian and hedonic motivations. Utilitarian motivation is a formative second-order construct comprised of merchandise price, merchandise quality, location convenience, speed of shopping and product recommendation. Hedonic motivation is a reflective second-order construct composed of control, curiosity, joy, focused immersion and temporal dissociation. The findings provide insights into the successful implementation of smart retail technology and offer retailers to better understand consumer motivation and purchase intentions in smart stores.Originality/valueThis study is the first to examine how consumer motivation influences purchase intentions in smart stores. This study posits and verifies the extended hedonic system acceptance model (HSAM) to explain consumer motivation for shopping in smart retail settings. This study also models the original first-order utilitarian and hedonic constructs as second-order formative and reflective constructs, respectively. Utilitarian motivation regarding functional benefits is developed based on the 5Ps of marketing and situational factors, while hedonic motivation regarding pleasant experiences is proposed based on cognitive absorption.

Smears, Laughs, and Barnyard Hokum: Early Jazz Trombone and the Problem of Novelty

Smears, Laughs, and Barnyard Hokum: Early Jazz Trombone and the Problem of Novelty

Evaluating Online Products Using Text Mining: A Reliable Evidence-Based Approach

To address the uncertainty about the quality of online merchandise, e-commerce sites often provide product review ranking services to help customers make purchasing decisions. Such services can be very useful, but they are not necessarily reliable when the ranking results are based on ratings without considering their reliability. In this paper, we propose a reliable evidence-based approach to online product evaluation by using text mining to analyze product reviews while taking into account the reliability of each review. We parse the product reviews and classify the opinion orientations for each recognized product feature as positive or negative. Then, we weigh the classified opinion orientations by their reliability and use them as independent evidence to calculate the belief values of the product using Dempster–Shafer (DS) theory. Based on the belief values of a list of similar products, we can calculate their product effectiveness and cost-effectiveness values for product ranking. The case studies show that our approach can greatly help customers make better decisions when choosing the right online products.

Signaling the Store Attributes on Customer Store Loyalty mediated through Hedonic, Social and Utilitarian Customer Values

Developing customer loyalty is the primary objective for retailers. Price pressures faced by the developing economies leave a small margin for retailers. Increasing the frequency and repeat purchases can help retailers to increase their profit margins. Customers can only be retained if they are loyal. This research is carried out to understand the dynamics underlying the store attributes and customer loyalty. It has examined the impact of Store attributes on Customer Store Loyalty mediated through Customer Value. In this research, a sample of 300 customers was taken from two departmental stores, particularly, Chase Up and Imtiaz. This study has taken 3 Store attributes; Store Atmosphere, Merchandise Quality, and Relationship Marketing and assessed their impact on Store Loyalty mediated through 3 types of Customer Values; Hedonic, Social and Utilitarian. Structural equation modeling was carried out using the Partial Least Squares method in SMART-PLS software. The results showed that Merchandise Quality, Relationship Marketing and Store Atmosphere impact Store Loyalty mediated through Hedonic and Utilitarian Values. Social Value is not significant and does play a role in creating Loyalty. The study concludes by identifying gaps in the literature and recommending practical and theoretical implications for the same.

The effects of retail environmental design elements in virtual reality (VR) fashion stores

ABSTRACT The main objective of this study is to understand the impacts of retail greenery and correlated color temperature in biophilic design on consumers’ emotions, perceptions (pleasure, arousal, perceived merchandise quality) and responses (satisfaction and purchase intentions) in virtual reality fashion stores. This study is a 2 × 2 experimental design. Retail greenery/non-retail greenery is a within-subjects design, while correlated color temperature (warm/cool) is a between-subjects design. Shopping orientations (utilitarian/hedonic) is examined as a moderator. 295 undergraduate US female students participated in this study. The results showed that consumers prefer a retail greenery application over a non-retail greenery application. Cool lighting creates higher arousal than warm lighting. There are significant interaction effects between a retail greenery application and correlated color temperature as well as moderating effects of shopping orientations (utilitarian/hedonic). Being the first to measure the combined effects of retail greenery and correlated color temperature on consumers’ responses in a 360-degree virtual reality fashion retail space, this study provides insights into how retailers strategically plan their use of biophilic design to improve the 3D Virtual Reality (VR) shopping experience.

Mathematical modeling for a multiproduct manufacturing system featuring postponement, external suppliers, overtime, and scrap

Manufacturing firms operating in today’s competitive global markets must continuously find the appropriate manufacturing scheme and strategies to effectively meet customer needs for various types of quality of merchandise under the constraints of short order lead-time and limited in-house capacity. Inspired by the offering of a decision-making model to aid smooth manufacturers’ operations, this study builds an analytical model to expose the influence of the outsourcing of common parts, postponement policies, overtime options, and random scrapped items on the optimal replenishment decision and various crucial system performance indices of the multiproduct problem. A two-stage fabrication scheme is presented to handle the products’ commonality and the uptime-reduced strategies to satisfy the short amount of time before the due dates of customers’ orders. A screening process helps identify and remove faulty items to ensure the finished lot’s anticipated quality. Mathematical derivation assists us in finding the manufacturing relevant total cost function. The differential calculus helps optimize the cost function and determine the optimal stock-replenishing rotation cycle policy. Lastly, a simulated numerical illustration helps validate our research result’s applicability and demonstrate the model’s capability to disclose the crucial managerial insights and facilitate manufacturing-relevant decision making.

QUALITY BY DESIGN APPROACH: REGULATORY NEED, CURRENT, AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVE

Quality by design (QbD) is utilized in the event of pharmaceutical processes to create certain predefined product quality. QbD ideas unit of measurement explained in International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) pointers Q8 (R1) (Pharmaceutical development), Q9 (Quality risk management [QRM]), and Q10 (Pharmaceutical quality system). ICH Q8 (R1) guideline defines QbD as “a systematic approach to develop that begins with predefined objectives and emphasizes product and methodology, understanding, and methodology management, supported sound science and QRM.” QbD approach studied the implications of various input variables (e.g. methodology parameters, and materials) of the merchandise development methodology, on the final word product (active pharmaceutical ingredient or drug product). The late QbD approach integrates the principles of QRM, and methodology analytical technology (PAT). QbD combined with methodology analytical technology (PAT) tools modify methodology management and increase assurance that the merchandise quality attributes unit of measurement achieved consistently. An integrated and risk-based approach for review of the merchandise development methodology is also a future need of the QbD plan. Although implementing the QbD approach is not a restrictive demand, restrictive agencies to supply flexibility in their pointers for producing that unit of measurement developed by the QbD approach. Rising trends embody the growing interest in quantifying and managing the impact of raw materials’ attributes variability of methodology and product, what is more, as a result of the event of retrospective QbD approaches in complement to simple QbD. Thus, the QbD approach is also a tool for developing worth effective and quality pharmaceutical products.

Terahertz signatures and quantitative analysis of glucose anhydrate and monohydrate mixture

Glucose, as the main energy carrier and significant source of nutrition, generally comes in two available forms of anhydrate and monohydrate in commercial production. Considering their respective application occasions, proper identification of glucose in single composition or binary-mixture and quantification of the mixture are crucial in industry monitoring to guarantee merchandise quality. Simultaneously, public confusions of glucose are rather ubiquitous partly due to anhydrate and monohydrate with identical white crystalline appearance. In this paper, utilizing the molecular fingerprints of terahertz (THz) technology that are corresponding to structural characteristics of anhydrous and hydrated form, THz signatures of glucose anhydrate, monohydrate and their mixture, as well as THz spectral transformation from monohydrate to anhydrate with the dehydrating process are systematically studied. Some visible peaks of monohydrate were noted at 1.82 and 1.99 THz signifying the presence of hydrated structure. However, with the dehydrating process, the peaks related to the hydrated structure are not very apparent when the peaks at 1.44 and 2.08 THz appear due to changes in the molecular structure of anhydrate, which provide clear indication for hydrogen-bond network reconstruction at the micro level. Furthermore, characteristic peaks at 1.44 and 1.82 THz can be specified as the main quantitative indicators for quantitative detection. The linear relationships between the amplitudes of characteristic peaks and the percentage compositions of anhydrate and monohydrate are revealed. Three commercially available brands of edible glucose powder A, B, C were effectively identified by THz signatures. While powder C was recognized as binary-mixture and the proportion of anhydrate and monohydrate was further quantified. THz spectroscopy technology has advantages of direct recognition, simple quantitative model based on THz absorption peaks, and no need for complicated chemical treatment. It may be potentially shed light on industrial monitoring of glucose production and other related mixture in the future.

Strength Properties of Concrete with M-Sand as Fine Aggregate Incorporating with Acrylic Fiber

The river sand is the natural sort of fine aggregate material which is employed within the concrete and mortar. It’s usually obtained from the river bed and mining has disastrous environment consequences. Rather than the river sand we are using M-sand as fine aggregate within the concrete. The event of acrylic concrete marks a crucial milestone in improving the merchandise quality and efficiency of the concrete. Usage of acrylic within the concrete will increase the strength and durability of the concrete. It enhances the performance of the concrete and increase energy absorption compared with plain concrete. Within the present work we are getting to analysis the strength properties of fiber reinforced M-sand concrete like compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, and bond strength.

Museums and Coping with Overtourism

Newer strains of tourism research are often aimed at finding out good practices for dealing with overtourism and propose a broader understanding of stakeholders of sustainable tourism development. Drawing on qualitative empirical findings from two institutions located in major tourism hubs in Poland, the authors inquire to what extent negative impacts of overtourism can be mitigated by museums. As the findings indicate, museums provide the commercial sector with good examples of conservation and adaptation of historic buildings to contemporary functions and encourage environmentally friendly behaviors. They can contribute to the quality of heritage narration and the quality of merchandise offered to tourists. They may have an impact on community cohesion and local residents’ quality of life as well as encourage immaterial heritage practices. Lastly, museums may exert indirect impact on transformations of urban space by getting involved in strategic planning and discussions on contemporary challenges of urban development.

Tomato Leaf Disease Detection using K-Means, SVM Classifier & Neural Networks

Agriculture is that the mainstay of the Indian economy. Nearly 56% of individuals depend on it & shares major a neighborhood of the Gross domestic product. Out of that tomato is one among the simplest common food crops in Asian nation. Diseases in crops wholly on the leaves affects on the reduction of every quality and quantity of agricultural merchandise. Perception of human eye is not such a great deal stronger so on observe minute variation inside the infected a part of leaf. Throughout this paper providing software package resolution to automatically observe and classify plant leaf diseases. Throughout this we have a tendency to area unit exploitation image method techniques to classify malady’s & quickly designation are administrated as per disease. This approach will enhance productivity of crops. Throughout this project four leaf diseases area unit supported. It includes several steps wise image acquisition, image pre-processing [9], segmentation, options extraction, K-means, neural network & SVM classification. The look and implementation of Otsu segmentation technologies area unit absolutely automatic and it provides accumulated productivity. For tremendous use of chemical and to scale back the economic loss, the identification of disease severity is main issue. Inside the context of sensible farming, we address the challenge of event IOT with Raspberry pi and sensors with image method to reinforce the efficiency of the agriculture.

A Study on ‘Consumer Buying Behavior Towards the Green Marketing Practices’

Green marketing is one of every of the simplest ways that is employed by the organization to make or to form a complete image within the minds of the client. It’s very useful technique to save the environment for the future. Green marketing came into existence in 80s that is outlined as selling the merchandise in environmentally friendly way, in brief known as eco-friendly which includes many activities like redefining the merchandise quality, product modification, changes within the production method, technological advancements, improvement within the packing, promotion methods increasing the attention of customers. The Green promotional activities and products quality provides differentiation in terms of creating image and builds the core ability among the corporations. The green marketing produces an amendment within the shopping for behavior and client perspective towards purchasing.

A study of human values at Wal-Mart company

Values, morals and ethics have become increasingly complex in current modern business world and enterprises are guided by the consideration of profits only. Success or failures of business ventures are judged by the amount of profits reported than by the means adopted to achieve such profits. But Wal-Mart has enjoyed success by adhering to basic principles and human values since its founding in 1962. In Wal-Mart the first priority is the concept of providing value and service to the customers by offering quality merchandise at low prices every day. The second is corporate dedication to a partnership between the Company's associates (employees), ownership and management. The third is a commitment by Wal-Mart to the communities in which stores and distribution centers are located. Wal-Mart strives to conduct its business in a manner that reflects these basic principles and the resultant fundamental values. Because Sam Walton, the founder of Wal-Mart, had a simple dream and along this simple dream he had some very firm ideas that empowered by his desire to: Serve people well, build a winning team, work hard, impact people's life, have fun, Support his family, and to honor his God. So he create not only an extraordinary successful company but also a revolutionary business model that impacted the standard of living for millions of everyday people in U.S.A and worldwide. All these events bring to the fore, the significance of long term survival based on ethical values at Wal-Mart company. Wal-Mart always be guided by the ethical aspects in all its doings. (Brenner, A.; Eidlin, B,; and Candaele, K. 2006) So Wal-Mart progress trend is not about stores, clubs, distribution centers, trucks, or computers. Although these tangible assets are important in the company's business plan, but the real fact of success is about people. Wal-Mart has most closely resembled a true family. With many different people in many different locations doing many different things, but they have always worked together to make the company successful and be true to the vision that they share. Wal-Mart by applying open door policy energizes team work, gives recognition to all the associates, and treats with respect and dignity by the people and everyone are equally important. Wal-Mart is not looking simply to make money but to benefit that community as an active and contributing member. Store, club, and distribution center managers, and all associates, are expected to be involved in their communities in a personal way by serving on the-local chamber of commerce boards, civic organizations, and school boards. Wal-Mart community involvement and giving are in the forms of, Grants and focus on education, environmental protection and preservation of natural resources (Suderqueist, D. 2005). This case study is discussing the philosophy of Sam Walton's cultural legendary, and core human values such as: Integrity, Respect, Teamwork, and communication, Excellence, Accountability, and Trust that have guided Wal-Mart associates over the years and are woven into the very fabric of its culture. On a deeper level, all of Wal-Mart associates truly believe they can weather the challenges and storms of the corporate world, while maintaining a reverence for small town values and all the while having fun.

Smart Agriculture IOT with Cloud Computing, Fog Computing and Edge Computing

Smart Farming could be a explained as a farming method which works on the thought process of a fashionable technology to increase the yield of the amount and quality of agricultural merchandise. IoT-based smart farming, a system solely made for the observation of crops in the field with the assistance of sensors and automating the irrigation system in accordance to our needs. Antique cloud-based system which uses mostly IoT models are inadequate to handle the traffic and the database of knowledge. So as to an extent it turns out to be lower latency, longer battery life for IoT devices, a lot of efficient money-based knowledge management, access to knowledge management and AI, ML IoT-EDGE based system is proposed or may be adopted. Edge for the IoT brings potential edges for several IoT deployments, as well as removal of interval in conjunction with geometric communications potency, compared to exploitation of the cloud to process and store knowledge. For example, several IoT processes will have a high level of automation at the sting leading to low latency for fast processing. The machine ifogsim is employed for modelling and simulating the sting based mostly on the IoT system which also includes the edge and the fog. The results of this method are to indicate that Edge computing based mostly IoT models are a lot of economical and extremely fast and may turn out and provide higher results when put next to different systems.

Effects of 3D vs 2D interfaces and product-coordination methods

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of product display based on colour, discount and brand on retail pleasure, arousal, flow, perceived merchandise quality, time spent, satisfaction and patronage intentions in both 3D and 2D interfaces. This study uses the flow theory and stimulus-organism-response framework to understand the effects of product coordination methods and interface dimensions on consumers’ emotional, cognitive and behavioural outcomes. Design/methodology/approach This study conducted a 2 (interface: 3D and 2D) × 3 (product coordination method: colour, discount and brand) between-subjects experimental design. The coordination of display refers to the way products are arranged based on similar properties, such as similar colour, discount or brand. 3D stores were designed using Mockshop, a 3D virtual retailing software. A total of 144 US female college students from various universities participated in the study. Findings The findings showed that the 3D interface produced higher flow, satisfaction, time spent and patronage intention than the 2D interface. Also, among the six display scenarios, participants who were in the colour-coordinated 3D store showed the highest levels of emotional, cognitive and behavioural outcomes except for retail pleasure and arousal. Originality/value This study investigates product display based on colour, discount and brand in both 3D and 2D interfaces. Although product coordination methods have been tested in 3D stores in previous studies, they have not been compared with their effects in the 2D interface such as online shopping sites. Therefore, this study fills in this gap in the literature, which can guide retailers in making the right decisions for visuals.