Quality Of Life In Children Research Articles

Proxy- and self-report evaluation of quality of life in cerebral palsy: Using Spanish version of CPQOL for Children and adolescents

BackgroundPromoting quality of life (QoL) is one of the main goals in interventions carried out with children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP). AimsThe aim of this study was to analyze the determinants of QoL in children with CP, including evaluations by the children themselves and their parents, and to identify discrepancies between evaluators. Methods and proceduresThe adapted Spanish version of the Cerebral Palsy Quality of Life (CP-QOL) for children and adolescents (self-report and primary caregiver-reports versions) was applied to a sample of 74 children with CP and their respective parents (totaling 222 participants), as well as instruments to measure functioning (i.e., GMFCS, MACS, CFCS and EDACS). The average age of the children was 12.50 (SD=4.07), with a higher number of boys (55.7 %). Outcomes and resultsThe lowest QoL levels were found in the Functional dimension in both assessments (Mchildren/adolescents=70.21, Mparents=58.14). For children, the highest rated dimension was Social Well-being (M=74.54), while for parents it was School (M=71.03). The degree of agreement between evaluators was low in almost all dimensions (ICC≤.40). More satisfactory predictive models were constructed from the evaluations carried out by parents, except in the case of the Access to Services dimension, with functioning measures being the main predictors of QoL levels. Conclusions and implicationsThe CP-QOL in its two available versions is a useful and specific instrument for assessing QoL in children with CP in both research and professional fields.

Clinical tics and quality of life in children and adolescents with tic disorders: The mediating role of sleep

BackgroundSleep conditions are important in children and adolescents with tic disorders. Psychiatric symptoms and tic symptoms themselves can detrimentally affect the quality of life (QOL) in individuals with tic disorders. However, there is currently a lack of explicit research evidence elucidating the relationship between sleep and the QOL in individuals with tic disorders. MethodsWe assessed 150 children/adolescents aged 4–14 years old diagnosed with tic disorders. Participants' tic symptoms were evaluated using the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), while their sleep conditions were assessed using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), and quality of life was measured using the Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome-Quality of Life Scale (GTS-QOL), all utilizing standardized measurement instruments. Detailed statistical descriptions, correlation analyses, and mediation analyses of the data were performed. ResultsWe observed significant correlations among tic symptoms, sleep, and quality of life. Then, we confirmed the mediating role of sleep in the relationship between tic symptoms and quality of life (β = .591, 95%CI: .252–1.007). We also found that among different sleep variables, particularly bedtime resistance (β = .088, 95 % CI: .003–.260), played a significant mediating role. ConclusionsSleep was found to be a significantly mediator between tic symptoms and quality of life across various domains, especially bedtime resistance played an important mediating role. This indicates that assessment and management of sleep conditions in children/adolescents with tic disorders are important. These findings provide potentially valuable insights into the clinical evaluation of children and adolescents with tic disorders and the potential improvement of their quality of life in the future.

Impact of virtual reality and mirror therapy on balance, muscle strength and quality of life in children with unilateral cerebral palsy: a double blinded randomized comparative study

Background and Purpose This study aimed to compare between the impact of virtual reality and mirror therapy on balance, muscle strength and quality of life in unilateral cerebral palsy children. Materials and methods This study involved 36 children of both sexes with unilateral cerebral palsy. Their ages ranged between 6 to 10 years and their motor function ability fell between levels I and II on Growth Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS). Their grade of spasticity on Modified Ashworth scale was from 1+ to 2. They were allocated to one of two study groups (A and B). A designated physical rehabilitation program was given to both groups. furthermore, group A received a wii fit virtual reality-based program while, group B received mirror therapy. Children in both groups received treatment for three consecutive months, three days per week, 60 minutes per day. Balance, muscle strength and quality of life were assessed using biodex balance system, lafayette hand-held dynamometer and pediatric quality of life inventory cerebral palsy Module respectively for each child in two groups pre and post treatment program. Results Children in the two groups demonstrated a noticeable improvement in the post-treatment average scores of all evaluated outcomes (p 0.001) when compared to pre-treatment average scores. By comparing posttreatment values of both groups, group A showed a noticeably greater improvement than group B (p 0.05). Conclusions Both virtual reality and mirror therapy may be recommended to enhance balance, muscle strength and quality of life in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. Virtual reality is more beneficial in enhancing balance, muscular strength and quality of life among those children.

ESTRATÉGIAS DA ANÁLISE DO COMPORTAMENTO APLICADA PARA DESENVOLVER A INTERAÇÃO SOCIAL EM CRIANÇAS AUTISTAS

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has evolved from a psychiatric classification to a neurodevelopmental disorder, reflecting advances in scientific understanding and diagnostic approaches. The DSM-5, with its more sensitive criteria, facilitates early identification of ASD, which is crucial for effective interventions. Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is a proven approach for enhancing social skills and reducing problematic behaviors in children with ASD. By employing techniques such as positive reinforcement and modeling, ABA fosters individualized communication and social interaction, providing significant benefits for both children and their families. Integrating playful resources and innovative strategies can complement interventions, promoting greater autonomy and self-awareness in autistic children. Ongoing advancements in ASD diagnosis and treatment, combined with scientific innovation, are essential for improving the quality of life for children and their families.

Effect of treatment of transverse maxillary deficiency using rapid palatal expansion on oral health-related quality of life in children: complementary results for a controlled clinical trial.

To evaluate the effect of rapid palatal expansion (RPE) using Haas-type expanders on children's oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) and compare said effect with that previously reported for the use of Hyrax-type expanders. Forty participants aged 8-10 years with transverse maxillary deficiency were treated using Haas appliances. OHRQOL was measured using the CPQ8 - 10 before RPE, during RPE (T1), at the end of RPE (T2), and 1 month after appliance removal (T3). Generalized mixed models were fitted to assess the effect of the Haas-type expander compared to previously collected data (a nontreated and a Hyrax-type expander-treated group). RPE with Haas-type appliances had a negative impact on overall OHRQOL at T1 and T2 (P = 0.001), and a positive impact at T3 (P = 0.001). The Haas-type expander had a significantly greater negative impact on OHRQOL than the Hyrax-type appliance during RPE. At T1, overall scores using the Haas-type expander were 1.08 times the scores using the Hyrax-type expander (i.e., 8% increase; 95% CI, 1.01-1.17; P = 0.033). Patients using the Haas appliance had 1.24 times the scores of those using Hyrax-type devices for the oral symptoms domain at T1 (i.e., 24% increase; 95% CI, 1.06-1.46; P = 0.009). Correction of the transverse maxillary deficiency by RPE using the Haas appliance in children 8-10 years improves OHRQOL. The Haas- and Hyrax-type devices temporarily worsen OHRQOL during treatment, however, the negative impact is less with the Hyrax-type expander than with the Haas-type expander, because it causes fewer negative oral symptoms. From a patient-centered perspective, the use of the Hyrax over the Haas appliance may be suggested as it causes less negative oral symptoms during use.

A - 69 The Use of Neuropsychological Assessments in the Diagnosis of ADHD among Racial and Ethnic Minorities in the US

Abstract Objectives Neuropsychological evaluations provide information that can potentially minimize the risk of poor outcomes and enhance the quality of life for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Black and Brown students have higher incidences of misdiagnosis of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) and being funneled into Emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) classrooms. There is support for the incremental efficacy of neuropsychological evaluation compared to routine care in the diagnosis and management of ADHD. This study analyzes neuropsychological assessment practices and diagnosis trends by race, ethnicity, and gender, incorporating teacher and parent perceptions through behavioral rating scales. Data Selection The following selection criteria were utilized: -published in peer-reviewed journals focusing on neuropsychological evaluations for ADHD among black and brown clients -employed a variety of assessment tools and methodologies - reporting on cultural considerations, validity, and reliability of neuropsychological assessments in black and brown populations. Data Synthesis Gender and racial differences in the timing and rate of diagnosis have delayed the onset of treatment. Additionally, there has been a difference in how parents and teachers endorse symptoms of ADHD by race on rating scales included in comprehensive neuropsychological evaluations. Conclusions Early intervention is associated with improved outcomes for individuals diagnosed with ADHD. However, there is a significant imbalance between the growing numbers of ethnic/racial and linguistic minority children in the United States who need neuropsychological services and the limited number of neuropsychologists trained to handle the cultural complexities. Accurate, culturally informed neuropsychological assessments are needed to ensure equitable behavioral health services are provided.

Use of AI in Pediatric Occupational Therapy: A Review

The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in pediatric occupational therapy (OT) has emerged as a promising avenue for enhancing assessment, intervention, and outcomes for children with diverse developmental needs. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state of AI applications in pediatric OT, highlighting key findings, benefits, challenges, and future directions. AI technologies, including machine learning algorithms, computer vision systems, and wearable sensors, offer innovative approaches to assess children's motor skills, sensory responses, and cognitive functions objectively and efficiently. AI-driven intervention strategies, such as personalized treatment planning, adaptive task selection, virtual reality environments, and gamified activities, promote engagement, motivation, and skill acquisition among pediatric patients. AI can be helpful in early diagnosis as well as early intervention. Additionally, AI-powered telehealth platforms enable remote delivery of OT services, real-time monitoring of patient progress, and access to care for underserved populations. However, challenges related to data privacy, ethical decision-making, disparities in access, and therapist education must be addressed to ensure the ethical, effective, and equitable integration of AI into pediatric OT practice. By embracing ongoing research, collaboration, and innovation, pediatric OT practitioners can harness the transformative potential of AI to improve outcomes and quality of life for children and families worldwide.

Long-term health outcome and quality of life in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome: findings from multidisciplinary follow-up at an Italian tertiary-care paediatric hospital.

The mechanisms that might explain the long-term persistence of both metabolic alterations and neuro-behavioural outcomes and their possible relationship are far from being clarified. Our study points out to the potential long-term effects of pandemics and to the importance of a multidisciplinary follow-up to detect potential negative sequelae in different areas of health, both physical and psychosocial. • Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a severe complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection. • Few data exist on the medium- and long-term outcomes of MIS-C, mostly focused on cardiac involvement. Emerging evidence shows neurological and psychological sequelae at mid- and long-term follow-up. • This study reveals that MIS-C may lead to long-term glycometabolic dysfunctions joined to impairment in the realm of general well-being and decline in quality of life, in a subgroup of children. • This study highlights the importance of a long-term multidisciplinary follow-up of children hospitalised with MIS-C, in order to detect the potential long-term sequelae in different areas of health, both physical and psychosocial well-being.

Impact of X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets/osteomalacia on health and quality of life: baseline data from the SUNFLOWER longitudinal, observational cohort study.

The SUNFLOWER study was initiated in Japan and South Korea to clarify the course of X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets/osteomalacia (XLH); delineate its physical, mental, and financial burdens; and collect information on treatment. Here, we report cross-sectional data at the time of patient enrollment to better understand the real-world management and complications in patients with XLH and examine the effect of XLH on quality of life (QOL). This is an ongoing, longitudinal, observational cohort study of patients with a diagnosis of XLH. Data from 147 patients (118 in Japan and 29 in South Korea) were evaluated. In total, 77 children (mean age, 9.7yr; 67.5% female) and 70 adults (mean age, 37.6yr; 65.7% female) were enrolled. PHEX gene mutations were confirmed in 46/77 (59.7%) children and 37/70 (52.9%) adults. Most patients in both age groups were receiving a combination of phosphate and active vitamin D at baseline. The mean height Z-score was -2.21 among adults (male: -2.34; female: -2.14). The mean Rickets Severity Score in children was 1.62. Whereas children appeared to have low pain levels (mean revised faces pain scale score, 1.3), adults reported mild-to-moderate pain (mean Brief Pain Inventory pain severity, 2.02). Mean QOL in children (assessed using the 10-item short-form health survey for children) was low, with a score below normative level for physical functioning. In adults, results from the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index indicated the presence of pain, stiffness, and decreased physical function. The respective mean total days/year of work/school non-attendance due to symptoms/complications and management of XLH were 0.7 and 3.0 among adults, and 6.4 and 6.1 among children. Our findings reconfirmed a relationship between disease and QOL in patients with XLH. We anticipate that these data will be important in enabling clinicians to understand the daily reality of patients with XLH.

Exploring the Relationship between Maternal Anxiety, Sleep Disturbances, and Family Quality of Life in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Exploring the Relationship between Maternal Anxiety, Sleep Disturbances, and Family Quality of Life in Children with Cerebral Palsy

The use of video-based interventions to teach activity of daily living to children with autism spectrum disorder–scoping review

The study aimed to delve into the successful implementation of Video-Based Intervention (VBI) in improving activity of daily living skills (ADL) among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Three primary electronic databases were utilised to perform this review: WOS, Scopus and Google Scholar. The process primarily used the research methodologies by Arksey and O'Malley as a framework. In the course of performing the scoping review, three themes emerged: firstly, a wide range of VBI techniques can be employed to enhance the skills of children with ASD; secondly, when VBI is coupled with adequate implementation support specifically tailored for children with ASD, it can effectively improve their daily living abilities. Essentially, the findings of this study support that VBI implementations can promote desired skills in ADL among children with ASD. Furthermore, additional implementation support complements video modeling, improving skill acquisition in ASD. This research enhances the existing knowledge base dedicated to enhancing the quality of life for children with ASD, providing valuable insights for educators, clinicians, and families involved in their care.

Quality of Life in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): An Assessment study

Quality of Life in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): An Assessment study

Persistent growth-promoting effects of vosoritide in children with achondroplasia are accompanied by improvements in physical and social aspects of health-related quality of life

Purpose: Evaluate the impact of vosoritide on health-related quality of life in children with achondroplasia. MethodsParticipants received vosoritide (15 μg/kg/day) in an extension trial (NCT03424018) after having participated in a placebo-controlled trial (NCT03197766). ResultsThe population comprised 119 participants (mean [SD] age 9.7 [2.6] years). Mean treatment duration was 4 (0.78) years. At year 3, the largest mean (SD) changes were observed in the Quality of Life of Short Stature Youth physical score (5.99 [19.41], caregiver reported; 6.32 [20.15], self-reported) and social score (2.85 [8.29] and 6.76 [22.64], respectively). Changes were greatest in participants with ≥1 SD increase in height z-score (physical: 11.36 [19.51], caregiver-reported [n = 38]; 8.48 [21.83], self-reported [n = 28]) (social: 5.84 [15.45] and 9.79 [22.80], respectively). To determine how domain scores may change with age in untreated persons, models were produced using observational/untreated-person data. A 1-year increase in age was associated with a change of 0.16 (SE, 0.55) and 0.16 (0.50), for caregiver-reported physical and social domain scores, respectively. Self-reported scores changed by 1.45 (0.71) and 1.92 (0.77), respectively. ConclusionThese data suggest that after 3 years of treatment, vosoritide demonstrates a positive effect on physical and social functioning among children with achondroplasia, particularly in children with a more pronounced change in height z-score.

Unveiling the Enigma of Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation: Causes, Consequences and Management Strategies

Abstract Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a defect in the development of tooth enamel, affecting permanent first molars and incisors. This article explores MIH causes, consequences and management strategies for dental professionals. MIH is widespread, ranging from 2.4% to 40.2% globally. South America has the highest prevalence, while Africa has the lowest. Clinically, MIH presents as demarcated white, yellow or brownish opacities on the enamel surface. Affected teeth are fragile and prone to chipping, hypersensitivity and caries. MIH disrupts the tooth’s structure, increasing the risk of fractures, dentin exposure, pulp inflammation and rapid tooth decay. It can also lead to poor oral hygiene, aesthetic concerns and reduced quality of life for children. The causes of MIH are multifactorial and involve systemic or environmental factors during pre-natal or post-natal tooth development. Potential factors include childhood illnesses, antibiotic use, environmental toxins and Vitamin D deficiency. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for MIH management. Treatment options depend on the severity of the condition and may involve remineralisation, desensitisation, fluoride therapy, pit and fissure sealants, restorations or extractions. MIH is a common dental concern in children. Early management by dental professionals can help prevent complications and improve oral health outcomes.

An analysis of health-related quality of life in children and adolescents after parotidectomy based on patient-reported outcomes.

To assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its influencing factors in these pediatric patients undergoing parotidectomy. This was a cross-sectional study that included 37 children and adolescents (≤ 19years) with parotid gland tumors who were treated in Sichuan Cancer Hospital between January 2006 and November 2021. HRQoL was assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to analyze the factors influencing patients' HRQoL. 37 children and adolescents were included in the study, including 22 cases of benign tumors and 15 cases of malignant tumors. All patients underwent surgery, and some patients with malignant tumors received radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Malignancy, permanent facial palsy, and Frey syndrome were associated with worse HRQoL in children and adolescents with parotid gland tumors. Radiotherapy and no cervical lymph node dissection were associated with worse HRQoL in pediatric patients with malignancy. The surgical approach of parotid is not a factor influencing HRQoL. Factors associated with HRQoL in children and adolescents with parotid gland tumors include pathological types, permanent facial palsy, and Frey syndrome. In addition, factors affecting patients with malignancy include lateral lymph node dissection and radiotherapy.

Risk and protective factors associated with health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with ADHD in Germany - Findings from the consortium project INTEGRATE-ADHD.

The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of individuals living with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is known to be impaired. Identifying factors that influence HRQoL can provide important information for the development of prevention and intervention programmes for affected children and adolescents. The aim of the present study was to investigate health care-related and psychosocial risk and protective factors for HRQoL in children and adolescents with an administrative ADHD diagnosis. In the consortium project INTEGRATE-ADHD, n = 4,809 parents of children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years participated in an online survey between October 2021 and August 2022 and answered questions regarding HRQoL (KIDSCREEN-27), health care utilisation, and psychosocial risk and protective factors. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between these factors and the five HRQoL dimensions of the KIDSCREEN-27. Findings indicate that parental psychopathology and parental burden were risk factors for lower HRQoL in children and adolescents with ADHD. Further, a positive association was found between the five HRQoL dimensions and the psychosocial factors family climate and social support, indicating that these are protective factors. The results highlight the importance of prevention and intervention programmes for individuals with ADHD that consider parental mental health and aim to strengthen resources such as the availability of good family climate and social support.

O CONHECIMENTO DE ESCOLARES DA REDE PÚBLICA A RESPEITO DE ALIMENTAÇÃO SAUDÁVEL: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA

Adequate nutrition is crucial for child development, impacting physical and emotional health. This article reports the experience of medical students who carried out a project in early childhood education, focused on healthy eating. Initially, many children had no knowledge or insight into the necessary and appropriate components of an appropriate diet. After guidance and educational games in this regard, there was a significant improvement in the understanding of what makes up a nutritious diet. The action demonstrated the importance of teaching strategies in promoting dietary health in the school environment, contributing to healthy habits and a better quality of life for children.

Impact of spasticity intervention on psychometric function and quality of life in children with cerebral palsy

Impact of spasticity intervention on psychometric function and quality of life in children with cerebral palsy

Stigma, seizure self-efficacy, and quality of life in children with epilepsy.

In addition to seizure care, it has been well-established that a holistic approach to the treatment of children with epilepsy that addresses the social, behavioral, and psychological dimensions also benefits their quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to investigate the patient and parental perceived stigma, seizure self-efficacy of children with epilepsy, and the relationship with quality of life in terms of sociodemographic and epilepsy-related factors. The study group consisted of children, aged between 8 and 18years and with a diagnosis of epilepsy of at least six months duration and their parents. Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), Child-Parent Stigma Scales, and the Seizure Self-Efficacy Scale for Children (SSES-C) were used for evaluation. One hundred and forty-four children (mean age 12.6 ± 2.9years) took part, of whom 48.6% were female. The mean Child Stigma Scale score was 1.77 ± 0.82, Parent Stigma Scale score 2.41 ± 0.75, SSES-C score was 3.37 ± 0.98, and PedsQL score was 72.8 ± 18.6 for children self-reports (CsR) and 73.2 ± 18.8 for parent proxy-reports. The intraclass correlation coefficient for parent-child PedsQL indicated a good level of agreement. There was a significant negative correlation between the Child Stigma Scale and the PedsQL-CsR scores. A significant positive correlation was identified between the SSES-C scores and the PedsQL-CsR scores. Perceptions of stigma in children with epilepsy and their parents were high in this study population. Of note, the elevated stigma perception reported by the patients had a detrimental impact on seizure self-efficacy. This relationship may affect the children's QoL and further complicates epilepsy management in this patient group.

The Effect of Parental Support on the Quality of Life of Children with Thalassemia

Introduction: Thalassaemia is a blood disorder that is passed down from parents to their children. Patients should receive blood transfusions regularly. Children with thalassaemia will undergo treatment for a long time. These extreme impacts cause various physical, emotional, social, and environmental disorders that can reduce the quality of life of people with persistent thalassaemia major. Objectives: This study aims to determine the effect of family support on the quality of life in children with thalassaemia major. Methods: This research is a type of quantitative correlation with the cross-sectional approach. The sample of all thalassemia patients in April-August 2022 until 2024 Agustus, was 120 pediatric patients selected using the total sampling technique. Bivariate analysis using chi square. Results: The age characteristics of children with thalassaemia were 83 (69.2%), the majority of females were 65 (54.2%). Family support was mostly positive for 63 (52.5%) and the quality of life of children with thalassaemia was mostly for 64 respondents (65.8%) in the normal category. There is a relationship of family support for the quality of life of children with thalassaemia at the Dr. Soedirman Regional General Hospital, Kebumen. Conclusions: Support family and friends, as well as providing a adequate for parents is very important in improving the quality of life of children Thalassaemia.