Quality Of Human Development Research Articles

The Impact of Regional Expenditures on the Quality of Human Development in South Sumatra

The quality of human development depends on the level of fulfillment of their needs in the fields of health, education, and per capita spending. The government as a driver of development activities has a vital role in human development, especially after the pandemic era which previously had a negative impact on people’s quality of life. Through an effective regional budget allocation, the government can continue to improve the quality of human development toward the expected goals of prosperity. This study seeks to describe the effect of regional spending on the quality of human development in South Sumatra Province. The data used is time series data for 2006–2022. The analysis used is simple linear regression. The results obtained are that regional spending has a positive and significant effect on the Human Development Index (HDI). This means that the quality of human development in South Sumatra depends on regional expenditure activities in sectors that support the HDI component. Keywords: regional expenditures, HDI

Design of a Height and Weight Measurement Tool for Toddlers at Spreadsheet-Based Posyandu

When it comes to disease prevention and quality human development, the main focus is on promoting optimal under-five health and growth. Integrated service posts, also known as posyandu, often take center stage when it comes to tracking the development of under-fives in the community. However, there is still no effective system to measure the height and weight of toddlers in posyandu. Therefore, a spreadsheet-based tool was created that can help the process of measuring the height and weight of toddlers in posyandu to be easier, faster, and more accurate. The data can also help posyandu officers, medical personnel, and parents in making decisions related to the health and nutrition of toddlers. Height and weight monitoring is done through a spreadsheet. The components used in this tool are ESP 8266 as a microcontroller, ultrasonic sensor as a height meter, load cell sensor as a weight meter, LCD to display measurement notifications, rfid-rc522 to communicate data from rfid tags so that when scanning/tagging to rfid, the data from height and weight measurements will be uploaded to the spreadsheet. From the tests carried out, it is obtained that the device functions properly and helps posyandu officers to monitor and measure the growth of height and weight in toddlers efficiently.

Analysis of the Effect of Natural Resources on the Quality of Human Development through Jambi Province Capital Expenditures

The natural resources owned by each Regency/City in Jambi Province are different, this has an impact on regional progress, especially the level of human development. The important role of local governments in improving human development through spending in the field of education and health in particular. This study aims to analyze; (1) How natural resource revenue-sharing funds contribute maximally to Regency/City capital expenditures in Jambi Province (2) The effect of general mining revenue-sharing and oil-gas revenue-sharing funds on capital expenditures in Jambi Province, (3) Effect of mining revenue-sharing funds general and oil and gas revenue-sharing funds to the Human Development Index through capital expenditures in Jambi Province. This study uses quantitative descriptive analysis methods and path analysis,(2) The results of the multiple linear regression equation are general mining revenue sharing (X1) and shared funds. The results of oil and gas (X2) on capital expenditure show that the independent variable has a simultaneous effect with an R-Squared value of 0.7521 or 75.21% while the remaining 24.79% is influenced by other variables, (3) General mining revenue sharing directly had a significant effect on HDI was 2.92% and had an indirect effect of 0.29%, meanwhile the oil and gas profit sharing funds had no significant effect on HDI.

APAKAH INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DAN TINGKAT PENGANGGURAN BERDAMPAK TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN DI KERESIDENAN BANYUMAS?

One of the indicators of economic growth is quality human development, which is measured in three aspects: a decent standard of living, health, and education. Inequality in human development persists in the Banyumas Residency area, impacting the regional economy. The aim of the study is to examine the correlation between mean years of schooling, human development index, and unemployment rate to GRDP per capita (proxy of economic growth) in Banyumas Residency, Central Java. Secondary research data comes from the Statistics Indonesia website. The research method uses panel data regression, consisting of time series data for 2017–2022 and cross-sectional data from 4 areas in Banyumas Residency, namely Banyumas Regency, Purbalingga Regency, Cilacap Regency, and Banjarnegara Regency. The Fixed Effect Model is the chosen estimation model in answering the research hypothesis. The research findings state that the human development index has a significant positive correlation with GRDP per capita. The unemployment rate has a significant negative correlation with GRDP per capita. Meanwhile, the mean years of schooling has an insignificant positive correlation with GRDP per capita. The conclusion of the study is that there is a relationship between the Human Development Index and the unemployment rate on the economy in the Banyumas Residency.

Forecasting Human Development Index With Double Exponential Smoothing Method And Acorrect Determination

Human development is now seen as a measure of the success of the development of a nation which is closely related to the economic, social, cultural, political and environmental fields. The success of human development is measured based on the Human Development Index (IPM). Boyolali Regency is one of the regencies in Central Java Province which has diverse and abundant natural resources. The large potential of natural resources owned should be in line with the quality of human development. However, it turns out that this is not in line with the HDI value of Boyolali Regency which is still below the average HDI value of Central Java. So that the Boyolali government continues to strive to maximize the potential and increase the HDI value. Based on this, it is necessary to do forecasting as a reference to maximize the level of human development in Boyolali Regency in the next few years. In this study, HDI forecasting in Boyolali Regency was carried out using the Double Exponential Smoothing method from Brown with the data used is HDI data in Boyolali Regency from 2011 to 2021. The data used was obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) Boyolali Regency. HDI forecasting was also carried out using the arithmetical method, and the best forecasting results were compared between the two methods based on the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). Forecasting results using the Double Exponential Smoothing method produce the best alpha smoothing parameter values of 0.91 and MAPE values of 0.4061%. Meanwhile, using the arithmetic series method, the MAPE is 0.4704%. Both methods produce MAPE values with very good criteria, so that both methods can be used for forecasting. However, based on the criteria for the smallest MAPE value, the Double Exponential Smoothing method is used. The results of the HDI forecasting using the Double Exponential Smoothing method for 2022, 2023 and 2024 are 74.61, 74.81 and 75.02 respectively. While the results of forecasting with arithmetical method for the same years are 74.93, 75.45, and 75.98.

Urbanization and human security in post-colonial Africa

Urbanization has been unprecedented in post-colonial Africa. While cities and towns (urban areas) are crucial to bolstering economic activities, they are equally perceived as the scene for social and economic problems. This in turn exacerbates urban human insecurity. The paper draws on qualitative research method in exploring the challenges and opportunities that undermine or facilitate achieving sustainable and inclusive cities in post-colonial Africa. Particularly, the role of the African Union through Agenda 2063 in materializing sustainable and efficient cities, against the backdrop of climate change, in post-colonial Africa. The study present statistics on urbanization and human security trends in the region such as the rate of urbanization, quality of life in informal settlements and slums, the share of urban population living in slums, and a correlation matrix on the quality of human development in slums. The study finds that while varied strides have been taken across the African continent on a national level, the problem of coordination, structural/systemic violence, prevalence of external vision for Africa's development, and gaps in policy implementation pose a threat to adequately addressing the perils of urbanization on human security in post-colonial Africa. Irrespective, Agenda 2063 offers the continent the opportunity to prioritize urban human insecurity issues as an emerging non-conventional security threat requiring securitization. Also, it offers an opportunity to re-center people at the heart of policy decisions while creating incentives for member states to meet the aspirations, goals, and targets set out in Agenda 2063, as it pertains to sustainable and inclusive cities in post-colonial Africa.

Examining the Convergence of Human Development using Sigma Convergence Approach to Panel Data Analysis

A special autonomy policy was implemented in Aceh in 2006, which differed in managing fiscal transfers from the central government. To this end, we examined the convergence of human development in districts/cities for thirteen years (period 2008-2020) as a form of development evaluation from the implementation of special autonomy. Using a sigma convergence approach to panel data sets sourced from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), this study found a slow year-on-year movement of decreasing human development disparities. On the contrary, it can be discovered that solid evidence of absolute convergence in the 2011-2020 period, despite the differences between the 2008-2020 period, was applied. In line with these discoveries, it will take over a decade to achieve a steady state of living standards, equalization, and quality of human development between districts/cities. It could be the basis for policymakers to maintain a sustainable sense of special autonomy.

GOVERNMENT SPENDING AND REGIONAL ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX

The dynamic of local government spending on education, health care, and infrastructure in the region shows an interesting phenomenon in the last decade. Despite the fact that budget expenditures of sub national governments have grown substantially, the pace of the human development index and the rate of economic growth have provided us different pictures. This study aims to analyze the impact of the three spending groups on the quality of human development and economic growth in Indonesia. This research used purposive sampling method to obtain data from as many as 464 districts/cities that were observed during the 2016-2018 period. Based on panel analysis, there was evidence that health spending had a positive effect on the human development index and community welfare. By contrast, spending on education and infrastructure did not have a good effect on these two development indicators. Based on the Sobel test, only health spending had a positive indirect effect on economic growth through the quality of human development. Meanwhile, education spending did not have a significant effect on economic growth, either directly or indirectly. Future research may develop another measurement for insfrastructure spending to provide better proxy.

Pengaruh Tingkat Pengangguran, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia dan Investasi Terhadap Kemiskinan di Kalimantan Selatan

This study aims to determine which variables affect poverty in South Kalimantan. This study also uses multiple linear regression analysis tools in the Effect of Unemployment Rate, Human Development Index, and Investment on Poverty in South Kalimantan. They have been using secondary data for ten years (2010-2019). The results of analysis regression, the dependent variable, namely the Unemployment Rate variable and the Human Development Index, has a significant effect on poverty in South Kalimantan. While the dependent variable, namely the investment variable, has no significant impact on poverty in South Kalimantan. From the regression analysis results, the dominant variable is the Human Development Index for Poverty in South Kalimantan. because the higher the level of quality of human development in an area, it can reduce poverty in that area

PEMODELAN MIXED GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION DENGAN ADAPTIVE BANDWIDTH UNTUK ANGKA HARAPAN HIDUP (Studi Kasus : Angka Harapan Hidup di Jawa Tengah)

Life expectancy at birth (AHH) is an estimate of the years a person will take from birth. AHH is used as an indicator of public health and welfare. These two indicators are of concern to the government in relation to human development. It is hoped that the AHH value will continue to increase so that the quality of human development will also increase. Modeling of the factors that influence AHH needs to be done so that efforts to increase AHH become more effective.The AHH value for Central Java (Central Java) in 2020 is 74.37. Factors thought to influence AHH in Central Java are the percentage of poor people (X1), the percentage of households with proper sanitation (X2), the percentage of children under five who are fully immunized (X3) and the open unemployment rate (X4). The assumption of homoscedasticity in AHH modeling in Central Java using linear regression was not fulfilled, meaning that there was spatial heterogeneity between districts/cities, so the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) method was used. The weighting function used is the Bisquare and Tricube kernels with adaptive bandwidth. The GWR method will encounter problems if not all independent variables are local, so the Mixed Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) method is used. The results of the GWR analysis for the two weighting functions are that the X1 variable is not local, so the MGWR method is used. The results of MGWR modeling for the two weighting functions are that local variables and global variables have a significant effect. The best model is the MGWR model with Kernel Tricube weighting because it has the smallest AICc value. Keyword : AHH, GWR, MGWR, Adaptive Kernel Bisquare, Adaptive Kernel Tricube, AICc

PERAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA

Local governments, through their own spending budgets, must intervene in improving the quality of human capital. Government spending on education and health is part of government spending that can encourage improvements in the quality of human capital. This study aims to determine the interaction relationship between government spending and human development. This research was conducted in 491 districts / cities in the 2010-2019 time period. The use of the Fully Modified OLS (FMOLS) analysis method with panel data. The results of this study indicate that the interaction of government spending on education and health has a long-term impact on improving the quality of human development. Government spending on education and health is known to have a positive effect on improving human capital. The importance of public investment for improving the quality of human capital through education and health so as to increase the standard of living and welfare of the community.

TEKNOLOGI DAN DISTRIBUSI PAJAK MENDUKUNG KUALITAS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA

The key to achieving regional development goals is the existence of human resources. This study analyzes the role of technology and tax distribution in improving the progress on human development in all provinces of Indonesia in 2015-2019.This research uses panel data regression static. In this research, there is a positive influence from technology in improving human development. These conditions indicate that the appropriate use of technology by the community can encourage the improvement of human quality resources. Other findings there is a positive influence from tax distribution in improving human development The performance of tax revenues and financing needs that are getting better and on a target in the economy can improve the quality of human development.

The problem of corruption in government organizations: Empirical evidence from Indonesia

Corruption in government organizations is an important and relevant topic to study because of its impact on the state in terms of financial losses and a decrease in the quality of human development. This study is also relevant because previous analyses are still limited in their modeling and measuring comprehensive fiscal decentralization variables. This study aims to examine the effect of fiscal decentralization and quality of government on the level of corruption and the impact of corruption on the human development index. The sample of this paper comprises 113 local governments on the island of Java, Indonesia, for the period 2015–2018. Statistical testing was carried out using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The test results show that fiscal decentralization has a positive effect on corruption with a path coefficient of 0.100 and is significant at 5% alpha. Likewise, poor governance (proxied by internal control weaknesses) has a positive effect on the level of corruption with a coefficient of 0.062 and is significant at an alpha of 10%. The results of the PLS-SEM test also show that corruption has a negative impact on the human development index with a coefficient of –0.206 and is significant at 1% alpha. The practical significance of this study is the importance of the internal control system reliability as a complementary variable for fiscal decentralization to prevent corruption.

Determinant of educational infrastructure development in conditions of regional economy transformation and digitalization

Motivation: In the context of sustainable development, it is objectively conditioned to base the social infrastructure development on the transformations and digitalization of the regional economic space. The transformation of the potential of social infrastructure involves changing not only the quantitative parameters of its components, but also transforming the objects of the infrastructure complex of the region, restructuring the connections between them and moving to a qualitatively new level of development. The determinant of social infrastructure that provides quality human development is education. High-quality educational infrastructure provides comprehensive human development through the formation of a complex of services necessary for the qualitative development of human potential.
 Aim: The purpose of the research is to analyse the structural and dynamic features of the educational component of social infrastructure at the meso level in Ukraine and Poland, to work out practical recommendations for its transformation and digitalization.
 Results: An author’s methodology for assessing the educational infrastructure development is developed. The methodology includes, in particular, the calculation of the synthetic index for the educational infrastructure development using the method of linear ordering by Julian Perkal. The negative trend of decreasing in the number of Ukrainian educational institutions between 2010 and 2020 is detected. It is established that the dynamics of the number of students in vocational schools and higher education institutions in Ukraine reflects, first, the demographic trends that have taken place and are taking place in the country, as well as society’s attitude to vocational and higher education. In addition, the rating of Ukrainian and Polish regions according to the level of the educational infrastructure development is created.

Analysis of Consistency in Planning and Budgeting: The Case in Purbalingga Regency

Consistency of planning and budgeting plays an important role in supporting the government to achieve its strategic objectives and is an important instrument to improve the quality of human development and the welfare of the community. Infrastructure development will open economic access and accelerate the added value of the people's economy. Purbalingga Regional Government through its planning document sets out a development plan to improve infrastructure in the region. The purpose of this research is to analyze the consistency between planning and budgeting in Purbalingga Local Government. The results showed that in general the level of consistency between planning and regional budgeting is relatively good, but the results obtained can not be separated from various shortcomings, where there are still many activities that are not aligned. Some of the things that can be done by the government are increasing the capacity of the team planning apparatus, increasing the role of the regional inspectorate, and increasing the government's commitment in maintaining consistency of planning and budgeting. Keywords : planning, budgeting, consistency, infrastructure

Пандемийный шок: методологическое объяснение и новый общественный договор

The pandemic shock manifested itself as a new phenomenon in the socio-economic dynamics, and thus necessitated a special reflection in the framework of the business cycle theory. In this study we present the results of theoretical positioning of a pandemic shock using the methodology of business cycle theory, in particular, using the principles of the impulse approach. To formulate conclusions, empirical data were used on the processes observed in 2020 in Russia, in the subsystems of supply and demand, in the system of state regulation. The conclusions obtained by the author can be used as sources for the formation of applied scientific problems for the continuation of research within the framework of the theory of business cycle at the post-industrial stage of socio-economic development. These conclusions include a statement of changes in the organization of labor and business operations, changes in the balance of mutual obligations of the parties to a social contract, conclusions about the emergence of new factors in the quality of human development.

On the theory of innovative education

Innovative education is a purposeful process of education and innovative training of a person, contributes to the development of his creative abilities, self-learning skills, self-improvement. The main objective of innovative education, formulated from the perspective of the mechanisms for the development of post-industrial civilization, is to ensure that the quality of human development is ahead of the way. As an important area of social activity, education outpaces other forms of social activity in its development. Innovative activity in education is a multi-component social activity. Innovations in professional education express the integrative content of technical and technological, pedagogical, organizational and managerial, socio-economic innovations. These innovations ensure the innovative development of not only professional education, but also science, production, economy, management and the social sphere. Innovative processes in vocational education are put into practice in innovative education. Pedagogical innovations involve a personal and creative process of organizing the educational process, they cover the entire field of education. The contradiction between the demand of society for the quality of vocational training of university graduates, able to purposefully and effectively carry out self-education and self-preparation for productive activities in the constantly changing external environment and the real practice of educational process in universities, actualizes the problem of self-education and self-training of students for innovative professional activities. Innovative process and innovation in connection with the implementation of new state educational standards in Russian secondary and higher education are gaining special status.

Analysis of Economic Inequality and Human Development: A Case Study of West Sumatra Province in 2015-2019

West Sumatra Province is one of the provinces with diverse human resources. This situation causes the need for human resource management to encourage economic growth. This study aims to identify economic development, economic inequality and human development, as well as the relationship between economic inequality and human development in West Sumatra Province in 2015-2019. The basic data used in the analysis are GRDP and the Human Development Index (IPM) using quantitative descriptive analysis methods. Economic development was analyzed using Location Quotient (LQ) and Klassen typology, while economic inequality was using Entropy Theil. The research showed that the Klassen typology results were dominated by developed but slow regions which amounted to nine regencies/cities and based on LQ showed that urban areas had a base sector in the secondary and tertiary sectors, while rural areas had a base sector in the tertiary sector. The HDI has increased which is accompanied by an increase in entropy, indicate that high GRDP is not evenly distributed. In addition, there is a strong relationship between economic inequality in terms of GRDP per capita and HDI. This shows an increase in economic growth that triggers improvements in the health and education sectors so that it has a good impact on the quality of human development but needs an even distribution.

Kualitas Pembangunan Manusia Pulau Nias Sebagai Perwujudan Tujuan Pembangunan Manusia Berkelanjutan

The purpose of the research is to look at the achievements of human development on Nias Island from its three constituent aspects namely health, education and income. Based on an analysis of the three aspects of the HDI compilers, the quality of human development on Nias Island during the period of 2014 to 2018 showed an increase. This research uses descriptive analysis techniques using secondary data. The results also show that there is still a disparity in human development between regions on Nias Island. The human development of Gunungsitoli City is better compared to other regions. This is influenced by regional factors, infrastructure, and easy access to reach aspects of life such as education facilities and health facilities. To further improve human quality and reduce disparities between regions, the Sumatera Utara Provincial Government needs to make policy programs especially in the aspects of Education and health aspects. Institutional strengthening and infrastructure development to support economic growth for fair and equitable welfare for all people on Nias Island.

PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A PERSON’S ATTITUDE TO EDUCATIONAL AND PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES

The personal characteristics (components) of students studying in the direction of «Bachelor» in the dynamics from the first to the fourth year, revealing their motivational and semantic sphere, are given. It is shown that in the fourth year of training, the structural organisation of components of the motivational and semantic sphere of students (motivationalorganisational, emotional-volitional, intellectual-volitional, communicative) is the most optimal for a favourable transition to professional activity. Knowledge of the dynamic features of the motivational and semantic sphere of students in the process of studying at a university will increase the effectiveness of educational activities, create «internal conditions» for the qualitative assimilation of educational material and prepare students for professional activities. Personal characteristics of a professional are given. It is shown that effective results in professional activity are achieved by people whose content characteristics of the motivational and semantic sphere are developed at a fairly high level (on a 10-point rating scale at the level of 7-9 points): the problem of the subject of life activity is discussed. The subject of life activity is an integral individualpersonal-social structural formation that characterises the attitude to oneself, activities, and other people, determining the vector and quality of human development, the level of self-regulation and achievements in life.