Quality Of Construction Work Research Articles

COST ANALYSIS ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPORTS FACILITIES IN KEDEWAN SUB-DISTRICT, BOJONEGORO DISTRICT WITH EVM (EARNED VALUE METHOD)

The implementation of construction work has the main targets in construction management, such as construction costs, quality of construction work and construction implementation time. Construction activities can be declared successful in their management if they produce work products with the quality criteria that have been determined, on time, and according to the agreed costs. Using EVM (Earned Value Method) in project management can be used to determine cost performance and implementation time during the project and the indicators used for analysis include: BCWP (Budget Cost of Work Performance), BCWS (Budget Cost of Work Schedule), ACWP (Actual Cost of Work Performance), SV (Schedule Variance), CV (Cost Variance), SPI (Schedule Performance Index), CPI (Cost Performance Index), EAS (Estimated At Schedule) and ETS (Estimated Temporary Schedule). By using this method in the Sports Facilities Construction Project, Kecamatan Kedewan, Kabupaten Bojonegoro, the ACWP (Actual Cost of Work Performed), BCWP (Budgeted Cost of Work Performed), and BCWS (Budgeted Cost of Scheduled) values were obtained. The CV value obtained <0 in weeks 1 to 7 indicates that the costs incurred were greater than the plan, but in weeks 8 to 15 the CV value >0 means that in that week the costs incurred were less than the plan. Meanwhile, meaning the project is experiencing a delay from plan. The estimated of the completion budget requirement obtained from the ETC (Estimate to Compile) value is Rp. 3,345,105,521.28, while the estimated final total project cost obtained from the EAC (Estimate at Complete) value is Rp. 5,680,868,593.22.

Cost and Time Analysis Using Earned Value Method in The Construction of Sports Facilities in Kecamatan Kedewan Kabupaten Bojonegoro

The implementation of construction work has the main targets in construction management, such as construction costs, quality of construction work and construction implementation time. Construction activities can be declared successful in their management if they produce work products with the quality criteria that have been determined, on time, and according to the agreed costs. Using EVM (Earned Value Method) in project management can be used to determine cost performance and implementation time during the project and the indicators used for analysis include: BCWP (Budget Cost of Work Performance), BCWS (Budget Cost of Work Schedule), ACWP (Actual Cost of Work Performance), SV (Schedule Variance), CV (Cost Variance), SPI (Schedule Performance Index), CPI (Cost Performance Index), EAS (Estimated At Schedule) and ETS (Estimated Temporary Schedule).By using this method in the Sports Facilities Construction Project, Kecamatan Kedewan, Kabupaten Bojonegoro, the ACWP (Actual Cost of Work Performed), BCWP (Budgeted Cost of Work Performed), and BCWS (Budgeted Cost of Scheduled) values were obtained. The CV value obtained <0 in weeks 1 to 7 indicates that the costs incurred were greater than the plan, but in weeks 8 to 15 the CV value >0 means that in that week the costs incurred were less than the plan. Meanwhile, the SV value for the 15th week is SV<0, meaning the project is experiencing a delay from plan. The estimated of the completion budget requirement obtained from the ETC (Estimate to Compile) value is IDR. 3,345,105,521.28, while the estimated final total project cost obtained from the EAC (Estimate at Complete) value is IDR. 5,680,868,593.22. The results of the TE (Time Estimate) value in week 15 show 33 calendar days, so it takes 243 (Two hundred and forty three) calendar days to complete the project from week 15 to completion or 33 days later than the contract time of 210 calendar days.

Assessment of Construction Risks in Projects Funded by External Sources in Jordan during the COVID-19 Pandemic

In general, construction projects are vulnerable to various risks during their life cycle. These risks may negatively affect the project cost and duration, in addition to other factors, including environmental impact, health and safety, and quality of construction work. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought more challenges to construction projects. This study presents an assessment of 47 major risks affecting construction projects. The research investigates and assesses the risk factors associated with a special type of construction project, namely, projects funded by external sources, due to their importance, characteristics, and sensitivity. Furthermore, the study was carried out under the impact of the special conditions and constraints associated with the COVID-19 health pandemic. These conditions provided specific types of risks, results of risk assessment, and recommended responses to the risks. The studied risks were categorized using the PESTLE technique, an external factor analysis technique, which includes six groups of Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental risks. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 34 construction organizations that implemented or supervised projects funded by external sources. The aim of the survey was to assess the risks affecting the construction projects in terms of probability of occurrence and severity on the projects’ cost and time schedule. Then, the importance of each risk was calculated, and the risks were ranked according to their importance. The results showed the high importance of environmental and legal risks and indicated that the most important risk factors are the difficulty of issuing licenses and permits and the inappropriate definition of the scope of work. This study would help managers and fund providers make decisions regarding risks during uncontrolled pandemic or disastrous circumstances. Although the current study was conducted in Jordan, its procedures and results can be useful in other locations with different properties and conditions.

Measuring the Performance of the Completed Construction Projects through Users Committees: A Case of Khairahani Municipality, Chitwan, Nepal

The projects in Nepal continuously faces issues of expected performance though at local level performance is strictly time bounded. To measure the performance of the completed construction projects through Users Committees in terms of execution time & cost contribution. The study was solely the project performance of the Municipality implementing through UCs of the 33 sites using Opinion survey, checklist survey. The primary and secondary data and information were collected through different tools as questionnaire survey, Key Informant’s Interview, Checklist and field visits. The Descriptive content analysis produces the measures of selected project performance. Overall performance of project executing by UCs was satisfactory. The projects through UCs have been completed within the budget. There is not time control mechanism in the projects since work schedule was not prepared and followed. Most of projects were completed on time of one year and all projects were completed within estimated cost. Due to less managerial and technical skill of UCs, inadequate supervision by the technicians, unavailability of skill persons at local levels and with no laboratory provision in the projects implementing through UCs, the quality of construction work could not be assured as QAP was not in use. For the transparency, the project information board is displayed at sites in the projects budgeting equal to or greater than 10 lakhs. Public Audits are also conducted in all the projects. The projects after the work completion have been examined and cleared within 30 days after completion. The empirical aspects of project implemented through users committee has been analyzed and pragmatic recommendations have been made for assuring effective performance.

A Performance Quality Index to Assess Professional Conduct of Contractors at Sustainable Construction Projects in Saudi Arabia

The quality performance of contractors in sustainable construction projects is a major concern for the industry. Over the past decade, studies on measurements, factors, and indicators for assessment of the professional conduct of construction companies are to be found in the sustainable construction management literature. There is adequate evidence over the last decade that an increasing number of construction professionals have adopted the measurement of the professional conduct of contractors as a tool to support their future decisions. The method of the Analytical Hierarchy (AHP) process has been deployed to identify the major factors and sub-factors involved in sustainable construction in Saudi Arabia. Using several governing factors, including quality of document submittals (QDS), quality system implementation (QSI), and quality of construction works (QCW), a working framework was developed by using the pair-wise comparison method. The results show that proper accountability and keen consideration of factors that could hinder sustainable construction by contractors contribute to the development of a better perspective on quality issues. After a critical analysis, a Performance Quality Index was developed, and a benchmark value was obtained. The benchmark value of PQI will assist project managers and owners in the sustainable construction sector as a reference for future improvement in the quality performance of contractors.

Exploring the impact of risks on road construction quality: an AHP model study

The construction industry plays a role in the development of countries. The progress of this industry mainly depends on the quality of construction works, which is closely related to the longevity of the work. A risk assessment of construction quality is a comprehensive assessment of the level of risks and the construction contractor faces during the construction process. Risk factors affect the quality of work in the aspect of labor, equipment and machinery, material, constructional technology, environment, etc. Based on these factors, the authors build an index system to evaluate the quality of works according to experts. Quality is one of the factors to evaluate the success of construction projects. The level of success of the construction industry depends on many quality performances. The method used in this article is the analytical hierarchical method (AHP) for quantitative analysis, which has the function of comparing and selecting alternatives without requiring big data, etc. This method will also be chosen to satisfy the set of criteria. Based on the principle of comparing pairs of criteria, the AHP method analyzes, evaluates, synthesizes, and answers the question "Which criterion affects the quality of the work during the construction process?". This study is conducted to scrutinize the factors that harm construction projects. The results of the study evaluating over 15 criteria show that the influencing factor due to equipment and machinery assessed has the greatest influence on the quality of the work.

GEODESIC MONITORING AND MATHEMATICAL PROCESSING OF DATA OF DEFORMATIONS BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

The main causes of deformations are investigated in the article. Observations of deformations of structures are a set of measuring and descriptive measures to identify the magnitude of deformations and the causes of their occurrence. For complex and responsible structures, observations begin simultaneously with the design. At the site of future construction, the influence of natural factors is studied and in the same period a system of reference signs is created in order to determine in advance the degree of their stability. Observations directly on the structure begin from the beginning of its construction and continue throughout the construction period. For most large structures, observations are made during their operation. A measuring network is used for observations, which consists of the following geodetic signs: benchmark - a geodetic sign that fixes a point of the leveling network (the height position of this sign is practically unchanged during observations of deformations of structures); mark - a rigidly fixed on the structure of the building sign, which changes its height and planned position due to deformation of the structure; reference sign - a practically motionless sign in the horizontal plane, relative to which the displacements and rolls of structures are determined. All geodetic signs installed on the building and around it create a survey and support network, which are interconnected by geodetic measurements. The service life of a construction site depends not only on the quality of construction materials and the quality of construction work, but also on the quality of operation, timely and accurate consideration of damage to buildings and forecasting their technical condition, which is impossible without measuring operations to obtain data for its safe functioning. At the stage of operation, the structures are subjected to numerous natural, man-made actions that must be taken into account in the project when choosing materials, developing structures and components, etc. However, in practice, the characteristics of building materials and structures may not meet the requirements of the design documentation, as a result, the combined effect of many factors will lead to accelerated wear of the building. According to the special features of deformation are divided into types: those that change their vertical position and planned displacements, all together spatial displacements. Methods of research of deformations which are chosen according to a kind of deformation are considered.

Some issues when implementing the common data environments

Common Data Environments (CDE) is an essential foundation for the execution of Building Information Modeling (BIM) to construction projects in Vietnam. The current data environment applied in projects has many limitations, inadequacies that reduce the quality of construction works. CDE could be an effective solution to the issue. However, there are several difficulties when applying CDE in the current built environment. These difficulties consist of the choice of implementation method, the scale of the CDE as well as the legality. Through the method of synthesis - analysis, this article focuses on analyzing and clarifying the issues, thereby suggesting some suitable CDE implementation methods for construction investment projects.

Analisis Risiko Kegagalan Konstruksi Infrastruktur Permukiman

Equitable distribution of settlement infrastructure is one of the current regional government programs. However, the high budget for residential infrastructure every year is not directly proportional to the quality of the infrastructure buildings realization. Good construction project control is available for every work implementation activity, but not all construction actors can apply it correctly. Weak project control resulted in construction failure and not achieving project objectives. This study aims to analyze the most dominant risk of construction failure and respond to construction failure mitigation using the Soft System Methodology. Variables that caused construction failure were the low quality of human resources who occupy the highest rank, the quality of work that is not in accordance with specifications, inappropriate planning, low levels of supervision and a culture of contractors that have not prioritized the quality of construction work; they are factors that cause road construction and residential infrastructure failures in Bekasi Regency. The conceptual model in the form of packaging work that is tailored to the capabilities of Human Resources is one of the recommended model options, hence that work can be completed in accordance with predetermined specifications.

Price and quality: relationship between bid rate and construction performance rating ranking

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to try to understand the relationship between price and quality in public procurement by using data on the quality of civil engineering works and prices in tenders. By doing so, it tries to conduct a comprehensive examination of the quality of construction works, which has been difficult to recognize and evaluate.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology of this analysis is to collect data on the quality of construction works from the rankings of construction performance evaluations revealed by public procurement authorities. In addition, the prices of bids of the providers in public procurement are also collected from the available data and analyzed. The relationship between the two was statistically analyzed in an objective and verifiable way.FindingsWhat the study found was that the price of the work measured by the bid rate had a positive and significant relationship with the quality of the work measured by the construction performance rating. Furthermore, the panel data were analyzed using panel data for 51 firms that all appeared in the construction performance evaluation for 12 years and participated in at least three bids in each year, and the first-order term of the bid rate was negative and the second-order term was positive and was 10% significant, which is a U-shaped relationship.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is one of the investigations focused on public procurement construction work. One of the limitations of this study is that it is a study of one industry in the Asian region. However, this study focuses on the incentives of business operators. As such, the analysis is applicable to all situations faced by those running businesses.Practical implicationsThe managerial implications of this study include the following: although, improving the quality of construction results is costly, competitive firms are also steadily improving their quality as it is a factor of competition. However, there will come a point where their efforts come to a halt at a certain level. It is necessary to operate the business with this situation in mind. In addition to the company's efforts, it is necessary to lobby the government.Social implicationsAs a policy implication for this analysis, it was possible to evaluate that steady improvement in construction results was confirmed, but the correlation between the relaxation of the competition and the increase in the bid rate was correlated with the decrease in the total amount of public works. This highlights the problem of having to think about measures for the efficient use of the. In addition to this, the fact that the competition situation has been eased can be considered as a problem that it will adversely affect the innovation stimulation of operators, and that it will become necessary to pay more attention to competition limiting acts.Originality/valueThe uniqueness of this paper is firstly that unique data representing the quality of public procurement, which had been difficult to analyze, were collected, organized and used in the study. In addition, not only did we find a positive relationship between quality and price but we also found a U-shaped relationship between them using panel data.

Study of the impact of military factors and security threats on construction projects in Baghdad

Since 2003, the territory of Iraq there were many military conflicts and conducted a large number of terrorist operations, especially in the capital Baghdad.As a result, construction work in Baghdad began to increase after 2003, which led to an increase in construction risks. The most dangerous risks were military conflicts that occurred near the construction site and affected the workforce, equipment and the construction site itself. The purpose of the study is to identify the most important factors causing risks during construction in Baghdad due to military operations and terrorist threats, to assess the degree of impact of these factors on the duration, cost and quality of construction work, as well as on the safety of workers and the economic situation of construction enterprises. The object of the study is the Al-Radwaniyah residential complex under construction in Baghdad, which is located near the US military base. In the course of the study, the most important military factors causing risks were identified, and then a questionnaire survey was conducted to determine the degree of impact of these factors among employees of enterprises involved in the construction of the specified residential complex (contractors, engineers, consultants, etc.). After processing the results of the questionnaire, the risk factors were analysed using a statistical method. This made it possible to establish the degree of impact of each factor. The study showed the degree of influence of military factors that cause risks, in particular, on the safety and life of workers, the impact on the psychological and social state of the working staff in general. It was also found that sudden military clashes and terrorist operations in the study region have a negative impact on the economic and financial situation of the construction project, lead to a delay in the project and increase its cost. Therefore, it is necessary to look for solutions to avoid or reduce these factors in areas where there is a possibility of their sudden occurrence.

Psychosocial Construction Work Environment and Wellbeing in the Viability of Indigenous Construction Firms

Abstract The strategic role of indigenous construction firms (ICFs) in the development of the construction industry better construction output and infrastructural development in developing countries cannot be overemphasized. These goals may not be achieved if firms’ psychosocial construction work environment and wellbeing (PCEW) are not appraised. To this end, this study identified and assessed factors relating to PCEW in the 37 factors influencing the viability and performance of construction firms obtained from the extant literature. A sample size of 65 staff of 31 ICFs out of a total survey of 177 staff of 59 ICFs that were awarded building contracts in selected institutions in Nigeria was accessed for this study. Respondents rated each factor on a five-point Likert scale of importance and mean scores were used to rank the factors after identifying factors that are related to ICFs’ PCEW. The study identifies 14 PCEW related factors out of the 37 factors influencing the viability of ICFs and six of the top ten very important factors influencing ICFs’ viability having high factor loading are PCEW related. The factors are quality of construction work and services, availability of skilled labour, employee satisfaction, and availability of artisans and craftsmen. Steady emphasis on factors influencing PCEW of construction workers amidst various factors influencing ICFs’ viability is necessary for a healthier construction work environment and wellbeing.

Specifics of construction in China in 2019-2020

China is currently building entire cities, and new settlements are rapidly being built. It is important to note that the ideology of construction has undergone significant changes. if earlier the high rate of construction was due to a large number of cheap labor, and the quality suffered, today the emphasis is on the quality of construction work and materials. For this purpose, China has trained specialists-professionals who have received the best education and passed training in construction companies in different countries of the world, so today Chinese young engineers can teach their foreign colleagues how to innovate in the field of construction. The successful development of the construction industry is facilitated by strict state control, and the fact that almost all construction equipment of modern samples is produced by China itself and does not depend on foreign investment. This, in turn, contributes to an increase in sales of construction vehicles to other countries. Today, after many years of development of construction industrialization, BIM technologies have become widespread, which has determined the acceleration of the growth of modular and industrial development. It is no secret that the Chinese economy is developing rapidly. Of course, effective development of the economy, industry and agriculture is impossible without the development of construction, services and infrastructure.

Features of the audit of construction enterprises

The article defines the legal basis of the audit in Ukraine, theoretical approaches to the audit of construction companies, the issue of assessment by the auditors of the risks associated with the implementation of a project for housing construction. A construction audit is an independent assessment of both the financial and technical indicators of a construction investment project. This procedure involves checking the quality of construction work, determining the actual value of the object and the actual volume of construction.Building auditing is part of the management system and one of the most important components of the ISO 9001 quality system. As part of the funding expansion strategy, the audit of the organization is carried out as part of the audit in other areas of activity. Audit is conducted in two key areas: organization audit, project audit. It is determined that the construction audit is aimed at the study of common costs and pricing analysis, it is carried out at each stage of construction of the construction object. This process allows to identify the real volume of work, to determine the cost of finished products, to determine the quality of work performed at all stages of construction, to identify deviations from the project of the construction object.Audit of construction organizations is carried out in accordance with the general principles, but has its specificity, related to the legal form and features of the industry to which the contracting entity belongs, namely: regulatory regulation of the cost of construction works, features of determining the financial result of construction contracts , the presence of risks associated with the activities of construction companies. Audit in construction companies can be both proactive and mandatory. The main purpose of an audit in a construction organization – reliable, real and objective information about the implementation of construction contracts. Construction audits are carried out both on a separate site during the entire construction process and in a continuous manner by controlling all costs.In this article the main tasks of the audit of financial results are summarized and systematized, its peculiarities and main problems are defined, the recommendations on improvement of audit of financial results of construction organizations are given.

Практические аспекты управления качеством на предприятиях строительной индустрии

The authors consider the internal and external reserves of improving the quality of products at the enterprises that produce reinforced concrete. The research objective was to study and substantiate the external and internal factors, thus improving the effectiveness of quality management. The paper focuses on the use of such tool of sustainable development as "Six Sigma", which is considered as an important factor in product quality management. The paper also features the process of certification as an external tool that can improve quality management in the construction industry. The authors justified the necessity of mandatory certification of construction products when bidding for a tender. The paper also reviews the experience of sustainable production at reinforced concrete plants. The problems of product quality in the industry are of strategic nature and can cause economic, environmental, and other negative consequences. Quality management should become compulsory in the industry since its products are designed exclusively for the domestic market. As a result, its certification according to State Standards ISO 9001 or GOST R ISO 9001 is absolutely voluntary and performs only image-making functions. As far as tenders for state orders are concerned, mandatory certification may solve the existing problems with the quality of construction work. As internal quality management tool, the concept of "Six Sigma" can be useful for concrete works.

Factors influencing professionalism and the viability of local firms in Nigeria

It is imperative to know the place of professionalism in the viability of local construction firms (LCFs) in developing countries. This article identified and examined various factors related to professionalism from diverse aspects that influence firms’ viability in the construction industry. From a literature review, 37 variables influencing the viability of local construction firms were identified of which 19 relate to professionalism. 177 staff from LCFs who were awarded building contracts in selected institutions in Nigeria were requested to rate the importance of each viability factor on a 5-point Likert scale. Mean score ratings and principal component analysis were used to identify and summarise the most important factors. Three of the four “extremely important” factors are directly related to profes-sionalism in the construction industry: organisational competence, quality of work and services, and quality of construction work and services, with mean scores of 4.4, 4.31, and 4.30, respectively. Out of the 11 component  factors obtained, three topmost factors are directly related to professionalism in the construction industry. These factors were labelled: "construction resources” (9.27%); “improved construction method” (3.24%), and “quality service and satisfaction” (2.84%). These factors substantiate the importance of professionalism in the viability of LCFs and should motivate various professionals in the construction industry to demonstrate their effectiveness in good service delivery and ethics.

USE OF THERMAL IMAGING IN CONSTRUCTION

Thermovision is a research method based on non-invasive and non-contact evaluation of temperature distribution on the surface of the examined body. These methods are based on observation and recording of the distribution of infrared radiation, sent by each body whose temperature is higher than absolute zero (-273C) and visualization of the temperature field by thermal imaging equipment. In construction, thermovision is used to assess the quality of materials used in construction, structural solutions and the quality of construction work. With its help we can locate, for example, thermal bridges, which are the result of improperly made or damaged during the operation or installation of thermal insulation. Detection of thermal bridges helps to reduce the amount of fuel used and thus save on the costs of heat energy. Using thermal imaging it is also possible to assess the condition of heating pipelines (damage to insulation, corrosion, location of leaks), control heating devices such as: heat substations, radiators. The subject of the study is to show examples of how thermal imaging is used and useful in construction.

The formation of engine parks of the construction organizations with accounting of energy efficiency and environmental friendliness

Increase in energy efficiency of construction allows reducing costs of technical operation of parks of the equipment and increasing construction energy saving level in general. To achieve these goals, it is offered to apply modern methods of the organization and works, to use the hi-tech construction equipment, and also to form an optimum set of mechanization for construction and installation works. A criterion of optimization is the cost of work. In definition of performance data of the car at the enterprise, its energy efficiency is taken into account, the options are compared, and the optimal set of cars is formed. During the solution of the task, conclusions were formulated, showing that ecological planning and steering together with energy audit on the construction site allow more rational formation of parks of cars, improving ecological component and quality of construction works.

A Reality Check of Status Level of Worker against Skilled Worker Parameters for Bangladeshi Construction Industry

Skilled worker is the main fuel to run the construction industry. To enhance construction management processes, worker is a vital factor. Lacking of skilled worker, have a huge negative impact on the construction cost, schedule and quality of construction work. Nine skilled worker parameter is setting out as Bangladesh perspective. The main objective of this study is to reality check of skilled worker parameter by evaluating the status level of worker against each parameter. The study was conducted by questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was designed by a comprehensive literature review and expert opinion. The data were collected through questionnaire survey among the construction workers in Bangladesh. The percentages of workers who satisfy the parameters of construction safety, materials, equipment and tools, labour law and BNBC are 19.35%, 6.45%, 9.68%, 4.87% and 2.30% respectively. The workers having the professional training, minimum education and minimum working experience are 6.45%, 46.06% and 62.50% respectively. And the physically fit worker is found 62.25% in this study. Increased numbers of skilled workers boost the construction process and productivity that creates a very positive impact in the construction industry and enriches the national economy of Bangladesh.

Use of modern construction machinery in the construction

In the presented article there will be discussed measures which allow to lower expenses for the maintenance of the machinery and which contribute to the increase of energy saving in general. To achieve these goals, it is proposed to apply modern methods of organizing and operation works, to use high-tech construction equipment, and also to form an optimal mechanization complex of building and construction works. The optimization criterion is the cost of work. When determining costs for the operation of construction machinery at the site, we take into account their energy efficiency, compare the options and manage the most efficient fleet of construction equipment. In the course of meeting the task, there were drawn conclusions which demonstrate that an integrated approach to the formation of machinery parks on the construction site allows to use the available resources more rationally, in order to improve the environmental component and improve the quality of construction work.